JPS5983832A - Combining method and device of ball bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain products of high quality with combination gap of excellent precision by measuring diameter of grooves for inner and outer rings and also dimensions of a ball and storing a large number of rings. CONSTITUTION:Diameter of grooves of inner and outer rings conveyed are measured in order, then said rings are stored and positions of storage are memorized along with dimensions A1-B1.... When there appears congruence of a radial gap E with a target gap value G with respect to the inner and outer rings in storage and also balls C1..., both rings concerned are taken out from storing positions and combined with predetermined balls. If there is no combination of E=G, inner and outer rings with a radial gap E, which is most approximate to the target gap value G, among the plural number of combinations admissible in assembly allowance a-b with respect to all the inner and outer rings stored and balls C1..., are taken out from storing positions and combined with predetermined balls. By employing such a combining method, quality of a product can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for assembling inner and outer rings and balls of a ball bearing, which are configured to assemble and manufacture high-quality ball bearings with little variation in accuracy.

As is well known, ball bearings are manufactured by measuring the dimensions of the inner groove diameter A of the outer ring 1 and the outer groove diameter B of the inner ring 2, as shown in Fig. 1, and calculating the difference in dimensions to determine the radial clearance E within a predetermined tolerance. Balls 3 having a diameter C within the range of values are selected and these balls are assembled between the inner and outer rings to manufacture the ball.

Various methods have been proposed in the past for automatically assembling and manufacturing such ball bearings.

All of these are from the viewpoint of how the weeping fit rate can be increased.

For example, one of them is the so-called random matching method, in which a large number of types 2, for example, more than 20 types of balls with different diameters are matched to one specific outer ring and one inner ring to be measured and calculated. By being prepared, you can
Combinations are possible even if there is some variation in the dimensions of the outer ring.
This is intended to increase the mating rate. Another method for further increasing the fitting rate is the "Automatic assembly method of 13 different parts" published in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-516 or No. 57-25332. In the method shown here, the number of inner and outer rings to be measured and calculated is one versus multiple, or multiple versus multiple, and prepared balls with different diameters are randomly matched. As with 20 or so types, the number of calculations for the inner and outer rings increases, resulting in possible fitting combinations.

That is, it is assumed that there will be a plurality of combinations of inner/outer rings and balls in which the above-mentioned radial clearance E falls within the allowable range. Therefore, the above two inventions set standards for specifically determining which inner and outer rings and balls to combine from among these multiple fitable pairs, but basically, if they are not combined now, they will not be combined in the future. The inner and outer circles have few opportunities to interact with each other.

For example, an attempt is made to increase the fitting rate by combining the inner and outer rings that are located toward the bottom of the dimensional distribution. Furthermore, the invention proposed in JP-A-51-20172 ``Method and Apparatus for Automatic Assembly of Parts'' relates to the order of calculations between a large number of stored inner and outer rings and several types of prepared ball groups. Also in this method, no specific proposals have been made other than to increase the mating rate.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the radial clearance of ball bearings assembled by the above-described conventional method and the number of combinations. In other words, if the lower limit of the allowable radial clearance is α and the upper limit is 6, as is clear from Figure 9, when a large number of ball bearings are assembled and manufactured, the combined quantity corresponding to each radial clearance E is averaged. Ru. This means that in the conventional method, when there are multiple pairs that can be combined within the radial clearance tolerance range α to b as a result of calculation, the criteria for determining which pairs are finally combined is simply as described above. Since the purpose is only to increase the fitting rate, the radial clearance E of the resulting combination is randomly generated between 0 and 6.

Normally, the lower limit α and upper limit value of the allowable radial clearance mentioned above are −α and +β (not necessarily 1 α1 =
1β1). Therefore, it goes without saying that a ball bearing having a radial clearance E far from the target clearance value G and close to the lower limit value α or the upper limit value is a product of poor quality. However, in the conventional method, as mentioned above, the combined quantity of ball bearings corresponding to each radial plow iH ends up being averaged over y, which cannot meet the demand for better quality. Met. In addition.

The shaded area in Figure 2 indicates the number of ball bearings combined exceeding the upper and lower limits α and h due to variations in measured values, etc., and these are mixed into the finished product. As a result, reliability in quality had to deteriorate further.

