JPS6090647A - Automatic tool exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve working efficiency and prevent the accident due to falling of a tool by shifting a tool loading base onto which a plurality of tools are loaded, under a spindle, and permitting the tool to be mounted and demounted selectively and automatically, in a single-shaft type NC machine tool. CONSTITUTION:When the chain 19 of an elevator apparatus 5 is shifted in the direction of arrow A by a signal supplied from a computer, a supporting base 4 and a tool setting base 6 lower, and the lower-side engagement part 6d is loaded onto a receiving base 9. The supporting base 4 lowers further from this state and stops at a bottom dead point, and the tool setting base 6 is received by the receiving base 9 from the supporting base 4. Then, a table 8 is shifted in the direction of arrow B by the signal supplied from the computer, and then shifted in the direction of arrow C, and when a prescribed tool 24 reaches directly under a spindle 3, a spindle base 2 lowers in the direction of arrow D and pulls the tool 24 upward, and the tool 24 is caught by the spindle 3. The spindle base 2 rises to a prescribed position, and the tool setting base 6 shifts to the position opposed to the supporting base 4, and an article to be worked can be worked by the tool 24.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer for a single-axis NC machine tool equipped with a single spindle. Accordingly, an automatic tool changer of a small and simple structure is mounted on the spindle stand f17' (moved below the spindle and capable of selectively and automatically attaching and detaching tools to and from the spindle). Regarding.

Conventionally, when drilling multiple holes of different diameters in a workpiece, for example, with a single-axis NC machine tool, it was necessary to change the tool each time, and this replacement work had to be done manually. It was extremely troublesome. On the other hand, with multi-axis NC machine tools, multiple tools are pre-installed on a turret, etc., and all you have to do is rotate the turret, so there is no need to change the tools each time. However, if the machining conditions of the workpiece change, it is necessary to replace all the tools manually. Additionally, such machine tools had the disadvantage that they were dog-shaped, had a crude and rough structure, and were extremely expensive.

The present invention has been made to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art, and its purpose is to place a tool stand on which a number of tools are mounted, into which a program of machining conditions and movement conditions is input. By moving the spindle below the spindle mounted on the spindle stand by the computer,
By selectively adding tools to the spindle that are placed on the tool holder, or conversely storing tools removed from the spindle in the tool holder, work efficiency and worker fatigue can be improved. The objective is to reduce this and prevent accidents caused by falling tools during tool exchange.

'l:iAnother purpose is to automatically change tools with an inexpensive single-axis NC machine tool, thereby achieving performance equivalent to or better than an expensive multi-axis NC machine. The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic tool changer of the IJS type with a simple structure.

Another purpose is to enable different machining by replacing the tool stand with another tool stand that stores different tools when machining workpieces with different machining conditions. and thereby enable the tool holder to be replaced quickly and easily.

In short, the present invention provides a spindle stand supported to slide vertically on a base, a spindle rotatably fitted into the spindle stand, and a
a support stand that slides in the vertical direction, a lifting device that raises and lowers the support stand at predetermined timing, a tool stand supported by the support stand and on which a plurality of tools are placed, and a tool stand that is movable in the horizontal direction. a table; and a cradle fixed to the table and supporting the tool holder in place of the support in the vicinity of the bottom dead center of the support; The tool table is moved below the spindle as the table moves, and the tool placed on the tool table can be selectively and automatically attached to and detached from the spindle. This is a characteristic feature.

The present invention will be explained below based on the embodiment shown on page 1 of [C].

The automatic tool changer 1 according to the present invention includes a spindle stand 2, a spindle 3, a support stand 4, and an elevating device 5 for the support stand.
, a tool rest, a stand 6, a table 8, and a pair of cradle 9
He is well-equipped.

