JPS6077666A - Power source - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain the effective value of a supplied voltage to a load constant with an inexpensive construction by controlling the voltage supply to the load on the basis of the variation in the voltage of the square of the supplied voltage of the load. CONSTITUTION:A terminal voltage of a battery for forming a DC power source is applied to an input terminal 18, the emitter of a P-N-P type output control transistor 19 is connected to the terminal 18, and an output terminal 20 connected to the collector of the transistor 19 and the terminal 18 are controlled to be opened or closed therebetween. A switching controller 36 has a squaring circuit 24, a sawtooth wave generator 28 for the circuit 24, an output controlling sawtooth wave generator 33 and an output controlling comparator 31. The switching operation of the transistor 19 is controlled on the basis of the voltage of the square of the supply voltage to a load 21, and the effective value of the supplied voltage to the load 21 is maintained constantly.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This @Akira relates to an IL power supply device for a load that operates on an effective value, and is it supplied without performing an effective value operation? [The purpose is to control the effective value of i pressure to a constant value, reduce power loss, and improve efficiency.

Generally, devices such as light buoys and marker lights that have a built-in power source operate using various types of batteries such as dry batteries and air batteries.

When using a battery as a power source, a much more expensive energy source is used than when using commercial AC as a power source. It is desirable to use one power without wasting it.

By the way, the cheapest and most popular battery currently available is the manganese dry battery.

It is an alkaline battery.

Although manganese and alkaline batteries are inexpensive, their terminal voltage gradually decreases during use.

On the other hand, incandescent bulbs are often used as the light source for light buoys and marker lights.
The light power and lifespan of an incandescent light bulb are affected by fluctuations in applied voltage by 4'A.
The brightness F and lifespan with respect to the applied voltage V are expressed by the following equations (1) and (2).

F=　pOX(鵡°′ ...Equation (1) %formula%) ...Equation (2) Note that Vo in the formula is the rated applied voltage, FO.

LO is the brightness and life when the applied voltage is vO.

And when an incandescent lamp with Vo = 12 volts is lit at V = 10 volts, the applied voltage decreases by only 17% from 12 volts to IO volts, but the brightness decreases by 46%, which is 1. Voltage is 12 volts to 14 pols 1-1
When it increases by 7%, the lifespan decreases by 87%.

Therefore, if the terminal voltage of a battery is applied directly to an incandescent light bulb, the terminal voltage will be high and a bright light will be obtained at the beginning of use, but
As the terminal voltage decreases, the light suddenly dims, making it impossible to obtain a stable sign effect, and reducing reliability.

In addition, because the terminal voltage at the initial stage of use is higher than the predetermined voltage required to obtain the sign effect, the lamp becomes brighter than necessary;
More energy is consumed than in the case of a fixed voltage distribution, and the energy of the battery is wasted, which shortens the life of the battery and shortens the life of the bulb.

Therefore, a stabilizing circuit is installed between the battery and the light bulb, and the predetermined stabilized voltage is applied to the light bulb to prevent the brightness from fluctuating due to fluctuations in the terminal voltage and to obtain a stable sign effect. It is possible to prevent wasteful use of energy I legi.

However, when using a stabilizing circuit, the circuit consumes battery energy, so it is necessary to increase the efficiency of the stabilizing circuit. Generally, the stabilizing circuit is formed using a so-called switching regulator. The efficiency will be higher.

As shown in Figure 1, a conventional power supply device using a switching regulator has seven input terminals (one
), the terminal voltage v1 of the battery is applied to the terminal (
1) PNP type output control with emitter connected to +ill
For the switching tJJ work of Tonshi 7ri (2)
), a terminal voltage V1 is intermittently applied to the collector of the transistor (2).

A series circuit of a smoothing glue handle (3) and a capacitor (4), and a parallel circuit of a flywheel diode (5) are provided between the collector of the transistor (2) and the earth 7. ) and the capacitor (4), the collector voltage of the transistor (2) ■2
A supply voltage V3 is generated, which is the average of the two, and is applied to the incandescent light bulb (7) as a load via the output terminal (6).

On the other hand, a voltage dividing resistor (
8), a series circuit of a variable resistor (9) is provided, and a resistor (8) is provided.
) and the variable resistor (9), a partial voltage V4 of the supply voltage v3 is generated.

Then, the divided voltage V4 is inputted to one input terminal of the error amplifier 110, and the reference voltage v5 of the reference power supply (]]) is inputted to the other input terminal of the error amplifier HF,Q,). , the error amplifier +10 divides the voltage V4 and the reference voltage V5.
Differential voltage between −/lζ1
iφ, L) 4-mM product l ?匡龜EV6KAS (B powered.

