JPS6023653A - Drive speed change gear of tractor and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize multistage gear changes from the main shaft to the running part with both a hydraulic clutch change gear and an auxiliary change gear with gear sliding system and to reduce a transmission gear in its size by providing independent rotations of a clutch shaft and running drive shaft under the main shaft by means of aligning these axial cores and also by installing a main change gear with a hydraulic clutch system as well as the auxiliary change gear with gear sliding system. CONSTITUTION:Four gears 40 are fixed to a main shaft C being supported with bearings 20, 30 above a transmission case A. The clutch shaft D of a hydraulic clutch change gear is set under the main shaft C together with the running drive shaft G of an auxiliary change gear with gear sliding system by means of aligning the cores of both shafts to allow independent rotations. Gears 62 are supported on the clutch shaft D, to be always engaged with the aforementioned plural gears 40 and a hydraulic actuator 69 is driven by high pressure oil contained in an oil duct 72 installed inside the clutch shaft D to come in contact with the clutch shaft D by the aid of a hydraulic clutch disk 70. A gear 62a above the clutch shaft D is used for backward movement and gears 62b, 62c and 62d are used for forward movement; low, second and third speed changes respectively.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (a) Industrial application field The present invention uses a hydraulic clutch type transmission for a traveling device such as a tractor that requires multiple gears. .

(B) Prior Art Conventional traveling transmissions in tractors, etc. can perform multi-step or stepless speed changes by arranging gear sliding type transmissions in series or by using a fluid-type continuously variable transmission device called a torque converter. That is what he meant. However, these tend to be large in size, and in the case of a gear sliding type, it is necessary to engage and disconnect the main clutch, and in the case of a torque converter, there are problems such as loss of transmitted power. It was.

(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to enable multi-stage shifting from the main shaft to the traveling section in a l-rafter using a hydraulic clasp type main transmission and a gear sliding type auxiliary transmission. The purpose is to downsize the transmission device. In addition, the clutch shaft with an oil passage and the travel drive shaft are arranged below the main shaft so that they can rotate separately, with all axes aligned, and a multi-stage transmission mechanism is configured with two shafts in the upper and lower directions within the transmission case. The machine body is made smaller by shortening the length in the direction, and a multi-stage hydraulic clutch type main transmission mechanism is provided that shifts the main shaft and clutch shaft into reverse and two or more stages forward through a gear group and a hydraulic clutch plate. The present invention provides a variable speed transmission device suitable for a tractor, which has few shaft support parts, can be configured in a small space, and is easy to assemble.

(d) Means for solving the problem The object of the present invention is as described above. Next, the structure of the device for achieving the object will be explained. A clutch shaft of a hydraulic clutch type main transmission and a travel drive shaft for performing a float sliding type auxiliary transmission are arranged in the lower part of the main shaft so as to be rotatable separately with their axes aligned with each other. , at least three or more gears fitted to the main shaft and corresponding gears fitted to the clutch shaft are always engaged, and transmission can be freely connected and disconnected between each corresponding gear and the clutch shaft via a hydraulic clutch plate. The clutch shaft is configured to perform speed changes of two or more reverse and forward speeds by switching the pressure oil in a plurality of communicating oil passages provided through the clutch shaft.

(E) Embodiments and Functions The objects and structure of the present invention are as described above, and will be explained in detail below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

Referring to Figure 1, there are two front axles 1, a handle 3, and a seat 4.
, an engine E is mounted on the front part of the fuselage having a lift arm 5, etc., and the lower part of the fuselage is composed of a clutch housing 6, a transmission case 8, and a rear case 8, which are connected to each other from the engine E toward the rear. Axles 9 are provided protruding from both sides of the case 8 toward the rear, and rear wheels 10 are mounted on each axle, and a PTO shaft 11 is provided protruding from the rear of the rear case 8.

