JPS59200073A - Streamlining method of watercourse at runner inlet of cross flow water turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve water turbine efficiency at the time of partial load operation, in connection with the streamlining methods of watercourses at the runner inlet of a cross flow water turbine, by changing a divergent flow at a conduit situated downstream from a guide vane into a convergent flow during partial load operation. CONSTITUTION:A stationary streamlining plate 51 fixed with respect to a conduit is provided between the back and downstream side of a guide vane and an outer periphery of a runner 2. This streamlining plate 51 is formed in such a manner that, when the guide vane 1 is full open, a conduit between the guide vane 1 and another vane 4 is almost closed while a watercourse between the guide vane 1 and a casing 3 is reduced as it approaches a periphery of a runner 2 and that, when the guide vane 1 is partly opened, air 52 is supplied to a conduit located more upstream than the plate 51 and guide vane 1 so that a watercourse in the upstream region is converged as it comes near the runner 2. With this contrivance, loss caused by a divergent flow is eliminated, thereby improving water turbine efficiency at the time of partial load operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This runner is swingably supported in the inlet waterway to the 8Ak"L horizontal shaft runner, and the inlet waterway is divided into an upper waterway and a lower waterway, and the flowing water in the inlet waterway is divided into an upper waterway and a lower waterway. Regarding the rectification method of the runner inlet waterway of a crossflow turbine equipped with a guide vane that guides the runner and controls the flow rate by rocking, it is particularly important to improve the efficiency of the turbine during partial load operation. This is what I did.

Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 show conventional embodiments; Figure 1 is a sectional view of the main part of the water turbine along the horizontal axis, showing the guide vane in a fully open state; is A-A in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the main part of the runner shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the water turbine along the horizontal axis showing the guide vane in a partially open state. It is a diagram.

This horizontal axis p-spf--water wheel 20 has an upper casing 3
A flow channel is formed by the lower casing 4 and the side walls 5 and 6, and the runner 2 and the kite vane 1 are arranged within the flow channel. Runner 2 consists of multiple curved plates/
The shaft 24 is pivotally supported by the side wall 5.6, and a generator (not shown) is attached to one end of the shaft 24. There is.

The kite vane 1 is located upstream of the elanna 2, and the side wall 5
, 6, and the shaft portion 9 at one end is connected to a servo motor via a kite arm and a tunoid link (not shown), and the opening and closing of the guide vane 1 is controlled by the operation of this servo motor.

With the above configuration, when the guide vane 1 is fully opened as shown in FIG. /
The blades 21'aj 11 and 12 pass in the direction of the arrows and the runner 2'? :13 Rotate to the direction of the arrow.

In general, the effective head during operation is the (・lever condition) (the flow rate passing through the water turbine is at its maximum, and the turbine output is also at its maximum).

On the other hand, FIG. 4 shows a partially open state of the kite vane 1, and shows a state in which the kite vane 1 is rotated counterclockwise -1 from the fully open state of the power kite vane 1 shown in FIG.

When the guide vane 71 is partially open, the flow rate passing through the water turbine is smaller than when the guide vane 1 is fully open, and the output of the water turbine at this time is less than when the guide vane 1 is fully open.
h becomes thinner. This condition is called partial load operation.

Such a horizontal axis glue p-water wheel 20 K (1 te,
During partial load operation, the flow in the lower water channel 8 of the kite vane structurally becomes a gradually expanding flow between the guide vane 1 and the runner 2, as shown in FIG. The flow that normally flows into the runner 2 should be designed to have a gradual contraction even during partial load operation, but this is structurally impossible, and the flow of the lower water channel 8 of the kite vane 1 during partial load operation is structurally impossible. Loss due to gradual spreading flow increases (This is one major cause of the loss, and the efficiency of the water turbine during partial load operation decreases rapidly compared to the efficiency of the water turbine during full load operation as shown in Figure 1. Then, there is a weak point.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned 7+ drawbacks, changes the gradually expanding flow in the lower channel of the guide vane during partial load operation to a gradually contracting flow, eliminates the loss due to gradually expanding flow, and improves the efficiency of the water turbine during partial load operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for rectifying a runner inlet waterway of a crossflow turbine, which can improve the flow rate.

