JPS591136A - Control method of main shaft speed change gear for nc lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To alleviate the load of a workman and prevent any of his mistake by automatically selecting an appropriate stage of speed change from two high and low stages correspondingly to a required range of main shaft rotational speed. CONSTITUTION:In case the maximum value in the range of a reguired rotational speed is smaller than the maximum rotational speed of a low speed stage or in case the minimum value in the range of the required rotational speed is smaller than the minimum rotational speed of a high speed stage, the low speed stage is selected. Different from the above, in case more than a predetermined ratio of the range of required rotational speed overlaps the range of a main shaft rotational speed of the low speed stage, the low speed stage is selected. In only such case as everything is inapplicable to the above, the high speed stage is selected.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a dNcIC lathe shaft transmission control method.
1.

Conventionally, in IC lathes, it has been common to use a variable speed type motor J (DC or MUC) as the spindle drive motor, but it has the disadvantage that the output decreases in the low speed range.This has been resolved. In order to do this, a method is adopted in which a transmission is inserted between the 4-1 and the main shaft.

However, when using a transmission with multiple gears, it is necessary to select the optimal gear, and conventional MC@
On the board, this work is done by the operator, but this work is very tedious and has the disadvantage that input errors are inevitable.

Therefore, this invention is a book that automatically selects the optimum gear A based on the processing information of the workpiece.

The configuration of the present invention will be explained below with reference to an actual example shown in Figure rfJ.

First of all, the NC lathe has an input device, tl! The machine is equipped with a computer consisting of a device, an arithmetic unit, a control device, and an output device, and machining information, tool information, etc. are input through the input device, and the workpiece chucked on the spindle is independently machined.

The above machining information includes the shape of the workpiece (external cutting, internal cutting,
(thread cutting, grooving, rough machining, rough finishing machining, finishing machining, etc.)
, dimensions (dimensions in the main axis direction and radial direction), and cutting conditions (cutting speed, depth of cut, whether or not the circumferential speed is constant, etc.) are input for each machining process.

As shown in Fig. 1, the gearbox of the MC lathe that we are targeting now is as shown in Figure 1.
It is assumed that there are two gear stages, high and low, and that the high speed gear of each main shaft rotating siege is defined as 1 to □ gsa g2@f-.

However, IM + motor maximum rotation failure (r, p, 臘) gl + gear ratio of i speed (ゝ-ta 1 o 1 g number 7 spindle rotation failure) g2. II (gl) g2) K+ of the high speed stage is the ratio of the maximum rotational speed to the minimum rotational speed of the motor in the constant output region (mo/minimum rotational speed-/K).

Then, the MC calculation device calculates the required rotational speed of the main spindle necessary for machining from the input machining shape of the workpiece, radial dimension of the machining position, and cutting speed.

The procedure will be explained below using the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, the process number N is set to limQ in the 1st number initial setting step (1), and then the process number '8 setting step (
In step 2), the factory number is set as N-M+IL, and then in confirmation step 1B), the center that has data for the process is confirmed, and if the answer is "NO", an end signal (RBT) is sent. Usually [7@! Since it is lJ, it is confirmed in the confirmation step (4) whether or not "constant circumferential speed" is specified in the N process. In other words, when the machined shape is a tapered shape or an arc shape, if the spindle rotation speed is constant, the circumferential speed will change in proportion to the size of the radius, and in order to prevent the machining accuracy from changing in each part, For these shapes, the peripheral speed is specified to be constant.

When the above confirmation step (4) is ``yes J,'' the maximum value (r
The minimum input value (rmin) is selected and temporarily stored, and if it is "γ・-" in the next confirmation step (6), then in the calculation step (7), both RMA and HR17+ are determined as rmax, The calculation is stored as rwin-""earth 5-tan, and the process is moved to the next calculation step fill.0 Incidentally, when j No J is determined in the above confirmation step (6), the process is immediately moved to the calculation step (81).

In the above calculation step (8), the minimum rotation speed n1 of the N process
(r, p, m) and the maximum rotational speed "1l (r, p, m) are calculated and stored as "rwax nH,, 500V π"win, respectively.

However, V + input peripheral speed (cutting speed) m/mtnπ
:Pi Then, in step (9), confirm whether the seven previous factories, that is, the JJ-IJ engineering authority, are in the same group.

