JPS6142542B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6142542B2 JPS6142542B2 JP53006607A JP660778A JPS6142542B2 JP S6142542 B2 JPS6142542 B2 JP S6142542B2 JP 53006607 A JP53006607 A JP 53006607A JP 660778 A JP660778 A JP 660778A JP S6142542 B2 JPS6142542 B2 JP S6142542B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gum
- ester
- acid
- chewing gum
- chewing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 80
- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 80
- 235000010985 glycerol esters of wood rosin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000021311 artificial sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000008122 artificial sweetener Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- -1 pentaerythritol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical class OB(O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- MQRKKLAGBPVXCD-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,1-dioxo-1,2-benzothiazol-2-id-3-one;hydrate Chemical class O.[Ca+2].C1=CC=C2C([O-])=NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1.C1=CC=C2C([O-])=NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 MQRKKLAGBPVXCD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical class OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HBKBEZURJSNABK-MWJPAGEPSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl (1r,4ar,4br,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(=O)OCC(O)CO HBKBEZURJSNABK-MWJPAGEPSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- XTPLQANXHDDXIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;1,1-dioxo-1,2-benzothiazol-3-olate Chemical compound N.C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 XTPLQANXHDDXIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019614 sour taste Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 11
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 8
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000014749 Mentha crispa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 244000078639 Mentha spicata Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HCAJEUSONLESMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylsulfamic acid Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)NC1CCCCC1 HCAJEUSONLESMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001412 Chicle Polymers 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004378 Glycyrrhizin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000001794 Manilkara zapota Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000011339 Manilkara zapota Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004204 candelilla wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013868 candelilla wax Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside Natural products C1CC(C2C(C3(CCC4(C)CCC(C)(CC4C3=CC2=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)C2C(C)(C)C1OC1OC(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C1OC1OC(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960004949 glycyrrhizic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- UYRUBYNTXSDKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycyrrhizic acid Natural products CC1(C)C(CCC2(C)C1CCC3(C)C2C(=O)C=C4C5CC(C)(CCC5(C)CCC34C)C(=O)O)OC6OC(C(O)C(O)C6OC7OC(O)C(O)C(O)C7C(=O)O)C(=O)O UYRUBYNTXSDKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019410 glycyrrhizin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940085605 saccharin sodium Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019615 sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940073532 candelilla wax Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007958 cherry flavor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010630 cinnamon oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008369 fruit flavor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008164 mustard oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021096 natural sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940043243 saccharin calcium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPDGHEJMBKOTSU-YKLVYJNSSA-N 18beta-glycyrrhetic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C2=CC(=O)[C@H]34)[C@@](C)(C(O)=O)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@H]1[C@]3(C)CC[C@H](O)C1(C)C MPDGHEJMBKOTSU-YKLVYJNSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004255 Butylated hydroxyanisole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002568 Capsicum frutescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019499 Citrus oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-CUHNMECISA-N D-Cellobiose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-CUHNMECISA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N D-ribofuranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001553290 Euphorbia antisyphilitica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- XINCECQTMHSORG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoamyl isovalerate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(=O)CC(C)C XINCECQTMHSORG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHOQXEIFYTTXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutylene-isoprene copolymer Chemical compound CC(C)=C.CC(=C)C=C VHOQXEIFYTTXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKDRXBCSQODPBY-AMVSKUEXSA-N L-(-)-Sorbose Chemical compound OCC1(O)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LKDRXBCSQODPBY-AMVSKUEXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019501 Lemon oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019502 Orange oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rohrzucker Natural products OCC1OC(CO)(OC2OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C1O CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007651 Rubus glaucus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011034 Rubus glaucus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009122 Rubus idaeus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004847 absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010617 anise oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N aspartame Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010620 bay oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043253 butylated hydroxyanisole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010627 cedar oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001279 citrus aurantifolia swingle expressed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010500 citrus oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000625 cyclamic acid and its Na and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QGGZBXOADPVUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrochalcone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QGGZBXOADPVUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXLWOFBAEVGBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrochalcone Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1C1=C(O)C=CC(C(=O)CC(O)C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)=C1O PXLWOFBAEVGBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010642 eucalyptus oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940044949 eucalyptus oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007983 food acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010647 garlic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010651 grapefruit oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010501 lemon oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000845 maltitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010449 maltitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N maltitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035436 maltitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001855 mannitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001683 mentha spicata herb oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001047 methyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002324 mouth wash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010502 orange oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012169 petroleum derived wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019381 petroleum wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940114930 potassium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000473 propyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075579 propyl gallate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001327 prunus amygdalus amara l. extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010670 sage oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002920 sorbitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019721 spearmint oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000001779 taste bud Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010678 thyme oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000009637 wintergreen oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Confectionery (AREA)
Description
æ¬çºæã¯é¢šå³ä¿ææ§ããŠãŠã€ã³ã¬ã æŽã«è©³ãã
ã¯çå³ããã³é žå³ãæç¶ãããåŸã颚å³ä¿ææ§ã
ãŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«é¢ããã æ¬çºæã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãŸ
ãã¯ãµãã«ãªã³å¡©ã®ãããªäººå·¥çå³å€ãå«ãã¬ã
ããŒã¹ããæãã該人工çå³å€ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äž
ã«æº¶è§£ãããã¯å å ãããããã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ç
å³ææ··åç©ãã¬ã ããŒã¹æ¯äœäžã«åæ£ããããã
ãšããæã颚å³ä¿ææ§ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãªãã³ã«ã
ã®è£œæ³ãæäŸãããã®ã§ããã æ¬çºæã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹ããã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«åæ£
ãããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸã
ã¯é£åçšé žãå«æãããã®ã§ãã€ãŠãã¬ã ããŒã¹
äžã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãé åããåã«ãã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬
ã äžã«äººå·¥çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçšé žãå å
ããããããããã¯ããããã®æ¹æ³ã§å«æããã
ãããšããæãæç¶æ§çå³ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é žå³ã
æãã颚å³ä¿ææ§ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ããã³ãã®è£œæ³
ãå å«ããã æ¬çºæã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãã¬ã ããŒã¹å šäœã«åæ£ã
ãããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ããã³è©²ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã®ãšã¹ã
ã«ã¬ã éšåã«æº¶è§£ãŸãã¯åæ£ããããéé¢é žåãµ
ãã«ãªã³ãŸãã¯å¯æº¶æ§ãµãã«ãªã³å¡©ã®ãããªäººå·¥
çå³æãå«ã颚å³ä¿ææ§ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãªãã³ã«
ãã®è£œé æ³ã«æåããããã®ã§ããã éåžžã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯äžè¬ã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã
ããªé ¢é žããã«ãã©ããã¯ã¹é žã倩ç¶ããã³ïŒãŸ
ãã¯åæã¬ã ãã¯ãã¯ã¹ãçµç¹åœ¢æå€ããã³å¢é
å€ãããªãã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒæ°Žæº¶æ§éŠå³æããã³æ°Žæº¶
æ§çå³æããšãã°èç³ãã¶ã©ãç³ã®ãããªçš®ã ã®
ç³é¡ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãã
ãã¯ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ãã·ã¯ã©ãã³é žå¡©ããžãããã«
ã«ã³ã³ãã°ãªã·ã«ãªãã³ãã°ãªã·ã«ã¬ãã³é žå¡©ã®
ãããªäººå·¥çå³æïŒã¬ã·ãã³ãã¢ãããã³ãžã°ãª
ã»ã©ã€ãã®ãããªä¹³åå€ïŒããã³éŠå³å€ãããªã
ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãå«æããããããã¬ã ã¯ãæåæãŸ
ãã匷ãçå³ãåããããæåã«ïŒãªããïŒåé
ããã§ããéã«çå³ãšé¢šå³ãããå ãã«åããçš
床ã«éããã«äœäžããããã®çµæãïŒåéçšåºŠã
ããšå£ã®äžã«æ®ã€ãŠãããã¹ãŠã®ãã®ã¯é¢šå³ãè³
éŠãŸãã¯çå³ãæç¥ãããªãæ¬è³ªçã«å³ã®ããªã
å¡ãã«ãªãããããäºå®ããæãããªããã«ãæ
ç¶æ§é¢šå³ãšçå³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®å¿ èŠæ§
ãšãããæ±ããæ¶è²»è ã®æèŠã以åããæç¥ãã
ãŠããã æ¬çºæè ãã¯ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«ããã颚å³ãšç
å³ã®æç¶æ§ãæ¹è¯ããããçš®ã ç 究ãéããçµ
æãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãæ§æãããšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã äžã«çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯éŠå³æãé å
ããããšã«ãããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®çå³ããã³é¢š
å³ïŒããšãã°é žå³ã®ãªã颚å³ïŒããã«ïŒãæå®éŠ