Also, the black/ac terminal 03 shown in Fig. 2(a)
The sawtooth wave generating circuit CI4 is moved f1τ by the pulse 7 signal, and the other input cap M of the comparator U7) is output from the sawtooth wave generating circuit a→.
As shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 (1), a sawtooth voltage V7 synchronized with the clock signal υ- is output.

Then, by using the comparator, one input terminal'T''M, I
JEV6 and the voltage V7 of the other input terminal are compared.
7Jj: If, if V6 is higher than voltage V7, comparator O
Output voltage of z V875: becomes high level, and conversely, voltage ■7 becomes higher than voltage ■6 j';? If it is 1, the output voltage V8 becomes low level 1.

Therefore, as shown by the broken line l in Fig. 2 (1)), the electric current Uj:
When V5 is high, the low level period of the 1111 horn voltage v8 is shortened as shown in period 1 11 of the same figure (C), and the low level period of the 1111 horn voltage v8 becomes shorter as shown in the broken line 4 of Figure 1-11 (1)>. When the voltage ■6 is low, the low level period of the output voltage v8 becomes longer as shown by the period Tl in FIG.

Then, the output voltage v8 is applied to the transistor (2) base, and the transistor (2) outputs the output voltage 1. :1-V
Since it is turned on by the jJ- level of 8 and turned off by the high level, the transferer (2) is activated in the period 'I''l+, T7.
The heavy pressure V2 applied to the collector of is as shown by the solid line in Figure 2(d), and at this time, the supply voltage V3 is controlled to the predetermined voltage indicated by the broken line in Figure 2(d), that is, the DC voltage such that V4 = V5. S f'17ru.

Note that the predetermined voltage indicated by the broken line in FIG. 2 (jl) is ideally the average value Vx of the voltage V2, and the terminal voltage of the battery is VI.

Switching frequency of transferer (2) X/JwoTx, +
The on period of the transinutor (2) during the period 1itX is Lx
In this case, the IL uniformity Vx is expressed as the following equation (3).

By the way, in the case of Fig. 1, in order to continue applying a predetermined voltage to the light bulb (7), the voltage V2 is smoothed by a smoothing circuit consisting of a reactor (3), a capacitor (4), and a diode (5).
The supply voltage v3 consisting of an average of 11 times of the heavy pressure v2 is controlled constant, but in this case the efficiency of the device is
In addition to the power loss of the reactor (3), the iron loss, copper loss, and power loss of the diode (5) also reduce the power loss, and the iron loss and copper loss of the reactor (3) account for the power loss of the equipment. It accounts for the majority.

And the battery terminal direct voltage V1 and Tfl fJ (7)
The efficiency shown in FIG. 1 is about 80% at best when it is assumed that the impedance is constant without fluctuation, and it decreases to 50% to 75% when the terminal voltage fluctuates several times.

By the way, the light bulb (7) is not a load that operates on the average side, but a load that operates on the effective value, so it will light up even if you do not always apply DC voltage, for example, even if you apply pulse voltage or AC voltage.
In this case, the brightness, lifespan, and other characteristics of the light bulb (7) are determined by the effective value of the supply voltage.

71, which keeps the effective value of the supply voltage constant, controls the brightness of the light bulb (7) to be constant, so 1-run shifter (
If the nuiting operation in 2) is controlled so that the effective value is constant, the value of ゛I'l'i''1 consisting of the voltage (A) /Vf3), capacitor (4), and diode (5) shown in Fig. 1 can be controlled so that the effective value is constant.
The voltage v2 can be directly applied to the idle ball (7) without using a circuit.

Therefore, a known integrated circuit for calculating effective values is provided between the connection point of the resistor (8) and variable resistor (9) in FIG. By comparing the effective value of the supply voltage and the sawtooth voltage, the transinutor (2
) may be controlled so that the effective value remains constant.

However, the above-mentioned integrated circuit for effective value calculation is several hundred In
Since the calculation of the effective value of the input voltage from the integral calculation of the input voltage between SeCs is avoided, its applications are limited.

That is, when controlling the light bulb (7) to blink by intermittent supply voltage to the stain bulb (7) by the power supply device every 200 m5ec, as shown in FIG. ) and one input terminal of the error amplifier 00, an effective value calculation integrated circuit 00 is provided,
An NPN type transferer (l) for blinking control is provided between the output terminal of the comparator U and the base 7 of the transferer (2), and a blinking control terminal 01 is connected to the base of the 1-run shifter 0@. Transifter (1e) every 200m5ec
Turn on D.

