JPS6128338A - Apparatus and method for keeping fish body fresh - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for shock killing and transporting caught fish.

At present, large amounts of highly catchable commercial fish (sardines, horse mackerel, barley, saury, herring, etc.) caught using purse seines, bar nets, etc., are produced in water mixed with crushed ice and seawater (generally called water ice). ), the water ice method is generally used, in which the temperature of the fish's body is brought down to freezing point, kept cool, and brought back to the fishing port.

In this water ice method, as shown in Fig. 8, first, crushed ice 21, which is about 20% of the tank volume, is loaded into the fish tank 7 as sewage, and then seawater is poured into it to form water ice. In the fish tank, live fish from the fish net 9 are put in and shocked to death, but at first the amount of fish in the fish tank is small compared to the amount of water ice, so it is cold sea water. Live fish can be thrown into the tank to shock them to death, but as the number of fish increases, crushed ice 21 is thrown in from the upper h5, and seawater is poured in as needed. The inventor discovered that the ideal initial treatment was not possible, in which live fish were put into cold seawater and died of shock the moment they drank the cold seawater. This is because the unloading of the fish from the net, the application of water (supply of crushed ice), and the supply of seawater are not carried out continuously and rationally at the same time, resulting in the supply of crushed ice21, which results in a large amount of tamokko mokko etc. of live fish and crushed ice 2
The live fish will be bouncing around on top of the 1, and the live fish will eventually die after a few minutes, but it cannot be said that they died of shock. In other words, the fish live in the air for several minutes, and it was considered that the rate of heat exchange between the air and the fish body is slower than that between the liquid (cold seawater) and the fish body, so it was considered impossible to shock the fish to death. It is.

All you have to do is make a lot of water ice and throw all the live fish into the cold seawater, that is, into the liquid, but in order to do that, you have to pour a large amount of seawater into the fish tank 7 from the beginning. If the amount of crushed ice 21 is mistakenly too small, the seawater will not be cooled to near zero and the horn tank will be full, which will not only make it impossible to cool the fish bodies, but also make it impossible to load the precious horns. In addition, if a large amount of water ice is made in the fish tank 7 from the beginning and live fish are put into it, i.e., if the initial amount of sub-icing water is extremely increased, the next time live fish are put in, it will not be as cold as the ice water. The fish are not evenly distributed, and a large amount of live fish becomes clumped in one place and the temperature rises, resulting in loss of fresh fish. Ideally, the fish, water, and crushed ice 21 should be kept as uniform as possible in the fish tank 7, and the temperature should be maintained around zero degrees. It is not desirable to supply it.

Even if crushed ice 21 is supplied to the fish tank 7, the fish bodies will settle to the bottom of the cold water and crushed ice will float on the surface, so it is very difficult to judge from the above = lS how much crushed ice has been supplied. It was difficult and they were constantly supplying more crushed ice than necessary.

Therefore, as mentioned above, live fish are first put into the water ice, then broken ice 21 and live fish are supplied, and as little seawater as possible is poured into the water, so that when one fish tank 7 is filled, , seawater and crushed ice 21 are supplied for final adjustment. In order to load the fish in this manner, it is necessary to avoid causing the live fish to jump on the broken ice 21 and cause them to die from shock, and also because it takes a long time to quickly cool the live fish, which have a body temperature of over 20 degrees Celsius, to zero degrees. be. Furthermore, it generally takes a long time for live fish to die, and if you exercise too hard during that time, fatigue accumulates in your muscles, and live fish (fresh fish) that die in that state taste bad. It is said.

Live fish may bleed from the gills until they die.
In addition, a large amount of excrement may be discharged from the anus, and in the conventional known technology, the fish is treated with cold water in the fish tank 7 using water ice and then stored as cold in the fish tank. They are then stored immersed in contaminated cold water for several hours to a week before being washed.

Therefore, in addition to the progress of putrefaction from the digestive system from inside the fish body, it also prevents the progress of putrefaction due to the proliferation of bacteria such as bacteria contained in blood and excrement that have organic putrefaction factors contained in external cold water. They paid for the equipment and method.

It is an object of the present inventor to propose an apparatus and method for reliably shock-killing live fish with cold water and maintaining high freshness thereafter.

Description of Embodiment 1 Seawater is poured into a cold water tank 1 shown in FIG. 1, and the seawater is cooled by a cooler 2 (refrigeration compressor) to maintain a temperature of 2 to 3°C below zero.

Cold water is supplied to a pre-cooling tank 4 by a circulation pump 3. The atmosphere member 6 is passed from the bottom of the pre-cooling tank 4 through the rising part of the transfer pipe 5.
The upper part of the atmosphere member 6 is opened to the atmosphere and the transfer pipe 5
It is further transferred in the horizontal direction through the descending part of the fish tank 7, and communicates with a drain separator 8 that can be selectively moved between the fish tanks 7.