å³ãé žå³ãªã©ïŒãæç¶ãããåŸãããšãèŠåºãã
æ¬çºæãå®æããã«å°ã€ãããã®ããã«é åãã
ããšã«ããã人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é¢šå³ãå®
質çã«ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ä¿æãããããã§ããéã
ç·©ããã«èª¿ç¯ããã€ã€åŸæ¶²äžã«æŸåºãããã äžèšããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã§éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ã
ããã«é žãã¢ãžãã³é žããã³ãã¯ãé žã®ãããªæ¯
èŒç溶ãã«ãã人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçš
é žãã§ããã ããããã溶ãåºããªãã§ã¬ã ããŒ
ã¹äžã«æ®ã€ãŠããããšãéèŠã§ãããããããé
åžžã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹çµæç©ãããªãã¡å å¡«å€ãšããŠç
é žã«ã«ã·ãŠã ïŒããšãŒã¯ïŒããã³ïŒãŸãã¯çµç¹åœ¢
æå€ãå«ãã¬ã ããŒã¹ãçšããŠããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã
補é ããåŸããã補åã宀枩ã§æ°é±éæ£ã«è²¯èµã
ãŠãããšãããã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯çå³ä¿ææ§ã
倱ãåŸåããããæããã«è²¯èµäžã«éé¢é žåãµã
ã«ãªã³ããã³åèšé£åçšé žãã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã§çé ž
ã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãšåå¿ããŠãµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ã
ãã³å¯Ÿå¿ããé£åçšé žã®ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ã圢æãã
ãããã®å¡©ãéé¢é žèªäœããå®è³ªçã«éãããŠãŒ
ã€ã³ã¬ã ãã溶ãåºããŠæŸåºãããããããã€ãŠ
éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ããã³é£åçšé žãå¯æº¶æ§ã®å¡©
ã«å€åããããšãã§ããã ãé¿ããã®ã奜ãŸã
ãã æ¬æ现æžäžãæ··åãæ··åãããæ··åãããå
å ãå¯æº¶åããã溶解ãããªã©ã®çšèªã¯ããšã¹ã
ã«ã¬ã ã«äººå·¥çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æ
ã溶解ãåæ£ãé åãªããå«æãããããããã
ã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšäººå·¥çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£å
çšé žããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æãç©ççã«æ··åã
ãä»ã®ããããæ £çšæè¡ã«ãã€ãŠãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ç©
質äžã«çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯éŠå³æãé åãªã
ã䜿çšããããšãæå³ããã éåžžã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯æåã¯éåžžã«åŒ·ãçå³
ãåãããããã¿å§ããŠããïŒãïŒåéã§ããã
ãŠéããã«ã»ãã®å ãã®çå³ã®ã¬ãã«ãŸã§äœäž
ãããã¿åºããŠçŽ10ã12åéã§ããããŠäœãçå³
ã®ã¬ãã«ãŸã§å®åžžçã«äœäžããããããã¬ã ããŒ
ã¹äžã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã æåã«é åããçå³æãå«ã
æ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯ãæåã®ïŒåéã¯ãã®
çå³ãéåžžã®ã¬ã ã®çå³ã«çžåœãããããã®åŸã¯
ãã€ãšç·©ããã«äœäžãå§ãããã¿å§ããŠçŽïŒåé
åŸã«æãŸããæ¿åºŠã®çãã«èœçããããªããŠãŒã€
ã³ã¬ã ãäžããããã®çå³ã®æ¿åºŠã¯ãã¿å§ããŠ30
åéãŸãã¯ãã以äžæ¬è³ªçã«å®å®ããŠæ®ããæ¬çº
æã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«ããããã¿å§ããŠããæ°å
éã«èªãããçå³ã¯ãã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã«ååš
ããç³é¡ãããã¯ç³ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãŸãã¯å¯æº¶æ§ã®äºº
å·¥çå³æïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšçµåããŠããªãçå³
æïŒã®ã¿ã«ãããã®ã§ããããã®åŸããšã¹ãã«ã¬
ã ã«çµåãã人工çå³æãæŸåºããã颚å³ã¯å®å®
ããçå³ã¯30åéãŸãã¯ãã以äžã«éããé·æé
ããã§ãæç¶ããã äžèšã®ããšããæãããªããã«ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«
åŸã€ãŠãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã é åç©äžã«äººå·¥çå³æãæ··å
ããããšã«ãããçå³æã®æåã®çå³ã®åŒ·ããäœ
äžããããŠãã®åŸã®çå³ãæç¶ããããããšãã§
ãããç³é¡ããã³ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«ä¿æããããª
ã人工çå³æã®åæ¹ãå«æããéåžžã®ããŠãŒã€ã³
ã¬ã ãããã ãšãæåã«æç¥ããããããªåŒ·åãª
çå³ãæŸåºããããšãªããããã ããšåŸã ã«ãšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã ããçå³ãæŸåºãããŠãã®é¢šå³ãé·ãæ
ç¶ããã¬ã ã補é ããããšãæãŸããã®ã§ãã
ã°ã氎溶æ§ç³ãç³ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãŸãã¯äººå·¥çå³æå«
æããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã éšåã«äººå·¥ç
å³å€ãé åããŠäœ¿çšããã°ããã çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯éŠå³æãšèåãããšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã ã補é ããã«éããŠããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ç©è³ª
ã¯äººå·¥çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æã«å¯Ÿã
ãŠééæ¯ã§çŽ200ïŒïŒãªããçŽ0.5ïŒïŒã®ç¯å²ã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ50ïŒïŒãªããçŽïŒïŒïŒã®ç¯å²ããšã¹ã
ã«ã¬ã äžã®äººå·¥çå³æãŸãã¯é£åçšé žã®æ¿åºŠã奜
ãŸããã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ééã®çŽ0.5ãçŽ50ïŒ ã®ç¯
