JPS6010351Y2 - fertilizer spreader - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention involves feeding granular fertilizer to an axial center portion in a casing that is mounted on a shaft so that the rotor blades rotate in the shape of a wheel in the inner cavity. This invention relates to an improvement in a fertilizer spreading device that spreads and applies fertilizer by discharging fertilizer from a discharge port provided in a peripheral wall of a casing.

The purpose of the present invention is to:
The granular fertilizer is released from the discharge port provided on the peripheral wall of the casing, and the flight distance is increased,
The purpose is to enable spraying over a wide range from far to near by adjusting the spraying density at each part of the spraying range as desired.

The present invention has been made based on the knowledge obtained as a result of repeated various experiments in order to achieve the above-mentioned object.

That is, in order to achieve the above-mentioned objective, various experiments were repeated and it was found that in order to increase the flight distance of the granular fertilizer that is disposed on the peripheral wall of the casing and discharged from the discharge port by the rotary blades rotating inside the casing, it was found that It is more effective to use the centrifugal force of the rotary blades that rotate inside the casing to blow it out than to blow it away. At the end of the process, the granular fertilizer comes into close contact with the blade surface of the rotor blade and is swung out, giving it a large amount of kinetic energy and extending the flying distance. It is effective to prevent outside air from flowing into areas where pressure is generated, and
Since the granular fertilizer is shaken out using centrifugal force, the overall flying distance of the granular fertilizer can be extended by reducing the crushing that occurs when the granular fertilizer is supplied to the rotor. It has been found that it is effective to feed the fertilizer to the base end of the blade where the circumferential speed is slowest, and by doing so, the flying distance of the granular fertilizer from the discharge port of the casing can be increased several times.

Furthermore, since the release of granular fertilizer by blocking this wind is performed by the kinetic energy due to the centrifugal force applied to each particle of the granular fertilizer by the rotation of the rotor, it is possible to increase or decrease the diameter of the granular fertilizer particles. It was found that by changing the mass of these particles and changing the kinetic energy given to each individual particle, it is possible to disperse the particles over a wide range from far to near. It has been found that by changing the ratio of each particle size of each particle of the fertilizer as desired, it is possible to adjust the dispersion density of the granular fertilizer over a wide area as desired.

Therefore, in the present invention, the fertilizer dispersion device is equipped with a discharge port on the peripheral wall and a drum-shaped casing in which the left and right side walls are shaped like blind plates with no air intake port. An inner end of a cylindrical guiding path for guiding fertilizer is arranged to penetrate through an axial center of one side wall of the casing and protrude into the casing, and the casing A number of rotor blades rotated by a rotary shaft whose inner end penetrates through the axis of the other side wall of the casing and enters the casing, each of which moves forward in the direction of rotation, is shaped into a shape with corners. The base edges of the rotor blades are arranged and arranged in parallel in an annular manner around the inner end of the aforementioned taxiway, and the base edges of the rotor blades are arranged in parallel in an annular manner around the inner end of the aforementioned taxiway. An inner end opening is provided in a cavity surrounded by the proximal edges of a large number of rotating blades, and an outer end opening of the guideway is communicated with an outlet at the bottom of the fertilizer tank. , dividing the inner cavity of the fertilizer tank into a plurality of chambers by vertically disposing an appropriate number of vertical partition plates whose lower ends reach the outlet, and dividing the inner cavity of the fertilizer tank into a plurality of chambers, and dividing the outlet in correspondence with the divided chambers; The present invention proposes a means for configuring each of the divided outlet openings by providing a shutter that operates independently.

Next, an example of implementation will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

In Figures 1 and 2, a is a drum-shaped casing with rotary blades (described later) for discharging granular fertilizer housed in the inner cavity, and b is a drum-shaped casing for discharging granular fertilizer into the inner cavity of the casing a. a fertilizer tank (fertilizer hopper) for storing granular fertilizer; c is a guideway for guiding and feeding the granular fertilizer from the fertilizer tank b to the inner cavity of the casing a;
Mounting support is required.

The machine frame 1 is equipped with connectors 10 and 11 connected to the top ring and lower ring of the tractor on the front end side (the right end side in Fig. 1), and is connected to the rear body of the tractor by the connectors 10 and 11. It is designed so that it can be moved freely by the tractor, and there are 1 free running wheels on the bottom side.
2 and 12 and supporting legs 13 and 13 that can be freely moved in and out, and a loading platform 14 that serves as a step is provided on the upper surface of the rear end side.

As shown in FIG. 3, the casing a has a drum-like shape with left and right side walls 20 and 21 and a peripheral wall 22, and a discharge port 23 is provided in a part of the peripheral wall 22 when viewed from the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the peripheral wall 22 has a constant opening degree (approximately 85 degrees in this embodiment) that is approximately one-fourth or less of the entire circumference length of the peripheral wall 22, and , left and right side walls 20・
Through holes 24 and 25 are provided at the axial center portions of 21, respectively.

