JPH1181202A - Sleepers - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure the insulation between a crosstie and a track even if butadiene-stylene rubber is broken by laminating a plastic material on the metal crosstie. SOLUTION: A plastic material 7 is laminated on a metal crosstie main body section to form a crosstie 8. A metal sheet is molded after a plastic film is stuck to it, or the plastic film is stuck to the molded crosstie 8. As the sticking method, the whole crosstie 8 is covered with the plastic film, or the crosstie 8 is covered for a portion slightly larger than the portion to be kept in contact with an insulating plate 4. The impact strength of the plastic material 7 is set to 150 kg.cm/mm or above, and its elastic modulus is set to 25 kg/mm<2> or above. Malfunctions of signals and railroad crossings are prevented over a long period regardless of the use of the butadiene-stylene plate to allow a safe train operation and the lightweight crosstie 8, thereby workability is improved, and the transportation cost can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sleeper made of metal.

[0002] More specifically, even when the insulator is damaged due to a change in ultraviolet light, temperature and humidity, excessive concentration of stress, etc., insulation between the metal sleeper and the track can be ensured.
The present invention relates to a metal sleeper having excellent corrosion resistance.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Insulation is required between a metal sleeper and a track, but in order to secure this insulation, butadiene-styrene rubber is attached between the metal sleeper and the track via an adhesive. It is known that the method is used.

[0004]

However, in this construction, when the butadiene-styrene rubber is damaged due to the deterioration of the butadiene-styrene rubber or excessive stress concentration, the insulation between the sleeper and the track is impaired. Has defects.

It is an object of the present invention to ensure insulation between sleepers / tracks and to maintain safe and accurate railway operation even in the absence of such defects, that is, when butadiene-styrene rubber is damaged. It is intended to provide a metal sleeper that can be made to work.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a metal sleeper comprising a plastic material laminated thereon.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A metal sleeper according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings and the like.

[0010] The metal sleeper of the present invention is formed by laminating a plastic material on a metal sleeper main body to form the sleeper. FIG. 1 is an example cross-sectional view for explaining an outline of a state in which a rail is fixed on a metal sleeper on which a plastic material of the present invention is laminated.

The shapes and fixing methods of the metal sleepers and rails are not limited to those shown in the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a rail, 2 is a bolt,
3 is a holding plate, 4 is an insulator, 5 is a block, 6 is an insulator (butadiene-styrene rubber sheet), 7 is a plastic material, and 8 is a sleeper (metal body).

In the present invention, the form of the plastic material is not particularly limited, but it is most practical to use a plastic film from the viewpoint of easy lamination. As the plastic film, an appropriate plastic film can be used regardless of a simple substance or a composite. Representative examples include polyolefin film, polystyrene film, polyester film, polycarbonate film, triacetyl cellulose film, cellophane film, polyamide film, polyimide film, polyphenylene sulfide film, polyether sulfone film, polysulfone film, polyacrylonitrile film, poly A single substance or a composite substance such as a vinyl chloride film, a polyvinyl acetate film, and a polyetheretherketone film can be used.

Because of the good adhesion of the coating layer, the plastic film is preferably a polyester film, a polyolefin film, a polyvinyl chloride film, a fluororesin film or the like, regardless of whether it is a single film, a composite film, or stretched or unstretched. A fluororesin film or a polyester film is preferred from the viewpoint of the size of the temperature range and mechanical properties.

It is important that the film has excellent mechanical properties such as impact strength and elastic modulus. The impact strength is 150 kg · cm / mm or more, and the elastic modulus is 25 kg / mm.
Is preferably ² or more, more preferably impact strength 250 kg · cm / mm or more and an elastic modulus of 50 kg /
mm ² or more.

Further, as for the weather resistance, ASTM-G5
Based on 3-88, the cycle condition is UV irradiation (60 ° C)
It is preferable that the impact strength and elastic modulus at the time of irradiation for 4 hours / condensation (50 ° C.) for 4 hours for a total of 1000 hours maintain 50% or more of the initial value, and more preferably 70%.
% Or more. Furthermore, in order to ensure good insulation properties, the volume resistivity is 10 ¹⁴
Ω · cm or more, preferably 10 ¹⁶ Ω · cm or more.