å²ã«ãªãããã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã åŸèšã®ãããªäººå·¥çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçš
é žã¯ãã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã§ã¬ã ããŒã¹ééã®çŽ0.02ã
15ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®éã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.25ãïŒïŒ ã®ç¯å²
ã®éã§ååšãããå®æããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã«çŽ
0.002ã4.5ïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.05ãïŒïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®
éã§ååšãããããšãã§ããã ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã æåã¯ãããžã³ãŸãã¯æ¹è³ªããžã³
ïŒããšãã°æ°ŽçŽ åãïŒéåãéåããžã³ïŒã®ã¡ã
ã«ãšã¹ãã«ãã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãããã¯ãã³
ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãŸãã¯ãããã®æ··åç©
ãå å«ãããæ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«äœ¿çšãã
ã®ã«é©ãããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®äŸãšããŠã¯éšåæ°ŽçŽ å
ãŠããããžã³ã®ãã³ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã
ãŠããããžã³ã®ãã³ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã
éšåïŒéåããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãéå
ããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãããŒã«æ²¹ããžã³
ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ããŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»
ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ããã³ããžã³ã®éšåæ°ŽçŽ åã¡ãã«
ãšã¹ãã«ãŸãã¯äžèšç©è³ªã®ãã¡ã®ã©ããïŒçš®ãŸã
ã¯ãã以äžã®æ··åç©ãæããããšãã§ããã 奜ãŸããå®æœæ æ§ã«ããã氎溶æ§äººå·¥çå³æã®
äŸãšããŠå¯æº¶æ§ãµãã«ãªã³å¡©ãã·ã¯ã©ãã³é žå¡©ã
ã°ãªã·ã«ãªãã³ããžãããã«ã«ã³ã³ãã¢ã¹ãã«ã¿
ã ïŒïŒâã¢ã¹ãã«ãã«âïŒâããšãã«ã¢ã©ãã³ã¡
ãã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒãªã©ãããããããã®æ°Žæº¶æ§äººå·¥
çå³æãæ¯èŒçäœç²åºŠã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ïŒããšãã°
ç²åºŠã23ãã€ãºã®æ¶²ç¶ãªããè»åç¹ã80âã®åºäœ
ç©è³ªïŒãäžç·ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããäžæ¹ãéé¢
é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãŸãã¯éé¢ã·ã¯ã©ãã³é žã®ãããª
貧氎溶æ§äººå·¥çå³æã¯æ¯èŒçé«ç²åºŠïŒäŸãã°80ã
120âã®è»åç¹ïŒã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšäžç·ã«äœ¿çšã
ãããšãã§ãããäºå®ãéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ã¯ãš
ã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã§ã¯å®è³ªçã«å¯æº¶åãã溶液ã圢æ
ããŠããã äžèšäººå·¥çå³æã®éé¢é žåååç©ã®ãã¹ãŠã¯æ°Ž
ã«äžæº¶æ§ã§ããããšãç¥ãããŠãããã¬ã ããŒã¹
çµæç©ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ãããŸããããã®åå
ç©ã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®æè¡åéã«ãããŠãç¥ãããŠ
ãããã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ååšãããããããã®åå
ç©ã®ç¯å²ã¯éåžžãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®çŽïŒã50ïŒ ããã®
奜ãŸããç¯å²ã¯çŽ15ã40ïŒ ã§ããã ãããæ¬çºæè ãã¯éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ããšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã ã«å¯æº¶æ§ããŸãã¯éšåçã«å¯æº¶æ§ã§ãã
ããšãããã³éŠå³æãŸãã¯ãããé žãããã«é žã
ãããé žãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žãé ç³é žãã¢ãžãã³
é žããã¯ãé žçã®ãããªé£åçšé žããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã
å¯æº¶æ§ããããã¯äžéšå¯æº¶æ§ã§ããã®ã«åããŠã
ãããã®é žã®æ°Žæº¶æ§å¡©ã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã«å¯Ÿãã溶
解æ§ãäœãããšãèŠåºãããæŽã«ãµãã«ãªã³ã®ã
ããªãŠã å¡©ãããã¯ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ã¯éé¢é žåãµã
ã«ãªã³ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã«å¯Ÿãã溶解æ§ãèã
ãäœãããšãèŠåºãããããããããã¯æº¶èãã
ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã§å®¹æã«åæ£ããã 人工çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æã¯éåžž
ã®æ··åã溶解ãããã¯å å ã®æ¹æ³ã䜿çšããããš
ã«ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšæ··åãé åãå«æã溶解
ãããã¯åæ£ãããããããããã¯ãã®ä»ã®æ¹æ³
ã§æ··åããããšãã§ãããããšãã°éé¢é žåãµã
ã«ãªã³ã䜿çšããå Žåã«ã¯ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãæ··å
æ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°çŒ¶ã§æº¶èããéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãæ·»
å ãããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšå åã«æ··åããŠ0.5ã50ïŒ
