JPS60144152A - DC machine rectification compensation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To preferably compensate a rectification even at an abrupt load variation time by varying the current of an auxiliary winding by delaying the time with respect to the variation of an armature current. CONSTITUTION:An armature current IM is flowed to an interpole winding 7, and a current ic is supplied from an external DC power source 17 to the auxiliary winding 8 wound differentially from the winding 7. The detection output of a current detector 13 is inputted to the primary delay circuit 19 to obtain an output delayed at the timing with respect to the current IM, the output and the detection output of a rotating speed detector 14 are inputted to a multiplier 15, and the result is inputted to a gate signal generator 16, thereby controlling the current ic flowed to the winding 8. Thus, the full interpole magnetic flux varies preferably by following to the variation in the armature current even at the abrupt load varying time, thereby always compensating preferably the rectification.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a rectification compensation device for a DC machine such as a motor or a sleeper equipped with a commutator and a brush, and particularly relates to a rectification compensator for a DC machine such as a motor or a sleeper equipped with a commutator and brushes, and particularly to Regarding those having auxiliary windings.

[Background of the invention]

It is no exaggeration to say that the rectification performance of a DC machine affects the performance and life of the machine, and a lot of research has been done in the past. The quality of this rectification performance is determined by measuring the no-spark zone of the actual machine. On the other hand, in a DC machine, there is a phenomenon in which the non-sparking band moves depending on the rotation speed, and if the amount of movement of the non-sparking band is large, it becomes impossible to operate with non-sparking rectification.

As a countermeasure against this problem, rectification compensation methods shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 have been proposed.

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the main parts of a conventional DC machine. In the figure, l is an annular yoke, 2 and 3 are the main pole and counter pole formed on the inner circumferential side, 4 and 5 are the main pole iron core and main pole winding that constitute the main pole 2, and 6 , 7 and 8 are a commutator core, a commutator winding and an auxiliary winding that constitute the fIli pole 3; 9 is a rotating armature;
lO is its armature winding. Main pole 2 is armature winding 10
Give the main magnetic flux to , and the interpole 3 is the electric pre-winding #! It provides interpolation magnetic flux for generating a rectified electromotive force when the current flowing through the electromotive force is reversed. Further, the auxiliary winding 8 provided at the tip of the commutating pole core 6 is wound differentially with respect to the commuting pole winding 7, and as shown in FIG. 2, the non-sparking band rotates. As the number increases, it moves to the over-rectifying side (the interpolation magnetic flux is excessive), so the magnetomotive force is adjusted to move the load shaft onto the 0-P line at the center of the non-sparking zone.

Figure 3 is a block circuit diagram of a device that controls the amount of electric current in the auxiliary winding according to the rotational speed and armature current to compensate for the no-spark band movement phenomenon. The same reference numerals as in Figure 1 are given. Other symbols are as follows. 11 is a brush, 12 is a commutator, 13 is a current detector,
14 is a rotation speed detector, 15 is a multiplier, 16 is a gate signal generator, 17 is an external DC power supply, 18 is a thyristor, GT
This is a current control circuit composed of semiconductor switching devices such as O-thyristors and power transistors.

That is, in this device, the commutating pole winding IIJ7 receives 1 & child current I.

At the same time, the current IC supplied from the external direct current 17 to the auxiliary winding 8 is controlled as follows.

That is, the outputs of the current detector 13 and the rotation speed detector 14 are input to the multiplier 15, the result is input to the gate signal generator 16, and the gate signal obtained thereby is used to adjust the switching frequency of the current control circuit and the current flow. It controls the rate etc. and controls the current flowing through the sode support winding [8]. As a result, the current IC in the auxiliary winding 8 changes according to the rotational speed and the armature current, so the interpolation magnetomotive force changes, and the load axis is shifted to the O -Move onto the P line. As a result, the DC machine can be operated with sparkless rectification.

However, although the conventional device described above is good when applied to a DC machine with small load fluctuations, when applied to a DC machine where the load changes suddenly, there is a problem of poor rectification and sparks generated from the brushes. there were.

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a rectification compensation device for a DC machine that can perform good rectification compensation even during sudden load changes.

C. Summary of the Invention The inventors of the present invention investigated through various experiments and studies the reason why good rectification compensation cannot be performed during load fluctuations as described above, and discovered that the cause is as follows.

In other words, in a DC machine, when the load suddenly changes, the magnetic flux of the interpolation changes accordingly, and as a result, a thin current is generated in the magnetic path of the interpolation.
Due to the influence of this thin current, the interpolation magnetic flux is delayed in time with respect to the m root current, resulting in a tendency to under-rectification. If the above-mentioned rectification compensation device is added to this and the current in the auxiliary winding is increased in proportion to the magnitude of the armature current, the commutating magnetic flux further decreases, resulting in insufficient rectification and poor commutation.

The present invention was made based on the above discovery, and the current in the auxiliary winding does not change immediately when the armature current changes to i, but changes with a delay according to Ff#. , - A delay stage such as a second delay circuit is provided.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram of a rectification compensator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 3 are given the same reference numerals as in FIG. 3.

This embodiment differs from the conventional example shown in FIG. 3 in that a first-order lag circuit 19 is newly provided between the current detector 13 and the multiplier 15. This -order delay circuit 19 functions to temporally delay the output voltage with respect to the input voltage from the DC detector 13 and input it to the multiplier 15.

Figure 5 shows how the auxiliary winding changes when one armature current is suddenly changed from light load to heavy load at time t1 with the rotation speed N constant in the DC machine equipped with the rectification compensator shown in Figure 4.゛Low current JC, magnetic flux φ due to commutator winding! Magnetic flux φG due to P1 auxiliary winding, these magnetic fluxes φfanφ. Total +
The changes in li@polar magnetic flux φΣ□ are shown.

