JPS6119404B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing a concrete block having heterogeneous layers, and a group of partition rods in which partition rods are arranged in parallel with a cross section of the rods and a mutual spacing adapted to the required mixed width in the boundary area of the heterogeneous layers. The main feature is that by using partitions, the inside of the formwork can be partitioned at various points, and the width of the mixed concrete on both sides near the partitions can be freely changed.

Mixing in the boundary area of different types of layers refers to a state in which adjacent different types of concrete C ₁ and C ₂ interpenetrate and mix as shown in FIG. Conventional concrete blocks with heterogeneous layers have almost no mixed boundary areas and are always separated at the boundary surfaces.

Traditionally, this type of concrete block was manufactured by
This mostly belongs to the preliminary process of the fractured block manufacturing method developed by the applicant. The method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-21720, which is the most widely used method, will be explained with reference to Figure 7. 1a is a moving concrete hopper, which, like the moving hopper 1 in FIG. 1, receives a fixed amount of concrete from a stationary hopper 2, moves horizontally onto a formwork 3, and dumps it. The interior of the movable hopper 1a is divided into three sections by two partition plates 4 to separate and receive different types of concrete.

When the movable hopper 1a moves laterally and comes onto the formwork 3 shown in FIG. 7, the movable tray (surface pallet) 5 within the formwork 3 is raised to its fullest extent. Then, by gently lowering the support plate 6 of the lifting mechanism, the hopper 1a
As shown in the diagram, the concrete in each section will fall straight down, and even without partition plates, each concrete layer will stand side by side without mixing as if it were partitioned. When the tray 5 reaches the bottom of the mold 3, it stops descending, is pressurized by the press 7 shown in FIG. 1, and is hardened by applying vibration, and then removed from the mold.

Other conventional methods include the method shown in Fig. 8, in which the partition plate 4a is pulled up immediately after concrete is poured, as in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-33960, and concrete block pieces with spaces apart, as in Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-7152. There are some methods in which concrete of a different type is poured in between. In any case, the boundary between different types of concrete is planar. Concrete moves in and fills the thin gap left by the partition plate on both sides, but fine aggregate, cement, and water, which are relatively easy to move, collect there, and the ratio of coarse aggregate tends to decrease. Therefore, the strength of this part is weaker than other parts, and depending on how external force is applied,
The weak point was that rupture similar to peeling of the joint surface occurred.

The present invention provides a heterogeneous layered concrete block that does not have such weak points, and the following:
The embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show an embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view of the main parts thereof. First, we will explain the apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2, and then move on to explain the manufacturing method.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is a moving hopper, 2 is a fixed hopper, 3 is a formwork, and 7 is a press. As shown in Figure 2, the interior of the fixed hopper 2 is divided into three chambers A, B, and C, and the lower end of each chamber, that is, the concrete exit, is the three chambers X, Y, and Z of the movable hopper 1 (see Figure 3). correspond to the upper edge of each.

The movable hopper 1 receives the concrete in the fixed hopper 2 at the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. A mechanism for dropping the concrete into the mold and returning it, a mechanism for pressurizing the fallen concrete with a press 7 and applying vibration with a vibration device (not shown), a demolding mechanism for extracting the solidified concrete from the formwork 3, etc.
Since this is the same as before, the explanation will be omitted.

The characteristic component of this device of the invention is a dropping mechanism that drops concrete of different types almost simultaneously from multiple dumping ports arranged in parallel, namely, the three chambers X, Y, and Z mentioned above.
a movable hopper 1 with drop ports lined up, a formwork 3 that receives the dropped concrete from the top opening;
Horizontal bars 9 are arranged vertically in parallel at a mutual interval with a bar cross section adapted to the required mixing width M of heterogeneous concrete C ₁ , C ₂ (Figs. 3, 4, 5) in the boundary area, and the formwork 3 is divided into multiple sections. A group of partition rods 90, 90 partitioned into
The partition rod group 90, 90 is inserted through one side wall of the formwork 3 until the tip reaches the other sidewall, and the guide and drive mechanism, that is, the guide member 10 along the one side sidewall, is pulled out from the formwork 3. , the fluid pressure cylinder 11, etc.

