JPS6040975A - Self-tracking current supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable tracking without crosstalk to an arbitrary arrival polarized wave, by supplying a reference signal and an error signal led out from dextro- rotary/levo-rotary circular polarized wave components to a tracking receiver. CONSTITUTION:An arrival radio wave is received by a radiator 11 and higher- order mode outputs TE01, TM01 are taken out by couplers 12, 13 while error signals VH, VE due to dextro-rotary/levo-rotary circular polarized wave components are taken out by a hybrid 15. The higher-order mode outputs are converted to orthogonal outputs EX, EY through 180 deg./90 deg. phase shift type polarizers 16, 17, a polarization wave divider 20, low noise receivers 21, 23 and directional couplers 22, 24. The outputs EX, EY are converted through an orthogonal polarization wave divider 25, an 180 deg. polarizer 26 and a polarization wave divider 27 while the converted outputs are synthesized by a hybrid 28 and the synthesized output is converted to a reference signal through an orthogonal polarization wave divider 29, phase shifters 30, 31, 35 and an orthogonal polarization wave divider 36 to be supplied to a tracking receiver along with the error signals.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a self-tracking feeding system for an antenna that accurately points in the direction of arrival of radio waves with a quick response.

Conventionally, in order to accurately point the antenna in the direction of arrival of radio waves, when the direction of the antenna deviates from the direction of arrival of radio waves,
A self-tracking method has been put into practical use in which a direction error signal is obtained using a higher-order mode wave excited in the radiation feeding part of the antenna, and the antenna is automatically driven to cancel the direction error signal.

Among these self-tracking methods using higher-order mode waves, two
In the case of a power supply device equipped with mode detectors, it is easy to obtain a direction error signal because it senses all polarizations from linear polarization to circular polarization of incoming radio waves, so it is often used. There is.

Such a conventional example will be explained with reference to the graph of FIG. 1 showing the coordinate relationship between the arriving wave and the tracking antenna.
θ is the angular difference between the antenna H direction and the incoming wave source, and the orthogonal component of the direction error is therefore.

ΣH=θcosφ, ΣV−θsinφ. Arriving wave P
teeth.

P=K(ecoωt + be−coωt) ecoγ−
-(1), and - film-formed arbitrary polarization. Formula (1
), is a constant that normalizes the voltage of the incoming radio wave, and includes a value below 1. b indicates elliptical polarization, b=
When it is 0, it is right-handed circularly polarized wave, when it is b-1, it is linearly polarized wave, and b-(2
), the wave becomes left-handed circularly polarized. γ represents the inclination angle representing the long axis direction of the arriving radio wave.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional self-tracking power feeding system suitable for the above-mentioned tracking antenna. In this figure, 1 indicates that the primary radiator 12 of the antenna is T
E01 mode coupler.

6 is a TM, 1 mode coupler, and 4 is a 90 degree phase shifter.

5 is a synthetic hybrid, 6 is a switch, 7-1 is 180
degree type polarizer, 7-2 is a 90 degree type polarizer, 8
-1 and 8-2 are geared motors/angle detectors that drive polarizers 7-1 and 7-2, respectively; 9 is a polarization splitter; 10-1; 10-3 is a circular polarization generator; 10- 2
is a 180 degree polarizer. Now, when the direction of an arbitrary arriving radio wave deviates from the axial direction of the primary radiator 1, the mode couplers 2 and 6 have voltages due to higher-order modes as shown in equations (2) and (3), respectively.

V, = to θ(sin(ωt+r-φ) −bsin
(ωt r ten φ))...(2) v2- to 2 θ(cos(ωt-+-r-φ) -b
cos (ωt−r+φ)) (6) is detected. Here, if a phase shift of 90 degrees is given to v2 by the phase shifter 4, and the value when the amplitudes of 2 and 2 are made equal is set as k and synthesized by the hybrid 5, the in-phase terminal 5-1 at the output and the reverse phase terminal 5-2,
Each vH=1(Kθ5in(ωt+γ−φ)・
=-(4) vH output θbsin(ωt-r+φ)...
・Voltage (5) is obtained.

On the other hand, radio waves in fundamental wave mode (TE?+ mode).

It passes through the polarizer 7-1 of the rotary valve γ, and the polarizer 7-2 of the rotation angle γ, and is received by the polarization splitter 9, which is used as a reference signal. This reference signal has output voltages expressed by equations (6) and (7), respectively, at the X-axis component terminal 9-1 and Y-axis component terminal 9-2 of the polarization splitter 9.

FiX=C・KAsinW++0Kb−'Be1nW2
−・−(6) By=CKBsinW1−CKb−Asj
nW2-.(7) is obtained. here.

