JPS588122A - Conjugate fiber and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:A high-melting polymer in an oriented state and another low-melting polyester are subjected to conjugate spinning so that its cross section circumference ratio reaches a specific value, then drawn and heat treated at a specific temperature between melting points of both polymers to produce the titled fiber of good dyeability, high pilling resistance, heat resistance and tenacity. CONSTITUTION:(A) A polymer that melts at 200-350 deg.C and is in an oriented crystalline state such as polyethylene terephthalate and (B) another polyester polymer that melts at 100-230 deg.C, more than 20 deg.C lower than polymer A such as polybutylene terephthalate copolymer containing isophthalic acid are subjected to conjugate spinning so that the cross section circumference ratio of component B becomes 40%, and drawn to prepare oriented mixed spun yarn. Then, the resultant yarn is heat treated at a temperature more than 20 deg.C lower than the melting point of component A and higher than that of component B to produce the objective conjugate fiber with component B unorieinted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to composite spun fibers obtained by melt spinning, or fiber aggregates made of the fibers or containing the fibers (hereinafter simply referred to as fibers to avoid complication). The purpose is to provide fibers that have expanded physical and chemical properties and that can be manufactured using 11HCII without any trouble during the manufacturing process. It is something to do.

Conventional melt-spun fiber JIiK excellent properties 1. For example, dyeability,
Various attempts have been made to improve hydrophilicity, anti-pilling properties due to appropriate strength and elongation, resolvability under 7μ force of rounding by imparting a unique cross section and surface structure, extractability, etc. However, improvements in these properties may worsen the properties of fiber manufacturing processes, that is, spinnability.

Grinding extensibility, spinnability, false twisting processability, fabricability, etc. are often reduced, making it difficult to obtain fibers with excellent quality and processability.

For example, polyethylene terephthalate (abbreviated as PET)
When a fifth component is copolymerized to improve the dyeability of the polymer, the polymer becomes soft, which tends to cause sticking when drying the raw pellet, or during spinning or grinding, and the product also lacks heat resistance, dimensional stability, stiffness, etc. However, the characteristics of polyester were not exhibited and sufficient improvements could not be made.

Furthermore, when low-polymerization polymers are spun to improve the anti-vibration properties of PET, the strength is weak and the fibers tend to break during spinning and stretching, and troubles also occur during spinning, which greatly reduces productivity. It has to be carried out under relaxed conditions,
The reality is that costs are rising.

The present inventors have conducted various studies in order to obtain nine-woven embroidery with excellent quality and processability. As a result, they have combined two types of polyv-v with specific properties, and have determined the orientation, crystallization state, and fiber surface of each component. We discovered that by regulating the exposure rate, we could solve the problems of the first generation.

In other words, the present invention provides boriesde fi which is in an oriented crystallized state 11 during the spinning or abrasive drawing process and functions as a component for maintaining strength or form 1 stability, but becomes non-oriented by heat treatment in the process subsequent to the drawing process. The fiber is obtained by composite spinning a polymer component of /ik with a polymer component of Ike, which functions as a component that maintains strength or shape stability even when heat treated. and a polyester-based polymer B having a melting point of 100 to 250°C and 20°C or more lower than that of the mborimer, the fiber cross-sectional circumference of the B polymer is 40%.
B
The present invention relates to a composite spun fiber in which a polymer is in a non-oriented state and a method for producing the same.

Conventional heat treatment after fiber formation improves its orientation.

It is known that crystallinity changes. Composite spun fibers of two types of polymers are also known. However, as in the present invention, two polymers having specific properties are composited, and a polymer is used to control the orientation, crystallinity, and fiber cross-sectional area (ratio of a specific component in the total circumference of the composite fiber cross-section). and more quality.

It is not known at all that it produces fibers with excellent processability.

Muborimer and Hiro of the present invention, melting point 200-3'50"C1
Desirably 215-555°C, more preferably 250°C
~520°C is used. Below 200"C, the heat resistance is insufficient as a practical fiber, which limits its use; on the other hand, above 55G"Q, the #iSS spinning temperature becomes too high.9
% ordinary spinning equipment can be applied.

In addition, it is necessary for Mborimer to exist in an oriented crystallized state. If it is not in an oriented crystallized state, the mechanical properties of the fiber will be poor, so a fabric with appropriate strength and good morphological stability is required. cannot be formed.

As the mbolimer, various melt-formable fiber-forming crystalline polymers such as polyester μ and nylon are used. Among them, aromatic polyester ~ especially rE! Systemic organ miscellaneous is preferred because it exhibits many useful properties and its effects are great.