The cold water discharged by the drain separator 8 is returned to the cold water tank 1 through the water ring pipe 19. While repeating operation in this state, the temperature of the seawater decreases to an appropriate temperature of 2 to below zero.
When the temperature reaches 3℃, preparation is complete.

Next, the live fish in the fish net 9 are pumped up together with seawater by a fish pump 10, the seawater and live fish are separated by a drain separator 11, the seawater is drained out to sea, and the live fish are supplied to a pre-cooling tank 4.

Since the water temperature in the pre-cooling tank 4 is low, the live fish die from shock the moment they drink the cold water and breathe (2 to 3 seconds to 10-odd seconds) and sink to the bottom of the pre-cooling tank 4. The fresh fish that has settled to the bottom of the pre-cooling tank 4 rises along with the flowing water from the rising part of the transfer pipe 5 to the atmosphere part 6, and further rises again through the transfer pipe 5 extending horizontally in the descending part, and is transferred to the draining separator 8. The fresh fish is separated from the cold water and supplied to the fish tank 7.

The live fish is shocked to death in the pre-cooling tank 4, cooled appropriately while passing through the pre-cooling tank 4 and the transfer pipe 5, and then supplied to the fish tank 7, so that extremely uniform cooling is possible. Transfer pipe 5
The rising portion and the function of the air member 6 will be explained next.

If cold water is supplied directly downward from the bottom of the pre-cooling tank 4 to the draining separator 8 through the transfer pipe 5, a rapid flow of cold water will occur due to the drop, and the pre-cooling tank 4 will immediately become empty and will be lost. 8 is flooded with high-speed running water, and the drainage separator 8 is activated and overflows with water. or,
If the head is configured so that it flows slowly, the head will change due to the pitching and rolling of the ship, so the flow speed will not be constant, and the flow will stop or go in the opposite direction.

In the present invention, the pre-cooling tank 4 is installed at a relatively high position in the hull, for example, at the rear of the wheelhouse or at the bow, and the head is greater than the level at which vertical movement due to pitching is not a problem (approximately 1 m to several meters).
This is a configuration in which the C speed can be freely adjusted by adding υ.

Firstly, by providing a riser from the bottom of the pre-cooling tank 4 and raising the transfer pipe 5 to near the water surface level of the pre-cooling tank 4, a large amount of cold water is always stored in the pre-cooling tank 4. A descending part is provided at the top of the transfer pipe 5 to lower it down and communicate with the water draining separator 8.
It communicates with the atmosphere and prevents the siphon effect.

With the above configuration, a constant amount of cold water is always stored in the pre-cooling tank 4, which shock-kills and cools the live fish, and also controls the water supply amount of the circulation pump 3 and the regulating valve 12.
The cold water transfer speed of the transfer pipe 5 is reliably determined by adjusting the opening degree of the transfer pipe 5.

When the amount of water supplied from the cold water supply pipe 13 decreases, the water level at the bottom of the aeration member 6 becomes lower, as shown in the figure, and the water level at the descending part drops slightly.

The flow rate in the transfer pipe 5 from the bottom to the descending part of the aerated member 6 becomes high, and the fresh fish falls to the water surface level at a somewhat high speed, but the fish body is not damaged because it falls into the water.

As the opening degree of the regulating valve 12 is gradually increased, the transfer speed of the transfer pipe 5 becomes gradually faster. That is, since the water supplied from the cold water supply pipe 13 flows through the transfer pipe 5 as it is (although the rapid water flow increases by the amount of fish supplied in the pre-cooling tank 4), the fish water transfer speed can be freely controlled steplessly by the regulating valve 12. In this case, Hl shown in the figure is the head loss due to water flow resistance in the piping from the pre-cooling tank 4 to the aeration member 6, and H2 is the water level at the descending part of the transfer pipe 5. , is the level difference between the water supply port of the drain separator 8, i.e., the discharge port of the transfer pipe 5, and corresponds to the heladros of the transfer pipe 5, and the higher the water flow rate, the higher the value. .

If it is necessary to sufficiently cool the fish using this pre-cooling device, reduce the amount of fish lifted by the Finsch pump 10, throttle the regulating valve 12 to pre-cool as long as possible in the pre-cooling Pa4, and It is sufficient to transfer slowly over a period of time, or if a large amount is to be processed in a short time, it is sufficient to increase the opening degree of the regulating valve 12 and transfer at a high speed, which can be freely selected.

The fresh fish drained by the water draining separator 8 is mixed with crushed ice and processed in the fish tank 7 by the water ice method as in the conventional manner. Since the fish bodies have been reliably shocked to death with cold water in advance and further cooled, the amount of crushed ice used in the fish tank 7 is sufficient even if it is small.

Once loading into one fish tank 7 is completed, the draining separator 8 is movable, so it is moved to the next fish tank 7 and used.