C is a constant that includes 1 seedling A = cos γt 10 sin r + B = cos
r+ -sin 7'+W1-ωt+γ-2γ2+γ
1 w2 = ω represents - γ + 2 γ2 - γ1. Conventionally, since this reference signal passes through the same route as the communication signal, it has been put into practical use on the assumption that the arriving wave is linearly polarized, right-handed, or left-handed circularly polarized. For example, for right-handed circularly polarized waves, that is, b=o, γ,=
Fix it at 45°. At this time.

EX=OK-y'1 sin (ωt+r-2r2+7EY
=0. If γ2-constant, the phase variation term of +EX is γ
It can be converted as shown in formula (8) below. By using the signal expressed by equation (8) as a reference signal and using two multipliers from this reference signal and the signal expressed by equation (4), a signal with a DC component proportional to θsjnφ and θcosφ can be obtained. It will be done. In exactly the same way.

b-(2), ie, left-handed circular polarization, θsinφ and θCO8φ can be obtained from the same signal as equation (8) and the signal expressed by equation (5). Also, when b-1, that is, linearly polarized wave, γ is set to 20, and the rotation angle of the polarizer 8 is driven so that it becomes 2γ2-γ, so +EX+
Or EY becomes C'.K 8in Oat.

On the other hand, the error signals given by equations (4) and (5) are:

Since each kKθ5in (ωt±γKφ), two circularly polarized wave generators 10 are used to cancel the inclination angle γ of the arriving polarized wave.
-1. A phase shifter composed of a 180 degree polarizer 10-2 and a circularly polarized wave generator 10-3 is used. This phase shifter converts an input wave into a circularly polarized wave by a circularly polarized wave generator 10-1, and then converts the input wave into a circularly polarized wave by a 180 degree phase shift type polarizer 10-1.
2, and is again converted into a linearly polarized wave by the circularly polarized wave generator 10-6.

At this time, the amount of phase shift of the output wave is twice the rotation angle of the polarizer 10-2, so by driving the polarizer 10-2 with the geared motor/angle detector 8-1 of the drive unit, the tilt can be changed. The angle γ can be canceled out.

However, in the conventional self-tracking power supply system described above, the incoming polarized waves are linearly polarized waves or right-handed circularly polarized waves.

Alternatively, since the operation is performed assuming left-handed circularly polarized waves, the reference signal includes a phase term that fluctuates when the arriving polarized wave becomes elliptically polarized, so that independent angular error signals for θc6sφ and θsinφ cannot be obtained. or.

There is a drawback that the circuit configuration of the reference signal must also be changed depending on the type of incoming polarized wave.

The purpose of this invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and to provide a complete self-tracking power supply system without crosstalk, even for all types of arriving polarized waves, without changing the configuration of the two circuits. .

According to the present invention, among the higher-order mode waves excited in the antenna radiation feeding section according to the deviation of the receiving antenna direction axis with respect to the arrival direction of radio waves, an error signal due to two higher-order mode waves and an error signal from the fundamental wave mode are detected. In a self-tracking feed system that tracks the direction of the antenna by comparison control with the obtained reference signal, the outputs of the higher-order mode couplers that generate the two higher-order mode waves are combined in a hybrid, and the output voltage of the hybrid is An error signal generation means that separates the reference signal into a right-handed circularly polarized component and a left-handed circularly polarized component; and means for generating an orthogonal component representing a direction error for each circularly polarized wave component obtained from the separating means, with the output of the orthogonal component generating means as a reference. A self-tracking power supply system is obtained, which is characterized in that the base ff, Ii signals and the error signal obtained from the error signal generating means are sent to a receiver for tracking control. .

Next, two embodiments of the self-tracking power feeding system according to the present invention will be described with reference to two drawings.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment according to the present invention. According to this example, incoming radio waves are received by the primary radiator 11 of the antenna, TE, mode coupler 12 and TMa, respectively.

Two Akaneji mode outputs are taken out by the mode coupler 16. One of them is given a phase shift of 90 degrees by phase shift 2 (14) to make the amplitudes of both outputs the same, and then synthesized by the hybrid 15. The output of this high print 15 is ) The voltage V due to the right-handed circularly polarized component and the voltage VE due to the left-handed circularly polarized component are given by the formula
It is taken out separately.

On the other hand, in order to obtain signals used for communication that do not contain mutual interference components for arriving waves of arbitrary polarization.

A rotatable 180 degree phase shift type polarizer 16 and a 90 degree phase shift type polarizer 17 are provided in a communication signal passage path. In this case, the reference signal also passes through the same path as the communication signal path.