The material of the fluororesin film in the present invention is not particularly limited, and various materials can be used. For example, typical examples include tetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether, hexafluoropropylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, trifluoroethylene,
Homopolymers such as vinyl fluoride, vinylidene fluoride, and vinylidene fluoride, or at least two or more copolymers selected from them, or a simple substance, composite or stretched or unstretched copolymer of ethylene and these copolymers And the like can be used as typical examples. However, in terms of mechanical properties, film forming properties, and processability,
According to the findings of the present inventors, tetrafluoroethylene-
It is preferable to use a hexafluoropropylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer, or an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and among them, those having an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer as a main component. Is particularly preferred. Further, the fluororesin film may be used in any of unstretched, uniaxially stretched and biaxially stretched, but if mechanical strength is particularly required, stretched film is preferred.

If necessary, the fluororesin film may contain additives which do not impair the effects of the present invention, such as heat stabilizers, oxidation stabilizers, weather stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, etc.
Pigments, dyes, inorganic or organic fine particles, dispersants, coupling agents, fillers and the like may be blended.

In the present invention, the material of the polyester film is not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, bis-α, β (2-chlorophenoxy) ethane-4, At least one kind of bifunctional carboxylic acid such as 4'-dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid and at least one kind of glycol such as ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, decamethylene glycol are used. A polyester film or the like obtained by condensation can be used.
The polyester film may be blended with another polymer or copolymerized within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. Further, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a lubricant, a pigment, an ultraviolet absorber, etc. May be included. The intrinsic viscosity of the polyester (measured in orthochlorophenol at 25 ° C.) is preferably 0.4 to 2.0, more preferably 0.5 to 1.0. Further, as the polyester film, a film in which fine bubbles are contained in the film to enhance the insulating property or the like can be used. The formation of these fine bubbles is due to the incompatibility of a polymer, such as poly-3-methylbutene, in a film matrix, such as polyester.
1, poly-4-methylpentene-1, polypropylene,
Polyvinyl-t-butane, 1,4-trans-poly-
It can be formed by, for example, finely dispersing 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, cellulose triacetate, cellulose tripropionate, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, and the like, and stretching it uniaxially or biaxially. Voids around the polymer particles
Is formed. In addition, those having fine bubbles have a lower specific gravity due to the fine bubbles, have higher cushioning properties, and can reduce impact resistance when a train passes through a track. Further, a combination of fine particles such as calcium carbonate, amorphous zeolite particles, anatase type titanium dioxide, calcium phosphate, silica, kaolin, talc and clay in a polyester film may be used. In addition to the fine particles, fine particles precipitated by the reaction between the catalyst residue and the phosphorus compound in the polyester polymerization reaction system can be used in combination.

Incidentally, the above-mentioned polyester film may be gradually deteriorated from the end portion by ultraviolet rays incident from a slight gap between the metal sleeper main body and the track. Therefore, by adding an ultraviolet absorber and / or an ultraviolet stabilizer to these plastic films,
The weather resistance can be improved, and good insulation between the track and the metal sleeper can be maintained for a long period of time. On the other hand, since the fluororesin film itself has high weather resistance, the necessity of adding an ultraviolet absorber is small. Here, the ultraviolet absorber contained in the film only needs to absorb ultraviolet rays of 300 to 400 nm, and the type thereof is not limited. Representative examples include salicylic acid derivatives such as phenyl salicylate and P-tert-butylphenyl salicylate, benzophenone-based ones such as dihydroxybenzophenone and dihydroxydimethoxybenzophenone, and 2- (2'-
Benzotriazoles such as (hydroxy-S'-methyl-phenyl) benzotriazole, anilide derivatives of oxalic acid, benzoates such as resorcinol / monobenzoate, methyl 0-benzoylbenzoate or ethyl-2-cyano-3,3 Diphenyl acrylate such as diphenyl acrylate, or a mixture thereof;

Further, these ultraviolet absorbers, hindered amines, hindered amino esters, benzoic acid derivatives,
Alternatively, a light-resistant stabilizer such as a nickel compound may be used in combination, if necessary. The amount of the ultraviolet absorber to be added is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably 0.1 to 40%, more preferably 2 to 20%, per substrate film.