ã®éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãå«ã溶液ã«ããããã®æ··
åç©ã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽããä»ã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹
æåã«é åããŠã¬ã ããŒã¹ã補é ããã 人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçšé žãããã¯ä»
ã®éŠå³æããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã«äžéšã®ã¿æº¶ãããã»ã
ã®å ããã溶ããªãå Žåã«ã¯ããã®ãããªç©è³ªã
ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«åæ£ããããããšã«ããã該ç©
質ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«å å ãããã次ãã§ãã®æ··
åç©ãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã«ããåæ£ãããŠã¬ã ããŒã¹æ¯
äœã圢æããããã°ããã æ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã«å€©ç¶çå³æã䜿çš
ããŠããããããšãã°ç³é¡ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ä»ã®é
芪åæ§æ°Žæº¶æ§ãããã¯è²§æ°Žæº¶æ§äººå·¥çå³æïŒããš
ãã°éé¢ãµãã«ãªã³ããµãã«ãªã³å¡©ãã·ã¯ã©ãã³
é žå¡©ãã°ãªã·ã«ãªãã³ããžãããã«ã«ã³ã³ãªã©ïŒ
ãå«æããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã«ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãš
çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æããæãæ¬çº
æã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã çµæç©ãæ··åããŠäœ¿çšããããš
ãã§ããã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã çµæç©ã®ééã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠçŽ10ã50ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®éã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ15ã30
ïŒ ã®éååšããããã äžè¬ã«ãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯å€©ç¶ãŽã ãåææš¹èãã¯
ãã¯ã¹ãå¯å¡å€çã®ãããªçš®ã ã®æåããã®æè¡
åéã«ãããåšç¥ã®æ段ã§å ç±ããæ··åããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ããããšãã§ãããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã
ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããè«žæåã®å žåçãªäŸãšã
ãŠã¹ãã¬ã³âãã¿ãžãšã³å ±éåäœãã€ãœããã¬ã³
âã€ãœãã¬ã³å ±éåäœãããªã€ãœããã¬ã³ãããª
ãšãã¬ã³ãç³æ²¹ã¯ãã¯ã¹ãããªé ¢é žããã«ã®ãã
ãªããããšãã§ããåæèµ·æºã®ç©è³ªãåæ§ã«ãŽã
ã©ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©ããã¯ã«ãã¯ã©ãŠã³ã¬ã ããã¹
ãããããžãã€ã³ãããžãšã«ãã³ããã³ãã¬ãã
ãªãããã¬âã°ãã¿ãããçã®ãããªããããšã
ã§ãã倩ç¶èµ·æºã®ç©è³ªãæãããããããããšã
ã§ãããšã©ã¹ãããŒãã¬ã ããŒã¹çµæç©ã®ééã«
察ããŠçŽïŒã15ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒã12ïŒ
ãŸã§ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽïŒã11ïŒ ã®éã§äœ¿çšããŠãã
ãã æŽã«ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãšããŠãšã©ã¹ãããŒã䜿çšãã
ãšãããã®ãšã©ã¹ãããŒã®ç²çæ§ãæå°ã«ããã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯æº¶åªãå«æãããããŸãã¬ã ããŒ
ã¹äžã«å¥œãŸããã¯æ°ŽçŽ åãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãããªãã¡
æ°ŽçŽ åããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ããã³ïŒãŸ
ãã¯ïŒéåãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãå«æããããããšãã§
ãããããããã³ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬
ã ãéåãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãŸãã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®ãã
ãªä»ã®åªäœã䜿çšããŠãããã溶åªã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹
ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ10ã40ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
18ã30ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽ20ïŒ ã25ïŒ ã®éã§äœ¿
çšããããšãã§ããã ãŸããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯åŸæ¶²ãåžåããæ»ãããã
ãããšã©ã¹ãããŒããã³ãã®ãšã©ã¹ãããŒã®æº¶åª
ãšãã®äœçšãç°ã«ãã芪氎åã®è±ç²çå€ãå«ãã§
ããŠããããæ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«äœ¿çšãã
ã«é©ããè±ç²çå€ã®äŸãšããŠã¯ååéçŽ2.000ã
10.000ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ããªé ¢é žããã«ãããªã
ãã«ããã«ãšãŒãã«ãããã«ãšã¹ãã«ãšããã«ãš
ãŒãã«ã®å ±éåäœã®ãããªããã«éåäœãããã
ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ååšããããããšãã§ããããªé ¢
é žããã«ãŸãã¯ãã®ä»ã®ç©è³ªãçé žã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãŸ
ãã¯çå³æã«å¯ŸããŠæ··åå€ãšããŠã®æ©èœãæãã
ãªãããããã®ãããªæ··åçšç©è³ªã¯çé žã«ã«ã·ãŠ
ã ãŸãã¯çå³æãšåããŠäœ¿çšããªããã°ãªããªã
ããšã¯è©äŸ¡ãããã¹ãããšã§ããã ãŸãã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ãæ»æ²¢å€ãšããŠã®åœ¹ç®ãæ
