JPS603537A - Tension tester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure with high accuracy elongation of a sample by combining and using an ultraviolet-ray projector and a photodetector containing detector, and providing jointly each machine element. CONSTITUTION:When measuring elongation of a sample first of all, only mark lines 2, 3 are made to emit light by irradiating ultraviolet-ray from projectors 6, 10, to two mark lines 2, 3 marked on the sample 1. Emitted light is photodetected by photodetecting parts 7, 11, respectively. As for the quantity of emitted light of each mark line, which has been photodetected in this way, its ultraviolet-ray is cut by a filter 34 placed in the photodetector, and only visible light is condensed by a convex lens 35, led into a multi-element semiconductor detector 36, and rotates balancing motors 5, 9. When rotation of these balancing motors 5, 9 occurs, as for one thing, projecting and photodetecting device moving screws 14, 15 are rotated, projecting and photodetecting devices 6, 7, 10 and 11 consisting of a pair of a projector and a photodetector, respectively are tracked automatically to each mark line 2, 3, and said projecting and photodetecting devices are displaced until they reach a balanced state, and as for the other thing, elongation detectors 4, 8 attached and provided on the end part of the balancing motors 5, 9 are operated, and a displacement signal of the projector and the photodetector is transmitted and led into an elongation difference operator 12.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a tensile testing machine, and more specifically, by using an ultraviolet lamp and irradiating the marked line on the sample in advance, only the second marked line on the sample is emitted, and the emitted light is This invention relates to a tensile testing machine equipped with a device that detects light and measures the elongation of a wide variety of samples in a non-contact manner and with high precision.

Conventional methods for measuring elongation in a sample include direct measurement, in which a scale is placed on the sample and a person directly reads the elongation, non-contact measurement, in which visible light is used, and elongation measurement jig is attached to the sample. There is a contact measurement method that measures elongation rather than the amount of displacement of the tool, but the direct measurement method involves visually tracking the length between the gauge lines as it moves from moment to moment, and is not suitable for high-precision measurement. In addition, the non-contact method using visible light can be applied to a wide variety of products, such as plastics and rubber, which have a large amount of elongation.

When applied to various colored objects, the disadvantage is that it is not possible to accurately measure the elongation of all samples due to problems such as the background color changing as the elongation of the sample increases and the contrast between the sample background and the marking line changing. There is. For example, in the case of a black sample, if a black sample is marked with a white marking line and pulled, the black sample will turn white and cannot be distinguished from the white marking line. In addition, when a black sample is marked with a marked line in a red color and pulled, the red on the marked line is brighter than the black of the sample before the tension is applied, but as the load is applied and the sample is pulled, the sample changes color to white and the marked line is pulled. It becomes brighter than the red color of the line, and the brightness of the sample is reversed, making it impossible to detect the marked line. However, visible light from the projector is reflected from the discolored and whitened portion and enters the receiver, making it even more impossible to detect the marked line.

For these reasons, it is impossible to use visible light to measure the elongation of all samples of various types and colors.

On the other hand, the contact measurement method involves the trouble of attaching a jig for elongation measurement to the sample each time a measurement is made, and the weight of the jig when it is broken often causes errors. In particular, with samples such as films that are cut with a small tensile load, stress is applied to the jig attachment point, and there are problems such as cutting from the jig attachment point, making it impossible to measure elongation.

Thus, in any of these conventional measurement methods, various improvements are still being made to enable highly accurate measurements.

The present invention addresses the above-mentioned current situation and aims to measure elongation of a wide variety of colored samples with high precision, which has been difficult to measure using either the non-contact method or the contact method. Although it is a contact method, it aims to provide a tensile testing machine with an improved measuring device, focusing on those who use ultraviolet 1'' as the light source of the projector.

That is, the features of the present invention include a light projector using an ultraviolet lamp as a light source and a detector that receives the emitted light of a sample that emits light upon irradiation from the projector and detects the amount of incident light. At least two pairs of light emitting/receiving devices are arranged at intervals in the elongation direction of the sample, and the light emitting/receiving device is arranged as a pair in the elongation direction of the sample. A tracking mechanism that automatically tracks the marked line marked with fluorescent paint on the top, a respective elongation detector that transmits a displacement signal of each light emitting and receiving device in conjunction with the operation of the tracking mechanism, and both elongation detectors. This tensile testing machine consists of a differential elongation calculator that receives signals received from the tester and calculates the difference between them.