The rotation angle of the polarizer 17 is set to γ1. Polar Rise'16
When the rotation angle is γ2, the signal voltages ]88x and EY given by the above equations (6) and (7) are obtained at the orthogonal output terminals 20-1 and 20-2 of the polarization splitter 20. These signal voltages are amplified by low-noise receivers 21 and 26, respectively, and then branched by directional couplers 22 and 24, leading one to output terminals 22-1 and 24-1, and the other to output terminals 22-1 and 24-1, respectively. It is applied to the orthogonal polarization splitter 25. The output of the orthogonal polarization splitter 25 is detected by the polarization splitter 27 via a 180 degree polarizer 26 which can be simultaneously rotated by a control system. The two outputs detected here are relative to the signals EX and EY given in equations (6) and (7) above.

E'X = C K (Acos2'r, -Bsin2r
5) sin W.

+CKb(Asin2r, +Bcos2r, )sin
W2- (9) E'y = OK (Asin2r3-B
cos2γ, ) sin W.

-CKb(Acos2r3-BS1n2r5) sin
W2 - (10) It becomes a signal that has been converted into a throat. Here, γ is the rotation angle of the polarizer 26 + C+ K+
B+ A+ B+ Wl and W2 are polarizer 1
When the rotational angles of 7 and 16 are given as γ1 and γ2, respectively, the expressions are the same as those used in equation (7).

Now, in the above equations (9) and (10), 2γ,=
When γ1 is set, each output voltage is (11) Onibi (
12) Equation becomes. These signal voltages are orthogonally output by the polarization splitter 27.

E-rent = cxsinw, 1CKbsinV/2...
...(11) E S = CK Sln W, CK b
73 in W2 -・"' (12) The signals EQ and E4 obtained by the above equations (11) and (12) are combined by the hybrid 28. Its output is expressed by the equations (16) and (14). The signal voltage E as shown in
a and Eb, and output lines 28a and 28, respectively.
Obtained in b. These voltages serve as reference signals for each of the right-handed and left-handed circularly polarized components, which do not change depending on the rotation angle γ of the polarizer 17.

Ea= C'K sin Wl --(13)El)
= C'K・bsin W2−− (14) The above voltages Ea and Eb are
Two 90 degree polarizers 60 and 65 with inclined phase transition surfaces, and a rotatable one sandwiched between them.
After simultaneously passing through a phase shifter consisting of an 80 degree polarizer 61, the signal is divided again by an orthogonal polarization splitter 66
jjji. When the rotation angle of the polarizer 61 is γ4, the output lines 36a and 36b of the orthogonal polarization splitter filter 6 are connected to the output lines 36a and 36b according to equations (15) and (16), respectively.

E', =-0'Kcos(W, -2r4) --(1
5) Ei=c'Kbcos(w2+2r4) --(
16) signal appears.

Here, in the above equations (15) and (16).

W, =ω is 1γ−2γ2+γ1. W2-ω is 1γ+2γ
2-γ1, by giving the polarizer 31 a rotation angle γ4 of 2γ4-γ, -2γ2, (15
) and the voltage signal of equation (16) are respectively E piece = −C'K cos (ωt +r) −−(
17) EQ=C'Kbcos(ωt-r) --(
18). These two signal voltages are used as reference signals.

These reference signals are fed to the tracking receiver along with error signals determined by equations (4) and (5). In the tracking receiver, four multipliers are used to perform one multiplication, and the result is the DC component of the output signal.

y, == CII K2θsinφ −−(19)y
2== c II K2θCO8φ −−(20)v,
=c II K2 b2θsinφ −-= (21
)V4-CIIK2b2θcosφ...(22)
is obtained. Of these DC signals + ■5 and ■
By swapping the polarity of the signals of 4 to V, +V, and V, 10V4
Then, since K is a constant proportional to 1247i+b10,000, vy-c which does not include the elliptical polarization coefficient of the arriving wave
IIIθsinφ and Vx = C'''θcosφ can be obtained.

In FIG. 6, the part indicated by the broken line shows the drive control system of the polarizer, in which the gear/motor 19 receives the signal C2 from the control section and drives the 90-degree polarizer 17. The 180-degree polarizer 26 is driven via a reducer 32 coupled to the motor 19 and making nine rotation angles. Also, the gear/motor 18
similarly receives the signal C1 from the control section and drives the polarizer 16 by 180 degrees. The drive circuit 36 receives the controlled rotation angle γ2 of the 180-degree polarizer 16 obtained from the gear/motor 18 and the controlled rotation angle γ1 of the 90-degree polarizer 17 obtained from the reducer 62, and calculates (2γ2-γ,)/
Perform 2 rotations. Gear/motor 64 is drive circuit 33
The polarizer 61 operates in conjunction with the polarizer 61 to drive the 180-degree polarizer 61.

In the above embodiment, a case has been described in which a conventional 180-degree polarizer and a 90-degree polarizer are provided in the circuit through which the two communication signals and the reference signal pass.