For example, when obtaining d-resistant polyester, spinning 11 threads (
W) (pheno-, tetofuchloroethane 111° amount mixed solvent, a1 @ viscosity IRμ return 0.5 measured at 50°C
Thickening powders such as the following polyesters, polyesters copolymerized with sulfur softa A/# base, bentaerythritol, polyesters copolymerized with polyfunctional branching agents such as trimesic acid, silica, silica, etc. Spinnability and stretchability are improved when polyester containing polyester is used.

Normally, the spinnability etc. deteriorate, but when used as a mullimer according to the present invention, fibers or aggregates thereof that are excellent in both processability and quality can be obtained.

Polymer B of the present invention has a melting point of 100 to 250°C, preferably 115 to 215°C, more preferably 130 to 215°C.
A temperature of 200°C is used. Below 100'C, the processability improvement effect is insufficient, and the heat resistance of 1+ textile products,
It is not preferable due to poor morphological stability etc. On the other hand, at temperatures above 250°C, the treatment to make the B polymer in the fibers non-oriented, that is, the heat treatment, requires extremely high temperature, which is disadvantageous in terms of energy consumption, and the current equipment is not applicable. Requires little special equipment.

Furthermore, the melting point of 4CB polymer is 20% higher than that of 4CB polymer.
℃, M is preferably 30°C, more preferably 40°C or lower. If the melting point difference with Mudymer is 20°C or less, the crystallinity or orientation of Mudymer will greatly change during the non-orientation treatment of Polymer B, which will reduce the deterioration of quality or processability, so it is preferable. do not have.

Further, as the B polymer, a polymer having a crystallization ability is used. That is, a material is used that is once oriented and crystallized during the spinning or drawing process, acts as a component for maintaining strength or shape stability, and is effective in ensuring processability. Also B
Polymer #i is allowed to exist in the above-mentioned oriented and crystallized state until an appropriate process is completed, but at the stage where it is no longer necessary to ensure processability, it may be prepared after abrasive elongation, after spinning, or after forming into a fabric. At this stage, a suitable chicken ring is used to create a non-oriented state, and conversely, the characteristics of the non-oriented state are used to improve quality.

When Polymer B is heated to a temperature higher than its melting point to melt and then cooled forcibly or naturally, Polymer B solidifies. However, depending on the type of polymer B, it may be crystallized or it may be amorphous. Alternatively, a step may be added to actively crystallize. B/Rimmer's crystallized form 11
Although the characteristics of the fibers are different, the effect of the present invention is that the dB polymer is in a non-oriented state, and is not dependent on the presence or absence of crystallinity in the non-oriented state.

As the B polymer, HIRO polyester-based monopolymers, copolymers, and copolymers are used. Among these, aromatic polyesters, particularly terephthalic acid aromatic polyesters, are preferred. Although there are some polymers other than polyester that are somewhat effective, their effectiveness is not as good as that of Hiropolyester μ when quality and process efficiency are comprehensively considered. It is presumed that polyester is superior in terms of physical and mechanical performance of the polymer, thermal stability, and rumored moderate affinity with Mborimer.

The amount of B polymer in the fiber is 5~?
5 degrees, preferably 1.0 to 85 degrees, more preferably 1
5 to 75- is used. Below 5-, the effect of the presence of polymer B is small, while ? With 5Lsme, it is not possible to obtain excellent fibers that take advantage of the characteristics of the polymer.

Furthermore, the mbolimer or dB polymer may contain various additives commonly used in the mbolimer or B polymer. Furthermore, the mbolimer or dB polymer may be composed of two or more types of polymers that satisfy the requirements of the present invention. good.

The fiber of the present invention has a B d y mer fiber cross-sectional circumference of 401
below, desirably below a5os, more preferably below 20-
In the following, a material substantially free of monofilament and adhesion is used. It is not preferable that the fiber cross-sectional circumference of Polymer B be 4° because the monotissue tumor will stick to it during non-orientation thermal cycling of Polymer B. If the monowoven fibers stick together, the fibers will have special properties and textures, are undesirable for use in general, particularly high-grade textile products, and will have difficulty passing through subsequent processes.

However, for the purpose of obtaining special products, the monofilament-free fibers obtained by the present invention can be used for purposes of generating monofilament cohesion by adding special lamination and special post-processing. It is not intended to limit.

The cross-section of the composite spun fiber of the present invention may be a core type, a laminated type, or the like, but a concentric or eccentric single-core/6-sheath type or multi-8/6-sheath type with B polymer as the core is particularly preferred.