The suction transfer by the fish pump 10 from the fish net 9 transfers a large amount of live fish in seawater, so the Finsch pump 10 must be operated at high speed to flow water at a high speed through the suction hose 14. However, the transfer pipe 5 of this pre-cooling device is a dead fresh fish, which is transferred very slowly at a speed of about 0.1 m to 1 m per second. 1
．． Unless there is a flow velocity of 5 m/sec to 3 m/sec, the water will not be sucked up. Therefore, the drain separator 11 is a large fixed type, and even if the transfer pipe 5 with the same diameter of 1" is used, the drain separator 8 has a small amount of water to be treated, and it is easy to use a small and lightweight mobile type. It is.

To cool the cold water tank 1, in addition to using the cooler 2, a large amount of crushed ice may be added to the seawater. In that case, a porous filter (not shown) that allows only the seawater to pass through and not the crushed ice may be used. It is sufficient to suck it into the circulation pump 3 through the pump.

In addition, if a pump is used that allows small pieces of crushed ice to be mixed in and can be transferred without crushing the crushed ice itself, the crushed ice and fresh fish can be simultaneously transferred to the separate lake 8 via the transfer pipe 5, and the crushed ice and fresh fish can be transferred to the fish tank at the same time. It is also possible to supply

The precooling tank 4 of this precooling device needs to be placed at a relatively high place, and it is desirable that the live fish be continuously supplied. It depends on whether all fresh fish can be uniformly immersed in cold water for the same amount of time. +7'% - When lifting fish from the fish net 9 with the fish pump 10, it is more expensive than when lifting with a net or triangular net. It is very easy to supply to any location on the ship, and it can be supplied to any location on the ship using only hose piping. Also, the supply is continuous and does not require batch supply as is the case with rope netting or triangular motsuko. It is. Therefore, when using this precooling device, the supply by the Finsch pump 10 is the most accurate.

Description of Example 2 As shown in FIG. 2, if the temperature of the cold water supplied to the pre-cooling tank 4 is about 2 to 3°C below zero, the live fish will not be frozen.
Since no ice crystals are generated within the fish meat, the fresh fish that died from shock has a higher specific gravity than water and settles to the bottom of the pre-cooling tank 4.
If the temperature of the cold water is further lowered, live fish will instantly freeze from the surface and have a tendency to rise to the surface of the cold water.

When cooling seawater, it is known that the higher the salt concentration, the lower its freezing point. In the case of normal seawater, the freezing point is -3°C to -4°C when the salinity is 3 to 4%, and in order to lower the water temperature further and use it in a liquid state without freezing, add salt to reduce the salinity. It is necessary to increase the salt concentration, but by increasing the salt concentration, the specific gravity of the cold water further increases, so the fish float near the surface of the cold water.

In this embodiment, the fish bodies floating on the water surface are subjected to shock death treatment and pre-cooled to achieve high freshness.

In the figure of the second embodiment, live fish supplied from a Finsch pump (not shown) is discharged into a pre-cooling hopper 15 by a draining separator 8 . Cooling water cooled to several degrees below zero is supplied to the pre-cooling hopper 15 from the upper part and descends through the supply pipe 16, so the fish are rapidly cooled in this part and die of shock, flowing down together with the cold water. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the supply pipe 16 is relatively small, and because of the level difference H1 between the water surface of the pre-cooling tank 4 and the water surface of the pre-cooling hopper 15, a rapid downward flow occurs, and the flow speed is determined to be faster than the floating speed of the fish. Therefore, the fish bodies flow down due to the flow of cold water and are supplied to the bottom of the pre-cooling tank 4. The fish floats upward from the bottom of the pre-cooling tank 4, and within the pre-cooling tank 4, the fish are temporarily retained and further cooled.

Next, a discharge opening near the upper water surface of the pre-cooling tank 4 [117
The floating fish flows down together with the cold water into the transfer pipe 5, and the transfer pipe 5 is further extended horizontally to the drain separator 8.
The cold water and the fish bodies are separated, and the fish bodies are returned to the fish tank 7 and the cold water is further returned to the cold water tank 1 via the water return pipe 19. When the fish body cooled by continuously repeating the above operation is supplied to the fish tank 7 and the live fish is thrown into cold water that has been cooled to several degrees below zero, the surface of the fish body momentarily turns white and freezes. It turns out that As a result, the fish body, which had been staring at it, momentarily stiffens and stops moving (presumably because the surface is frozen solid, making it unable to move) and rises to the surface of the water. Therefore, instead of dying after going wild,
Since the fish instantly becomes firm, the taste of fresh fish is thought to be very good.

Since the fish is transferred to a fish tank and treated with water ice while the surface is frozen or the freezing has not progressed to the inside, it is desirable that the fish meat be cooled appropriately before it forms ice crystals.
Therefore, the water ice method must avoid cooling and freezing for too long. (This is different from the case of cryopreservation) If this fish body is cooled and floats to the surface, the favorable percentage
r J-V@-IAykmaTransfer is possible by transferring the feed pipe 13 and the transfer pipe 5 at a certain high speed, and is suitable for cold storage processing of a large amount of fish bodies at high speed in a short period of time.

