JPS6043111A - Method of oiling cylinder and device therefor - Google Patents
Method of oiling cylinder and device thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6043111A JPS6043111A JP14968683A JP14968683A JPS6043111A JP S6043111 A JPS6043111 A JP S6043111A JP 14968683 A JP14968683 A JP 14968683A JP 14968683 A JP14968683 A JP 14968683A JP S6043111 A JPS6043111 A JP S6043111A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- oil
- cylinder oil
- liner
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N29/00—Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は内燃機関のシリンダ注油法及びその装置に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for lubricating a cylinder of an internal combustion engine.
第１図はシリンダ注油を行う内燃機関のピストンリング
、シリンダライナ部とシリンダ注油系を示す。同図にお
いて、１はシリンダライナ、２はピストン、３はピスト
ンリング、４はシリンダ注油棒、５はシリンダ油ストッ
クタンク、６は送油管、７は・ぐルプ、８は注油器、９
は注油導管である。ピストンリング３はシリンダ内の高
温、高圧ガスをシールするものであるが、シリンダライ
ナ１と摺動する。摺動を滑らかにするだめに、シリンダ
注油棒４を用いて、シリンダ油を吐出させる。FIG. 1 shows the piston ring, cylinder liner, and cylinder lubrication system of an internal combustion engine that performs cylinder lubrication. In the figure, 1 is a cylinder liner, 2 is a piston, 3 is a piston ring, 4 is a cylinder oil filler rod, 5 is a cylinder oil stock tank, 6 is an oil pipe, 7 is a group, 8 is a lubricator, 9
is the lubrication conduit. The piston ring 3 seals high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside the cylinder, and slides on the cylinder liner 1. In order to make the sliding smooth, cylinder oil is discharged using the cylinder oiling rod 4.
このシリンダ油はシリンダ油ストックタンク５に貯蔵さ
れており、送油管６とパルプ７によりシリンダ注油器８
へ送られる。注油器８がら吐出されたシリンダ油は注油
導管９により注油棒４へ送られる。This cylinder oil is stored in a cylinder oil stock tank 5, and is delivered to a cylinder lubricator 8 by an oil pipe 6 and pulp 7.
sent to. Cylinder oil discharged from the oiler 8 is sent to the oiler rod 4 through an oiler conduit 9.
第２図はシリンダライナ１のピストンリング３との摺動
画の摩耗曲線を示したもので１通常摩耗値が最大となる
のは、ピストン２が上死点（ＴＤＣ）にあるときのトッ
プリングの位置付近のａの部分である。内燃機関の中で
、特に粗悪燃料油を使用する舶用中低速のディーゼルエ
ンノンでは、燃料中のいおう分が硫酸となるので腐食摩
耗や燃焼残渣等に」＝る機械的な研削摩耗等が太き々問
題となる。Figure 2 shows the wear curve of the sliding motion of the cylinder liner 1 and the piston ring 3. 1 Normally, the wear value is maximum when the top ring is at the top dead center (TDC). This is the part a near the position. Among internal combustion engines, particularly in mid- to low-speed marine diesel engine engines that use poor quality fuel oil, the sulfur in the fuel turns into sulfuric acid, which causes a large amount of mechanical grinding wear and corrosion, such as corrosion and combustion residue. This often becomes a problem.
第３図の破線及び実線は、 ＴＤＣにおけるトップリン
グ位置付近のシリンダライナ表面温度に対するシリンダ
ライナ摩耗率の特性例を示す。The broken line and solid line in FIG. 3 show an example of the characteristics of the cylinder liner wear rate with respect to the cylinder liner surface temperature near the top ring position at TDC.
一般に表面１品度が高く々ると、油の粘度が下がり油膜
形成の割合が減シ、摩耗率が高くなる。燃料中のいおう
分の少々い曳質油を使う場合には。Generally, as the surface quality increases, the viscosity of the oil decreases, the rate of oil film formation decreases, and the wear rate increases. When using lubricant oil, which has a slightly lower sulfur content in the fuel.
はぼ第３図の破線Ｂとなる。しかし、いおう分が多い粗
悪油を使った場合には、はぼ１１０〜１５０゜の温度条
件が腐食摩耗が著しく増大し、はぼ第３図の実線Ａと々
る。これは第４図のように、燃料油中のいおう分によっ
て硫酸の露点温度が変化し。This becomes the broken line B in FIG. However, when poor quality oil with a high sulfur content is used, corrosion wear increases significantly under temperature conditions of about 110 to 150 degrees, reaching the solid line A in FIG. As shown in Figure 4, this is because the dew point temperature of sulfuric acid changes depending on the sulfur content in the fuel oil.