When a blinking control signal to turn off is input, the integrated circuit 0 becomes unable to calculate the effective value and cannot control the effective value of the voltage supplied to the light bulb (7) to be constant.

In addition, in Figure 3, Figure 1 and No. 1 Tsukasa-12 are 1hJ.
- or indicate equivalent.

Still, the integrated circuit aυ has a very high resolution and cannot be used even when it is desired to form it at low cost.

The present invention addresses the above-mentioned points, and in a 71L source device for an effective value operation load, an output is provided for switching between the city source and the 1iir load by means of a nuiting operation. Control semiconductor Nuitsuna and IJ'J nL! Based on the change in voltage that is the square of the load supply voltage 1) 11
The present invention provides a power supply device comprising a switching control section 11i1 which controls the switching operation and controls the effective value of the supply pressure to a constant value.

(-) and the DC power supply '+lJ,LI',: VI
When supplying in a pulsed manner, the supply 'fJ'i pressure to the load does not change in the minute time during which it is supplied, so I'y is the circumferential J cut of the mating action, and the output control in one cycle Ty = January 1 'l' J! Ty the on period of the body resting
In this case, the effective value vy of 1) (supply: 11 is the following (
4) It becomes like the formula.

Vy=Vix7FT...Equation (4)Furthermore, when controlling the effective value vy to be constant with respect to fluctuations in voltage v1, based on Equation (4), the on-period ty becomes as shown in Equation (5) below. .

Note that ty and ty in the formula are the voltages of the DC power supply Vi and Vi
' is the period for obtaining the effective value vy.

As is clear from equation (5), the switching control section controls the switching operation of the output control semiconductor switch based on the change in the voltage that is the square of the supply voltage,
When the on-period Ly is changed in inverse proportion to the change in the squared voltage, without calculating the effective value Vy of the supply voltage,
The effective value vy of the supplied voltage can be controlled to be constant.

Therefore, according to the power supply device of the present invention, the effective value V7 of the supply voltage can be calculated without calculating the effective value V7 of the supply voltage.
can be controlled to be constant, and in this case, for example, the first
Figure Nori accelerator (3), coil (4).

By omitting the diode (5), efficiency can be favorably increased, and the energy of the battery that forms the DC power source can be used effectively.In addition, the integrated circuit for effective single direct operation shown in Fig. 3 (1υ can be formed at low cost without using it) Moreover, it can also be used for light buoys that control blinking, significantly expanding the range of use.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings from FIG. 4 showing embodiments thereof.

First, FIGS. 4 and 5 showing the embodiment (1) will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 4, the terminal voltage of a battery forming a DC power source is applied to the input terminal θ8), and the emitter of a PNP type output control 1-ran jitter t41 is connected to the input terminal 08). According to the switching operation of the transistor (1), opening and closing are controlled between the output terminal C4 connected to the collector of the transistor 7H and the input terminal (j8).

Note that a half-quadruple switch for output control is formed by the transistors 7 and 7.

There is no load operating at an effective value (for example, an incandescent light bulb 121 on a light buoy) between the output terminal terminal and the ground, and the terminal voltage Va of the stain pond is supplied in a parnumeric manner by the switching operation of the transistor 0. Ru.

Furthermore, the output terminal (4) is connected between the output terminal (4) and the ground.
Resistors (2 resistors, variable resistors) that divide the supply voltage vb of
A series circuit of 23) is provided, with a resistor so, a variable resistor (23)
), the partial voltage Vc of the supply voltage taken out from the connection point is 2
It is applied to one input terminal of the comparator (c) provided in the east circuit f241K and one end of the analog switch (281).

In addition, the clock pulse signal for the square outlet of the clock terminal □□□ is input to the rust liquid generation circuit 128 for the square outlet, and the other input of j of the comparator is input from the rust liquid generation circuit (to). A sawtooth wave voltage Vd for square circuits upward to the right is output to the terminal.

Comparative Grid 1 is that while the partial pressure Vc of the supply voltage is higher than the harmonic voltage Vd of the rust liquid generation circuit (28), the analog switch (2ω) is controlled to be on, and the partial voltage is applied via the analog switch. Vc is smoothed by a series circuit of a capacitor 130), which is a smoothing resistor provided between the other end of the Nuwitch (2) and the ground.

Moreover, resistance! 2! DC voltage Ve at the connection point between II and capacitor 1301 is applied to one input terminal of the output control comparator C1).