In the rectification compensator shown in FIG. 4, as in the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, the armature current 1. The current IC supplied from the external DC power supply 17 to the auxiliary winding 8 is controlled as follows. That is, by inputting the detection output of the low acid detector 13 to the primary erosion circuit 19,
By obtaining an output delayed in time with respect to M, inputting this output and the detected m force of the rotation speed detector 14 to the multiplier 15, and inputting the result to the gate signal generator 16, the above-mentioned Current t flowing through the auxiliary winding 8 with the same operation as the conventional example
This is necessary because it controls c.

As a result, when the rotational speed N is constant and the armature current I suddenly changes, the current ic of the auxiliary winding 8 changes to the armature current 1. There will be a time delay with respect to changes in

Incidentally, icl indicated by a broken line is the current of the auxiliary winding 8 without the primary lag circuit 19, and changes immediately without any time delay with respect to a change in the armature current 1. As a result, the interpolation magnetic flux φI? (There is a time delay with respect to the armature current lMo1 due to the shadow V of the eddy current in the interpolation magnetic path)'t - Magnetic flux φ due to the decreasing auxiliary winding 8. The rise of is delayed compared to the magnetic flux φc′ (indicated by the broken line j) due to the auxiliary winding in the case where there is no −th order lag circuit 19, and the total interpole magnetic flux φΣtp is the same as the total interpole magnetic flux φΣtp when there is no −th order lag circuit 19. Compared to the magnetic flux φΣxp' (indicated by a broken line) V, it follows the change in the armature current VCljL. In other words, good rectification can be achieved even if the negative impulse mass is thick.

Note that with respect to changes in the rotation BN, the interpolation magnetomotive force is controlled so that the load axis is centered on the no-spark zone, as in the conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a block circuit diagram of a rectification compensator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

This embodiment is applied to a method of controlling the current supplied from an external power source to the auxiliary winding according to the rectification state of the brush. In FIG. 6, 20 is a detection brush, 21 is an insulation amplifier, and X indicates the direction of rotation of the commutator 12.

Note that other symbols are the same as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

In such a circuit configuration, the armature current (1) flows through the same path as in the conventional example. On the other hand, 'rjL of the auxiliary winding 8
m i c is the detection brush 20 that detects the brush distorted current voltage (hereinafter abbreviated as detection voltage) Vb at the rear end of the brush 11 (near the exit 197 of the brush 11) where the result of the quality of rectification compensation is determined. Then, this detection voltage Vb is applied to an insulating amplifier 21.
Since it is isolated from the main circuit of the DC machine and inputted to the first-order delay circuit 19, and its output is inputted to the gate signal generator 16, the difference between the conventional example and the 1ml yuzu can is combed 7:k.
In this method, the detection voltage Vb is usually ±3V.
If the voltage is within ±3V, no sparks will be generated from the brush, so the current flowing through the auxiliary winding 8 is controlled according to the detection voltage Vb to adjust the fine pole magnetomotive force, and the detection voltage Vb is always kept within ±3V. It attempts to achieve spark rectification.

Here, when the load suddenly changes, the calibration voltage Vb changes following the change in the armature current IM, but - next lag circuit 19
As a result, there is a time delay with respect to changes in the 'a machine' current IM. In the polishing process, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. can be done.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the auxiliary winding '1
A delay means such as a VCl-order lag circuit is installed so that the capacitance does not change immediately in response to a change in armature current, but changes with a time delay, so that full compensation can be achieved even during sudden negative fluctuations. The pole magnetic flux changes to follow the changes in the armature [6 bibi], and good rectification compensation can always be performed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of the main parts of a conventional DC machine, Fig. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the movement phenomenon of the sparkless zone with respect to the rotation speed, Fig. 3 is a block circuit diagram of a conventional rectification compensator, and Fig. 4 is a whistle diagram. FIG. 5 is a block circuit diagram of a rectification compensation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the rectification compensation device, and FIG. be. l...Yoke, 2...Main pole, 3...
...Commuting pole, 4...Main pole iron core, 5...Main pole winding, 6...Commuting pole iron core, 7...Commuting pole winding , 8... Auxiliary winding, 9... Armature, 11... Brush, 12... Commutator,
13...Paper flow detector, 14...Rotation speed detector, 15...Multiplier, 16...Gate signal generation circuit, 17... ...to DC electricity, 18
...Current control circuit, 19...-Next delay circuit, 20...Detection brush. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. There is a difference between a rotor having an armature and a commutator, a main pole consisting of a field core and a field winding, a commutator core, a commutator winding, and the commutator winding. A commutative pole consisting of an auxiliary winding wound around the
and a stator having brushes, and a control means for controlling the flow of the auxiliary winding according to the armature current, and power is transferred to and from the auxiliary winding through the brush and the commutator. A rectification compensation device for a DC machine, characterized in that the control means is provided with a delay means for changing the current in the auxiliary winding with a time delay with respect to a change in the armature current. 2. In claim 1, the control means:
It has an armature current detection means and a rotational speed detection means, and controls the current of the auxiliary winding according to the detected values thereof, and the delay means is connected to the output circuit of the armature current detection means. A rectification compensator for a DC machine that is characterized by an inserted first-order lag circuit. 3. In claim 1, 1. The control means has a detection brush that detects a voltage that changes depending on the armature current between the brush commutator pieces provided near the outlet side of the brush, and the control means detects the voltage that changes depending on the armature current between the brush commutator pieces provided near the outlet side of the brush. A rectifying bucket rectifier for a DC machine, which controls the current of the winding gage, and wherein the delay means is a first-order delay circuit inserted in the output circuit of the detection brush! .