JPS60208577A - Locking and unlocking apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a locking/unlocking device, and particularly to a locking/unlocking device that is most suitable for use in emergency evacuation gates or smoke exhaust windows used in the event of a fire.

The locking and unlocking devices conventionally used for these types of doors and windows are those that can be unlocked by operating a manual unlocker for emergency evacuation, or those that use electric locks and whose control circuits are heated. Some have built-in detectors so that they can be automatically unlocked in the event of a fire. However, in an emergency situation, there is a concern that it will take time to operate the manual lock, and on the other hand, the combination of an electric lock and a control circuit incorporating a heat sensor,
Regarding the odor, there were negative points such as the electrical wiring being cumbersome.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a locking/unlocking device which is a mechanical locking/unlocking device and can automatically be unlocked without requiring manual operation in the event of a fire.

The basic feature of the locking/unlocking device according to the present invention is that a shape memory alloy is incorporated into the device as a temperature-activated element, thereby controlling locking/unlocking. Bimetals, which are made by bonding metals with different thermal expansions, have long been well known as temperature-activated elements.However, the amount of displacement of bimetals is extremely small, and the displacement changes linearly almost in proportion to the temperature, whereas the shape Memory alloys have a displacement that is 10 times larger than that of bimetals, and also have the property of rapidly changing at a specific temperature. Furthermore, while bimetals can only be displaced in the direction perpendicular to the bonded surfaces, shape memory alloys have the characteristic of being able to recover from any form of deformation as long as the amount of strain is within a certain range. are doing.

The present invention utilizes the preferable form of displacement of the shape memory alloy, thereby utilizing the rapid and large deformation motions that occur before and after the heat is sensed as unlocking energy. An invention in which a shape memory alloy is used in an emergency unlocking device is already known from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-21882. However, this invention
The main idea is to use a shape memory alloy that takes two forms: a coiled state and an elongated state, and its elastic force is used for the unlocking force. However, this invention uses a shape memory alloy mainly in the form of a plate, and utilizes deformation in two forms, a curved form and a flat form, as unlocking energy, and is more effective than the above-mentioned known invention. This invention relates to a locking/unlocking device that has a concrete and simple structure and has an extremely wide range of applications.

- Hereinafter, the embodiments will be described in detail according to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows an example of a combination with a deadbolt.A known dead hub 2 is engaged with the rear end of the deadbolt 1, and the deadbolt 1 can be moved in and out from the outside by operating a cylinder. Reference numeral 3 denotes a sliding member for retracting the deadbolt, and the arm 2a provided on the dead hub 2 engages at its two prongs 3a.
In the protruding state, the spring force of the spring 4 constantly urges the dead hub to rotate counterclockwise in the drawing, and as a result, the dead bolt is in a state where a force is applied in the retracting direction. 5 is a stopper that engages with a locking piece 6 provided on the sliding member 3 to hold the sliding member 3 in the retracted position against the spring force of the spring 4;
At the rear end, there is a protruding edge 5 on the case bottom side and the case lid side.
a, and is fitted into a sliding guide hole 7 formed in the case bottom and case lid. Also, on the bottom side of the case at the rear end of the stopper 5, there is a very concave notch 5b as shown in the figure.
is formed, and a control member 8 made of a shape memory alloy is fitted into this recessed notch 5b and engaged with the stopper 5. This 1lilJi11 member has a band shape with a thickness of about 11II11, and is memorized in a straight flat shape as shown in Figure 2, and then let in a curved state at room temperature as shown by the solid line in Figure 1. It is something to keep. In this state, the tip of the stopper is engaged with the locking piece 6, and the sliding member 3 is held in the retracted position against the spring pressure of the spring 4, so the deadbolt 1 is in the protruding state. remains maintained. However, when a fire breaks out and the control member is exposed to a temperature of about 70°C, the control member made of a shape memory alloy returns to its memorized shape and deforms as shown by the dashed line J in FIG. It moves backward as shown by the dotted chain line, and the engagement state with the locking piece 6 is released. Therefore, the sliding member 3 moves under the spring pressure of the spring 4,
By rotating the dead hub 2 counterclockwise,
The deadbolt 1 is recessed into the case. Control member 8 made of shape memory alloy used here
The return force was approximately 1.5 kg. In this example, the temperature at which the memory shape is restored is set at approximately 70°C, but it is well known that various restoration temperatures are possible. be.