According to the present invention, the above object is achieved by being swingably supported in an inlet waterway to a horizontal shaft runner, dividing the inlet waterway into an upper waterway and a lower waterway, and directing water in the inlet waterway to the runner. Equipped with a kite vane that guides and controls the flowing water by rocking; q7. A method for rectifying the inlet waterway of a flow turbine, in which a fixed baffle plate fixed to the waterway is provided between the downstream back surface of the guide vane and the periphery of the runner, and the baffle plate is connected to the kite vane when the kite vane is fully opened. The water channel between the rear surface of the runner is almost closed, and the lower water channel is formed so as to gradually contract toward the periphery of the runner, and when the guide vane is partially opened, the upper water channel near the current plate and the kite vane is formed. 1 is achieved by supplying air to cause the water flow 7 in the upper channel to contract 5 towards the runner.

Embodiments of the present invention will be explained below based on the drawings. FIGS. 5 and 6 show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the flow turbine wall section, and a cross-sectional view of the cross-flow turbine section 9 on the horizontal axis showing the equaid vanes in a partially open state. 51 is a curved fixed current plate, between the periphery of the inlet of the runner 2 and the position where it almost touches the downstream back surface of the bride vane 1 when it is fully opened. The upper channel 7 of the guide vane when the Jf guide vane is fully opened is fixed to the side wall on both end faces.
7.C has no effect on the flow of the lower waterway 8.
During full load operation at zero, the water turbine efficiency is not affected by the fixed baffle plate 51 (conventional efficiency can be ensured).

With the above configuration, when the guide vane is partially opened as shown in FIG. 6, the fixed current plate 51 ensures gradual contraction of the water flow in the lower water channel 8 of the power vane, eliminating loss due to gradual expansion. be able to. In addition, a space is generated between the upper water channel 70 of the kite vane, the tunoid vane 1, and the fixed rectifier plate 51, but an appropriate amount of air 52 is inserted into this space according to the degree of closure of the tunoid vane 1 (-a water regulating valve, etc.). By supplying water through the J:9, the flow in the upper water channel 7 of the guide vane is not disturbed.Therefore, the efficiency of the water turbine during partial load operation of the cross flow water turbine 50 can be improved.

As described above, the present invention provides a fixed baffle plate fixed to the water channel between the downstream back surface of the kite vane and the periphery of the runner. the waterway is substantially closed, and the lower waterway is formed so as to gradually contract toward the periphery of the runner,
When the kite vane is partially opened, air is supplied to the baffle plate and the upper water channel near the kite vane, and the water flow in the upper water channel is gradually contracted toward the runner. This improves the efficiency of the water turbine, especially under partial load. It is possible to provide a method for rectifying a runner inlet waterway of a crossflow turbine that can improve characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 show conventional embodiments, and Figure 1 shows the guide vane in a fully open state.
1 Cosfu - A sectional view of the main part of the water turbine, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the main part in the direction of arrows A and -A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 j6 J:
Figures 2 and 2 are perspective views of the runner mounting section, and Figure 4 is a perspective view of the runner mounting section.
5 and 6 show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG.
Figure 6 shows the kite vane in a partially open state, and is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the horizontal axis cross-flow water turbine. , 7...Upper channel, 8...Lower channel, 50...Rip water wheel, 5...Fixed current plate, 52...Air. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A 1-inch horizontal shaft is swingably supported within the inlet waterway to the runner, and divides the inlet waterway into an upper waterway and a lower waterway, and guides the flowing water in the inlet waterway to the runner. A method for rectifying an inlet waterway of a crossflow turbine equipped with a guide vane that controls the amount of water flowing through the waterway by swinging, the method comprising: A fixed baffle plate is provided (the baffle plate is formed so that when the kite vane is fully opened, the water channel between it and the back surface of the kite vane is almost closed, and the lower water channel gradually contracts toward the periphery of the runner, A runner inlet of a cross-flow turbine, characterized in that when a guide vane is partially opened, air is supplied to the upper water channel near the current plate and the kite vane, so that the water flow in the upper water channel is gradually contracted toward the runner. Method for straightening a waterway. 2. A method for straightening a runner inlet waterway of a cross-flow water turbine, characterized in that the amount of air supplied is adjusted according to the degree of closure of the guide vane, in the method set forth in claim 1. .