In order to make the B polymer in the composite spun fibers non-oriented, the oriented and crystallized composite spun fibers or L aggregates are heat-treated at a stage where it is no longer necessary for the B polymer to be oriented and crystallized. It is convenient to do so.

The heat treatment temperature is higher than the melting point of the B polymer, 20°C or higher than the melting point of the Cam polymer, preferably #i2S°C or higher,
More preferably, a temperature lower than 50° C. is used. B
If the melting point of the polymer is lower than that, the B polymer will not become non-oriented, and if the difference from the melting point of the mbolimer is less than 20°C, the crystallinity or orientation of the mbolimer will change significantly, resulting in a decline in quality or subsequent processability. This is not desirable because it causes Heat treatment may be performed in a relaxed state without applying tension to the fibers or their aggregates, but dimensional changes due to increased elongation and shrinkage occur, so constant length or limited shrinkage treatment may be performed under tension. It's disgusting to do that.

Next, the present invention will be explained using examples.

For the composite spun fibers in the examples, the polymer and B polymer were each fed into separate extruders, and a spin head for composite spinning was used,
It was obtained by spinning according to a conventional method and drawing to a maximum magnification of 0.75 to 0.a.

When using polymerized polymers in the examples, the copolymer composition was expressed as moA/-. It is also expressed as a composite specific weight part of Polymer B and Polymer B.

In addition, the polymer melting point in the examples was determined using a water difference thermal analyzer (D8C).
This is a value measured in nitrogen at a heating rate of 10° C./min. Furthermore, the fact that the used polymer is crystallizable is D8
Confirm the presence of crystallization or melting peaks in C or that transparent amorphous samples crystallize and turn white under appropriate conditions. [η] of Makubo ester is shown as the value after d-spinning when the special KJS 6 layer is used. Since it is difficult to measure the 〃〃 of polyester after spinning with composite spun fibers, the 〃〃 when spun alone under the same conditions can be used instead.

Example 1 Fjj? with a melting point of 255°C as a sheath component. (After spinning [ma] 0
．． 42) Using 40 parts of copolymerized polybutylene terephthalate (abbreviated as copolymerized PBT) consisting of 70 mol of terephthalic acid, 30 mol of isophthalic acid and 100 mol of butanedi r-/l/100 mol of terephthalic acid and having a melting point of 174°C as the 6 components, At a spinning head temperature of 29D''C, extrusion was carried out through the spinneret, winding was carried out at a rate of pang/min, and core-sheath composite spinning was performed.Then, the yarn was spun in a water bath at 85°C and 97°C so that the total magnification was 3.9 times.
It was stretched and further subjected to constant length heat treatment at 215°C. spinning,
The earth quality was good, with no traps in particular, and no adhesion between single fibers was observed. The obtained fiber has a strength of 2.5 f
/d, elongation of 27% (1), and had excellent performance as an anti-pill yarn. we disperse dye Re5ol ine Bl
When dyed with ue FBL at 115°C, a deep color could be obtained.

Comparative example 1 The drawn yarn strength of Example 1 before heat treatment was 5.29/d.

hD at elongation of 54%, Re5oJ 1neBl ae I
IBL TeQ Color was light to medium colored even at 1°.

Example 2 Cutting the drawn yarn of Example 1 into staples before heat treatment
L5drX58sw), conventional spinning was carried out.

There is no problem of entanglement in cards and filaments, and thread breakage in spinning.
The spinning threadability was good. The spun yarn is 210"
I did a heat set with C, and then did a lu-kyomai in the usual way. The resulting knitted fabric had anti-buildability properties of Ic1 Pilling Tenuto (20 hours) of grade 4 to 5, and was dyed in a deep color with a disperse dye. Also, there is no stalemate between J1m#i,
The texture was also good.

Comparative Example 2 Except that the heat set was done at 140”Q!
l! Spinning and threading were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2.

The pill resistance of the knitted fabric was 1st to 2nd grade, and the dyeing results with 1st disperse dye were light to medium colored.

! iv Example 5 *The mixed spun staple of Example 2 was mixed with cotton and the same weight ijk/
j! The yarn was spun into cotton and spun using the F method to obtain a spun yarn with no particular tofu pull. The spun yarn was then L-set at 215 DEG C. and expanded and contracted in a conventional manner. The nine knitted fabrics obtained had an antiviral property of 4 to 69, and no agglutination between the fibers was observed.

Comparative Example 5 Spinning and knitting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the heat and setting were carried out at 160°C, and the anti-build property was grade 1-2.

Comparative Example 4 A constant length heat-treated fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heat treatment was carried out at 245°C, but the fiber was brittle and had very low strength.