Explanation of Embodiment 3 Live fish, which have been drained with a net or triangular fish, are put into the pre-cooling tank 4 of the fish body detailing device shown in FIG. be done.

As shown in the figure, the fish pump 18 employs an ejector pump that has a relatively low head for short-distance transfer and does not have the effect of bending the fish body. (The bladeless rotary type pump has the effect of bending the fish body inside the impeller, so there is no problem with live fish, but there is a risk of damaging dead fish.) The fish pump 18 is placed at a higher place than the pre-cooling tank 4. It is supplied to the drain separator 8. The cold water is returned to the cold water tank 1 by the drain separator 8 as in the previous embodiment, and the fish bodies are supplied to the next stage fish body sorting machine 20, where the slits are arranged in parallel and placed on a sorting slit with an appropriate slope. is slid from right to left as shown in Fig. 3, and fish bodies smaller than the width of the slit fall and are thrown into the fish tank 7A, while larger fish bodies that do not fall are supplied to the fish tank 7B.

In this case, when live fish are fed to a direct-type fish body size sorter, the binned fish bodies bounce and the small fish bodies that have to fall intersect with the large fish bodies, reducing the sorting efficiency. Since the fish were once shocked to death in the pre-cooling tank 4, the sorting efficiency was high without the above-mentioned jumping.

-The cold water drained by the drain separator 8 is
It is injected by Java and scattered on the crushed ice 21 in the cold water tank 1.

In the cold water tank 1, a large amount of crushed ice 21 is piled up, and the water that is sprinkled on the crushed ice 21 and cooled by heat exchange between the water and the crushed ice is mixed with the water that the crushed ice 21 has melted. 1
Stays at the bottom. (WL) is the water surface level.

The cold water in the cold water tank 1 is sucked into the circulation pump 3 through a filter 22 through which solid crushed ice cannot pass and only water passes, and is then supplied to the precooling tank 4 again.

On the other hand, the cold water sucked into the water pump 25 is press-fitted into the pressure chamber 23 of the ejector and transferred from the pressure chamber 23 in the direction of transfer.
The water is ejected in a direction inclined to the center direction of the pipe, and the kinetic energy of the ejected water inhales the fish water in the suction pipe 24.
The velocity head is converted into a pressure head by the tiffuser, in which the cross-sectional area of the pipe expands in the transfer direction, and the pressure head is sent to the transfer pipe 5 and reaches the drain separator 8.

In this case, the transfer capacity of the fish pump 18 can be adjusted by the adjustment valve 26, and the amount of water supplied to the precooling tank 4 can be adjusted by the adjustment valve 12, but if the adjustment is slightly off, the precooling will be interrupted. The tank 4 may overflow, or conversely, the cold water may run out and air may be sucked into the fish pump 18.

Therefore, to prevent this, always use the fish pump 1.
A large amount of cold water is supplied to the pre-cooling tank 4, and the overflowing cold water is passed through the filter 27 through which only water passes, without passing through the fish body, to the upper part of the pre-cooling tank 4 through the overflow pipe 28. The cold water tank 1 is then returned to the original cold water tank 1. Therefore, a large amount of cold water is constantly supplied and circulated in the pre-cooling tank 4, and even if a large amount of live fish with a high temperature is supplied at once using a fishing net, the water temperature does not rise and the fish can be reliably cooled. It can be done.

Example 4 By using the pre-cooling device of the present invention, live fish are shocked to death, and the fish body is pre-cooled to cool the body temperature of the live fish, which ranges from 20-odd degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius, to around 0 degrees Celsius. Therefore, to keep the fish cool in the fish tank, it is not necessary to use a large amount of crushed ice as in known examples, and once the fish body has been cooled to 0°C, the digestive action of the digestive enzymes in the internal organs is not active, so it does not generate heat. This means that there is less melting of crushed ice. In the known example, live fish had to be killed in a fish tank and then cooled down to 0 degrees Celsius, so the ratio of water to crushed ice was adjusted to take into account that the crushed ice would melt, and a large amount of crushed ice was added. Because the device of the present invention is used to introduce pre-cooled fish, it is possible to accommodate a large number of fish in the fish tank at a ratio of water ice to fish.

In Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 4, an appropriate amount of crushed ice is loaded in advance at a fishing port into each fish tank 7A, 7B, seawater is poured into the tank to create water ice, and pre-cooled fish bodies are poured into the tank. and blows out air from the blower members 29 provided at the bottoms of the fish tanks 7A and 7B to prepare the fish tanks γK.

The structure is such that the inside of the tank 7B is stirred so that the fish bodies and water ice are evenly mixed in.