The spindle stand 2 is formed to protrude from the base IO in the vertical direction.
A pair of guide parts JOaK is inserted into the machine, and the spindle 3 is slid on the guide parts by a computer (not shown) into which programs for machining conditions and movement conditions are input. 141 on both upper and lower ends of spindle stand 2
It is fitted into a pair of bearings 12 attached so as to slide in the vertical direction, and is attached to the upper end of the spindle 3 and rotated by a rotation mechanism (not shown) via a retarrotary joint 13 L7. ing.

Support stand 4Vf, disposed parallel to spindle 3, formed in the middle part of the support stand: 11. The i-bottom portion 4a is fitted onto a guide shaft 14 which is arranged and fixed to the spindle stand 2 in parallel with the spindle 3. In addition, the support stand 4 is
It is adapted to be raised and lowered along a guide shaft 14 by means of a lifting device 5, which comprises, for example, a hydraulic cylinder 18 and a transmission member, such as a chain 19.

The hydraulic cylinder 8 is fixed to a base 10, and a chain 19 is wound around a sprocket 2o, which is an example of a pair of toothed rotating members fixed to the top surface of the base IO. The other end 1'9b of the chain is fixed to the tip of the piston rod 22 of the hydraulic cylinder 18 and to the top surface of the support base 40, respectively. Further, the lifting/lowering@position 5 is controlled by a computer.

It consists of six tool rests, a tool rest part 6a, and a U-shaped retaining part 6b at each end of the tool rest part, and a plurality of tools 24 can be stored in the tool rest part 6a. The number of tool racks to be mounted are such that the members 25 are arranged at regular intervals. Further, the upper engaging portion 6cu of the engaging portion 6b protrudes from both ends of the lower part of the supporting base 4 and engages with the supporting portion 4b formed, so that the tool stand 6 is supported by the supporting portion. There is. The tool 24 is provided with a tapered part 24b having a monkey-shaped groove 24a completely formed at its tip. When attaching the tool 24 to the spindle 3, insert the tapered part 24b of the tool into the tapered hole 3a of the spindle 3, and engage the hook (not shown) installed in the spindle with the shell-shaped groove 24a. By aligning the hook and raising the hook, the tool 24
Chucked on spindle 3, -4 tool 24
When removing the hook, the hook is removed from the annular groove 24a, and then the tool 24 is pushed downward by a push rod (not shown).

Note that as the type of tool 24, secret tools such as a drill, tap, end mill, and boring can be used.

The table 8 is disposed below the spindle stand 2 and can be moved in the horizontal direction under the control of the n1 computer. The pair of holders 9 are fixed to the table 8 via a supplementary member 28, and are opposed to the lower engaging portion 6d of the tool holder when the tool holder 6 is supported by the support 4. It is placed below. Further, the receiving stand 9 is formed in a U-shape, and the lower engaging portion 6d of the tool rest 6 is engaged with the receiving stand. A positioning pin 3° is installed in the center of the support.
The positioning pin is formed on the lower retaining portion 6d of the tool stand 6! Moreover, it is designed to be inserted into a positioning hole 66.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and its operation will be explained below. The one shown in Fig. 1 is the tool stand 6.
is in a state where it is supported by the support stand 4, and from this state when a predetermined tool 24 placed on the tool attachment stand 6 is attached to the spindle 3, it is raised and lowered by a signal from the computer. When the hydraulic cylinder [8] of the arrangement 5 is activated and the piston rod 22 protrudes, the chain 19 moves in the direction of arrow A. Then, the support stand 4 descends L7 along the guide shaft 14, and the tool stand 6 also descends accordingly. When the holder is further lowered, the positioning pin 30 of the cradle 9 is inserted into the positioning hole 6e of the lower engaging part 6d, the lower engaging part 6d is inserted, and the holder is placed on the pedestal 9. . From this state, the four support stands further descend and stop at the bottom dead center.

According to this, the tool square stand 6 is moved from the support stand 4 to the cradle 9.
will be handed over to.