Comparative Example 5 A constant length heat-treated fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the heat treatment was performed at 161°C. Strength 5.59/d.

The elongation was 32, which was not suitable as an anti-pill system, and the staining results were light to medium colored.

Comparative example 6 50 parts of 71PICT used in Example 1 as a sheath component.

As a core component, 80 mol of Telef Jl# acid with a melting point of 97°C;
Copolymerized polyester 50 consisting of 207 cepatic acid, 70 mol of butanediol WSa, and 70 mol hequinanediol A
After core-sheath composite spinning and stretching, constant length heat treatment was performed at 150°C. Some loose thread breakage was observed during spinning, and some fuzz occurred during drawing. In addition, the obtained fibers seemed to lack stiffness.

Comparative Example 7 The PET 5Q part used in Example 1 was used as the sheath component, and 501 g of copolymerized FIT consisting of 90 moles of prephthalic acid with a melting point of 252°C, 10 moles of isophthalic acid, and 100 moles of ethylene glycol was used as the core component. After sheath composite spinning and stretching, capacity heat treatment was performed at 240°C. The obtained skin fibers had very low strength.

Comparative example 8 59 parts of PET used in Example 1 as a sheath component.

50 parts of polypropylene with a melting point of 161° C. was used as a core component, and fiber breakage occurred sporadically during core-sheath composite spinning. The resulting fibers were then heat-treated at 210°C under tension and dyed at 115°C to give a pale to medium color.

Comparative example using 50 parts of the PET used in Example 1 as a sheath component and 150 parts of amorphous polymethacrylate A'#Methi/l as a core component. -Core-sheath composite spinning and drawing were performed, but yarn breakage or There was fluffing, and the stretching ratio did not increase, and the spinning and stretching conditions were not good.

Comparative Example 10 50 parts of the PET used in Example 1 as a sheath component, and nylon-6 and nylon-6 with a melting point of 170°C as core components.
Using 50 parts of copolymerized nylon copolymerized with 6,6, core-sheath composite spinning, stretching, and constant length heat treatment at 210°C were performed.

Initially, the condition was good, but some yarn breakage was observed after a long period of time, and some fluffing or yarn breakage occurred over time during drawing. Also, the nine* lines obtained were rather difficult to read.

Example 4 PB with a melting point of 221°C as a sheath component? 70 parts, methylene terephthalate 5 with a melting point of 147°C as 6 components
After core-sheath composite spinning and stretching using 0 parts, 175°C
A heat treatment was performed at a fixed capacity. spinning.

Stretchability was good, with no particular top μ, and no single iron female locking 1 was observed. Obtained [#! is strength 2.5
It had a t/d and an elongation of 51-51, and was suitable for anti-pill systems and had high performance, and could be dyed in a deep color even at 95°C.

Comparative Example 11 The drawn yarn of Example 4 before heat treatment had a strength of 5. The elongation of zF/as is 47-, and the dyeing is only a medium color at 5°C, which is good.

5! Example 5 40 parts of polyester with a melting point of 280°C Tele7I ~ acid and cyclohequinane dimethanol as a sheath component, 8 components: Teleph spy@ismo with a melting point of 206°C ~, 22 mo/&/ of sepathic acid, ethylene Core-sheath composite spinning and stretching were performed using 60 parts of copolymerized PILT consisting of glyco-100 molybdenum and a heat treatment @ 2' at 15°C. The processability was good, and no single weave sticking was observed. The obtained JIJl had a strength of 2.1 f/d and an elongation of 26-, and had suitable performance as an anti-pilling system.

Comparative example 12 The drawn yarn of Example 5 before heat treatment had a strength of 5.697 d.

The elongation was 57%.

Example 6 650 parts of nylon having a melting point of 216°C as a sheath component, and 100 moles of nylon having a melting point of 128°C as a core component.

Using 1 vso part of a copolymerized polyester consisting of butanedio-A1507 and hexanedio-707, core-sheath composite spinning and stretching were performed, followed by constant length heat treatment at 160°C. The spinnability is good, and after the stretching time has elapsed,
Although it was not enough to cause a large tear, some thread breakage occurred. The obtained fiber has a strength of 2.211/, 1 and an elongation of 28
It was a little loud, and I felt like my hips were lacking.

Comparative example 1s The drawn yarn of Example 6 before heat treatment had a strength of 4.79/d.

The elongation was 31-.