In the known example, it was necessary to make a small amount of water ice called sewage in a fish tank, put live fish into it, and then alternately put crushed ice and live fish into it, but in reality, it was necessary to add crushed ice and live fish alternately. Insert.

Therefore, there is no need to transport and spread crushed ice at sea. On purse seiner vessels, etc., a large amount of crushed ice is loaded into many fish tanks, and before loading the fish for hoisting, the crushed ice in the fish tanks is hoisted onto a deck using a crane, etc., and manual shoveling is required during the hoisting operation. However, this work was extremely hard and dangerous, requiring many workers, and was a bottleneck for transport ship operations. It can eliminate work.

That is, in Fig. 4, the fish tank 7A is loaded with crushed ice suitable for the amount of fish to be loaded in advance at the fishing port, seawater is poured into it to create water ice, and the fumarole at the bottom of the negative tank 7A is loaded. Member 29
Compressed air produced by a pressure 8 machine 30 such as a Roots blower is blown out from the tank to rapidly exchange heat between the crushed ice and seawater, creating a large amount of water ice, into which cooled fresh fish is thrown as in fish tank 7B. The supplied fresh fish and water ice are stirred and homogenized by the convection stirring action caused by the upward force of the bubbles ejected from the blower member 29. In this case, unlike the known example, a large amount of crushed ice is not required, so the agitation efficiency is very high, and the fish bodies are moved by convection along with the cold water in the fish tank, and are evenly distributed.

The pre-cooling tank 4 and cold water tank 1 of this pre-cooling device can be shared by a simple design change, and the fish bodies and crushed ice can be stored in the fish tank by accumulating a large amount of crushed ice in the pre-cooling tank or by supplying them one after another. The cold water may be supplied to the pre-cooling tank 4 and then returned to the pre-cooling tank 4 for circulation. Alternatively, a heat exchanger for the cooler 2 may be built into the pre-cooling tank 4 to constantly further cool the chilled water.

In short, the fish are temporarily cooled in the pre-cooling tank 4, transferred along with the cold water through the transfer pipe 5 using the fish pump 18 or a drop, the cold water and the fish are separated at the end, and the fish are discharged, while the cold water is again pre-cooled. Circulate into tank 4. The present invention is characterized in that a circulation path including means for further cooling the cold water is formed at at least two locations in the fish body and cold water transfer path.

Embodiment 5 This is a pre-cooling device that is most suitable for a purse seine carrier that catches a large amount of sardines, horse mackerel, mackerel, etc., which are representative of large-catch fish.

Large purse seine carriers usually have six or seven aft four
Fish tanks numbered to number 5 are used as pre-cooling tank 4.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view.

Before sailing, crushed ice is loaded into the fish tank at a fishing port quay, etc., and a fishing net or the like is opened at the top of the fish tank as a fish collecting member 31 as shown in the figure, and the bottom is connected to the fish pump 18 through an outlet 32. , and further communicates with the drain separator 8. The drain separator 8 is stretched so as to supply cut fresh fish to a fish tank in a pond. Below, we will explain how to use it at fishing grounds.

First, seawater is poured into the pre-cooling tank 4 to form water ice.

The amount of seawater injected should be such that even when live fish are put in, the cold water will not overflow the fish tank, and the amount of water should be adjusted accordingly. From the time seawater is injected, the compressor 30, such as a roots blower, is operated to inject air bubbles from the blower member 29, and as the air bubbles rise, the surrounding seawater rises, and the inside of the fish tank is stirred by convection, so it is short-lived. Over time, some of the crushed ice melts and exchanges heat with seawater to provide sufficiently cooled water.

Next, the fish pump 18 is operated to absorb cold water from the outlet 32 at the bottom of the fish collecting member 31, and forcefully sends it to the drain separator 8 through the transfer pipe 5. The water is then circulated back through the water return port 33 at the bottom of the pre-cooling tank 4. In this case, the amount of water returned to the left and right water return ports 33 is balanced by the two regulating valves 34.

2, all the circuits of the fish pump 18 are filled with cold water, and the fish pumping operation is started after being sufficiently cooled.

The live fish drained using a net or a triangular net is supplied to the upper part of the pre-cooling tank 4. Live fish suddenly thrown into cold water that has been cooled to or near zero degrees Celsius,
The fish die from shock and settle into the old part of the fish tank. At this time, the pre-cooling tank 4
L3 died of shock after being thrown into the room and was at a temperature of over 20 degrees Celsius.
It takes at least several minutes for a fish body with a body temperature of 0°C to cool down to a certain extent to the inside of the fish body, although this varies depending on the size of the fish body. Therefore, taking into consideration the transfer time in the transfer pipe 5 by the fish pump 18, the fish pump 18 is temporarily stopped, and after several tens of seconds or several minutes, the fish pump is started to remove the fresh fish that has settled to the bottom of the fish tank. It is transferred toward the water draining separator 8. Fish size,
Depending on the amount of fish, etc., it is possible to freely select whether to operate or stop the fish pump 18, or to set the transfer speed by adjusting the rotation speed, etc., depending on the situation. That is, if the transfer speed of the fish pump 18 is set slowly, the fish pump 18
The operation may be continuous operation.