The above-mentioned same group means the same processing mode, and is divided into groups such as "outer diameter cutting", "inner diameter cutting", "front cutting", "groove cutting", and "thread cutting".

In addition, if "NO" in step (4) to confirm that the circumferential speed is constant,
That is, when the constant circumferential speed is not specified in the N process, the input rotation speed n (r, p, m) is set as both nL and nH in the setting step (10), and the confirmation step (9).

If "Ladle" is selected in the confirmation step (9), the setting step (
11) to the minimum rotation speed nL in the same group) and the maximum between @flr, nH (g respectively, NZ, (1) -nl
s ”H (set as k−nH).

However, in the confirmation step (8), when "y@si J", in the confirmation step (lfi) Compare the magnitude relationship and nL)> If nL is [yesJ, that is, the current nL force is small, then proceed to the next setting step (I bite to set nl, (b) - nL, and when rNOJ, Setting step Q1 is skipped and the process immediately proceeds to the next confirmation step α threat.

In the confirmation step α, the maximum rotational speed nH of the N process and the previous maximum rotational speed nH in the same group is compared with the maximum rotational speed nH of the N process, and it is determined that na(IiQ(nH is
yea", that is, if the current nH is larger, set it as nfL (→-nH) in the next setting step α, and set it as "NO
'', the setting step ae is skipped and the process immediately proceeds to the next pseudo process number setting step 04, where N=N.

Then, in the next confirmation step 0, the next step is (M+
1) Check whether the processes are in the same group, r 71
If it is 1i1 J, return to the first factory number '8 casting step (21) and repeat the same process.

That is, from step (2) to step 0'4f, the maximum rotation speed nR (complementary and minimum rotation speed n
L) (in other words, the required rotational speed range of the main shaft). Therefore, the maximum number of revolutions nH for each processing material
In calculating the minimum number of revolutions nL, when the processes of the same group are continuous, the above process is repeated, and as a result, the maximum VC times for each group @ nH (to) and the minimum The rotational speed nI, and ) are calculated.

Then, when the seven groups are completed, the confirmation step Q
In η, a judgment of "No J" is issued, and the next Mitsubishi selection step umKd is performed to select the optimum gear for the required I rotation speed *nH (→ to nL) for that group. It will be destroyed.

When the gear position of the group is selected in the above-mentioned step selection step, the next step is O and N.
The selected mission stage number is written in the process (i.e. N process), and in the next confirmation step (N-1) process (i.e.
It is checked whether the processes before / of the N process are in the same group, and if [y@5j7), the process number setting step 31
) are set as H, . That is, ``If processes in the same group are consecutive, the number of mission steps in the processes in that group are all the same. The reason for doing this is that machining within the same group is often performed consecutively, and in the case of a transmission, it takes time to change gears when moving from 7 steps to the next step.
This is because variable interlocking 1D may be delayed and machining accuracy may deteriorate.

When the writing of the mission stage numbers for all 1st units in the same group is completed, the confirmation step - is ``NO''.
”, and in order to perform the same process again for the next group, return to the first process number setting step (2), and repeat the above operation until all processes are completed. Therefore, when all the processes are completed and the processing returns to the next process and comes to the confirmation step (3), since there is no data for the next process, the end signal (RjBT) is output and the process ends. .

The above explanation is based on the case where the required rotational speed range of the main shaft is calculated for each group, but in the case of a transmission in which the gear shifting operation is performed at high speed, the required rotational speed range for each gear is calculated. This allows selection to be made on a case-by-case basis.

Next, the procedure for selecting the missing item in the missing item selection step +18 will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, a comparison is made between the step (maximum rotational speed nH input with @) and 1 nHpQ≦-1, which indicates the high rotation speed of the main shaft in the low speed gear, and if "y@-", the low speed instruction is In step (to), a low speed gear is selected.

If ``No'' is answered in Step 1, then the minimum rotation speed nL (→ and the minimum spindle rotation speed in high speed stage -) obtained previously in step 3 is g2°K nshi (to). □ A comparison is made with ga*, and when it is "y・-", a low gear is selected, and when it is "MO", it is determined whether or not the machining of the group (or 1 yang) is finishing machining. It is confirmed in the confirmation step 124, and when ry" J, the high speed gear is selected in the high speed instruction step (to). However, when the confirmation step (to) is "NO", the comparison step 12 η ("mH--'-jXC≦"-nx, (AQgl
gl is compared, and when "y・-", the selection is made to a low speed gear, and when "NO", the selection is made to a high speed gear.
In the above formula, C is a high/low speed selection coefficient υ; increasing C gives priority to high speed gears, and decreasing C gives priority to low speed gears.