The front part of the main clutch shaft 12 that falls inside the clutch housing 6 is connected to a clutch 13 connected to the engine E side, so that it can be operated to disconnect the clutch by pressing an actuating body 15 that is activated when the clutch pedal 14 is depressed. A bell-shaped opening 16 is formed in the center of the rear wall portion 6'' of the clutch housing 6, and the front wall portion 16 of the transmission case A is
Similarly, a pot-shaped opening 18 is formed in 7, and the front and rear surfaces of the side cover B are joined to the rear surface of the rear wall 6' and the front surface of the front wall 17. On the front surface, a large number of long groove-shaped oil passages 19 with a U-shaped cross section are formed by extending and bending them, as shown by solid lines in FIG. As shown by dotted lines in FIG. 5, a large number of long groove-shaped oil passages 19'' with a U-shaped cross section are formed in the portion that joins the wall portion 17 by extending and bending them, and in the through-hole portions at the upper and lower positions of the side cover B. are fitted with hair rings 20 and 20', respectively.

On the upper part of the front wall part 17 of the mission case A, there is a top wall part 21.
A thick wall portion 22 is formed, and within the thick wall portion 22, an oil passage 23 is formed by bending and extending from the top surface of the earthen wall portion 21 to the oil passage 19. 24 is provided so that the front wall portion 25 of the rear case 8 matches and is connected and fixed, and a support wall 27 that partitions the front chamber 26 and the rear chamber 26 is integrally formed inside the mission case A. Hair rings 30, 30' are fitted into the through holes at the upper and lower positions of the support wall 27, and a through hole 31 is formed in the lower part of the support wall 27, and a through hole part 32 is formed in the upper part.

A hair ring 33 and a large hair ring 33' are fitted in the upper and lower positions of the front wall 25 of the rear case 8, and bearings 36 are fitted in the upper and lower positions of the partition wall 34 and the rear wall 35 at the rear of the rear case 8, respectively.・A hydraulic case 38 is mounted on the upper part of the rear case 8, and a low pressure pipe 39 is installed from the inside to the outside at the front lower part of the rear case 8. It communicates with the pump case 56.

C indicates a main shaft, and the main shaft C is inserted from the front opening 18 side and assembled, and is supported from the tip to the rear by the bearings 20, 30, and 33, respectively, and the front chamber 26
Four gears 40a, 40b, 40c, and 40d, each having a different diameter, are fitted to the main shaft C portion in the rear chamber 26' so as to be locked in the rotational direction at intervals. 3 is fitted into the boss 50, and gears 51a, 51b, 5]c, and 51d are integrally formed at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the boss 50, and the rear end of the main shaft C is extends into the rear case 8.

Inside the clutch housing 6, the main launch shaft 1
A pump shaft 52 is connected to the rear end of 2 via a coupling 53, and the front end of the main shaft C protruding forward from the side cover B is brought into contact with the pump shaft 52, so that the main shaft C and the pump shaft 52 are connected to each other.
The pump case 56 of the pump gear 54 is connected by a spline engagement 55 with the pump gear 54 astride the pump gear 54.
is aligned with the front surface of the side wall B and fixed with the port 1-56'', and the discharge hydraulic pressure port 57 of the pump case 56 is communicated with a part of the oil passage 19' which communicates with a part of the oil passage group 23, and the pump case An oil passage 59 that communicates with the suction port 58 of 56 is formed in the side lid B, and a base 60 that communicates with the oil passage 59 is connected to the
A low-pressure vibro 1 fixed to the side of the II lid B and communicatively connected to the base 60 is extended and connected to the low-pressure pipe portion 39.