Cold water and fresh fish are separated by a drain separator 8, and the fresh fish is supplied to another fish tank 7 treated with water ice. in this case,
Some of the crushed ice in the pre-cooling tank 4 may also be transferred together with the fresh fish, and large crushed ice that does not fall through the porous member of the draining separator 8 is supplied to the fish tank 7 together with the fresh fish.

The cold water drained by the drain separator 8 is returned again through the water return port 33 of the pre-cooling tank 4, rises to - along with the bubble flow rising from the blower member 29, and is cooled by exchanging heat with the crushed ice floating above. . The live fish supplied one after another through the hatch port 35 are subjected to shock death treatment with cold water, are pre-cooled, are transferred to the corner v7 of the pond by the fish pump 18, and are treated with water ice.

As the crushed ice in the pre-cooling tank 4 gradually melts and the water temperature rises, the cold water also becomes contaminated due to bleeding and excrement from the fish, so some or all of the cold water should be dumped at sea. , it becomes necessary to replenish crushed ice from another fish tank and inject fresh seawater to create fresh ice-cold water.

Further, it is possible to freely change the design by installing a cooler in the pre-cooling tank 4 and keeping the inside of the pre-cooling tank at a low temperature by heat of evaporation from a refrigerant such as Freon gas.

Embodiment 6 The apparatus shown in FIG. 6 is an embodiment of the present invention suitable for fishing with small and medium-sized purse seines, saury rod catch nets, and the like.

The scorched water supplied from the net by a Finsch pump (not shown) is drained of seawater by a drain separator 11, and the live fish are supplied to a pre-cooling hopper 15, which is supplied with cold water from a circulation pump. However, crushed ice is provided along with cold water.

The crushed ice is transferred together with air from an ice-breaking store such as a fish tank γ in a pond to a cyclone separate lake 36 by an air transfer device (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-34545 by the present inventor), and the crushed ice falls downward and undergoes the pre-cooling. It is supplied from the upper part of the hopper 15.

In the pre-cooling hopper 15, live fish, crushed ice and cold water are mixed,
The water flows down to the transfer pipe 5 communicating with the lower part of the pre-cooling hopper 15, and is transferred to the drain separator 8 via the transfer pipe 5, where the fresh fish and crushed ice are drained and transferred to the fish tank 7.
will be stored in. By selecting the size of the sieve of the perforated plate of the water drainer separator 8, small crushed ice flows down with water and is returned to the cold water tank 1 via the water pipe 19, where the small crushed ice is melted. This allows the cold water to cool completely.

With this configuration, the supply of crushed ice is fixed,
It is sufficient to supply crushed ice continuously with live fish from the cyclone separator 36 above the pre-cooling hopper 15, and there is no need to directly supply crushed ice to the fish tank 7 as in the Noh embodiment.

In addition, instead of the pre-cooling tank that stores a large amount of cold water as in the Noh embodiment, a small-volume pre-cooling hopper 15 is used to supply live fish, cold water, and crushed ice to the transfer pipe 5 while mixing them, so that the transfer is sufficient. The live fish is shocked to death while being transferred through the long transfer pipe 5, and the fish body is cooled to an appropriate temperature.

In the pre-cooling hopper 15, cold water is not stored, but
Due to the slope of the bottom surface, muddy water is moving in the direction of the transfer pipe 5, and in the case of cold water tank 1, crushed ice floats to the top, but ηL
When the water is moving, the crushed ice does not float to the surface, and together with the live fish, it is υ+f and flows into the transfer pipe 5.

In the transfer pipe 5, due to the gravity of the flowing water, the drain separator 8
The fish body and the crushed ice are transferred with the flow in the direction of , but since the crushed ice acts in the direction of floating in the cold water, the flow velocity in the transfer pipe 5 needs to be higher than the speed at which the crushed ice floats. (approximately 0.3 m/sec or more) The crushed ice transfer device sucks crushed ice together with air into the cyclone separator 36 from the ice crushing storage 37 through the flexible suction pipe 38 of the suction hose.
The air and crushed ice are separated from each other, and the crushed ice falls downward and is supplied to the rotary feeder 39. rotary feeder 39
As a result, the crushed ice is isolated from the inside of the cyclone separator 36, and is supplied to the water pipe 42, where it is pumped by air pressure. To reduce the pressure in the cyclone separator 36 and to supply pressurized air to the rotary feeder 39, a blower is connected and operated as shown in FIG.

The air sucked in by the blower 40 is cooled because it is sent together with the crushed ice, and the cooled air is compressed and supplied again, so that the ice is compressed with low-temperature, high-pressure air, so that the degree of melting is small. It is transported by air. (Detailed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-34545) The pre-cooling hopper 15 explained in each of the above embodiments of the present invention is a superordinate concept of the pre-cooling tank 4, and all of them have a shape that can supply and receive live fish from the air. It means something.