この露点より２０〜３０℃低いときに最大の腐食を生ず
ることからみて、第３図の実線Ａのような特性となる。Considering that maximum corrosion occurs when the dew point is 20 to 30° C. lower, the characteristics are as shown by the solid line A in FIG. 3.
このような摩耗特性に対し。against such wear characteristics.
（１） ライナ表面温度を１００℃以下か、まだは１５
０〜１９０℃程度にすること。(1) The liner surface temperature should be below 100℃, or still 15℃.
The temperature should be about 0-190℃.
（２） 腐食摩耗が少なくなるように、アルカリ価ＴＢ
Ｎ ６５以上の高アルカリ形シリンダ油を用いて酸を中
和すること（なお、 ＴＢＮはＴｏｔａｌ ＢａｓｅＮ
ｕｍｂｅｒでアルカリ価を示す値）等が考えられる。(2) Alkali value TB to reduce corrosion wear
Neutralize the acid using a highly alkaline cylinder oil with N65 or higher (TBN is Total BaseN).
(a value indicating the alkaline value in umber), etc. can be considered.
これに対し、（１）はシリンダライナ１のジャケット水
量をコントロールして、摩耗の少なくなる温度に維持す
ることが考えられるが、実際」二、容量が犬で配食性の
ある自動コントロールパルプカ必要で応答性も含め装置
上難点が多い（現状でもジャケット温度をコントロール
して制御しているが全負荷領域下で前記（１）の温度に
するのは離かしい）。On the other hand, for (1), it is possible to control the amount of jacket water in the cylinder liner 1 to maintain it at a temperature that reduces wear, but in reality, 2. an automatic control pulp tank with a large capacity and feeding ability is required. However, there are many difficulties in terms of equipment, including response (currently the jacket temperature is controlled, but it is difficult to maintain the temperature in (1) above under the full load range).
（２）は酸を中和させるため有効な方法で、従来からも
実施されているが、温度が高い高９荷領域になると、酸
の露点温度よりも高くなるため、酸中和にあずからない
添加剤がスラッノ化し、それによる研削摩耗が著しく増
す。とくに排気弁のシートの損傷が増すので好捷しくな
い。従って、酸食・が多くなるような温度領域から高温
領域捷で使わ１
れる条件下刈、単にＴＢＮの高いシリンダ油を使うこと
は、ノリンダライナ、ピストンリングの摺動の高信頼度
化の点で問題がある。Method (2) is an effective method for neutralizing acids, and has been used in the past. Additives that are not used in the grinding process become sluggish, which significantly increases grinding wear. This is particularly undesirable because it increases the damage to the exhaust valve seat. Therefore, simply using a cylinder oil with a high TBN under the conditions used in switching from a temperature range to a high temperature range where acid corrosion is likely to occur is problematic in terms of high reliability of the sliding of the Norinda liner and piston ring. There is.
以上により、特に粗悪油を使用する舶用の中低速のディ
ーゼルエンノンでは、従来の第１図のようなシリンダ注
油系で高アルカリ形／リンダ油の使用では、低負荷から
高負荷域まで広い範囲に対し安定した低い摩耗率を維持
できないこと、１だ全負荷域で高価々高アルカリ形シリ
ンダ油を使うと、運航経費が嵩むことや、排気弁の寿命
が短かくなる等の欠点がある。As a result of the above, in mid- to low-speed marine diesel engines that use especially poor-quality oil, the conventional cylinder lubrication system shown in Figure 1 and the use of highly alkaline/cylinder oil have a wide range from low to high load ranges. However, there are disadvantages such as the inability to maintain a stable and low wear rate, and the use of expensive high-alkaline cylinder oil in the full load range, which increases operating costs and shortens the life of the exhaust valve.
本発明の目的は上記欠点を排除したシリンダ注油方法及
び−その装置を提供することであり、その特徴とすると
ころは、シリンダライナ内のピストンリングの摺動画に
潤滑油を供給するに際し、上記シリンダライナの上記内
面の温度を検知し同検知信号に応じて供給する潤滑油の
種類を変化させることであり１寸だ、ピストンリングを
環装するピストンが収容されかつ内面に注油器と連通ず
るシリンダ注油棒を有するシリンダライナへノンリング
注油装置において、」−記シリンダライチの上部内面に
配設され同内面の温度を検知する温度検知器と、異なる
種類のシリンダ潤滑油を貯蔵する複数個のシリンダ油ス
トックタンクと、上記温度検知器の検知信号に対応して
上記注油器と上記シリンダ油ストックタンクのそれぞれ
との間の通路を切換えるシリンダ油切換弁とを備えたこ
とである。An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for lubricating a cylinder that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks. It detects the temperature of the inner surface of the liner and changes the type of lubricating oil supplied according to the detection signal.It is a 1-inch cylinder in which a piston surrounding a piston ring is housed, and the inner surface communicates with a lubricator. A non-ring lubrication device for a cylinder liner having a lubrication rod includes a temperature sensor disposed on the inner surface of the upper part of the cylinder litchi to detect the temperature of the same inner surface, and a plurality of cylinders storing different types of cylinder lubricating oil. The present invention includes an oil stock tank and a cylinder oil switching valve that switches passages between the oil filler and each of the cylinder oil stock tanks in response to a detection signal from the temperature sensor.
