JPS5840687A - Hall multiplier - Google Patents
Hall multiplierInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5840687A JPS5840687A JP56139342A JP13934281A JPS5840687A JP S5840687 A JPS5840687 A JP S5840687A JP 56139342 A JP56139342 A JP 56139342A JP 13934281 A JP13934281 A JP 13934281A JP S5840687 A JPS5840687 A JP S5840687A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hall
- output voltage
- integrator
- voltage
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06G—ANALOGUE COMPUTERS
- G06G7/00—Devices in which the computing operation is performed by varying electric or magnetic quantities
- G06G7/12—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers specially adapted therefor
- G06G7/16—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers specially adapted therefor for multiplication or division
- G06G7/162—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers specially adapted therefor for multiplication or division using galvano- magnetic effects, e.g. Hall effect; using similar magnetic effects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発倒は、１個のホール素子を用いて電力測定中磁気測
定等を行うホール乗算器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a Hall multiplier that uses one Hall element to perform magnetic measurements during power measurements.
ホール素子を用いて例えば電力を測定する場合、負荷電
圧と負荷電流をそれぞれ制御電流と磁場に変換してホー
ル素子に印加し、それらの乗算結果であるホール出力電
圧を測定する。こＯ場合、ホール出力電圧が微小である
ため、低オフセツト電圧、低ドリフトの特殊な増幅器を
用いなければならず、ｉ九ホール出力電圧が温度によυ
変動する丸め、これを補償しなければならない、といっ
たことが安価でかつ高精ｔ。When measuring power using a Hall element, for example, a load voltage and a load current are converted into a control current and a magnetic field, respectively, and applied to the Hall element, and the Hall output voltage, which is the multiplication result of these, is measured. In this case, since the Hall output voltage is very small, a special amplifier with low offset voltage and low drift must be used, and the Hall output voltage varies with temperature.
Variable rounding, which must be compensated for, is inexpensive and highly accurate.
測定装置を実現する上で問題となっている。This poses a problem in realizing a measuring device.
例えば、ＧａＡ−十Ｇ・ホール素子はホール出力電圧Ｏ
ｉ１度係数が−０，０２％／℃と小さいが出力電圧が約
２０ｍＶ／Ｋｇａｕｓｓと小さい、一方１ｍＢｂホール
素子は出力電圧が約２００ｍＶ／Ｋｇａｕ易Ｓと大壷い
が、温度係数が一３％／℃と大きい、従ってｌａｍｂホ
ール素子は、温度特性が悪いために高精度を要する測定
には用いられず、出方電圧が大きくかつ安価であるとい
う特徴が十分生かされていない。For example, a GaA-10G Hall element has a Hall output voltage of O
The i1 degree coefficient is small at -0.02%/℃, but the output voltage is small at about 20 mV/Kgauss.On the other hand, the 1 mBb Hall element has a large output voltage of about 200 mV/Kgauss, but the temperature coefficient is -3%. /°C, therefore, the lamb Hall element has poor temperature characteristics and is therefore not used for measurements that require high precision, and its characteristics of high output voltage and low cost are not fully utilized.
本発明は上記の点に鑑み、温度特性の悪いホール素子で
あっても確実に温度補償を行って高精度の測定を可能と
し九ホール乗算器を提供するものである。In view of the above points, the present invention provides a nine-hole multiplier that can reliably perform temperature compensation even for Hall elements with poor temperature characteristics to enable highly accurate measurement.
本発明に係るホール乗算器の原理構成を第１図に示す０
図において、ｌがホール素子であり、そのホール出力電
圧を増幅器２により増幅し、その出力電圧を一端を接地
した積分器ＩＫより積分するようｋなっている。ホール
素子１には、乗算すべ龜信号ａ１およびａｌをそれぞれ
制御電流■１および磁場Ｂ、として印加する。一方ホー
ル素子ｌＫは、基準信号す、を制御電流Ｉ。The principle configuration of the Hall multiplier according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
In the figure, l is a Hall element, whose Hall output voltage is amplified by an amplifier 2, and the output voltage is integrated by an integrator IK whose one end is grounded. Multiplying force signals a1 and al are applied to the Hall element 1 as a control current 1 and a magnetic field B, respectively. On the other hand, the Hall element IK controls the reference signal S and the control current I.