The present invention solves the drawbacks of the conventional method as described above, and while maintaining a high fitting rate, the radial clearance E when the three parts of the outer ring, inner ring, and ball are combined is reduced to the target clearance value G.
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for assembling and manufacturing high-quality ball bearings with little variation in accuracy by combining items that are equal to or as close to this as possible.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

In the present invention, the groove diameters of the inner and outer rings that are continuously transported are sequentially measured, and a large number of these are stored, and the storage position (stocker address) and dimensions A, -A2, etc.
...keg, B, -B2...Store B7L. Then, the diameters of the groups of balls prepared in advance are C1, C2,
....CP, and the stored inner and outer rings and balls C1, C2...A-(B+2C) for CP
=B is calculated sequentially, and when a radial clearance -iE that matches the clearance target value G appears.

In other words, if there is E=o, stop the subsequent calculations,
The inner and outer rings are taken out from the storage position and combined with a predetermined ball. If the combination E2G does not exist, all the stored inner and outer rings and balls C1, C2, etc.
The same calculation as above is performed for the song CP, and the inner and outer rings having the radial clearance E closest to the target clearance value G are taken out from the storage position from among the multiple combinations falling between 0 and 6 and combined with a predetermined ball. . If such a combination method is adopted, a distribution curve of the radial clearance E and the combination quantity as shown in FIG. 3 will be obtained. In other words, a peak occurs at the target gap value G, and there are a large number of combinations of the two with good quality. However, as described above, due to measurement errors, there is a risk that a small value outside the upper and lower limits α and h may occur as shown by diagonal lines. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 4, a point α/ close to A and G, and a point b' close to A and υG are set, and if the radial clearance E is between α and α' or between hI and the combinations are continuous. If this occurs a set number of times, an alarm is issued or one machine is stopped, and the stored inner and outer rings are replaced. Prevent the occurrence.

It is also possible to assemble ball bearings of even higher quality according to the present invention.

When combining multiple inner/outer rings and multiple balls, the balls are selected from the target clearance value G or a combination close to G and are sent out. It is anticipated that there will be some residual material that will deteriorate the mating conditions. Therefore, in the present invention, when storing the inner and outer rings, the order of storage is memorized and the oldest one is discharged as appropriate, thereby improving the probability that the stored items can be combined and preventing misfitting. This is possible by taking measures to prevent this from occurring. In addition, a high-performance computer is required to store a large number of inner and outer rings and perform many-to-many calculations within a short time. Calculations with the inner ring or vice versa can also be performed as described above.

Next, an example of an apparatus for carrying out the above-described method of the present invention will be described. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the outer rings are fed one by one from the outer ring supply device 4 through the chute 5 to the inside of the standby position l. On the other hand, a large number of inner rings are skewered onto a vertically erected steel wire, fed one by one from the supply section 6, and sent to the standby position l. A handling device 7 is provided at the center of the device so that it can move up and down and rotate 900 degrees reciprocatingly. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of this no-ndling device 7, in which two rotating shafts 8 are provided with three arms 9, 10° 11 at intervals of 90°, and arms 9 and 11 are arranged at 90° intervals.
and are arranged on a straight line. And arms 9 and 10
Below the inner and outer ring holding parts 12.13 and 14., respectively.
15 is installed facing downward, and simultaneously holds and releases the inner and outer rings according to commands. The arm 11 is similarly provided with inner and outer ring holding parts 16 and 17.

The vertical movement mechanism 18 of the inner ring holding portion 16 is provided perpendicularly to the arm 11.

The no-end ring device 7 descends with respect to the inner and outer rings, which are currently in the 1st position, and the inner and outer ring holding parts 12 and 13 of the arm 9 operate to hold them, and then rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise to
Place the inner and outer rings in position.

Arm 9 returns to the 1st position. At position 11, pick up the inner and outer rings, rotate the measuring section to position ■ where the measuring device is installed in the front of Fig. 5, and after the measurement is completed, rotate it 180 degrees to position ■.
A measuring disk 19 is provided which rotates the inner and outer rings by .degree. and returns the inner and outer rings to the ■ position. After being returned to the position (2), the handling device 7 is lowered relative to the inner and outer rings, and the inner and outer rings are held by the holding portions 14 and 15 of the arm 10 and sent to the storage position 11I by rotating 90° counterclockwise. Two concentric storage wheels 20, 21 are provided here, each rotatable on command. And further rotated 90 degrees to the IV position,
A storage mechanism is provided that combines the inner and outer rings.

Figure 8 shows an example of the combination mechanism, in which only the outer ring 1 is placed on the plate 22 placed at the IV position.