以下図面を参照して本発明による実施例につき説明する
。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第５図は本発明にょる１実施例のシリンダ注油系を示す
。FIG. 5 shows a cylinder oiling system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
図において、符号１より４１で、８及び９は第１図のも
のと同じである。In the figure, numerals 1 to 41 and 8 and 9 are the same as in FIG.
１０はシリンダ油ストックタンク、１１はタンクからの
送油管、１２はシリンダ油切換弁、１３は熱電対、１４
は導線、１５は増巾器である。10 is a cylinder oil stock tank, 11 is an oil feed pipe from the tank, 12 is a cylinder oil switching valve, 13 is a thermocouple, 14
is a conductor, and 15 is an amplifier.
シリンダ油ストックタンク１０は複数の種類の７リング
油のストックタンクで、各々のシリンダ油のストックタ
ンクは送油管１１を通りシリンダ油切換弁１２に接続さ
れている。The cylinder oil stock tank 10 is a stock tank for a plurality of types of 7-ring oil, and each cylinder oil stock tank is connected to a cylinder oil switching valve 12 through an oil feed pipe 11.
シリンダ油切換弁１２は複数個からなる電磁弁。The cylinder oil switching valve 12 is a plurality of solenoid valves.
器である熱電対１２からの微小電圧を増巾器１５にて増
大した後、各電磁弁へ送られ、との糺合せにより複数種
類のうち一種類のシリンダ油だけが通過できるように作
動する。After the minute voltage from the thermocouple 12, which is a cylinder, is increased by the amplifier 15, it is sent to each solenoid valve, and when combined with the solenoid valve, it operates so that only one type of cylinder oil out of multiple types can pass through. .
即ち、検知される電圧のランクに応じてシリンダ油切換
弁１２内の複数個の電磁弁が作動し、数種類のうち予め
設定されたシリンダ油一種類だけが通過し、シリンダ注
油器８（公知の機器）を経てシリンダライナ１の内面が
供給される。That is, a plurality of electromagnetic valves in the cylinder oil switching valve 12 operate according to the rank of the detected voltage, and only one preset type of cylinder oil among several types passes through, and the cylinder oil lubrication device 8 (known in the art) operates. The inner surface of the cylinder liner 1 is supplied through the equipment (equipment).
々お、シリンダ油ストックタンク１０へ用意される７リ
ング油は次表による。また、シリンダ油切換弁１２は検
知温度がある一定時間持続されたときに作動できるよう
な機能を持たせである。The 7-ring oil prepared in the cylinder oil stock tank 10 is as shown in the table below. Further, the cylinder oil switching valve 12 is provided with a function that can be activated when the detected temperature is maintained for a certain period of time.
−表一 ここで、低ＴＢＮとはアルカリ価で約４０以下とし。−Table 1 Here, low TBN means about 40 or less in terms of alkaline value.
高ＴＢＮとはアルカリ価で４０以上とする。High TBN is defined as an alkaline value of 40 or more.
低粘度とはＳＡＥナンバーで３０〜４０番手とし。Low viscosity means SAE number 30 to 40.
高粘度とはＳＡＥナンバーで５０番手以上とする。High viscosity is defined as an SAE number of 50 or higher.
上記構成め場合の作用、効果について述べる。The functions and effects of the above configuration will be described.