The transfer pipe 5 is not necessarily a pipe with a sealed structure around the periphery (circular cross section,
It does not have to be a square cross section), but may be a gutter-shaped one capable of transferring cold water and fish bodies, as shown in FIG. 7, and will be named a transfer waterway 41 in the claims. Next, in the embodiment, the cold water tank 1 with a built-in cooler for frozen ocean, the cold water tank simply filled with crushed ice, cooling by crushed ice thrown into the pre-cooling hopper 15, etc. are named cooling means, and the pipe line is Cooling may be performed externally, and the cooling means is not limited to those described in the examples.

Effects The present invention allows live fish caught at a fishing ground to be rapidly thrown into cold water with a low water temperature in a pre-cooling hopper, dried, and transported with the cold water to a fish tank or fish storage area. - We propose an apparatus and method for increasing the freshness of fish bodies by separating the fish body and cold water at the barbs (in the example, a draining separator), circulating the cold water again into the pre-cooling hopper, and repeating the above process.

In addition to improving freshness by causing the fish to die by shock and rapidly cooling them, when the fish die, they bleed and emit excrement, contaminating the cold water, and these contaminants can cause bacteria. These bacteria multiply and become a factor that reduces the freshness of fish from the outside.

The cold water circulating through the cold water tank and transfer pipe of the device of the present invention is drained at the tip and only the fish bodies are supplied to the fish tank, etc.
The above-mentioned pollutants are rarely discharged into fish tanks, and as is known, fish that die in fish tanks are kept in contaminated water until they are unloaded at the quay of a fishing port for several hours or several days. Fresh fish will be stored inside.

In particular, when a fish such as a fish tank dies, a large amount of bleeding is seen from the gills, and as is known in the art (7) If the fish dies in the tank, when it is landed at the quay, the inside of the fish tank becomes red-black water ice and a foul odor is emitted. This is special because the mackerel's blood probably contains a substance that causes the meat to rot.

Furthermore, in the case of places where landed live fish are immediately sorted at sea into large and small fish by sorting@, etc., it is difficult to perform accurate sorting work when directly sorting live fish due to the fish bouncing around. By implementing the invented device and method, it is possible to treat the fish as dead fresh fish, increasing the sorting efficiency.

Pre-chilled fresh fish is properly cooled inside the fish, so
When delivering water ice to a fish tank, the amount of crushed ice is sufficient (r) compared to known examples, and since the amount of crushed ice is also small, the crushed ice can be easily and evenly stirred by air bubbles from the bottom of the fish tank. There is no need to transport and spray the fish during full loading, which saves manpower and reduces the amount of work needed to unload the fish.

In addition, by using the device of the present invention, live fish can be reliably shocked to death, and furthermore, it can be reliably cooled with cold water at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined period of time, so that fish can Compared to shock death and cooling in a tank, the initial treatment is more reliable and guaranteed.

Furthermore, even fish bodies with sludge from the seabed can be washed and drained by the circulating cold water, so the cleaning effect can be expected.

In addition, this device is not only installed on fishing boats at sea, but can also be easily modified as land-based equipment for the purpose of maintaining the freshness of live freshwater fish inland. There are many contributions to be made to modernize fishing operations.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 6 are schematic cross-sectional views of a fish body high detailing device showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the gist of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a conventional fish body high detailing device. FIG. 1. Cold water tank, 2. Cooler, 3. Circulation pump, 4.
・Pre-cooling tank, 5. Transfer pipe, 6. Aeration member, γ. Fish tank, 8. Drainer separator, 9. -@mon, io. Finsch pump, 11. Drainer separator, 12.・Adjustment valve, 13.. RF @ water pipe for cold water, 14.. Suction hose, 15.. Pre-cooling hopper, 16.. Offering Buddha., 1
7. Discharge port, 18. Finsch pump, 19.]
Lk pipe, 20... Sorter, 21... Ice crusher, 22... φ filter, 23... Pressure chamber, 24... Suction pipe, 25... Water pump, 26... Adjustment valve, 27... Filter, 28...・Overflow pipe, 29.. Fumarole member, 30.. Compressor, 31.. Fish collection member, 32.. Discharge port, 33.. Water return port, 34.. Adjustment valve, 35.. Hatch port, 36.. Cyclone. Separator, 37. e Ice crushing storage, 38...Suction pipe, 39...Rotary feeder, 40...Blower, 41...Transfer pipe waterway,
42... Ice pipe, 43... Heat exchanger, Figure 4 Illustrated in Figure 5

Claims (15)