Example 7 Using 60 parts of low polymerization degree PICT (after spinning [η) 0.42] with a melting point of 255°C as a sheath component and 40 parts of copolymerized PIIT used in Example 1, core-sheath composite spinning was carried out, followed by stretching at 215°C. Perform fixed length heat treatment, especially at the top of the process.
A fiber was obtained which could be dyed in a deep color at 115° C. with a strength of z and an elongation of 2Va*22.

Comparative example 14 The drawn yarn of Example 7 before heat treatment had a strength of 4.41/d.

The elongation was 57-, and the dyeability was light to medium color.

Comparative example 15 Spinning using only the low polymerization degree PET of Example 7.

When stretching was carried out, fibers were sometimes cut or fuzz was generated, and the processability was not good.

Example 8 The drawn yarn of Example 7 before heat treatment was cut into Sday-7'Iv41 (cut) and spun using a conventional method, and the process permeability was good. The IO of the obtained knitted material was set and knitted by a conventional method.
The antiviral property according to I Pilling Tess (20:00 review) is 4.
It was grade 5 and I was able to dye it a deep color with disperse dye.

There was no sticking of the maku textiles and the texture was good.

Comparative example 16 Comparative example! When the drawn yarn of No. 5 was cut into staple μ and spun, the entanglement of cards and filaments was poor, and yarn breakage occurred during spinning, resulting in poor spinnability.

Example 9 Pentaerythritome A/with a melting point of 254°C as a sheath component
0.5 mo/&/copolymerized PICT (after spinning [η) 0.
45) 60s, 65 mofi/terephthalic acid with a melting point of 165°C as a core component, 157 iso7 acid, 2 cepacic acid
0 mo/I/, butanedio-N100 mo~
Pn'r41) part was used for core-sheath composite spinning, stretching, and constant length heat treatment at 205°C, resulting in a strength of 2. A fiber capable of deep color dyeing at 115° C. and an elongation of 18 g was obtained. The spinning and drawing properties were good, and no adhesion between the fibers was observed even after heat aging.

Comparative example 17 The drawn yarn strength of Example 9 before heat treatment was 4.11'/d.

The elongation was 54 degrees, and the dyeability was light to medium color.

Comparative Example 18 Spinning and drawing were performed using only the bentaerythritome μ copolymerized rET of Example t. Occasional fiber breakage or fluffing occurred, and processability was not good.

Example 10 Copolymerized PET with a melting point of 250°C as a sheath component (after spinning)
．． 40) 40 parts, melting point 17 as core component? 65 mol of terephthalic acid, ethylene glyco-fi/407~
, using 40 parts of butanedio-A/40 to 40 parts of copolymerized polyester A/2! H sheath composite spinning, grinding 2
Constant length heat treatment was performed at 10°C, and the strength was 2.2Vd.

Obtain a fiber that can be dyed in deep colors at 115°C with an elongation of 18.

Note that the spinning and drawing properties were good), and no sticking between the weaves was observed during heat treatment (m*).

Comparison example 1? The drawn yarn of Example 10 before heat treatment has a strength of 4.2 f/(i
.

The elongation was 55-, and the dyeability was light to medium color.

Patent applicant: Kenkinshari Agent: Patent attorney himself: Tate

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (Li) Mudymer in an oriented crystallized state with a melting point of 200-350°C, and a polyester l&/yarn B polymer with a melting point of 100-230°C, which is 20°C higher than that of Mudymer. is a composite spun fiber in which the B polymer has a cross-sectional circumference of 40 or less, and the 19B podamer is in a non-oriented state after heat treatment. Claims characterized in that * (1) the melt-mixed spinuloma (5) wherein the aromatic polyester has a 1 repeat structure ratio of 75
(4) The polyester in which 757 to -1 or more of the repeating structural units are ethylene terephthalate has a maximum Mffi
A patent characterized in that it is a polyester copolymerized with Boriesde μ of less than o, s, sulfoisof5, acid residue copolyester, polyester copolymerized with a multifunctional thickening agent, and polyester containing thickening powder. Claim a II!
Composite spun fiber (5) as described in item (s): Mborimer in an oriented crystallized state with a melting point of 200 to 350°C, and a polyester with a melting point of 100 to 2 s o ”c and lower than that of Mborimer by 20°C or more The system B polymer and the Marzo cross section of B poly!- are 40-
Composite spinning is carried out so that the fibers are spun in an oriented crystallized state by grinding, and then heat treated in a subsequent step at a temperature higher than the melting point of polymer B and at least 20°C lower than the melting point of polymer B. (6) A method for producing a composite spun fiber characterized in that the polymer is made into a non-granified state 1. A method for producing a composite spun fiber according to claim (5), characterized in that the heat treatment is performed under tension. Method