When there is no 90 degree polarizer, that is, 9 in FIG.
If there is no 0 degree polarizer 17, orthogonal polarization splitter 25
．． The polarizer 26 and polarization splitter 27 become unnecessary.

Furthermore, if the 180 degree polarizer 16 is not used, the 90 degree polarizer 17 is used fixed at 45 degrees, so the orthogonal polarization splitter 29. However, the polarizers 30, 31, 35 and the orthogonal polarization demultiplexer 56 become unnecessary.

The operating principle will be exactly the same.

As is clear from the above description, 1.According to the present invention, 2.Independent of the operation of the 180-degree polarizer and 90-degree polarizer used for processing communication signals, Since it is possible to obtain completely orthogonal direction error voltages that do not interfere with each other, there is no need to change the circuit configuration for arriving signal waves of arbitrary polarization, thus increasing the flexibility of the system and The effect of improving economic efficiency is significant.

Remaining days below

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a graph showing the coordinate relationship between the arriving wave and the tracking antenna, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional self-tracking power feeding system, and Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment according to the present invention. It is. In the figure, 11 is the primary radiator of the antenna. 12 is a TKo+mode coupler, 13 is a TMo mode coupler, 14 is a phase shifter, and 15 is a hybrid. 16 is a 180 degree polarizer, 17 is a 9 [1 degree polarizer, 1B, 19.34 is a gear/motor. 20 is a polarization splitter, and 21.23 is a low noise receiver. 22 and 24 are directional couplers, and 25 is an orthogonal polarization splitter. 26 is a 180 degree polarizer, and 27 is a polarization demultiplexer. 28 is a hybrid, 29 is an orthogonal polarization splitter. 30 and 35 are 90 degree polarizers, 61 is a 180 degree polarizer, 32 is a speed reducer, and 33 is a drive circuit. 36 is an orthogonal polarization splitter. (Volunteer to write procedural amendments) Showa l? Kazuo Wakasugi, Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office, July 2nd, 2007 1. Indication of the case 1982 Patent Review No. 148,756 2. Title of the invention: Self-tracking power supply system 6. Relationship with the amended person's case. Name of the patent applicant. (423) NEC Corporation 4, Agent 105 Address 1-4-10 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo -- (2 others) 5. Subject of amendment a) Detailed explanation of the invention in the specification Column 6, Contents of amendment a) As follows (1) Page 4, line 12 of the specification, equation (3) [v2- to 2 to θ(cos (ωt+r-φ) -bcos (ωt
−r ten φ))” to “■2− to 2 θ(cos(ωt+r−φ)+bCO8
(ωt−r×φ))” is corrected. (2) "90 degrees" on page 4, line 15 of the specification is corrected to "-90 degrees." (3) Add the following sentence between lines 8 and 9 on page 15 of the specification. [1] In the above embodiment, two higher-order mode outputs are extracted by the TMo, mode and TEo, mote couplers, but a pair of orthogonal TE2. Even if a mode coupler is used, voltages due to higher-order modes similar to those in equations (2) and (3) above. Vζ=toζθ(cos(ωt”, r+φl + bc
os (ωt −r−φ))V4 = to 4 Kθ(si
n (ωt+r×φ) −bsin(ωt−r−φ))
is detected. Then, the phase shifter 4 shown in FIG. -1 and 5-2, a voltage of v'H - kKθ strong (ωt + r + φ) VQ = -kKθbSin (ωt - r - φ) is obtained, respectively. Therefore, the equations (17 and (18) in the above example With the reference signal of Q
Since it is possible to obtain a voltage with the same amplitude as the DC component expressed by equations 9)-(22), if the polarity is converted and synthesized, Vy-C"'θ
5111φ and Vx-C"'θCOSφ can be obtained." 449-

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Among the higher-order mode waves excited in the antenna radiation feeding section according to the deviation of the receiving antenna direction axis with respect to the arrival direction of the radio wave, an error signal due to two higher-order mode waves and a reference signal obtained from the fundamental wave mode In the self-tracking power feeding system that tracks the direction of the antenna by comparison control with
Generates an error signal that combines the outputs of high-order mode couplers that generate two high-order mode waves using a hybrid, and separates the output voltage of the high print into a right-handed circularly polarized component and a left-handed circularly polarized component. means for separating the reference signal in the reference mode from the same path as the communication signal path into a voltage resulting from a right-handed circularly polarized component and a voltage resulting from a left-handed circularly polarized component; and a voltage obtained from the separating means. means for generating an orthogonal component representing a direction error for each circularly polarized wave component, the output of the orthogonal component generating means being used as a reference signal, and the reference signal and the error signal obtained from the error signal generating means being A self-tracking power supply system characterized by sending power to a receiver for tracking control.