In the present invention, the thickness of the plastic film is not particularly limited, but the thicker the film is, the higher the impact resistance becomes. Therefore, it is preferable that the dielectric film does not break down due to the insertion of a damaged butadiene-styrene rubber or the like. Usually, it is better to use a material having a size of 50 μm or more, preferably 100 μm or more.

When a composite film is used, the number of layers or the composite method is not particularly limited, but it is further stretched by a composite extrusion method, an extrusion lamination method on a base film, or a lamination method using various adhesives. In the case where is required, a composite or the like can be used regardless of before or after stretching.

Furthermore, in the present invention, when an adhesive layer is formed on the surface of a plastic film and used, not only the coating properties can be improved by performing a surface treatment or an undercoating treatment, but also the adhesion and water resistance of the adhesive layer can be improved. It can be more preferably used because the solvent resistance and the like are improved. As the surface treatment, for example, a corona discharge treatment (in air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide gas, rare gas, etc.), a plasma (glow discharge) treatment (high pressure, low pressure), a high frequency sputter etching treatment and the like are performed. For example, a process of causing high-energy particles to collide with the substrate. On the other hand, the chemical solution treatment can be performed by applying an alkali solution treatment such as immersing a plastic film in an ammonia solution of metallic sodium or a tetrahydrofuran solution of sodium / naphthalene complex. Further, as the undercoating treatment, an easy-adhesive made of an organic compound having an atomic group containing oxygen and / or nitrogen may be applied. The atomic group containing oxygen and / or nitrogen includes an amino group, an imino group, a carboxyl group,
A hydroxyl group, carbonyl group, ether group, epoxy group, isocyanate group, amide group, urethane group, ester group, urea group, cyano group and the like can be used. Organic compounds having such an atomic group include polyesters, polyamides,
Polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl chloride, poly (meth)
There are acrylic esters, polyimides, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, polystyrenes, polymethylpentenes, polyolefins, halogenated polyolefins, alkyd resins, polyamideimides, polyvinyl alcohols, silicate resins, etc., among which polyesters, polyurethanes, poly (meth) acrylics Those using an acid ester or polyvinyl alcohol are more preferable in view of the adhesion of the adhesive layer. In the case of the surface treatment, the treatment intensity is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set to a desired value according to the application. Is preferably 40 dyne / cm or more, and more preferably 45 dyne / cm or more.

In constructing the metal sleeper of the present invention,
The adhesive, pressure-sensitive adhesive and heat-adhesive resin used for the adhesive layer are not particularly limited, and acrylic resins, fluorine-based resins, natural or synthetic rubber-based resins, and urethanes which have been used as adhesives and pressure-sensitive adhesives have been used. Resins, polyester resins, silicone resins and the like can be preferably used. Examples of the heat-adhesive resin include ethylene-ethylene terephthalate resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, and a low melting point resin such as ETFE. In particular, polyester resin, acrylic resin and ETFE. Low melting point resins are preferred. For example, the ETFE resin is used for changing the copolymerization ratio and molecular weight of ethylene tetrafluoride and ethylene as the main components,
It can be obtained by the type and amount of vinyl fluoride monomer added as a component, for example, fluorinated α-monoolefin, fluorinated vinyl ether, hydrofluorocarbon fluorinated vinyl ether, hydrocarbon fluorinated vinyl ether, the combination thereof, and the like.

The thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 500 μm, more preferably 5 to 300 μm, and more preferably 10 to 100 μm.
μm.

The plastic film used in the present invention may have a coating layer. The method for providing the coating layer is, for example, to apply a solution adjusted to a predetermined amount to a plastic film formed in the film forming step. And drying, or winding and then applying and drying a plastic film. The application method is not particularly limited, but after coating using a method such as gravure coating, reverse coating, kiss coating, die coating, metalling bar coating, spray coating, and the like, drying is performed at 60 to 150 ° C. for about 1 second to 60 minutes. In addition, the coating layer may be separately formed and then laminated later, but it is preferable to laminate directly on the base film because of the complicated processing steps. The film thus obtained is used by sticking it on a metal sleeper.

In the present invention, the metal used for the metal sleeper is not particularly limited, but iron is practical and preferable in terms of cost, rigidity and weight. However, on the other hand, other metals such as aluminum may be used depending on the use environment and the like.

