JPS60133018A - Production of flame-retardant polyurethane foam - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled foam which can be bonded to a face sheet without causing the discoloration of the sheet, by adding specific amounts of triaryl phosphate and a specific halogen-containing phosphate as flame-retardants to the raw materials of the urethane foam and foaming the composition. CONSTITUTION:The raw materials of a urethane foam containing a polyether polyol, an organic isocyanate, water, a catalyst and a foam stabilizer, etc. are mixed with 10-30pts.(wt.) of a triaryl phosphate and 5.0-15.0pts. of polyoxyalkylene bis[di(chloroalkyl)]phosphoric acid ester based on 100pts. of the polyether polyol, and the obtained composition is foamed to obtain the objective foam.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing flame retardant polyurethane foam.

Urethane foam is inherently vulnerable to fire and has the property of being easily flammable. Therefore, in order to prevent dangers such as fires caused by urethane foam, methods for obtaining flame-retardant polyurethane foam have been studied, and the following three methods are known.

(a) A method of producing flame-retardant polyurethane foam by selecting a hydroxyl compound having phosphorus or a halogen in its reactive molecule and polyincyanate as raw materials and reacting them.

Port C) Impregnation type A method in which the inside of the urethane foam is impregnated with a flame-retardant solution or suspension.

(c) A method of obtaining urethane foam by adding a flame retardant to the raw material for additive-type urethane foam and then foaming it.

According to one of the Bokuki methods, there are differences in the degree of strength, but
In either case, a flame-retardant polyurethane foam is obtained. However, the flame-retardant polyurethane foams obtained by these conventional methods all have the following problems.

In other words, polyurethane foam is not only used as a cushioning material, which is a unique elastic foam, but also as a urethane foam sheet with a thickness of 21 to 20 mm, and a surface material such as woven fabric or non-woven fabric is integrally adhered to the surface of the urethane foam sheet. It is also used as a cover and interior material. In this case, the outer material is adhered by melting and pasting the surface of urethane force 1.
This is done by so-called frame lamination or heat lamination. When the flame-retardant polyurethane foam obtained by the above-mentioned conventional method is used as such a laminate material, a problem arises in that the adhered outer material partially deteriorates in quality or changes in color over time.

As a result of intensive research into the above problem, the inventors found that the cause was the corrosive effect of conventionally used flame retardants, and that halogens contained in flame retardants were particularly involved, and that phosphorus was also present. It was concluded that discoloration and deterioration of the outer material were promoted by the joint action of the two.

Based on this conclusion, we conducted further research to obtain a flame-retardant polyurethane foam that would not cause discoloration or deterioration of the outer surface even when used as a laminate material as described above. It has been found that discoloration and deterioration of the laminated material can be prevented by using reel phosphate. Furthermore, although polyoxyalkylene bis[di(chloroalkyl)] phosphate ester contains halogen and phosphorus, when it is used in combination with the above-mentioned triaryl phosphate in a limited proportion, it can practically prevent discoloration of the outer material. - It has been discovered that a greater flame retardant effect can be obtained while keeping the flame retardance within a range that does not cause any problems, leading to the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides urethane foam raw materials containing a polyether polyol, an organic incyanate, water, and necessary additives such as a catalyst and a foam stabilizer.
0 to 30 parts by weight, and polyoxyalkylene bis[di(
This is a method for producing a flame-retardant polyurethane foam, characterized by adding and mixing 5.0 to 15.0 parts by weight of phosphoric acid ester (chloroalkyl)] and foaming the mixture once.

Among the raw materials used in the present invention, polyether polyol is obtained by reacting one or more polyol compounds with one or more epoxy compounds of F.

Examples of these polyol compounds and epoxy compounds are as follows.

Polyol compounds: ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol (more than two functional groups), glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, 1,2. El-Hexane I・Riol (J13
Functional) α-methyl glycoside, ethylenediamine (hereinafter referred to as -F4 functional) Others include diethylenetriamine, sorbitol, sucrose, etc.

Epoxy compound; Propylene liquefied, styrene oxide, butylene oxide, etc.

As the organic incyanate used in the present invention, for example, tolylene diisocyanate-1., naphthalene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate-1., and xylene incyane-1J can be used. This organic isocyane-1. reacts with the polyether polyol to form a polyurethane linkage, and also acts as a blowing agent by the carbon dioxide gas produced by reacting with water, as shown in the linear equation.

-N=C=O+H20→-NH,+GO2 In the present invention, it is desirable to add and mix various catalysts as appropriate in order to promote foaming.