[Claims] (1) Live fish and cold water are supplied into the pre-cooling hopper, and transferred along with the cold water to a predetermined location via a transfer channel that communicates with the pre-cooling hopper, and the cold water and fish are separated by a drain separator at the end of the transfer channel. Then, the fish body is discharged, and cold water is again supplied into the pre-cooling hopper to form a circulation waterway, and at least a part of the transfer waterway and the circulation waterway is provided with a means for cooling the cold water, and the live fish supplied to the pre-cooling hopper is A method for increasing the freshness of fish bodies, which is characterized by rapidly cooling a transfer channel during transfer, causing the fish to die, and cooling and discharging the fish bodies. (2) A transfer waterway communicating with the pre-cooling hopper and a water cutter separator are provided at the other end of the transfer waterway, and a circulation waterway is configured to communicate with a water chamber at the bottom of the water cutter separator and circulate water back to the pre-cooling hopper; A cooling means for recooling the cold water is provided in at least a part of the transfer waterway and the circulation waterway, and cold water and live fish are supplied to the pre-cooling hopper, and the live fish are rapidly cooled to death by shock, while being transferred through the transfer waterway together with the cold water. Cool the fish, separate the fish from the cold water with a water drain separator, and discharge the fish, and at the same time, circulate the cold water back to the pre-cooling hopper via the circulation channel, and maintain the cold water at a predetermined cold water temperature by the cold water cooling means. A fish body high detailing device characterized in that it is configured as follows. (3) A cooler is installed inside the cold water tank provided in the middle of the return water pipe line that communicates the water chamber at the bottom of the drain separator with the pre-cooling hopper, and the chilled water cooling means is sent from the cold water tank to the pre-cooling hopper by a water pump. Claim No. (2) Supplying cold water
The fish body freshening device described in Section 2. (4) The fish body freshening device according to claim (2), wherein the transfer waterway is a transfer pipe having a pipe structure. (5) A pre-cooling tank for storing an appropriate amount of cold water integrally with the pre-cooling hopper is provided at the lower part of the pre-cooling hopper, and fish bodies are stored and cooled in the pre-cooling tank for a required time. 4) The fish body freshening device described in section 4). (6) The fish body height according to claim (4), wherein the transfer from the pre-cooling hopper to the draining separator is configured such that the pre-cooling hopper is placed higher than the draining separator so that the fish water flows down the transfer pipe by gravity. Freshness device. (7) The fish body freshening device according to claim (5), wherein the fish water is transferred from the pre-cooling tank to the drain separator by a fish pump. (8) The transfer from the pre-cooling tank to the draining separator is configured such that the water surface of the pre-cooling tank is placed higher than the draining separator so that the fish water flows down via the transfer pipe by gravity. The fish body freshening device described in Section 2. (9) A transfer pipe is connected to the bottom of the pre-cooling tank, and the transfer pipe rises from the bottom of the pre-cooling tank to near the water surface of the pre-cooling tank,
The cold water communicates with the atmosphere member which is open to the atmosphere at the top surface, drops downward, rises again near the separator, is discharged from the separator, and the temperature of the cold water supplied to the pre-cooling tank drops to below zero.
℃ or higher, the fish body freshening device according to claim (8). (10) A supply pipe extends downward in communication with the pre-cooling hopper;
The lower end of the supply pipe communicates with the bottom of the pre-cooling tank,
The pre-cooling tank is connected to a transfer pipe near the water surface, and the transfer pipe descends to communicate with a drain separator, and the chilled water is at -2 degrees Celsius or less. (8) The fish body freshening device described in item (8). (Example 2) (11) Claims (6) to (1) in which a fish sorting device for sorting the size or type of fish is disposed below the drain separator in correspondence with the outlet of the drain separator.
7) The fish body freshening device described in section 7). (Example 3) (12) The fish body freshening device according to claim (7), wherein the fish pump is an ejector and is energized by pressurized water obtained by pressurizing cold water in a cold water tank with a water pump. (Example 3) (13) A fumarole member is disposed at the bottom of the fish tank, seawater is poured into the broken ice in the fish tank to create water ice, fish bodies separated by a separator are thrown into the fish tank, and the fume member is placed at the bottom of the fish tank. The fish body freshening device according to claim (2), which is configured to generate countless air bubbles from the blowing member by supplying pressurized air to the fish body and water ice, thereby stirring the fish body and water ice and keeping them cool. . (Example 4) (14) A fish collection member made of a porous sheet material is installed in the precooling tank from the precooling hopper toward the outlet at the bottom of the precooling tank, and fish water is transferred from the outlet to the separator by a fish pump. A fish body freshening device according to claim (7), characterized in that: (Example 5) (15) Transfer the crushed ice from the ice-breaking store to the cyclone separator using the pneumatic ice-breaking transfer machine, install a pre-cooling hopper corresponding to the crushed ice outlet of the cyclone separator, transfer the fish bodies and crushed ice to the separator with cold water, and then A fish body freshening device according to claims (6) to (7), which is configured to separate ice and crushed ice from cold water and supply them to a fish tank.