JPS61159593A - 希土類若しくはその合金の電解製造方法及びこの方法を物施する装置 - Google Patents

希土類若しくはその合金の電解製造方法及びこの方法を物施する装置

Info

Publication number: JPS61159593A
Authority: JP; Japan
Prior art keywords: bath; rare earth; cathode; electrolytic cell; alloy
Prior art date: 1984-12-07
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

JP60273569A

Other languages

English (en)

Japanese (ja)

Other versions

JPH0440435B2 (de

Inventor

フランソワーズ・セオン

ギスレーヌ・バルトール

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Rhone Poulenc Specialites Chimiques

Original Assignee

Rhone Poulenc Specialites Chimiques

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1984-12-07

Filing date

1985-12-06

Publication date

1986-07-19

1985-12-06 Application filed by Rhone Poulenc Specialites Chimiques filed Critical Rhone Poulenc Specialites Chimiques

1986-07-19 Publication of JPS61159593A publication Critical patent/JPS61159593A/ja

1992-07-02 Publication of JPH0440435B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0440435B2/ja

Status Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
-1 rare earth chloride Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
ATINCSYRHURBSP-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Nd](Cl)Cl ATINCSYRHURBSP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
229910000982 rare earth metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 description 4
PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
PXAWCNYZAWMWIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [Fe].[Nd] PXAWCNYZAWMWIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloridooxygen Chemical compound ClOCl RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910017544 NdCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
241000272201 Columbiformes Species 0.000 description 1
229910001188 F alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910000858 La alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910002249 LaCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
241000272168 Laridae Species 0.000 description 1
101100505385 Mus musculus Gpd1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
229910000583 Nd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052774 Proactinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
241000190021 Zelkova Species 0.000 description 1
NFAMMVHLVUDKSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[La].[Nd] Chemical group [Fe].[La].[Nd] NFAMMVHLVUDKSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
ZSOJHTHUCUGDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Gd] ZSOJHTHUCUGDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
NNLJGFCRHBKPPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron lanthanum Chemical group [Fe].[La] NNLJGFCRHBKPPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
JKAYFQPEIRPZPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum neodymium Chemical compound [La][Nd] JKAYFQPEIRPZPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
GALOTNBSUVEISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum;silicon Chemical compound [Mo]#[Si] GALOTNBSUVEISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/22—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of metals not provided for in groups C25C1/02 - C25C1/20
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/34—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of metals not provided for in groups C25C3/02 - C25C3/32

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Electrochemistry (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)

JP60273569A 1984-12-07 1985-12-06 希土類若しくはその合金の電解製造方法及びこの方法を物施する装置 Granted JPS61159593A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
FR8418700A FR2574434B1 (fr)	1984-12-07	1984-12-07	Procede de preparation electrolytique de terres rares ou de leurs alliages et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
FR84.18700		1984-12-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
JPS61159593A true JPS61159593A (ja)	1986-07-19
JPH0440435B2 JPH0440435B2 (de)	1992-07-02

Family

ID=9310347

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
JP60273569A Granted JPS61159593A (ja)	1984-12-07	1985-12-06	希土類若しくはその合金の電解製造方法及びこの方法を物施する装置

Country Status (13)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0184515B1 (de)
JP (1)	JPS61159593A (de)
KR (1)	KR910009402B1 (de)
CN (1)	CN85108786A (de)
AT (1)	ATE45597T1 (de)
AU (1)	AU591080B2 (de)
CA (2)	CA1276585C (de)
DE (1)	DE3572371D1 (de)
ES (1)	ES8705050A1 (de)
FR (1)	FR2574434B1 (de)
MY (1)	MY102430A (de)
NO (1)	NO172989C (de)
ZA (1)	ZA859360B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
JPH0243391A (ja) *	1988-08-01	1990-02-13	Japan Metals & Chem Co Ltd	Ｎｄ−Ｆｅ母合金の製造方法
US5091065A (en) *	1986-12-23	1992-02-25	Showa Denko K.K.	Process for preparation of neodymium or neodymium-iron alloy
WO2010137555A1 (ja) *	2009-05-26	2010-12-02	住友化学株式会社	精製された金属又は半金属の製造方法
JP2015513604A (ja) *	2012-07-31	2015-05-14	グリレムアドヴァンスドマテリアルズカンパニーリミテッドＧｒｉｒｅｍＡｄｖａｎｃｅｄＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＣｏ．，Ｌｔｄ．	希土類金属、希土類金属合金及び溶融塩電解による希土類金属と希土類金属合金製造の方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US4966661A (en) *	1986-12-23	1990-10-30	Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha	Process for preparation of neodymium or neodymium alloy
FR2661425B1 (fr) *	1990-04-27	1992-12-04	Pechiney Recherche	Procede de preparation electrolytique, en milieu de fluorures fondus, de lanthane ou de ses alliages avec le nickel.
CN113430579B (zh) *	2016-12-16	2023-07-14	包头稀土研究院	镧铁合金的制备方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
JPS4843774A (de) *	1971-10-07	1973-06-23

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
FR430116A (fr) *	1911-04-01	1911-10-09	Anton Kratky	Procédé pour la préparation du cérium et des métaux similaires et de leurs alliages
US2961387A (en) *	1957-09-18	1960-11-22	Timax Corp	Electrolysis of rare-earth elements and yttrium
US3729397A (en) *	1970-09-25	1973-04-24	Molybdenum Corp	Method for the recovery of rare earth metal alloys
US4139427A (en) *	1977-09-09	1979-02-13	Th. Goldschmidt Ag	Europium chloride enrichment process