D is a flat 1-teeth Lasoji shaft directly below the main shaft C, the front and rear parts of the clutch shaft are supported by the bearings 20" and 30", and a hydraulic clutch type main transmission device F is attached to the clutch shaft. However, the device F has four gears 62a + 62b of different diameters at intervals around the clutch shaft.
62c and 62d are loosely fitted through bearings 63, and an idle gear 65 for puncture is cantilevered on the support shaft 64 mounted on the side MB, and the gears 40a and 6 are
2a meshes with the gear 65, and the gears 40b, 40c,
Gears 62b, 62C, and 62d are engaged with gears 40d, respectively, and between both gears 62a and 62b, a transmission body 67 having back-to-back cylinder parts 66a and 66b is fitted and fixed around the clutch shaft via a key 68, Both cylinders part 6
6a and 66b have actuators 69 and 6, respectively.
The actuator 69 is fitted between the cylinder parts 66a and 66b and the gears 62a and 62b.
・Hydraulic clutch slope 70 where each 69° is pressed and operated・
A large number of cylinders 6Gc and 66d, a transmission body 67', a key 68', The structure is made up of actuators 69a and 69a' and hydraulic clutch slopes 70a and 70a', and the gear 62c side is configured as a 2nd forward speed clutch, and the gear 62d side is configured as a 3rd forward speed clutch.

In addition, four circumferential grooves 71a, 71b, 71c, and 71d are formed at regular intervals on the tip of the clutch shaft extending from the front surface of the side cover B into the clutch housing 6.
Four oil passages 72 communicating with each circumferential groove are formed inside the clutch shaft to extend in the axial direction, and the cylinder part 66a
・Oil passages 7 formed in the transmission body 67 toward 66b
3 and 73', and oil passages 74 and 74' formed in the transmission body 67' toward the cylinder parts 66c and 66d, respectively. Grooves 71a, 71b, 71c, 71d
At the end of the clutch shaft in the section, there is a blind transfer tube 7 on one side.
5, and the transfer tube 75 is joined to the front surface of the side cover B, tightly fixed with bolts 76, and the oil passage 19 of the side cover B is connected.
19 degrees and the circumferential grooves 71a to 71d are formed in the transfer tube 75, and the space 7B between the clutch shaft tip and the transfer port 7575a is configured to communicate with the drain oil path 79.

A rear end portion of the clutch shaft is provided to protrude into the rear chamber 26', a gear portion 80 is formed in that portion, and the gear 51a is meshed with the gear portion 80. A shaft hole 81 is formed in the shaft hole 81, and the front end of the traveling drive shaft G is rotatably supported in the shaft hole 81 via a needle bearing 82, and the rear end is supported in a large hair ring at 33 degrees. Align the axes of the clutch shaft and travel drive shaft G, and then rotate the main shaft C.
A transmission gear 84 is configured to extend downward in parallel and is engaged with a spline 83 on the traveling drive shaft G. A transmission gear 84 is provided with a dog engagement 85 on the gear portion 8o and can be selectively engaged with the gear 51b. A gear IM dynamic sub-transmission device 11 is constructed by providing a two-stage transmission gear 84' with engagement 83 so as to be selectively meshed with the gears 51c and 51d.

In addition, both gears 84 and 84° are provided so that they can be shifted to 1 by both shifter forks 87 and 87'' that are operated from a speed change lever 86 provided above the rear chamber 26'.
A spiral gear +- 88 is formed at the rear end of the travel drive shaft G protruding into the rear case 8, and the gear 8tlt drives the differential device 89 to drive the intermediate shafts 91 and 91 having the brake section 90. ' is configured to be gear-transmitted to the axle 9.

The front end of the transmission shaft 11' is connected to the rear wheel portion of the main shaft C, which is supported by the bearing 33 and extended into the rear case 8, by a coupling 92, and the transmission shaft 11° is supported by hair rings 36 and 37. A two-stage variable speed gear 94, which is movable by a shifter make 93, is spline-engaged to the transmission shaft 11, and a second-stage gear 94° is loosely fitted, and a hair ring is installed below the transmission shaft 11°. 36'' and 37゛, one PTO shaft and one shaft are provided so as to protrude rearward from one wall and extract power, and the P'1゛0 shaft 11 is provided with a three-stage gear 94a that selectively meshes with the two-stage transmission gear 94. is loosely fitted, and one gear portion thereof is always meshed with one of the two-stage gears 94, and the other one of the two-stage gears 94 is fitted with a PT.
The gears 94b fitted into the O-shafts are always in mesh, and the PTO shafts and the PTO shafts are engaged in pline-engaged gear 94c. The gear 94b is provided with dog clutch type engagement 95a and 95b that can be selectively engaged.
Both shifter forks 93 and 93° are configured to be freely operable by an operating lever 96.