3... is a rotor blade installed in the inner cavity of the casing a so as to shake out the granular fertilizer fed into the inner cavity by rotation and discharge it from the discharge port 23 of the peripheral wall 22, and A bearing 30 is provided in the through hole 25 provided in one of the side walls 22 of 20 and 21, and a rotating shaft 31 is rotatably supported on the bearing 30. A mounting plate 32 shaped like a disk is attached to the inner end to be arranged so as to rotate together, and a mounting plate 32 is mounted on the front side of the mounting plate 32 (the rear end side and the left side in FIGS. 1 and 5). , the rotary blades 3 are aligned so as to protrude radially from the axis of the rotary shaft 31, and the side edges are welded and fixed to the surface of the mounting plate 32, thereby forming a blade wheel shape. It is designed to rotate with the rotation of the rotating shaft 31.

In order to discharge the granular fertilizer mainly by centrifugal force, the rotary blades 3 are mounted in front of the rotation direction when the rotation direction is the direction of arrow A, as shown in FIG. The receiver, whose outer end (projecting end in the radial direction) is curved toward the direction of the arrow, has an angular shape. 6
As shown in the figures and FIG. Then, granular fertilizer is fed into the empty space W.

The guide path C is shaped like a pipe and is provided at the axial center of the side wall 20 on the opposite side to the side wall 21 on which the rotating shaft 31 is provided, of the left and right side walls 20 and 21 of the casing a. The inner end side is inserted into the lumen of the casing a through the through hole 24, and the inner end opening 40 thereof is inserted into the cavity W formed by each of the base edges 3a of the rotor blades 3. By opening the outer end opening 41 to the feeding port 50 provided at the bottom of the fertilizer tank b, the granular fertilizer fed from the fertilizer tank b is transferred to the rotor blade 3, which is mounted on the shaft in the inner cavity of the casing a. . . are fed from the base edges 3a of the rotary blades 3 .

Thus, the fertilizer tank b, which communicates the outer end opening 41 of the guideway C with the feed-out port 50, has a seventh tank in its inner cavity.
As shown in the figure, a vertical partition plate 6 that horizontally partitions the inner cavity of the fertilizer tank b is provided at the above-mentioned outlet 50, with the lower end of the partition plate 6 provided at the bottom of the fertilizer tank b. By forming the sheets to a length that reaches , and installing them in parallel in an appropriate number, the inner cavity can be divided into a plurality of chambers Y..., and the outlet 50 at the bottom can be connected to each of the divided chambers Y. The chambers are partitioned in correspondence with the chambers Y..., which are partitioned to form the outlet of the partition plate 6, and each chamber is formed by dividing the outlet 50 by the lower end of the partition plate 6. Y... outlet 50a
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, when the adjustment screw 70 is rotated, the shutter plate 72 supported by the female screw 71 that is engaged with the adjustment screw 70 slides in the axial direction of the adjustment screw 70. A shutter 7 whose opening degree can be adjusted is provided respectively.

In the illustrated embodiment, 8 is the rotary blade 3.
The input shaft 80 that protrudes forward is a transmission mechanism that accommodates a transmission mechanism that transmits power to the rotating shaft 31 and is mounted on the front end of the machine frame 1.
The rotary shaft 31 is rotated by driving the input shaft 80 in communication with the zero axis of the tractor.

In addition, since the fertilizer dispersing device A according to the present invention discharges the fertilizer using the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the rotor blades 3, the casing a does not have an air intake port, and the casing a
The through holes 24 and 25 provided in the side walls 20 and 21 are closed by the guide path C and the bearing 30 of the rotating shaft 31.

The fertilizer spreading device A configured in this manner performs fertilizer spreading work by putting granular fertilizer into the fertilizer tank b.
The granular fertilizer is sorted according to particle size. For example, when the inner cavity of the fertilizer tank b is divided into three chambers Y-Y-Y by two partition plates 6, 6, In each room Y, put large diameter granular fertilizer into one room Y, put medium diameter granular fertilizer into the second room Y, and put small diameter granular fertilizer into the remaining rooms Y. On the other hand, different types of granular fertilizers are put in and used like spraying.

Next, to explain the function and effect, the fertilizer dispersion device according to the present invention, which is constructed as described above, has a shape in which the rotor blades 3, which are pivotally supported in the inner cavity of the casing a, suppress the discharge wind. In addition, the casing a has no air intake port, and the discharge port 23 provided in the peripheral wall 22 of the casing a is located at the front and rear opening edges in the rotational direction of the rotor blades 3. The overlap between the imaginary line connecting the imaginary line and the rotation locus of the rotor blades 3 should be small, and the inner end opening 40 of the granular fertilizer guide path C should be in a vacant space at the axial center of the inner cavity of the casing a. Since it is open to W, when the rotor blades 3 in the lumen of the casing a rotate, air flows into the casing a through the discharge port 23 and flows through the casing through the guide path C. There is no flow of air flowing into the interior of the rotor a, and the rotor rotates with almost no air being blown out from the discharge port 23.