FIG. 3 shows another example, in which the other parts except for the structure of the stopper and the control member made of a shape memory alloy engaged with the stopper are the same as the embodiment of FIG. 1,
Parts of Oka are indicated by the same reference numerals. In short, this example is an example in which the stopper 9 itself, which engages with the locking piece of the sliding member 3 and holds the sliding member 3 in the retreated position against the spring pressure of the spring 4, is made of a shape-memory alloy. It shows. As shown in FIG. 4, the stopper 9 made of this shape memory alloy has its tip memorized in a curved shape, and is set in a straight flat plate shape at room temperature. , is engaged with the locking piece 6. Therefore, in the event of a fire, when the return temperature is reached, the stopper made of this shape memory alloy will move to 1 in Figure 3.
As shown by the dotted chain line, the tip is curved and disengaged from the locking piece 6, thereby allowing the deadbolt to retract.

Furthermore, other embodiments are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

This embodiment shows an example applied to a smoke exhaust window lock as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-29631, in which the latch bolt 10 is always spring-biased in the protruding direction, and In the closed state, the smoke exhaust window directly receives the weight of the smoke exhaust window or the elastic force applied to the smoke exhaust window in the opening direction.
It is attached with a constant force applied in the immersion direction.

Reference numeral 11 designates a stopper which is provided at its tip so as to directly abut against the back surface of the latch bolt 10 at all times to prevent the latch l bolt from retracting, and 12 designates rigger bolts. The control member 813 of the stopper is made of a shape memory alloy. A straight flat plate shape is used as a memory spoon, and the stopper 1 is curved as shown in the figure at room temperature.
This is related to 1. In the event of a fire, 1
As shown by the dotted chain line, this control member returns to its memorized shape once, thereby retracting the stopper 11 against the spring pressure of the spring 14 and releasing the contact with the latch bolt, thereby opening the smoke exhaust window. can be opened by its own weight or by an applied force.

Furthermore, FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in combination with a latch bolt. That is, in the drawing,
Reference numeral 15 denotes a latch bolt which is always given an elastic force in the protruding direction and is designed to be retractable, and can be retracted in response to the hub 16 that is linked to the rotation of the indoor handle, and can be retracted into the case by the tractor 17. It is set in. A stopper 18 directly abuts the latch bolt to prevent its movement in the retracting direction, and is always urged by a spring 19 in the direction of abutting the latch bolt. 20 is a cylinder,
Reference numeral 21 denotes a cylinder cam fixed to the end of the inner cylinder, and by operating a key to rotate the cylinder cam 21 as shown by the dashed line in the figure, the abutting state of the stopper 18 against the latch bolt 15 can be released. It looks like this. The reference numeral 22 shows the control part of the stopper made of shape memory 1 alloy, which is memorized in a straight flat shape, curved at room temperature, and engaged with the end of the stopper as shown in the figure. It is installed in Therefore, 1
When the control member 8 is in contact with the latch bolt 15, in the event of a fire, this control member is sensitive to heat and returns to its memorized shape of a straight flat plate as shown by the dashed line.
As a result, the stopper is rotated to a state not shown by the one-dot chain line, and the abutment with the latch bolt 15 is released.

Furthermore, the example shown in FIG. 8 is almost the same as the example shown in FIG. 7, and the same parts are indicated by the same reference numerals. 7th
The disadvantage of the illustrated embodiment is that the abutting piece 238 of the stopper 23 that prevents the latch bolt 15 from retracting is made of a shape memory alloy.