1984
- 1984-12-07 FR FR8418700A patent/FR2574434B1/fr not_active Expired
1985
- 1985-12-04 EP EP85402404A patent/EP0184515B1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-12-04 DE DE8585402404T patent/DE3572371D1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-12-04 AT AT85402404T patent/ATE45597T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-04 CN CN198585108786A patent/CN85108786A/zh active Pending
- 1985-12-05 NO NO854899A patent/NO172989C/no unknown
- 1985-12-06 KR KR1019850009185A patent/KR910009402B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1985-12-06 ZA ZA859360A patent/ZA859360B/xx unknown
- 1985-12-06 AU AU50850/85A patent/AU591080B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-12-06 ES ES549652A patent/ES8705050A1/es not_active Expired
- 1985-12-06 JP JP60273569A patent/JPS61159593A/ja active Granted
- 1985-12-06 CA CA000497041A patent/CA1276585C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
1987
- 1987-03-18 MY MYPI87000320A patent/MY102430A/en unknown
1990
- 1990-05-04 CA CA000615726A patent/CA1318882C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
JPS4843774A (de) *	1971-10-07	1973-06-23

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US5091065A (en) *	1986-12-23	1992-02-25	Showa Denko K.K.	Process for preparation of neodymium or neodymium-iron alloy
JPH0243391A (ja) *	1988-08-01	1990-02-13	Japan Metals & Chem Co Ltd	Ｎｄ−Ｆｅ母合金の製造方法
WO2010137555A1 (ja) *	2009-05-26	2010-12-02	住友化学株式会社	精製された金属又は半金属の製造方法
JP2015513604A (ja) *	2012-07-31	2015-05-14	グリレムアドヴァンスドマテリアルズカンパニーリミテッドＧｒｉｒｅｍＡｄｖａｎｃｅｄＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＣｏ．，Ｌｔｄ．	希土類金属、希土類金属合金及び溶融塩電解による希土類金属と希土類金属合金製造の方法

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
ES8705050A1 (es)	1987-04-16
ZA859360B (en)	1986-08-27
ATE45597T1 (de)	1989-09-15
CA1318882C (fr)	1993-06-08
MY102430A (en)	1992-06-30
CN85108786A (zh)	1986-11-05
AU591080B2 (en)	1989-11-30
EP0184515A1 (de)	1986-06-11
FR2574434B1 (fr)	1989-04-21
NO172989B (no)	1993-06-28
CA1276585C (fr)	1990-11-20
AU5085085A (en)	1986-06-12
NO172989C (no)	1993-10-06
DE3572371D1 (en)	1989-09-21
KR860005054A (ko)	1986-07-16
NO854899L (no)	1986-06-09
JPH0440435B2 (de)	1992-07-02
EP0184515B1 (de)	1989-08-16
FR2574434A1 (fr)	1986-06-13
ES549652A0 (es)	1987-04-16
KR910009402B1 (ko)	1991-11-15

Publication	Publication Date	Title
US5024737A (en)	1991-06-18	Process for producing a reactive metal-magnesium alloy
US3729397A (en)	1973-04-24	Method for the recovery of rare earth metal alloys
CA1330772C (en)	1994-07-19	Process and apparatus for producing high-purity lithium metal by fused-salt electrolysis
KR101684813B1 (ko)	2016-12-08	알루미늄 전해를 위해 사용된 전해조 및 상기 전해조를 이용하는 전해방법
US3114685A (en)	1963-12-17	Electrolytic production of titanium metal
JPWO1997015701A1 (ja)	1998-01-27	希土類金属の製造法
US5118396A (en)	1992-06-02	Electrolytic process for producing neodymium metal or neodymium metal alloys
CN1090247C (zh)	2002-09-04	生产稀土金属及合金的熔盐电解槽
JPS61159593A (ja)	1986-07-19	希土類若しくはその合金の電解製造方法及びこの方法を物施する装置
US2848397A (en)	1958-08-19	Electrolytic production of metallic titanium
JP4092129B2 (ja)	2008-05-28	スポンジチタンの製造方法及び製造装置
US2908619A (en)	1959-10-13	Production of titanium
Nair et al.	1992	The production of elemental boron by fused salt electrolysis
US2848395A (en)	1958-08-19	Electrolytic process for production of titanium
US2917440A (en)	1959-12-15	Titanium metal production
Nettle et al.	1957	Electrorefining Titanium Metal
Lei et al.	1973	Electrolytic preparation of vanadium from vanadium carbide
JPS61253391A (ja)	1986-11-11	プラセオジム−鉄若しくはプラセオジム−ネオジム−鉄合金の製造方法並びにその製造装置
CN1087136A (zh)	1994-05-25	制造稀土金属与其它金属的合金的电解法
US2801964A (en)	1957-08-06	Cathode assembly for electrolytic cells
US2939823A (en)	1960-06-07	Electrorefining metallic titanium
CN85100748B (zh)	1988-05-25	一种连续电解生产金属钕及钕铁合金的槽型结构
Haver et al.	1961	Development of a 10,000-ampere Cell for Electrorefining Titanium
Lei et al.	1972	Electrolytic preparation of high-purity chromium
US2876180A (en)	1959-03-03	Fused salt bath for the electrodeposition of transition metals

JPS61159593A - 希土類若しくはその合金の電解製造方法及びこの方法を物施する装置 - Google Patents

Info

Links

Classifications

Landscapes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9310347

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (13)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (4)

Patent Citations (1)

Cited By (4)

Also Published As

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