When the tool holder 6 is placed on the cradle 9 in this way, the table 8 moves in the direction of arrow B and then in the direction of arrow C according to a signal from the computer. However, when it escapes to a position directly below and facing the spindle 3, it stops. Then, the spindle base 2 is lowered in the direction of the arrow, the tapered part 24b of the tool 2 is inserted into the tapered hole 3a of the spindle 3, the hook is merged into the deformed groove 24a of the tool, and the tool is moved upward. and chuck it to spindle 3. Chucking knee 24 L, +ri,
The spindle stand 2 rises to a predetermined position. Thereupon, the table 6 moves in the direction of the arrow E until it reaches the rightmost position 7, and then further moves in the direction of the arrow F to a position 1 facing the support portion 4b of the support base 4. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is actuated L, the piston rod 22 is attracted, the chain 19 moves in the direction of the arrow G, and the support base 4 rises along the guide lines 1 and 14 (7) Part 4b and tool stand 6
When the upper engaging portion 6C is engaged with the upper engaging portion 6C and the holding portion 4 is further raised, the tool rest 6 is also separated from the holder 9 and the upper engaging portion 6C is engaged with the upper engaging portion 6C. As shown, ``■'' is supported by six placing stands and four supporting stands.

After the prescribed tool 24 is attached to the spindle 3 in this way, the spindle is rotated and the spindle stand 2 is moved up and down in the direction of the arrows H and D, as shown in the tentative position in FIG. , the workpiece 32 placed on the table 8 is machined by the tool 24.

When adding another tool 24 to the workpiece 32, immediately move the tool stand 6 below the spindle 3 as described above, remove the hook from the annular groove 24a of the tool 24, and press L7.
The tool 24 is pressed by the rod and dropped to a predetermined position on the tool stand 6. The table 8 is moved until the tool 24 to be attached next reaches below the spindle 3, and the tool 24 is attached to the spindle 3 by the means described above.

Through such repetition, the workpiece 32 is sequentially processed by the tool 24, and the processing order is controlled by the computer and can be selected as appropriate. When machining a workpiece 32 with a different pulling force under different machining conditions, this can be easily done by supporting the support base 4 with another tool stand 6 on which the tampered tool 24 is placed.

Uninventively, it is constructed and operates as above,
Therefore, 76 tool stands holding 4 tools are attached to the spindle stand by a computer into which the program of machining conditions and movement conditions is input.

It is designed to move downwards of the spindle, so
The tool placed on the machine base is selectively placed on the spindle.
On the other hand, the tool that has been removed from the spindle is stored in the tool holder, which improves work efficiency and reduces worker fatigue, making it an excellent tool. This has the advantage of eliminating accidents caused by falling tools during replacement. In addition, although it is an inexpensive single-axis NC machine tool, it can automatically change tools, so it can achieve performance equal to or better than expensive multi-axis NC machine tools. This has the advantage of providing an automatic tool changer that is large and has a simple structure. Furthermore, when machining workpieces with different machining conditions, you can perform different machining by replacing the tool holder with another tool holder that stores a different tool, making it possible to process various workpieces. It is sufficient to simply replace the tool stand, which can significantly reduce the number of machining steps, and also has the effect that the exchange can be performed quickly and easily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings relate to embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automatic tool changer according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially sectional side view of what is shown in FIG. 1. 1 is an automatic tool changer, 2 is a spindle stand, 3 is a spindle, 4 is a support stand, 5-piece lifting device, 6 is a tool stand, 8
9 is a table, 9 is a pedestal, 10 is a base, and 24 is a tool.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A spindle stand supported to slide in the vertical direction on a base; a spindle rotatably fitted into the spindle stand; a support stand slidable in the vertical direction in synchronization with the spindle stand; a lifting device that raises and lowers the support base at a predetermined timing; a tool rest supported by the support base and on which a plurality of tools are placed; a horizontally movable table; A pedestal is provided to support the tool holder in place of the support pedestal near the bottom dead center, and the holder supports the tool holder supported by the pedestal so that the spindle moves as the table moves. An automatic tool changer characterized in that the tool is configured such that a tool that has been moved downward and is not placed on the tool stand can be selectively and automatically attached to and detached from the spindle.