In addition, from the clock terminal (three outputs) i jli (the control clock signal is input to the output control copper wave generation circuit (33), the rust liquid generation circuit 133) is connected to the comparator 1431.
) is outputted to the other input terminal of the output control copper wave voltage f shown in the lower right corner.

In addition, there is one clock terminal (clock signal).

The period of the harmonic voltage Vf of the rust liquid generation circuit 133) is
Link terminal (b) clock pulse signal, sawtooth wave generation circuit +
28) is set larger than the period of the harmonic voltage Vd.

And a comparator! 31), the DC voltage Ve is the rust liquid voltage
While the voltage is higher, the voltage Vg at the output terminal becomes low level,
Conversely, while the harmonic voltage Vl' is higher than the DC voltage Vc, the voltage Vg at the output terminal is at a high level.

Further, a nuiting control signal consisting of +61'' and Vg of the output terminal of the comparator 31) is input to the base of 1-running signal (1W), and the voltage is 1-1 only while the voltage Vg is at a low level.
- Ran jitter (one is turned on.

In addition, 13 yen, +351 is both saw 11 generation circuit t281
, 1331 is a stabilized voltage terminal for applying a stabilized DC voltage, and 136) is a switching control section having a structure shown by a dashed line.

As shown in FIG. 5(a), when the output control clock pulse 7 signal of period Ty is input to the clock terminal 134, the comparator! 31), a rust liquid voltage Vf having a period Ty of the clock PARNU signal is outputted as shown in FIG. 3(b).

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5(C) on the clock terminal tube,
When the clock PALNU signal for the 2nd circuit with period Tz is input, a rust signal with period Tz is input from the copper generated circuit (281 to the other input terminal of j) to the comparator. Liquid voltage Vd is output.

When the divided voltage Vc is high as shown by the broken line H in FIG. 5(d), the period TI of the output voltage of the comparator 51 becomes high as shown in the period TI (in FIG. 5(e)). If the ON period of the analogue switch (261) is long, or conversely, when the partial voltage Vc is low as shown by the broken line in FIG. (The high level period of the output voltage of 25j is shortened and the analog pguff inch (
The on period of H.261 becomes shorter.

By the way, when the on period of the analog switch ω is set to f and z, tz/Tz becomes as shown in the following equation (6).

-= K
As is clear from equation (7), the ON period 1. Z is partial pressure Vc
becomes a linear function of

tz = KX Tz X Vc ・= Formula (7) Furthermore,
Since the DC voltage Vc is the voltage obtained by averaging the divided voltage VC of 1Z with the cycle Tz during the on period, the DC voltage Vd is equal to 2 of the divided voltage Vc.
The voltage will be proportional to the multiplied voltage.

va =j Z xVc =K
VC== KXvc2 ,, (s) Formula % Formula % In other words, the two-pot circuit (24) is the square of the supply voltage Vb/
A DC voltage Vd proportional to this voltage is output.

As shown in Figure 5 (f'), the comparator) is inversely proportional to the DC voltage Ve, and the output r voltage\7g is The high level period is set and transinuta (2) is the comparator! 3
1! The switching operation is performed according to the switching control signal, and the supply voltage Vl is changed to
The time Pärnu voltage is inversely proportional to b.

Therefore, according to the example described in MiJ, the effective value of the supply voltage Vl) to the light bulb 121) is controlled to be constant based on the change in the voltage that is the square of the supply voltage vb, and the brightness of the light bulb [2υ] is kept constant. In this case, since the glue handle (3), capacitor (4), and diode (5) shown in Figure 1 can be omitted, efficiency is significantly improved and battery energy can be used with almost no waste. .

Since 4) of the squaring circuit forms and outputs a DC voltage ve proportional to the squared voltage of the supply voltage Vb, there is no need to calculate the effective value of the supply voltage Vll, and it can be formed at low cost. +2 light bulbs for every 200 m crossing]1
Even if the voltage is controlled to blink, the effective value of the supply voltage vb can be kept constant, and the applications are not limited.

In addition, in the ^11 embodiment, an incandescent light bulb 121 such as a light buoy is used.
) is used as the load, but it goes without saying that a motor operating at an effective value or the like may also be used as the load.

In addition, the shorter the period Tz of the Lunu signal at the clock terminal 1321 is, the more accurately the DC voltage Vc becomes the divided voltage V.
The voltage becomes the square of c.

The clock pulse signal at the clock terminal (2η) may be formed from a frequency-divided signal of the clock pulse signal at the clock terminal 134, and furthermore, the two clock pulse signals may not be synchronized.