That is, in this example, the state of the dotted chain line with the tip curved as shown in the figure is memorized, the shape is made into a straight flat plate at room temperature, and the stopper 23 is set so that it always directly abuts the latch bolt in this flat state. It is installed.

The examples shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 both show a structure in which the inner handle is rotated to retract the latch bolt after the stopper 18 or 23 and the latch bolt 15 are released from their abutting state. However, a so-called double-sided latch is used, and a latch bolt is provided that can be retracted even when force is applied to the arm in the opening direction, and a stopper that directly abuts this latch bolt is normally used to prevent movement in the retracting direction. It is also possible to adopt a structure that prevents this.

Here, the locking device to which the present invention can be applied and the application state are summarized as follows.

In other words, the locking device is (1) a type of locking device that constantly applies force in the retraction direction to the dead bolt or latch bolt, and (a)
As shown in the examples in Figures 5 and 6, a force is applied directly in the immersion direction; (b) as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4; (2) As shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8, the pressure receiving part is immersed in the immersion direction. This can be applied to a locking device, etc. that has a latch bolt that is given a resilient force in the protruding direction.

In addition, as for the state in which the stopper collides with the dead bolt or latch bolt to prevent movement in the retraction direction, (1) As shown in the embodiments of Figs. 5 to 8, There are two types: (2) those that collide with the retractable operating member, and (2) those that collide with the retractable operating member, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.

In addition, as for how to use shape memory alloys, (1)
(2) As shown in the examples of FIGS. 1, 5, and 7, the stopper itself is made of a shape-memory alloy. Alternatively, the associated control member may be made of a shape memory alloy.

As detailed above, the locking/unlocking device according to the present invention is a locking/unlocking device with a mechanical structure that does not require electrical wiring by using a shape memory alloy, and moreover, it is automatically unlocked in the event of a fire, etc. It is possible to provide a locking/unlocking device that is in a locked state, and it can also be used in a simple plate-like body without the need to use a shape memory alloy that is relatively expensive and has poor workability in a complicated form. Therefore, the structure as a whole is simple and economical, and the locking/unlocking device can be easily implemented in various embodiments and has a wide range of applications.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the locking/unlocking device according to the present invention, with the case lid removed. FIG. 2 shows the shape memory alloy used as the control member of the stopper in the embodiment of FIG. 1. , A is a front view thereof, B is a side view, Fig. 3 is a side view similar to Fig. 1 showing another embodiment, and Fig. 4 is a stopper used in the embodiment of Fig. 3. A front view (A) and a side view (B) of the shape memory alloy. Figure 5 is a plan view showing an example of application to a smoke evacuation window lock with the case lid removed. Figure 6 is an example of the implementation of Figure 5. FIG. 7 is a schematic side view showing the relationship between the latch bolt and the stopper in the example, FIG. 7 is a side view of the main part roughly showing another embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the main part showing still another example. . 1... Deadbolt 3... Sliding member (immersion operation member) 5... Stopper 8... Control member (shape memory alloy) 9... Stopper (shape memory alloy) '10... Latch Bolt 11... Stopper 13... Control member (shape memory alloy) 15... Latch bolt 18... Stopper 22...
・・Control member (shape memory alloy)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Retractable for a dead bolt or latch bolt in a protruding state to which a force in the retracting direction is applied directly or indirectly by a force applied to the retractable operation member, or when receiving pressure in the retracting direction, A stopper is provided on the latch bolt, which has been given a resilient force in the projecting direction, to prevent movement in the retracting direction by directly colliding with the latch bolt or colliding with the retractable operating part/material, and the stopper or the control member that engages or is engaged with the stopper is made of a shape memory alloy that returns to its memorized shape when sensitive to heat,
A locking/unlocking device that releases the stopper from its abutting state.