として制御電流ｘ１に重畳して印加すると共に、積分器
Ｓの出力電圧ｂｌを磁場Ｂ、に変換して、これをホール
出力電圧が零となるように、即ち負帰還ルーｌを構成す
るように磁場Ｂ、に重畳して印加する。この場合、ホー
ル索子１では磁場３１は信号亀ＩＫのみ感応し、磁場１
．は信号ａ嘗Ｋｏみ感応するように、例えば１に、１１
を交流とし、夏１ ｅ ”ｍを直流とする。４鳳。is applied superimposed on the control current x1, and the output voltage bl of the integrator S is converted into a magnetic field B, so that the Hall output voltage becomes zero, that is, to configure a negative feedback rule l. It is applied superimposed on the magnetic field B. In this case, in the Hall cable 1, the magnetic field 31 is sensitive only to the signal turtle IK, and the magnetic field 1
．． is responsive to the signal a, for example 1, 11.
Let be an alternating current, and let summer 1e ”m be a direct current.4 鳳.
４１はそれぞれ磁場Ｂ１＋Ｂｌを得るための電磁石を示
している。41 indicates electromagnets for obtaining the magnetic field B1+Bl, respectively.
このように構成して、省号ａ重とａｌの乗算結果を積分
ＷＩＳの出力電圧ｂｓ Ｋよ〉測定することくより、ホ
ール素子１の温度係数の影響が完全に除去される。即ち
、ホール素子１の信号ａＩとａ麿によるホール出力電圧
ｖ！１１は温度ＴＫよシ変動する係数をＫ （Ｔ）とし
てＶａｔ ＝Ｋ （Ｔ） ・ ａｓ ＩＩＪ
−で表わされる。同ＩＩＫホール票子１０
基準信号ｈ１と積分器出力電圧ｂｓＫよるホール出力電
圧Ｖｌｌは
Ｖ、嘗ｇＫ （Ｔ） ａ ｂｌ ｏｉｌｍで表
わされる。ところで積分器３の入力の一端は接地され、
増幅器２に得られる出力電圧が零となるように負珊遺ル
ー！が構成されているから。With this configuration, the influence of the temperature coefficient of the Hall element 1 can be completely removed by measuring the multiplication result of the weight a and al as the output voltage bsK of the integral WIS. That is, the Hall output voltage v! due to the signal aI of the Hall element 1 and amaro! 11 is Vat = K (T) ・ as IIJ, where K (T) is the coefficient that varies with temperature TK.
It is represented by -. IIK hall stamp 10
The Hall output voltage Vll based on the reference signal h1 and the integrator output voltage bsK is expressed as V, 嘗gK (T) a bl oilm. By the way, one end of the input of integrator 3 is grounded,
Set the negative voltage so that the output voltage obtained from amplifier 2 becomes zero! Because it is configured.
■−１−Ｖｍ愈 ＝Ｋ（Ｔ） ・ａｔ ＃ｌ寓−Ｋ（
Ｔ） ・ｂｒ ・ｂｍ ＝ ０である。従って
ａｌ・ａｌ＝ｂｌ・ｂｌ
となり、基準信号ｂ１を一定とすれば
１１ °ａ露 ｂ。■-1-Vm =K(T) ・at #l-K(
T) ・br ・bm = 0. Therefore, al・al=bl・bl, and if the reference signal b1 is constant, 11°a dew b.
となる、即ち、信号ａ１とａｌの乗算結果は温度によｐ
変化するＫ （Ｔ）の項が補償されて積分器３の出力電
圧ｂｌに比例する形で得られるととＫなる。In other words, the multiplication result of signals a1 and al is p depending on the temperature.
If the variable K (T) term is compensated and obtained in a form proportional to the output voltage bl of the integrator 3, then K is obtained.
を九この場合、基準信号ｂ１を信号ａ１と略等しい値に
設定しておけば、つまりホール素子ＩＫＲれる制御電流
成分！１ ａ Ｆが略等しくなるように設定しておけば
、ホール索子ｌの磁場直線性が多少悪くてもその影響が
相殺されて高精度の乗算を行うことができる。In this case, if the reference signal b1 is set to a value approximately equal to the signal a1, that is, the control current component controlled by the Hall element IKR! If 1 a F is set to be approximately equal, even if the magnetic field linearity of the Hall probe l is somewhat poor, its influence is canceled out and highly accurate multiplication can be performed.