Also, instead of the analogue switch 17!6), a diode is used, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the comparator 125.
) and connect the anode to the output terminal of the resistor (22
It may be read directly to the connection point of the variable resistor (23) and the variable resistor (23).

Furthermore, for example, a comparator (
(281f) may be integrally formed.

However, in the above embodiment, the two circuits (24) were formed by a so-called time division multiplication circuit, but they may also be formed by, for example, an integrated circuit for a multiplexer, and in this case, the copper generated circuit 128 becomes unnecessary. .

By the way, in the embodiment described in 181J, the effective value of the supply voltage VbO was controlled to be constant by comparing the two-dimensional current voltage VC of the partial pressure Vc and the rust liquid voltage Vf using the comparator C31). It is also possible to compare the divided voltage Vc and the 71 de voltage of the square waveform by using the city voltage Vf as a voltage with a 2-waveform. In this case, for example, the configuration is as shown in FIG. 6.

In the same figure, the same symbols as those in FIG.
8) At the same time, apply rust solution to one end of the same figure (IJ).
+11 voltage Ard is applied to the other input terminal of the comparator M+37).

Then, the comparator 137) has a sawtooth voltage Vf and a rust liquid voltage V.
d and controls the output voltage of the comparator (37) to turn on and off the analog switch +381, and the resistor ( 39) and the capacitor 14o), a square waveform voltage vh shown by the solid line in FIG. 7(C) is formed and output.

Furthermore, the divided voltage VC is connected to one input terminal of the comparator
At the same time, the voltage Vh is applied to the other input terminal of the comparison gR3CI, and the comparison g? r+: Compare the divided voltage Vc and the voltage Vl+ by 1tll.

Then, the switching operation of the transistor Q is controlled by the output voltage Vg of the comparator (301), and as in the case of FIG. 4, as the partial voltage becomes lower, as shown by the broken line in FIG. The on period was shortened and the same figure (
The supply pressure Vb shown in (1) is supplied to the light bulb 121).

Note that (41] in FIG. 6 is a square circuit, and TI(', TM', TL in FIGS. 7(a) to (d)
' indicates high, medium, and low periods of the partial pressure Vc, respectively.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an example of a wiring diagram before a conventional power supply, and Figure 2 (a
) to (d,) are timing charts for explaining the operation of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a wiring diagram of another example of the conventional power supply device, and FIG. 4th
5(a) to Q) are timing charts 1-1 for explaining the operation of FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is a wiring diagram of another embodiment, and FIG. 71 (fl) to (CI)! ``!, This is a timing chart for explaining the 61st operation. (1@...Transinutor for output control i, +211...
・Incandescent light bulb, factor 1, +411...square circuit, (
C)...Sawtooth wave generation circuit for 2-measure circuit, (33)...Rust liquid generation circuit for output control, +31)...Ratio lIQ for output horn control t:? i, 13G)...Nuitting control section. Agent Patent Attorney Ryu Fujita Inu Department Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 1 - Th Tl - Figure 3 F Figure 4 Procedural amendment (voluntary) 1 Indication of the case 1983 Patent Application No. 183795 2 Name of the invention Power supply device 3. Relationship with the person making the amendment Patent application Person source: 1 person, 176 Toshimaminami 2-chome, Ikeda City, Osaka Prefecture
Name: Zenilite Buoy Co., Ltd. Agent 4 Address: 530 Address: 2-9-4-6 Higashitenma, Kita-ku, Osaka Contents of amendment (1) “DC voltage VdJ is 1 DC voltage Ve” in line 10 and line 14 of page 16. Corrected to J. (2) “Vd−J” in equation (8) on line 12 of the same page is “Ve=
Corrected to J.

Claims (1)

[Claims] ■ In a power supply device for an effective value operation load, by switching operation! an output control semiconductor switch that opens and closes between a DC power source and the load; and a semiconductor switch for controlling the switching operation based on a change in the voltage that is the square of the voltage supplied to the load, and controlling the effective value of the supply voltage to a constant value. A power supply device characterized in that it is equipped with a nutitching control section. (The switching control section includes a square circuit that forms and outputs a voltage that is the square of the divided voltage of the supply voltage, and a square circuit that forms and outputs a voltage that is the square of the divided voltage of the supply voltage, and
The power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising an output control semiconductor comparator that outputs a switching control signal to the switch by comparing the output voltage with the wave voltage. ■ A squaring circuit that forms and outputs a square voltage waveform voltage from a sawtooth voltage to a switching control unit, and a patent claim that compares the output voltage of the squaring circuit with a divided voltage of the supply voltage. A power supply device according to scope 1.