In the measurement method using the tester of the present invention, a marked line is marked on a sample with fluorescent paint, and ultraviolet rays are irradiated to cause only the marked line to emit light. The effects of reflected light such as ultraviolet rays from areas that turn white when the sample is pulled under load can be resolved by attaching a filter to the receiver. In this way, the only incident light that enters the detector is the light from the gauge line, and the tester of the present invention allows the elongation of a wide variety of colored samples to be measured with high precision.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the tensile testing machine of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows an outline of the tensile testing machine according to the present invention. In the figure, (6) α0) irradiates ultraviolet rays to marked lines (2) and (3) marked with fluorescent paint on the sample (1), respectively. floodlight,
(7) (1) is a light receiver that receives and detects the light emitted from the sample that emits light upon receiving each irradiation from the light emitters (6) and (10);
Two pairs of light emitting/receiving devices (6) (7)
), (10), and (11), and are arranged so as to correspond to marked lines (2) and (3), respectively, marked at intervals in the elongation direction of the sample, and constitute the basic elements of a tensile testing machine. ing.

And this double light emitting/receiving device (6) (7), (10)
(11) are balanced electric motors (5) that rotate according to detection by a detector included in the light receiver (7) and (11), which will be described later.
) The moving screw 0 rotates by the rotation of (9).
4:+ Q5), and the receiver (7) (11
) is configured so that the six pairs of light projecting/receiving devices (a) (7), Cl0) (11) can be automatically tracked to the marked lines (2) and (3), respectively, by detecting the amount of light incident on the ing.

On the other hand, (4) and (8) are the balanced motors (5) and (9).
The elongation detector is an elongation detector that transmits the displacement of six pairs of light emitting/receiving devices (6) (7) , (], 0) (11) consisting of the light emitter and the light receiver as a displacement signal in response to the rotation of the light emitter and the light receiver. They are attached to the ends of the electric motors (5) and (9), respectively, and input the transmitted signals to a differential expansion calculator 02), and record the calculation results on a recorder (13) as necessary.

The tensile tester of the present invention is based on the above-mentioned configurations, but its most important features are a light emitter (6) α0) whose light source is an ultraviolet lamp and a corresponding light receiver. (7) This is the configuration of (11).

Figures 2 and 3 show details of the emitter (6) θ0) and the receiver (7) (11), and show the emitter (6) θ0) and receiver (7) (11) in detail.
6) In (10), an ultraviolet lamp (26) is used as a light source, and the radiation from the lamp (26) is transmitted through a concave mirror (26).
7) and a convex lens (25) to efficiently irradiate the marked lines (2) and (8) of the sample (1). In particular, a filter (24) that cuts visible light from the ultraviolet lamp C26) is used. The irradiation of the marked lines (2) and (3) is performed only with ultraviolet light, and a structure is adopted in which the influence of reflection from the sample (1), which would be a problem when irradiated with visible light, is eliminated.

On the other hand, each light receiver (7) (11), as shown in FIG. Convex lens (1) that cuts ultraviolet rays and focuses only visible light.
3, and a multi-element semiconductor detector (36) that collects and detects the amount of incident light, and improves reliability by focusing only visible light with a convex lens (351) and introducing it into the detector (36). It depends on the composition.

In addition, in the configuration of the light receivers (7) (11), in particular, the multi-element semiconductor detector (36) divides the multi-element into two equal parts, and the multi-element semiconductor detector (36A) (
The output of 36B) is amplified by each amplifier (37) (38) and further inputted to a differential amplifier (39) for amplification and rotates each balanced motor (5) (9). It is being

That is, if each photoreceiver (7) (11) and each marked line (2) (3) of the sample (1) perfectly correspond to each other, it is a multi-element semiconductor detector (36). 2yu□1e□ye1□(36A)
(36B). 1 output is equal, the output of the differential amplifier (39) becomes zero, and the balanced motors (5) and (9) become stationary.

On the other hand, the marked lines (2) (3) and the receiver (7) (
11), a difference will occur in the outputs of the equally divided multi-element semiconductor detectors (36A) (36B),
The balance motors (5) and (9) continue to rotate until the above difference disappears, and the light emitting and receiving device consisting of a pair of light emitter and light receiver is displaced to center the marked lines (2) and (8) of the sample (1), respectively. Automatic tracking is always possible with high precision.