As the mobile hopper 1, the conventional mobile hopper 1a shown in FIG. 7 can be used as is. Although the conventional formwork 3 can be used, it is necessary to provide a row of holes in one side wall of the formwork 3 through which two sets of partition rod groups 90 can pass through in this example.

The partition rod group 90 plays an important role in determining the state of the boundary area between the concrete C ₁ and C ₂ on both sides, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. If the gap between the partition rods 9 is small as shown in FIG. 4, only a small amount of the dominant concrete C ₂ will enter into the concrete C ₁ side, and if the gap is large as shown in FIG. 5, a large amount will enter. Furthermore, the effect of preventing concrete C ₂ from advancing changes depending on the cross-sectional shape and area of the partition rod 9. After the partition rod 9 is removed, concrete comes on both sides, and the more dominant side also enters. FIG. 6 shows the state after the partition rod 9 shown in FIG. 5 has been removed. The width (thickness) M of the boundary area where the two concretes C ₁ and C ₂ intermingled with each other and where mixing occurred near the contact surface is called the mixed width.

Needless to say, if the bonding properties of the concretes C ₁ and C ₂ on both sides are the same, the larger the mixed width M is, the greater the bonding strength will be. The partition rod group adapted to the required mixed width is
It is determined by repeating experiments on target concretes C ₁ and C ₂ using a group of test partition bars with variable cross-sections and mutual spacing of the partition rods 9. Once you get used to it, you can predict it without experimenting.

The partition rod group 90 of this embodiment is integrated by a tightening member 12 that clamps and fixes the end portions of the round rods in parallel at required intervals. Even when each partition rod 9 is pulled out of the formwork 3, its tip is inserted into the hole of the guide member 10, so that it is easy to push it in. Furthermore, partition rod group 90
is always held horizontally by the guide member 10, but when receiving the impact of the concrete dropped within the formwork 3, it may be necessary to devise a method in which its tip is supported by the inner wall of the formwork 3.

The partition rod 9 may be a rod with a rectangular or elliptical cross section instead of a round rod, and when it is tightened and fixed with the tightening material 12, it may be possible to give each rod an appropriate angle so that the resistance to passage of concrete can be changed. In that case, it is necessary to insert a lining plate with corresponding holes in the side wall of the formwork so that it can be replaced.

The bottom surface of the formwork 3 is open, and the plate 13 is placed there.
, and is pushed up by the lifting support plate 6 (Fig. 1). Concrete C ₁ and C ₂ are put in and immediately pressurized by the press 7, and after being vibrated by a vibration device (not shown), the partition bar group 90 is extracted from the formwork 3, or after being extracted, pressure is applied. Shake or
Also, it is up to the field engineer to decide whether to do both.

When the partition rod group 90 is pulled out and the lifting support plate 6 is lowered, the block is moved to the contact plate 13 as shown by the chain line in FIG.
It is placed on top and removed from the mold.

Although the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention has been described above by way of one embodiment, it goes without saying that various modifications may be made according to the designer's known techniques without changing the gist thereof. If the target block is a conventional fracture surface block that has not yet broken, the above example will be used, but concrete blocks with different layers, such as decorative concrete, waterproof concrete, heat-resistant concrete, sound-insulating concrete, etc. on one or both sides, will be used. It can be applied as a product, and if the product changes, the formwork and other parts will naturally change as well.

Next, the manufacturing method of this invention will be described.

The method of using the above-described embodiment of the apparatus has already been described, but the manufacturing method of the present invention uses a group of partition rods arranged in parallel at mutual intervals and a cross section of the rods adapted to the required mixed width of heterogeneous concrete in the boundary area. The method is characterized in that the inside of the frame is divided into a plurality of sections, concrete of a required quality is poured into each section from above, and then the group of partition rods is removed from the inside of the formwork in the direction of the rod axis.