The configuration of the sleeper according to the present invention is very effective for preventing conduction between the track and the sleeper when a conductive material is used for the sleeper body. The same effect can be obtained even with a metal sleeper to which a paint is applied to ensure rust prevention or insulation.

As a method of manufacturing a metal sleeper according to the present invention, a plastic film is attached to a metal plate,
There are a molding method, a method of attaching a plastic film on a molded sleeper, and the like, but any method is not particularly limited. There are a method of attaching the entire sleeper with a plastic film and a method of covering the entirety of the sleeper slightly larger than a portion where the insulating plate comes into contact. The latter is preferred from the viewpoint of cost and simplicity of production.

Further, when pasting to an already installed iron sleeper, remove the track once, remove the rust or the like adhering to the connecting portion, and after bonding with the above-mentioned adhesive or the like,
Tracks can also be fixed. In this case, it is preferable to use a water-based coating agent in consideration of the environment around the work.

[0030]

[Measurement and evaluation methods] The following characteristics described in the present invention are as follows:
In each example and each comparative example, five sleepers were installed and practically evaluated using the railway service lines of the Shiga Plant of Toray Industries, Inc. for two years.

(1) Physical properties: The samples before the actual use test were measured. The measurement items are impact strength and elastic modulus, which are JIS-K7111 and JIS-K71, respectively.
27.

(2) Appearance: During actual use test for 2 years, 1
The track was removed every year and the film surface was observed.

○: One sleeper with cracks in one place
There was no book.

△: One sleeper with cracks in one place
There were more than books.

×: One sleeper with cracks in both places
It was also a book.

(3) Insulation: During a two-year actual use test,
The electrical resistance between the track and the sleeper was measured every year.

○: There was no sleeper whose insulation property was broken at one place.

Δ: There was one or more sleepers whose insulation was broken in one place.

×: At least two sleepers whose insulation was broken were found in both places.

(4) Malfunction: Malfunctions of signals, level crossings, etc., during actual use for 2 years were measured. 0 ：: There was no sleeper that caused the malfunction.

×: At least one sleeper caused a malfunction.

[0042]

The present invention will be described with reference to the following examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 A coating surface of an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer resin film (manufactured by Toray Industries, Ltd.) having a thickness of 100 μm was subjected to corona discharge treatment, toluene was used as a diluting solvent, and silicone adhesive was applied to the surface. "Trefirm SD4570" as an agent
(Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd.) 100
Parts by weight and a coating agent obtained by mixing 1 part by weight of the curing agent “SRX212” was applied with a metaling bar, and the applied layer was heated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour.
After drying for 5 minutes, a coating layer having a thickness of 5 μm was provided. The obtained film was stuck on an iron sleeper.

A line was fixed on the iron sleeper with a butadiene-styrene rubber sheet (thickness: 6 mm) interposed therebetween. The practical evaluation results are as shown in Table 1, and were good.

Example 2 A coated surface of a 150 μm-thick polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) was subjected to a corona discharge treatment, toluene was used as a diluting solvent, and “Trefirm SD4570” was used as a silicone adhesive. (Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by weight and curing agent "SR
X212 ″ is coated with a coating agent mixed with 1 part by weight with a metalling bar, and the coated layer is dried at 100 ° C. for 1 minute to form a layer having a thickness of 5%.
A coating layer of μm was provided. The obtained film was stuck on an iron sleeper. A line was fixed on this iron sleeper with a butadiene-styrene rubber sheet (thickness: 6 mm) interposed therebetween. The practical evaluation results are as shown in Table 1, and were good.

Example 3 A 200 μm-thick ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer resin film (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) was subjected to a corona discharge treatment, and toluene was used as a diluting solvent on the coated surface. "Trefirm SD4570" as an agent
(Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd.) 100
Parts by weight and a coating agent obtained by mixing 1 part by weight of the curing agent “SRX212” was applied with a metaling bar, and the applied layer was heated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour.
After drying for 5 minutes, a coating layer having a thickness of 5 μm was provided. The obtained film was stuck on an iron pillow. The line was directly fixed on this iron sleeper without using a butadiene-styrene rubber sheet. The practical evaluation results are as shown in Table 1, and were good.