エンノンの負荷、温度条件に応じ、摩耗の最も大きくな
るシリンダライナ１の表面温度を熱電対１３で検知する
。この温度が例えば１２０℃とすると、シリンダ油切換
弁１２で、シリンダ？ｌｔＬ；ドックタンク１０にある
表のＢ系のシリンダ油のみが通過し、Ｂ系のシリンダ油
のみがシリンダ注油器８に送られる。／）Ｅ油膜８から
は図示していないが、プランツヤポンプによシ導管９へ
送られ注油棒４を経てシリンダライナ１内へ注油される
。A thermocouple 13 detects the surface temperature of the cylinder liner 1 at which wear is greatest depending on the load and temperature conditions of the ennon. If this temperature is, for example, 120°C, the cylinder oil switching valve 12 controls whether the cylinder oil ltL: Only the B-series cylinder oil shown in the table in the dock tank 10 passes through, and only the B-series cylinder oil is sent to the cylinder lubricator 8. /) E Although not shown, oil is sent from the oil film 8 to a conduit 9 by a plant pump and is supplied into the cylinder liner 1 via an oil filler rod 4.
また１例えば高負荷域で温度が２００℃と検知される条
件では、シリンダ油切換弁１２によりシリンダ油ストッ
クタンク１０にある表のＣ系の７リング油が通過され、
上記と同様にシリンダライナ１内へ注油される。In addition, 1. For example, under conditions where the temperature is detected as 200°C in a high load range, the cylinder oil switching valve 12 allows the C-type 7 ring oil in the table to pass through the cylinder oil stock tank 10.
The inside of the cylinder liner 1 is filled with oil in the same manner as above.
以上のように検知されるシリンダライナの温度に応じて
シリンダ油が選定される。Cylinder oil is selected according to the temperature of the cylinder liner detected as described above.
第３図の実線Ａで摩耗の少ない温度条件では。Under the temperature condition where there is little wear as shown by the solid line A in Figure 3.
酸中和性はあ捷り必要でないこと９寸だ高粘度による摩
擦損失増加の面から低ＴＢＮ 、低粘度のシリンダ油を
用いる。Acid-neutralizing properties do not require rinsing.Cylinder oil with low TBN and low viscosity is used in view of increased friction loss due to high viscosity.
酸による腐食摩耗が問題となる温度条件では。Under temperature conditions where corrosive wear caused by acids becomes a problem.
酸中和性を高めるだめ、高ＴＢＮでしかも油膜を厚くす
るために高い粘度のシリンダ油を用いる。In order to improve acid neutralization, cylinder oil with high TBN and high viscosity is used to thicken the oil film.
負荷が高く高温で機械的々研削摩耗が問題どなる条件下
では、腐食性はあ捷り問題となら々いことと、中和にあ
ずからないアルカリ添加物の灰分による研削犀耗を減ら
すために、低いＴＢＮであるが、油膜厚さを厚くするた
めに、高粘度のシリンダ油を用いる（なお、この場合ア
ノンユレス系のシリンダ油であれば、高いＴＢＮであっ
てもよい）。Under conditions where mechanical grinding wear is a problem under high loads and high temperatures, corrosiveness is no less a problem, and in order to reduce grinding wear due to the ash content of alkaline additives that do not participate in neutralization. Although the cylinder oil has a low TBN, a high viscosity cylinder oil is used in order to increase the oil film thickness (in this case, a high TBN may be used as long as it is an Anon Yures cylinder oil).
本発明では以上のよう々特徴をもった／リング注油方法
と７リング注油系であるため、相悪燃ネ−１を使用して
も第２図のａや第３図の実線Ａのような摩耗とならず、
第６図のｂや第３図の破線Ｂのような摩耗のように低減
できる。In the present invention, since the ring lubrication method and the 7-ring lubrication system have the above-mentioned characteristics, even if a compatible fuel tank 1 is used, it will not cause problems like a in Fig. 2 and the solid line A in Fig. 3. Does not cause wear,
The wear can be reduced as shown by b in FIG. 6 and the broken line B in FIG.
また、従来は酸中和性だけを対象として、高いＴＢＮの
シリンダ油を低負荷、高負荷域でも使用しているので、
高価なシリンダ油を多く供給しているので、経費が嵩ん
でいたか１本発明では、低いＴＢＮのシリンダ油を使用
することができるので。In addition, conventionally, cylinder oil with high TBN was used only for acid neutralization in low and high load ranges, so
The cost has increased because a large amount of expensive cylinder oil is supplied.One, the present invention allows the use of cylinder oil with a low TBN.
運航経費の低減にも有効である。It is also effective in reducing operating costs.
さらに、従来高負荷域でも高いＴＢＮのシリンダ油を用
いていだので、酸中和にあすからなかった灰分により排
気弁シートの損傷が多く寿命が短かかったが５本発明で
は高負荷域での高ＴＢＮのシリンダ油の使用がないため
、排気弁シートの寿命延長にも役立つ。Furthermore, conventionally, cylinder oil with a high TBN was used even in high load ranges, which resulted in damage to the exhaust valve seat due to ash content that did not survive acid neutralization, resulting in a shortened service life. Since high TBN cylinder oil is not used, it also helps extend the life of the exhaust valve seat.