第２図はこの発明を電力計に適用した実施例を示すもの
で、第１図と対応する部分には第１図と同一符号を付し
である。ホール素子ｌには、交流負荷電圧ｖＬをパワー
トランス５を介して制御電流！１に変換して印加し、交
流負荷電流ｒＬを電磁石４１により磁場Ｂ１に肇換して
印加する。會えホール素子１には、直流の基準電圧りに
より制御電流ｒ＝を制御電ｆｉｌｔＫ重畳して印加し、
積分器８の出力電圧Ｖ、を電圧−電流変換器Ｉにより電
流に変換した後、電磁石４層′によ如磁場Ｂ、に変換し
て印加する。電磁石’１’ｅ’４ｍは共通のコアを用い
ており、そＯイヤツノ内にホール素子１が配電されるこ
とになる。FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a wattmeter, and parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1. The Hall element l receives the AC load voltage vL through the power transformer 5 to control current! The AC load current rL is converted into a magnetic field B1 by the electromagnet 41 and applied. A control current r= is superimposed on the control current filtK and applied to the Hall element 1 using a DC reference voltage.
The output voltage V of the integrator 8 is converted into a current by the voltage-current converter I, and then converted into a magnetic field B by the four electromagnet layers' and applied. The electromagnets '1'e'4m use a common core, and the Hall element 1 is electrically distributed within the core.
これＫよって、先の原理説明から明らかなとおり、電力
値ＶＬ Ｘ ＩＬ ｔ−すれに比例した積分器３の出力
電圧Ｖｓ Ｋ変換して測定することができろうそしてホ
ール素子の温度による特性姿動は補償されているから、
例えば温度係数の大きい夏馳８−ホール素子を用いても
高精度の電力測定が可能となる。第３図は、第２図の実
施例でホール素子ｌとして１ｍ８ｂホール菓子を用いた
場合の温度特性（イ）と、同様のＩｎａｂホール素子を
用いて単純に＊荷電圧と負荷電流の積を求める電力針を
構成した従来例の温度特性（ロ）を比較して示したもの
で１本夾施何による温度特性の向上が−著Ｋｌｌめられ
る。ｔた前述のように、基準電圧ｖ１の値を選ぶことに
より、ホール素子の磁場直線性が悪くてもその影響を受
けず高精度の電力測定が可能となる。Therefore, as is clear from the previous explanation of the principle, the output voltage Vs of the integrator 3, which is proportional to the power value VL is compensated,
For example, even if a summer 8-Hall element with a large temperature coefficient is used, highly accurate power measurement is possible. Figure 3 shows the temperature characteristics (A) when a 1m8b Hall confectionery is used as the Hall element l in the example shown in Figure 2, and the product of the load voltage and load current using a similar Inab Hall element. The graph shows a comparison of the temperature characteristics (b) of a conventional example of the desired power needle, and the improvement in temperature characteristics due to the addition of a single wire can be seen. As described above, by selecting the value of the reference voltage v1, even if the magnetic field linearity of the Hall element is poor, highly accurate power measurement is possible without being affected by it.
更Ｋ、従来よシホール素子の駆動には温度特性の点から
定電流駆動が多く用いられているが、本発明によれば定
電圧駆動としても出力電圧の温度補償が確実に行われる
から、回路が簡単、不平衡電圧の温度変化が少ない、素
子の抵抗差による積感度のばらつきが小さい、といった
定電圧駆動の特徴も十分生かすことができる。Further, conventionally, constant current drive is often used to drive a Schiffle element due to temperature characteristics, but according to the present invention, temperature compensation of the output voltage is reliably performed even when constant voltage drive is performed, so the circuit It is possible to take full advantage of the characteristics of constant voltage drive, such as simple operation, small temperature changes in unbalanced voltage, and small variations in product sensitivity due to differences in element resistance.