For this reason, when the rotary blades 3... rotate and shake out the granular fertilizer fed into the inner cavity of the casing a, the granular fertilizer is transferred into the casing a by the rotation of the rotary blades 3... The generated wind prevents the air from floating up from the delivery surface (blade surface) of the rotor blades 3 or flowing toward the tip side, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor blades 3 is sufficiently applied to cause the air to be swung out. Become so.

Further, the fertilizer to be fed into the casing a is transferred from the inner end opening 40 of the guideway C to the cavity W surrounded by the base edges 3a of the rotary blades 3. , each base edge 3a... of the rotor blade 3... whose circumferential speed is the slowest.
Since the particles are supplied to the rotor blades 3, the crushing received by the rotor blades 3 is significantly reduced, and the grains are kept in a large mass state with a predetermined particle size and are shaken out. It becomes like this.

As a result, the granular fertilizer is not affected by the wind or crushed, and is shaken out with sufficient centrifugal force, resulting in a significantly extended flying distance.

In addition, this released granular fertilizer is given kinetic energy due to centrifugal force in proportion to its mass, so particles with a large particle size and mass are given large kinetic energy and fly far away, making them more granular. Particles with a small diameter and low mass receive less kinetic energy and fall closer to each other, so by mixing particles of different sizes, particles can be dispersed over a wide area from far away to near. and granular fertilizers with different particle sizes.
Particles with different diameters are separately charged into separate chambers Y... in the fertilizer tank b, and shutters 7 are separately provided at the outlet 50a of each chamber Y so that they can be operated from outside the machine.・
By manipulating each of these and adjusting the mixing ratio of particles with different particle sizes as desired, it is possible to mix granular fertilizer with large particles spread far away and granular fertilizer with small particle sizes spread nearby. The spray density can be changed and adjusted as desired during work, so it is possible to achieve the desired spray density depending on the area to be sprayed, such as making the entire area uniform in density, or making the spray state denser in distant or nearby areas. You will be able to adjust the density and scatter.

Therefore, according to the means of the present invention, the granular fertilizer is shaken out with sufficient centrifugal force from the rotor blades without being affected by the wind, while maintaining a large particle size with a large mass that is not subject to crushing. As a result, the flight distance can be significantly increased, and the spray can be spread over a wide range from far to near places by adjusting the spray density at each part of the spray range as desired.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side view of a fertilizer spreading device that can implement the present invention;
The figure is a front view of the same device, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the casing of the device, FIG.
The figure is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the main parts of the same device, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the rotor of the same device, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the fertilizer tank of the same device, and FIG. 8 is a vertical front view of the main parts of the same tank. 9 are longitudinal sectional side views of the main parts of the same tank. Explanation of drawing symbols, A... Fertilizer spreading device, a...
...Casing, b...Fertilizer tank, C.
... Taxiway, 1 ... Aircraft frame, 10.11.
...Connection tool, 12... Running wheel, 13...
... Support legs, 14 ... Loading platform, 20, 21 ...
... Side wall, 22 ... Peripheral wall, 23 ...
・Discharge port, 24, 25...Through hole, 3...
・Rotor blade, 3a... Base edge, 30...
Bearing, 31...Rotating shaft, 32...Mounting plate, 40...Inner end opening, 41...Outer end opening, 50...・Feeding port, 50a...Feeding port, 6...Partition plate, 7...Shutter, 40...Adjustment screw, 71... Female thread, 72...Shutter plate, 8...Transmission machine housing, 80...Input shaft, W-Y...
Room.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Approximately 1/4 of the entire circumference of the peripheral wall 22 in a part of the peripheral wall 22
The discharge port 23 is installed at the following opening degree, and the left and right side walls 20 and 21 are formed into a cylindrical shape that guides granular fertilizer into the axial center of the inner cavity of a drum-shaped casing a in which the left and right side walls 20 and 21 are formed into a blind plate shape without an air intake port. The inner end of the guide path C is arranged to penetrate the axial center of one side wall 20 of the casing a and protrude into the casing a, and the inner end of the guide path C of the casing a A large number of rotor blades 3 are rotated by a rotary shaft 31 whose inner end penetrates through the axial center of the other side wall 21 and enters into the casing a.
. . are formed in a shape with corners so that the base edges 3a and 3 of each rotor blade 3 .
... are arranged and arranged in parallel in an annular manner around the inner end of the aforementioned taxiway C, and a large number of rotary blades 3 arranged in parallel in an annular manner are installed at the inner end of the aforementioned taxiway C. An inner end opening 40 is provided in the empty space W surrounded by the base edge 3a..., and the outer end opening 41 of the guiding path C is communicated with the outlet 50 at the bottom of the fertilizer tank b. In the inner cavity of the fertilizer tank b, there is a vertical partition plate 6 whose lower end reaches the outlet 50.
By installing an appropriate number of fertilizer tank B vertically, the inner cavity of fertilizer tank B can be divided into multiple chambers Y...
At the same time, the outlet 50 is divided in correspondence with the divided chamber Y..., and the outlet 50 is divided into
A fertilizer spreader characterized in that each of the fertilizer spreaders 0a... is provided with a shutter 7 that can be operated separately from outside the machine.