第１図は従来の内燃機関のシリンダ注油系を示す説明図
、第２図はライナ摩耗率の変化を示す説明図、第３図は
ＴＤＣにおけるトップリング位置付近のシリンダライナ
表面温度に対するシリンダライナ摩耗率の特性を示す線
図、第４図は燃料中のいおう分による硫酸の露点温度の
変化を、示す線図。
第５図は本発明による１実施例のシリンダ注油系を示す
説明図、第６図はライナ摩耗率の変化を示す説明図であ
る。
１ ・シリンダライナ、３ ・ピストンリング、４・・
注油棒、８・・・注油器、１０・・シリンダ油ストック
タンク、１２・・・シリンダ油切換弁、１３・・・熱電
米１図
戸２圃
ＴＤＣｒ＾ｔｎトツフ・１ルグイｔ［！のシ１ルダライ
ナ表面シ昂度（’Ｃ）ンＰ３図
燃料中のしＩあう介（％）
’７ｔ−４図Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the cylinder lubrication system of a conventional internal combustion engine, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in liner wear rate, and Figure 3 is cylinder liner wear versus cylinder liner surface temperature near the top ring position at TDC. Figure 4 is a diagram showing changes in the dew point temperature of sulfuric acid due to sulfur content in the fuel. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a cylinder lubrication system according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in liner wear rate. 1 ・Cylinder liner, 3 ・Piston ring, 4...
Lubricating rod, 8... Lubricator, 10... Cylinder oil stock tank, 12... Cylinder oil switching valve, 13... Thermoelectric rice 1 figure door 2 fields TDCr^tn Totsufu 1 Luguit [! Figure 3 shows the cylinder liner surface concentration ('C).
Claims (1)
滑油を供給するに際し、上記シリンダライナの上部内面
の温度を検知し同検知信号に応じて供給する潤滑油の種
類を変化させることを特徴とするシリンダ注油法。 ２ ピストンリングを環装するピストンが収容されかつ
内面に注油器と連通ずるシリンダ注油棒を有するシリン
ダライナへのシリンダ注油装置において、上記シリンダ
ライナの上部内面に配設され同内面の温度を検知する温
度検知器と、異々る種類のシリンダ潤滑油を貯蔵する複
数個のシリンダ油ストックタンクと、上記温度検知器の
検知信号に対応して上記注油器と上記シリンダ油ストッ
クタンクのそれぞれとの間の通路を切換えるシリンダ油
切換弁とを備えたことを特徴とするシリンダ注油装置。[Claims] 1. When lubricating oil is supplied to the sliding surface of the piston ring in the cylinder liner, the temperature of the upper inner surface of the cylinder liner is detected and the type of lubricating oil to be supplied is determined according to the detection signal. A cylinder lubrication method characterized by changing the oil. 2. In a cylinder lubrication device for a cylinder liner in which a piston enclosing a piston ring is housed and has a cylinder lubrication rod communicating with a lubrication device on the inner surface, the device is disposed on the upper inner surface of the cylinder liner and detects the temperature of the same inner surface. between a temperature sensor, a plurality of cylinder oil stock tanks storing different types of cylinder lubricating oil, and the oil filler and each of the cylinder oil stock tanks in response to a detection signal from the temperature sensor. A cylinder lubricating device characterized by comprising a cylinder oil switching valve for switching a passage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14968683A JPS6043111A (en) | 1983-08-18 | 1983-08-18 | Method of oiling cylinder and device therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14968683A JPS6043111A (en) | 1983-08-18 | 1983-08-18 | Method of oiling cylinder and device therefor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6043111A true JPS6043111A (en) | 1985-03-07 |
| JPH0258449B2 JPH0258449B2 (en) | 1990-12-07 |
Family
ID=15480594
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14968683A Granted JPS6043111A (en) | 1983-08-18 | 1983-08-18 | Method of oiling cylinder and device therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6043111A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5293744A (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1994-03-15 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust manifold muffler for an internal combustion engine |
| JP2008261279A (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-30 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | Muffler with exhaust emission control function |
| US10918618B2 (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2021-02-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Methods of reducing microbial contamination |
-
1983
- 1983-08-18 JP JP14968683A patent/JPS6043111A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5293744A (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1994-03-15 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust manifold muffler for an internal combustion engine |
| US10918618B2 (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2021-02-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Methods of reducing microbial contamination |
| JP2008261279A (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-30 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | Muffler with exhaust emission control function |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0258449B2 (en) | 1990-12-07 |
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