第４図は本発明をＲＭＳコン・童−夕に適用した実施例
である。即ち第１図における信号亀３として信号＆怠を
用い、また基準信号ｂ１の代シに積分Ｗｈ１の出力電圧
す雪を用いている・このとき、
ａｌ＝ 龜ｌにム
ｂにｂｌＣＢ
であるから、先の原理説明から、
Ｋ （Ｔ）ム” Ｗ Ｋ （Ｔ） Ｂ’とな如、
Ｂ＝り
となる。つｔヤ入力信号ａ１の真の実効値−８値）を検
出することができる。この実施例においても、先の実施
例と同様の効果が得られることは明らかである。FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an RMS controller. In other words, the signal &lack is used as the signal 3 in Fig. 1, and the output voltage of the integral Wh1 is used as a substitute for the reference signal b1.In this case, since al= 1, b, and blCB. , from the previous explanation of the principle, K (T) M'W K (T) B', so B = ri.It is possible to detect the true effective value of the input signal a1 - 8 values). It is clear that the same effects as in the previous embodiment can be obtained in this embodiment as well.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、温度特性の悪いホ
ール素子を用いても確実にＩｌ＆補償が行われ、また基
準信号を設定することにより磁場直線性の影響も除かれ
、従って高精度の測定を可能としたホール乗算器が得ら
れる。As explained above, according to the present invention, even if a Hall element with poor temperature characteristics is used, Il & compensation can be performed reliably, and by setting the reference signal, the influence of magnetic field linearity can be removed, and therefore high accuracy can be achieved. A Hall multiplier that enables measurement is obtained.
第１図は本発明のホール乗纂器の原理構成を示す図、第
２図は本発明を電力針に適用した実施例を示す図、第３
図はその温度特性を従来例と比較して示す図、第４図は
本発明を闇コンバータに適用した実施例を示す図である
。
１・・・ホール素子、２・・・増幅器、８・・・積分器
、Ｃ・・・電圧−電流変換器、”１ ＊ ”ｌ・・・乗
算すべき信号、ｂｌ・・・基準信号、ｂ、・・・積分器
出力電圧。
出願人代理人 弁理士 鈴 江 武 門弟 １ 因
１FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the principle configuration of the Hall multiplier of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a power needle, and FIG.
The figure is a diagram showing the temperature characteristics in comparison with a conventional example, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a dark converter. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Hall element, 2... Amplifier, 8... Integrator, C... Voltage-current converter, "1*"l... Signal to be multiplied, bl... Reference signal, b,...Integrator output voltage. Applicant's agent Patent attorney Takeshi Suzue Disciple 1 Reason 1
Claims (2)
を増幅する増幅器と、この増幅器の出力電圧を積分する
積分器とを備え、前記ホール素子には乗算すべき信号ａ
１およびａ３をそれヤれ制御電流および磁場セして印加
すると共Ｋ、基準信号ｂ１を制御電流として重畳して印
加し、Ｉ！に前記積分器の出力電圧ｂ３を磁場に変換し
てこれを前記ホール出力電圧が零となる負帰還ルーノを
構成するように重畳して印加するようにし九ことを特徴
とするホール乗算器。(1) The Hall element is equipped with an amplifier that amplifies the Hall output voltage of the Hall element, and an integrator that integrates the output voltage of this amplifier, and the Hall element has a signal a to be multiplied.
1 and a3 are respectively applied as a control current and magnetic field, K, a reference signal b1 is superimposed and applied as a control current, and I! 9. A Hall multiplier characterized in that the output voltage b3 of the integrator is converted into a magnetic field and this is superimposed and applied so as to constitute a negative feedback Luno in which the Hall output voltage becomes zero.
よび負荷電流であり、基準信号ｂ１は直ａｍ圧であって
、信号ａ１およびａ３の乗算結果である電力を積分器の
出力電圧ｂｌＫより測定するようにした特許請求の範囲
第１項記載のホール乗算器。(2) The signals al and as are the AC load voltage and load current, respectively, the reference signal b1 is the direct am pressure, and the power that is the product of the signals a1 and a3 is measured from the output voltage blK of the integrator. A Hall multiplier according to claim 1, wherein the Hall multiplier is configured as follows.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56139342A JPS5840687A (en) | 1981-09-04 | 1981-09-04 | Hall multiplier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56139342A JPS5840687A (en) | 1981-09-04 | 1981-09-04 | Hall multiplier |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5840687A true JPS5840687A (en) | 1983-03-09 |
| JPS611790B2 JPS611790B2 (en) | 1986-01-20 |
Family
ID=15243092
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56139342A Granted JPS5840687A (en) | 1981-09-04 | 1981-09-04 | Hall multiplier |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5840687A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0735286A (en) * | 1993-07-27 | 1995-02-07 | Cosmo Koki Co Ltd | Pipe fitting |
-
1981
- 1981-09-04 JP JP56139342A patent/JPS5840687A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS611790B2 (en) | 1986-01-20 |
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