Examples of this catalyst include tin catalysts such as dibutyltin dilaurate, and amine catalysts. In addition, it is preferable to add silicone oil as a foam stabilizer to make the bubbles uniform.

Examples of the doaryl phosphate used as a flame retardant in the present invention include phenyl-diisopropylphenyl phosphate, diphenyl-inbropylphenyl phosphate, tris-isopropylphenyl phosphate, tris-phenyl phosphate, tris-methylphenyl phosphate, and I-lis-dimethylphenyl phosphate. Phosphate, trisethylphenyl phosphate, trisnonylphenyl phosphatide, etc. can be used.

In the present invention, polyoxyalkylene bis [
As the (chloroalkyl)]phosphate ester, for example, tris(l,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate, chloroalkylphosphate-1., chloroalkenylphosphate, etc. can be used.

In the present invention, the amount of the triaryl phosphate added is set to 10 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts of the polyether polyol for the following reasons. That is, if the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, a sufficient flame retardant effect cannot be obtained, and if the amount added is 30 parts by weight, the MvSS standard (
Motor Vehicle 5afty 5tan
This is because a flame retardant effect sufficient to pass the dard) can be obtained, and it is uneconomical to apply more severe heat than that. Incidentally, when polyoxyalkylene bis[di(chloroalkyl)]phosphate is not used in combination, the same flame retardant effect cannot be obtained unless 15 to 50 parts by weight of triaryl phosphate is used. This indicates that the flame retardance is further improved by the combination of polyoxyalkylene bis[cy(chloroalkyl)]phosphate, and as a result, the amount of toluaryl phosphate added can be reduced in the present invention.

The flame-retardant polyurethane foam obtained by the above-mentioned manufacturing method of the present invention has sufficient flame retardancy, as shown in the results of the examples below, and is superior to conventional phosphorus-halogen-based retardants. It is far less corrosive than urethane foam that uses only a fuel. Therefore, deterioration and discoloration over time can be prevented even when a woven fabric or non-woven fabric is adhesively laminated on the surface of the fabric.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

Example polyether polyol 100 parts by weight (3000 parts of trifunctional 9 molecules) Triethylenecyamine 0.13 tt Diptyltin dilaurate' Q, 7 tt Silicone oil 1.2 t
t Water 5,5 tt Tris(1,3-cyclo-2-10,0 //propyl)phosphate trisphenyl phosphate 25.0 // Trilene isocyanate 70.0 tt Using the raw material mixture of the following L formulation, one A flexible flame-retardant polyurethane foam was obtained by the shot method. The richness was 0.020.

Comparative Example 1゜Polyether polyol 100 parts by weight (trifunctional 2 parts 1000) i.Lyethylenediamine 0. θ8 〃Dibutyl tin dilaure) Q, 11 //Silicone oil 1.27/Water 45/l Trichloromonofluoromethane 3. Q // Tolylene diisocyanate 85.0 tt A flexible flame-retardant polyurethane foam was obtained by a one-shot method using the original 4 mixtures of the above formulations. The density was O.02Q.

Comparative Example 2 Polyether polyol 100 parts by weight (trifunctional 9 molecular weight 3000) Triethylene diamine 0.10 // Dibutyltin dilaurate 0.8 // Silicone oil 1,3 // Water 5.0 tt Trichloromonofluoromethane 3. Q ttI-recresyl phosphate 30.0 tt Tolylene diinsinate 65.0 tt A flexible flame-retardant polyurethane foam was obtained by a one-shot method using the raw material mixture of the formulation described in L. The density was 0.020.

Boliureta 77 obtained in Example, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2, ? - From the center 10 mmX 50 mmX
A piece of 100 mm in size was cut out, a piece of fabric was layered on it, and the periphery was fixed with staples to obtain a test piece.

This test piece was placed in a hot air oven at +oo'c, and changes in appearance over time were examined. The test results are shown in Table 1. The same table also lists the results of the MVSS flame retardancy test conducted on the urethane foams of Examples, Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

Table 1

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A urethane foam raw material containing a polyether polyol, an organic incyanate, water, and necessary additives such as a catalyst and a foam stabilizer contains 10 to 10 parts by weight of triaryl phosphate per 100 parts by weight of the polyether polyol. 30 parts by weight,
and polyoxyalkylene bis[di(chloroalkyl)
] A method for producing a flame-retardant polyurethane foam, which comprises adding and mixing 5.0 to 15.0 parts by weight of a phosphoric acid ester and foaming the mixture.