K indicates a hydraulic control valve having an accumulator 97, and the entire assembly is placed on the control valve in the transmission case.The spool S is moved and operated by the shifter M. A lever 98 is provided near the handle 3, and an operating lever 98 for operating the shift lever M extends in both directions.
The operating rod 98'' is provided so that it can be operated, and the pump case 56 is attached to the valve portion that goes around the spool S.
A large number of oil passages 99 are formed from the side to the hydraulic clutch type main transmission device F for reverse and forward three-way use and for drain, and each oil passage 99 communicates with each oil passage 23 in the thick walled portion 22 and also for drain use. Part of the oil 199゛ is the upper wall part 2
1 into the front chamber 26 to the mission case.

The above configuration!・For Shifuku, clutch pedal 1
4 is not depressed and the main clutch shaft 12 is rotated by connecting the clutch 13, the main shaft C rotates due to the connection via the pump gear 54, and the rotation of the pump gear 54 drives the hydraulic pump within the pump case 56. The oil accumulated in the rear case 8 is transferred from the low pressure pipe section 39 to the vibro 1 and the base 60. High-pressure oil is sucked into the pump gear 54 side through the oil passage 59 and discharged from the inside of the pump case 56. The high-pressure oil is sucked into the pump gear 54 side through the oil passage 59 and flows from the oil passage 19' on the side MB to the oil passage 23 on the thick walled part 22 and the oil passage 99 on the valve. In the neutral state, the oil flows from the drain oil passage 99 into the front chamber 26 of the transmission case A, becomes lubricating oil in the front chamber 26, and also lubricates the support wall 27.
It flows from the through hole 31 to the rear chamber 26, further into the rear case 8, and circulates again to the pump case 56 side from the low pressure pipe section 39.

When the driver operates the lever 98, the driver operates the hydraulic clutch type main transmission F-t to perform three reverse and forward speeds, and when the driver operates the gear shift lever 86, the gear sliding type sub-transmission I ( This shift operation can be used as a main shift and a sub-shift to set the number of gears to 12 forward speeds and 4 reverse speeds, and drive 10 rear wheels.

That is, in the gear shifting operation of the hydraulic clutch type main transmission device F, the spool S is moved to four stages using the shifter M by operating the lever 98, but the high pressure oil fed from the pump case 56 side is transferred to each spool. By S operation, each oil passage 99 is passed through the oil passage 23 of the thick wall part 22, the oil passages 19 and 19 of the side cover 3, and the oil passage 77 of the receiver tube 75 to the circumferential grooves 71a to 71d of the clutch shaft, respectively. The oil is fed under pressure and sent from each of the circumferential grooves 71a to 71d to the communicating oil passages 72 in the clutch shaft, and the oil passages 73, 73' -74-
74' to cylinder part 66a - 66b, 66c
・Can be operated to supply pressure oil into 66d.

Therefore, when the spool S is operated in reverse, high-pressure oil from the oil passage 73 activates the actuator 69 and presses the hydraulic clutch plate 70, which is transmitted to the gear 62a and the 'f' JJ body 67.
The gear 40a rotating together with the main shaft C rotates the clutch shaft backward through the idle gear 65, the gear 62a, the hydraulic clutch plate 70, and the transmission body 67, and the spool S
When you operate them respectively to forward 1st or 3rd speed, oil! 73
High pressure oil from 73', 74, and 74'' actuates actuators 69', 69a, and 69a'' to press hydraulic clutch plates 70', 70a, and 70a'', respectively.
Gears 62b, 62c, 62d and transmission bodies 67, 67
' is connected to the gear 40b that rotates together with the main shaft C.
40c and 40d are gears 62b and 62c and 62d
, hydraulic clutch plates 70', 70a, 70a', and transmission bodies 67, 67°, the clutch shaft can be rotated forward to perform respective speed change operations by different gear diameters.