This means that if the machining of the group (or machining fA) is rough machining or rough finishing machining rather than finishing, the ratio at which the required spindle speed range overlaps with the low speed speed range is a predetermined value. ), so in rough machining and rough finishing machining, even if the required rotation speed range is not satisfied in the high speed range, depending on the case, it is better to rotate at the low speed gear. This is because it is preferable that the main shaft torque be large.

In short, as mission selection criteria, in this practical example, 1) Don't turn the input circumference speed too fast.

Rotation jl) + possible key, use constant output range (low speed gear priority) 0 3) If either is acceptable, rough cutting, rough finishing, writing, output (torque) priority (low speed gear priority) finishing... - High-speed priority (high-speed gear priority) 4) Do not perform mission shifts within the same group. (In the case of a transmission that takes time to shift) Glue items are taken into consideration.

In response to a gear change command based on the gear position set in this manner, an appropriate actuator such as a hydraulic pressure, a motor, or an electromagnet is operated to automatically change the gear position of the transmission.

As explained above, the present invention is a method for controlling a main spindle transmission of an MC lathe in which a transmission consisting of two stages, high and low, is inserted between a motor and a main spindle, and the main spindle rotation required when machining a workpiece. The rotation speed range is calculated based on the input machining information, and if the maximum value of the required rotation speed range is smaller than the main shaft rotation speed range of the lower gear of the transmission, or the minimum value of the required rotation &* is If the spindle rotation speed range of the high speed gear is smaller than the spindle rotation speed range, set the low speed gear as the gear for the relevant machining, and ensure that the maximum value of the required rotation speed range is greater than the maximum value of the spindle rotation speed range of the low speed gear, and
If the minimum shift of the required rotation speed range is larger than the minimum value of the main shaft rotation speed range of the high speed gear, then if the required rotation speed range is equal to or more than a predetermined ratio with the spindle rotation speed range of the low speed gear, the shift is set to low speed. The gear is set by increasing the speed of the relevant machining, and if the overlap is less than a predetermined value, the high speed is set as the gear of the relevant machining. There is no problem of output drop during processing, and the machining shape of the workpiece can be changed easily.
Since the optimum gear stage can be automatically selected based on the dimensions and cutting conditions, it reduces the burden on the operator and prevents input errors, making it an excellent method for controlling the spindle transmission of this type of NC lathe. It is possible to demonstrate performance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gear ratio of the high and low two stages of the present invention and the spindle speed, Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing a specific example of the nine control force method of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the main points of mission 1 selection in FIG. 2; NicoNicoNigotill@ノ′ //

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 11) A method for controlling a spindle transmission of an IC lathe in which a transmission consisting of two high and low stages is inserted between a motor and a spindle, which method is capable of controlling the spindle rotation required when machining a workpiece. rotate&
If the maximum value of this required rotation speed range is smaller than the main shaft rotation speed range of the low speed gear of the transmission, or the minimum value of the required rotation speed range is calculated based on the input machining information, If the spindle rotation and rotation are small, set the low gear as the gear for the relevant machining, and set the maximum value in the required rotation speed range J. is larger than the maximum value of the spindle rotation speed range of the low speed gear (and if the minimum value of the required rotation speed range is larger than the minimum value of the spindle rotation speed range of the high speed gear), If the predetermined ratio or more overlaps with the spindle rotation speed range of the low gear, the low gear will be set as the gear for the relevant machining, and if the overlap is less than the predetermined value, the high gear will be set as the gear for the relevant machining. A spindle transmission control method for an IC lathe (as described in item 11), characterized in that the maximum value of the required rotation speed range is the spindle rotation speed of a low gear stage. If the maximum value of the range is larger than the minimum value of the required rotation speed range and the minimum value of the required rotation speed range is smaller than the minimum value of the number range in the main axis direction of the high speed stage, it is further determined whether the machining is finishing or not, and In the case of machining, the high speed gear is used as the gear for the machining, regardless of whether the required rotation speed range overlaps with the spindle rotation speed range of the low speed gear.
: A method for controlling a spindle transmission of an IC lathe, which is characterized by setting.