In other words, it consists of three steps: dividing the inside of the formwork using partition rods, dropping various types of concrete into each section from above, and removing the partition rods. The partition rod group can be used freely, and it is not limited to horizontally inserting and removing from the side of the formwork as in the above embodiment. For example, it is possible to insert and remove the partition vertically from the top or bottom, or to use two groups of partition rods in the same boundary area so as to intersect with each other. If the partitioning effect of the partition rod group is strengthened by reducing the mutual spacing between the partition rods or by making the rod groups intersect, a large amount of concrete from the other side can be prevented from entering into the side where the concrete is delayed.

The concrete boundary area diagrams shown in Figures 4 to 6 show that concrete C ₂ is predominant and concrete C ₁
is expanding into The reason for one side advancing into the other section in this way is thought to be the difference in the cumulative velocity within the formwork, fluidity, and density of the concrete C ₁ and C ₂ on both sides. Among these, differences in cumulative speed may cause excessive advance, but small differences can have the effect of widening the mix. This is because when the concrete on one side advances appropriately to the other side, the cumulative surface of the concrete on the other side reaches and repeats the process of suppressing the advance.

Generally, hardened concrete with poor fluidity is used, so unless the distance between the partition bars is too large, even if the concrete dropping speed is slow, concrete on one side will overflow and the partitioning function of the group of partition bars will be lost. There aren't many things.

Although it is referred to as "heterogeneous concrete," it is not limited to concrete made of cement, sand, or gravel, but also includes materials that have similar shapes and bonding properties to concrete and are composited with concrete. In such a case, there is a large difference in density and fluidity from the concrete side, so it is necessary to appropriately adjust the cross section of the partition rod, the mutual gap, and the difference in dropping speed.

In contrast to all conventional concrete blocks with different layers, in which different materials are adjacent to each other with clear planar boundaries, this invention provides an idea and means for creating a boundary area with an artificially widened mixing width. , also disclosed mixed width adjustment means. It goes without saying that the joint state is stronger when the two materials are intertwined with each other and the boundary area is thicker than when the joining surfaces of dissimilar materials are flat.

As a means of creating such a boundary area, the present invention uses a group of partition rods instead of conventional partition plates, and adjusts the cross section and mutual spacing of the rods to adapt to the required mixed width, so the mechanism is simple and the adjustment results are simple. appears clearly. The concrete on both sides, which has entered the required width through the gap between the partition rods, remains in its intricate state when the partition rods are removed in the axial direction, making it possible to obtain a boundary area with strong bonding force.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are elevational and plan views of one embodiment of the device of the invention, Figure 3 is a side sectional view of the same essential parts, and Figures 4 and 5.
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing two types of boundary areas, and Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing two types of boundary areas.
Figures 7 and 8 are explanatory diagrams of two conventional methods after the partition rod is pulled out. 1...Drop mechanism (movable hopper), 3...Formwork, 10
...Guiding material, 11...Fluid pressure cylinder, 90...Partition rod group.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The formwork is divided into a plurality of sections by a group of partition rods in which partition rods are arranged in parallel at mutual intervals, and the cross section of the rod is adapted to the required width of mixed concrete of different types in the boundary area. A method for manufacturing a concrete block having different layers, characterized in that after concrete of a required quality is poured from above, the group of partition rods is removed from the formwork in the direction of the rod axis. 2. A dropping mechanism that dumps heterogeneous concrete almost simultaneously from multiple parallel injection ports, a formwork that receives the poured concrete from the top opening, and a bar cross section that is adapted to the required width of mixed concrete in the boundary area. , a group of partition rods in which horizontal rods are arranged vertically at mutual intervals to partition the inside of the formwork into a plurality of sections, and the group of partition rods penetrates one side wall of the formwork so that the tip thereof reaches the side wall on the other side. A manufacturing device for a concrete block having different layers, characterized by being equipped with a guide and a drive mechanism for inserting the concrete block up to and extracting it from the formwork.