The plate 22 hooks the outer ring 1 on its left protrusion and moves to the right in the figure to be directly below the inner ring 2. Here, inner ring holding part 1
The vertical movement mechanism 18 that supports the inner ring 2 operates to move the inner ring 2 to the outer ring 1.
The combined inner and outer rings are selected and stored in the storage mechanism 23 according to the ball diameter used in the calculation. For this purpose, pallets 24 of ball reverse printing are stacked vertically, and these are combined with a predetermined pallet 24 by an elevating mechanism that moves up and down according to commands, and the inner and outer rings are fed.

In this way, the inner and outer rings at the 1 position are moved to the ■ position by the reciprocating rotation of the handling device 7 by 90 degrees, and after the measurement is performed at the ■ position, they are returned to the ■ position again, and this is changed to the ■ position.
While being moved to the position and stored, the inner and outer rings are fed out and combined and stored at the ■ position. At this time, the operation is carried out continuously, and the inner and outer rings from the position (3) are put into the empty seats taken out for combination from the storage side wheels 20, 21 at the position (2) and stored.

The groove diameters of the inner and outer rings are measured, and if any of them fail (outside the allowable dimensions), they are discharged from the system at position ■. For this purpose, holes with a diameter larger than the diameter of the inner and outer rings are provided at one address in each of the storage rings 20 and 21 of the inner and outer rings for the inner and outer rings to pass through. The storage wheels 20 and 21 are rotated to position the hole at the position (3), and the rejected products are discharged from the system. In addition, the discharge of the old ones that still remain after a predetermined number of combinations among the stored inner and outer rings is provided separately at the position (2) or the position (1v). In addition, in order to store a large number of only one of the inner and outer rings and bring in one of the other rings to perform a one-to-many combination, the number of storage rings may be reduced to one.

With the device shown above, a large number of inner and outer rings can be stored,
This is because combinations with many types of balls can be made with the target clearance value G as the target.

Compared to conventional ball bearings, high quality products can be produced continuously.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional plan view of a ball bearing, Figure 2 is a diagram of the relationship between radial clearance and combination quantity according to the conventional method, and Figure 3
, 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between radial clearance and combination quantity according to the method of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a side view. Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the handling device;
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a combination mechanism. 4: Outer ring supply device 6: Inner ring feed device 7: Handling device 9.10.11: Arms 12, 13.1
4.15.16.17: Inner and outer ring holding parts 18: Vertical movement mechanism 20, 21 of inner ring holding parts: Storage ring 23: Storage device patent applicant Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Measure the groove diameter of each of the inner and outer rings, store a plurality of them, and measure the measured value (AI, A2... Am
, B, ·B2...B%) and its storage position,
For all these combinations of inner and outer rings, multiple types of balls (CI-C2...
・Calculate A-(B+2C)=E by Cp), and select the inner and outer rings whose radial clearance IEI value is within the predetermined radial clearance allowable value range and whose value is closest to the target clearance value G. A method for assembling ball bearings, in which a set of ball bearings is taken out from a storage position and combined with the ball for which the calculation has been performed. (2. A method of combining ball bearings as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that one of the inner and outer rings is one. (3) Claims 1 and 1. In the description in Section 2,
A ball bearing combination characterized in that when a pair of inner and outer rings whose radial clearance IEI is equal to a target clearance value G appears, subsequent calculations are stopped and the inner and outer rings and balls are combined. Method. (4) In the description of claims 1 and 2,
In addition to the lower limit value α and upper limit value of the allowable radial clearance value, radial clearance allowable values α′ and b′ that are close to the target clearance value G are determined based on these upper and lower limit values, and the radial clearance IE
A method for assembling ball bearings, characterized in that an alarm is issued when a combination in which I falls between a-α', ri, and h/ appears a set number of times. (5) #! j In the claims 1 and 2, the groove diameters are measured and stored, and the individual storage order of the ellipses and outer rings is memorized, and the value of the radial clearance 1131 is calculated as a result of all combination calculations. If there is no combination that falls within the allowable radial clearance value, one or more balls are discharged from among the stored inner and outer rings in order of oldest storage order. . (6) Inner/outer ring feeding device that sends one inner/outer ring to the standby position (■), receives the inner/outer rings at (■) position, sends them to the measurement position (■), and returns them to the (■) position.Measurement disc and groove diameter measuring device, which accommodates the inner and outer rings at position ■, and which can be taken out by command.
A separate storage ring for the outer ring, a combined storage unit that combines the inner and outer rings at the ■ position and sends them out to the 9 sorting units, these I, II,
It, I, IV for the inner and outer rings by command from the 1st position
A ball bearing combination device consisting of a no-undling device for conveying to the position, and a mechanism for discharging rejected inner and outer rings located at the ■ position. (7) A combination device according to claim 6, in which only one of the separate inner and outer storage rings is used.