In addition, in the gear change operation of the gear 18 dynamic sub-transmission device I, the shift lever 86 is operated to shift the shifter make 8.
7, the transmission gear 134 is moved to engage the gear part 80 of the clutch shaft in dog engagement 85, the clutch shaft and the travel drive shaft G can be directly connected to perform the first speed transmission operation, and the transmission gear 84 into selective meshing with the gear 51b;
Select 2-speed gear 84゛ as gear 51c/51d
? A transmission operation of 3 speeds can be performed by selecting and engaging J, and a total of 4 speeds of transmission operation can be performed from the clutch shaft to the travel drive shaft G.

In total, the rear end spiral gear 88 of the travel drive shaft G rotates at 4 reverse speeds and 12 forward speeds is the differential device 8.
It is possible to drive by rotating the wheel 9 to drive the rear wheels 10 on both sides.

Furthermore, when a working machine is installed at the rear of an agricultural tractor and power is transmitted to the working machine from the p'ro axis 11,
On the transmission shaft 11, which is rotating simultaneously on the extension of the main shaft C,
Moving the 2-speed gear 94 using the shift fork 93 and bringing it into selection nr'a with the 3rd-speed gear 94a,
Gear shift meshing with shifter make 93゛.

When the body 94c is moved and engaged with the gear 94b in a toss-over clutch type 951), a two-speed gear is created! ) 4 gears, 3rd gear 94a, 2nd gear 94', gear 94b = 2 rotations are transmitted to the p'r o shaft 1 via the gearbox 94c, and the gearbox 94c is transferred to the 3rd gear When the dog clutch type engagement 95a is applied to the gear 94a, the two-speed transmission gear 94
to the other two via the three-stage gear 94a and the transmission gear 94c.
A total of 4 speeds of PTO shaft shifting can be operated.

Note that when the clutch pedal 14 is depressed to disengage the clutch 13, the pump and all rotations stop.

(f) Effects of the Invention Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects.

First, a hydraulic clutch type main transmission and a gear sliding type auxiliary transmission are arranged, so multi-stage transmission can be performed.
Frequent gear shifts during work are performed by a hydraulic clutch-type main transmission, and gear sliding type sub-shifts are used to perform large-range gear shifts due to changes in the work system. This enabled a non-clutch change.

Second, the clutch shaft and traveling drive shaft of the hydraulic clutch type transmission, which are driven in conjunction with the main shaft below the main shaft, are made to coincide with their axes and can be rotated separately, resulting in a simple two-shaft shaft support structure. In addition, it is possible to perform multi-stage hydraulic clutch-type shifting between the main shaft and the clutch shaft, which allows reverse and two or more stages of forward shifting, and there are few shaft support parts, so it can be configured in a small space and can be miniaturized. This has the effect of facilitating assembly, maintenance, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an agricultural L-actor embodying the present invention;
Figure 2 is a diagram showing the outline of the rotating part, Figure 3 (a)
and (B) are side sectional views of the vicinity of the mission case, FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the front part of the mission case without showing the outline, and FIG. It is a front view. A...Mission case C...Main shaft D...Clutch shaft G...Travel drive shaft 40a-40d...Gear 60a-60d...Gear 70/70゛/70a
・70a'...Hydraulic clutch plate 72...Oil (? Applicant: Kanzaki Kogyoku Koki Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Agent, Patent attorney: Toshikazu Yano

Claims (1)

[Claims] A main shaft is mounted in the upper part of the transmission case, and a clutch shaft of a hydraulic clutch type main transmission device located below the main shaft is mounted in the lower part of the solution case, and a travel drive shaft that performs a gear sliding type auxiliary transmission. are arranged to be rotatable separately with their axes aligned, and at least three or more gears fitted on the main shaft are always in mesh with corresponding gears loosely fitted on the clutch shaft,
Transmission can be freely connected/disconnected between each corresponding gear and the clutch shaft via a hydraulic clutch slope, and by switching the pressure oil in the multiple communication oil passages penetrating the clutch shaft, it is possible to perform two or more reverse and forward speeds. A traveling transmission device for a tractor, etc., characterized in that it is configured to change speeds.