Thus, the tensile testing machine of the present invention has the configuration as described above, and when measuring the elongation of a sample, first, as shown in FIG.
By irradiating (3) with ultraviolet rays from the projectors (6) and (10), only the marked lines (2) and (3) are caused to emit light. The emitted light is then received by the respective light receivers (7) (]1).

The amount of light emitted from each of the received marks is then filtered by a filter (34) in the light receiver shown in Figure 3 to remove ultraviolet rays, and only visible light is focused by three convex lenses to be detected by a multi-element semiconductor. The light is introduced into the detector (36), detected by the detector (36), and emits an analog signal, which rotates the balanced motors (5) and (9) through an amplification effect in the photoreceiver.

When this balanced motor (5) (9) rotates, 1
One is to rotate the light emitting/receiving device moving screw 0 → (15), and the light emitting/receiving device (6) (7) consisting of a pair of emitter and receiver is rotated.
), (10)01) for each marked line (2) (3
), and displaces the dual photodetector until it reaches an equilibrium state, and as another balance motor (5)
Elongation detector (4) attached to the end of (9) (
8) Activate the floodlight.

A displacement signal from the light receiver is transmitted and introduced into a differential expansion calculator (12).

Thus, when the transmission signals from each elongation detector (4) (8) are introduced in this way, the difference between both signals is calculated by the elongation difference calculator θ2), and both the gauge lines (2) ( 3
) can be automatically measured.

As described above, by using a combination of an ultraviolet light projector and a light receiver including a detector, and installing each element together, it becomes possible to measure the elongation of a sample with high precision.

The above explanation is based on the case where the set of light emitting and receiving devices is two pairs, but as the number of gauge lines increases, if the number is increased as appropriate, the elongation between multiple gauge lines can be simultaneously achieved. It can also be measured, and design changes can be made as desired.

As described above, the present invention uses an ultraviolet lamp as the light source of the projector and irradiates the sample with the marked line in advance, so that only the marked line on the sample emits light, and the emitted light is used with a detector. This system automatically tracks the paired emitter and receiver to the marked line based on this information, and is also equipped with an elongation detector and an elongation difference calculator to measure the elongation between the marked lines and perform a tensile test. The tracking mechanism enables the light emitting and receiving device to automatically track the center of the sample's mark line with high precision at all times, and together with the use of light emitted by ultraviolet irradiation, it is possible to detect rubbers and plastics, which were previously difficult to achieve with non-contact or contact methods. In addition to making it possible to measure the elongation with extremely high accuracy even when applied to samples with a large amount of elongation such as those with a wide variety of colors and materials whose background changes in color due to tension, this method also eliminates the inconvenience of mounting a jig. Therefore, it also has a very useful effect in promoting automation by minimizing the causes of errors.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the tensile testing machine of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are structural explanatory diagrams of the projector and receiver in FIG. 1. (1)・・・・・・・・・・Sample, (2) (3)
・Curves・marked lines. (4) (8)---Elongation detector, (5) (9
)...Curved balance electric motor. (6) (10)...Floodlight, (7) (11)
...Curved receiver. (12)・・・・・・・・・Difference calculator, o3)・
Song/recorder. (24) (34)・・・・・・Phil l-, (26
)・Song・・Ultraviolet lamp. (37) (38)......Amplifier, (39)...
Song/differential amplifier. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A light receiving device that includes a light projector using an ultraviolet lamp as a light source, and a detector that receives the emitted light from a sample that emits light upon irradiation from the projector and detects the amount of incident light. at least two pairs of light emitting/receiving devices arranged at intervals in the elongation direction of the sample; a tracking mechanism that automatically tracks a marked line marked with fluorescent paint; a respective elongation detector that transmits a displacement signal for each light emitting/receiving device in accordance with the operation of the tracking mechanism; 1. A tensile tester comprising: a difference in elongation calculator which receives a transmission signal and calculates the difference. 2. The tensile testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the detector included in the light receiver is a multi-element semiconductor detector. 8. The tensile testing machine according to claim 2, wherein the multi-element semiconductor detector included in the light receiver comprises a multi-element semiconductor divided into two equal parts. 4. The tensioning device according to claim 1, 2 or 8, wherein the tracking mechanism comprises a balance motor that rotates in accordance with a detection signal from a detector of a light receiver, and a moving screw that rotates as the motor rotates. testing machine. 5. A tensile testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the calculation results of the differential elongation calculator are recorded by a recorder.