Example 4 A coating surface of a polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a thickness of 250 μm was subjected to corona discharge treatment, toluene was used as a diluting solvent, and “Trefirm SD4570” was used as a silicone adhesive. (Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by weight and curing agent "SR
X212 ″ is coated with a coating agent mixed with 1 part by weight with a metalling bar, and the coated layer is dried at 100 ° C. for 1 minute to form a layer having a thickness of 5%.
A coating layer of μm was provided. The obtained film was stuck on an iron sleeper. The line was directly fixed on this iron sleeper without using a butadiene-styrene rubber sheet. The practical evaluation results are as shown in Table 1, and were good.

Comparative Example 1 A butadiene-styrene rubber sheet (6 mm) was placed on an iron sleeper on which no plastic film was laminated, and a line was placed thereon. Table 1 shows the practical evaluation results.

Comparative Example 2 A butadiene-styrene rubber sheet (12 mm) was placed on an iron sleeper on which no plastic film was laminated, and a line was placed thereon. Table 1 shows the practical evaluation results.

Example 5 A surface coated with a hard polyvinyl chloride film having a thickness of 150 μm was subjected to a corona discharge treatment, and toluene was used as a diluting solvent for the surface.
Add “Trefirm SD45” as silicone adhesive
70 ”(manufactured by Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.) 1
A coating agent obtained by mixing 00 parts by weight and 1 part by weight of the curing agent “SRX212” is applied with a metaling bar, and the applied layer is heated to 100 ° C.
For 1 minute to provide a coating layer having a thickness of 5 μm. The obtained film was stuck on an iron sleeper. A line was fixed on this iron sleeper with a butadiene-styrene rubber sheet (thickness: 6 mm) interposed therebetween. Table 1 shows the practical evaluation results.

[0051]

[Table 1]

[0052]

The butadiene-styrene rubber plate conventionally used as an insulating plate, which is pasted on a metal sleeper, is used under severe conditions, so that the seasonal climate changes and the latent heat stored by the metal sleeper. However, according to the present invention, there is a problem that a signal, a railroad crossing, and the like may be malfunctioned due to failure to provide insulation between a track and a metal sleeper. Is done.

In particular, by using a plastic film having excellent weather resistance, impact resistance, and insulation properties attached to a metal sleeper, a signal for a long time can be obtained regardless of whether a butadiene-styrene plate is used or not. Malfunctions such as railroad crossings can be prevented, and safe train operation is possible. Further, the metallic sleeper according to the present invention can be reduced in weight, so that workability can be improved and transportation costs can be reduced. Further, by using the present metal sleeper in a tunnel or a track of a subway or the like, the height of the tunnel can be made lower than that of a conventional concrete or wooden sleeper, and the construction cost can be greatly reduced.

If a film having an adhesive or adhesive layer provided on the film is used, the sleeper of the present invention can be constructed by attaching the film to an existing metal sleeper, and a water-based adhesive is used. This has a similar effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an outline of a state in which a rail is fixed on a metal sleeper on which a plastic material of the present invention is laminated.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: rail 2: bolt 3: holding plate 4: insulator 5: block 6: insulator (butadiene-styrene rubber sheet) 7: plastic material 8: sleeper

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A metal sleeper comprising a metal body laminated with a plastic material. 2. The metal sleeper according to claim 1, wherein the plastic material is a plastic film. 3. The impact strength of a plastic material is 150 k.
The metal sleeper according to claim 1, wherein the metal sleeper has a modulus of not less than g · cm / mm and an elastic modulus of not less than 25 kg / mm ² . 4. The metal sleeper according to claim 2, wherein the plastic film is a fluororesin film or a polyester film. 5. A fluororesin film comprising tetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkylvinyl ether, hexafluoropropylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, trifluoroethylene, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene fluoride, or fluorocarbon. 5. The metal sleeper according to claim 4, which is a homopolymer of a fluorine monomer such as vinylidene fluoride, a copolymer of at least two kinds selected from these, or a copolymer of ethylene and these. 6. The metal sleeper according to claim 4, wherein the fluororesin film is an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film. 7. The metal sleeper according to claim 4, wherein the polyester film contains an ultraviolet absorber. 8. A metal part of a sleeper is made of a conductive metal.
A metal sleeper according to 6 or 7. 9. The sleeper according to claim 8, wherein the conductive metal contains an iron component.