ãããçŽ65â以äžã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ75â以äžã®èç¹
ãæã€ç¡¬è³ªã¯ãã¯ã¹ãå«æããããŠãããããã®
ãããªç¡¬è³ªã¯ãã¯ã¹ã®äŸãšããŠã¯ã«ã³ããªã©ã¯ã
ã¯ã¹ããã©ãã€ã³ã¯ãã¯ã¹ãã«ã«ããŠãã¯ãã¯
ã¹ããªãŸã±ã©ã€ãããªãªããŠãªã埮çµæ¶ã¯ãã¯ã¹
ããã³ãã®é¡äŒŒç©ãããã硬質ã¯ãã¯ã¹ã¯ã¬ã ã
ãŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽïŒã50ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸãã
ã¯çŽ17ã40ïŒ ãæé©ã«ã¯ééã§çŽ20ã30ïŒ ã®ç¯å²
ã®éã§äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã硬質ã¯ãã¯ã¹ã¯ã
ã«ã³ããªã©ã¯ãã¯ã¹çŽïŒãïŒïŒ ïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®é
éãåºç€ã«ããŠïŒãšãã©ãã€ã³ã¯ãã¯ã¹çŽ15ã30
ïŒ ïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééãåºç€ã«ããŠïŒãšã䜿çšã
ããããªã«ã³ããªã©ã¯ãã¯ã¹ãšãã©ãã€ã³ã¯ãã¯
ã¹ãšã䜵çšãããã®ã奜ãŸããããã®ã¯ãã¯ã¹ã¯
ãã®åéæ§ãäžããããšãªãå®æããã¬ã çµæç©
ã®ç²çæ§ãé¡èã«äžããããšãèŠåºãããŠããã 芪氎åè±ç²çå€ã¯ãããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠçŽ20ã40ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ25ã35ïŒ ã
æé©ã«ã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ28ã32ïŒ ã®
éã§äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã ãŸããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ããã«æè»å€ãšæ»æ²¢å€ã®æ··
åç©ãå«æããããããšãã§ããããã®æ··åç©ã¯
é«èç¹ãããªãã¡çŽ22â以äžã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ50â
以äžã®èç¹ãæã€ïŒçš®ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®æ€ç©æ§ã
ããã¯åç©æ§ã®æ°ŽçŽ åèèªãå«ãã§ãããããã®
ãããªæè»å€ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯æ»æ²¢å€ã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹
ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽïŒã15ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
ïŒã12ïŒ ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽïŒã10ïŒ ã®éã§äœ¿çšããã°
ããã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãŸãåŸæ¶²ãåžåãããããã«ãã€
ãŠã¬ã ããŒã¹ãæ»ãããããªãããã«ãã¬ã ããŒ
ã¹ã«èŠªæ°Žæ§ãä»äžããããã®ä¹³åå€ãå«æããã
ãããšãã§ãããä¹³åå€ã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠçŽïŒã12ïŒ ãŸã§ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒã12
ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽïŒãïŒïŒ ã®éã§äœ¿çšããã°
ããããã®ãããªä¹³åå€ã®äŸãšããŠã¯ã°ãªã»ãªã«
ã¢ãã¹ãã¢ã¬ãŒãããªã³è質ïŒããšãã°ã¬ã·ã
ã³ãã±ãã¢ãªã³ïŒããŠã€ãŒã³ïŒTweenïŒé¡ãã¹
ãã³ïŒSpanïŒé¡ããã³ãããã®æ··åç©ãããã æŽã«äºé žåãã¿ã³ã®ãããªçè²æãã©ããªã³ã
ã¹ãã¢ãªã³é žãã¹ãã¢ãªã³é žãããªãŠã ãã¹ãã¢
ãªã³é žã«ãªãŠã ããã³ãã®é¡äŒŒç©ã®ãããªå¯å¡
å€ãããã«åããããã·ã¢ããœãŒã«ãããã«åã
ãããã·ãã«ãšã³ããã³æ²¡é£åé žãããã«ã®ãã
ãªé žåé²æ¢å€ïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ1000ppm
ãè¶ããªãéïŒãå«æããããŠãããã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãŸãå¢éå€ããã³çµç¹åœ¢æå€ãšã
ãŠãŽç²ïŒCaCO3ïŒã®ç²åãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠçŽïŒã50ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ 匱ãªã
ãçŽ25ïŒ å«æããããŠãããã æ°Žäžæº¶æ§ã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3052552å·
ãšç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬2197719å·ã®å®æœäŸã«é瀺ãããŠã
ãçš®ã ã®ããŒã¹ã®ãããã䜿çšããŠããããã¬ã
ããŒã¹çµæç©ã«å«æãããå žåçæåã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšã
ãã§ããïŒéšãšããã®ã¯éééšãè¡šããã以äžå
æ§ãïŒã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 88éšïŒãŽã ã©ããã¯
ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšïŒã¬ã·ãã³ïŒéšã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãã¯ã«30éšïŒãžãšã«ãã³60éšïŒã°
ãã¿ãŸã«8.5éšïŒã¬ã·ãã³ïŒéšã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒéšåé žåãã¯ã«98éšïŒã¬ã·ãã³ïŒ
éšã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãžãšã«ãã³ïŒä¹Ÿç¥ïŒ80éšïŒã°ãã¿
ã·ã¢ã¯18éšïŒã¬ã·ãã³ïŒéšã ãŸãæ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯é žå³ãŸãã¯æç©
颚å³ãæããéŠå³å€ãããã¯é žå³ã®ãªã颚å³ãªã
ãããã«é¢šå³ãæããéŠå³å€ãæçµããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬
ã 補åã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ0.3ã2.0ïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯
çŽ0.5ã1.2ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®éã§å«æããããŠãããã
ãã®éŠå³æã¯æ€ç©äœããã®èãè±ãæå®çããæœ
åºããæ€ç©æ²¹ãå å«ããããšãã§ããã代衚çãª
ãã®çš®ã®è³éŠæ²¹ã«ã¯ã¬ã¢ã³æ²¹ããªã¬ã³ãžæ²¹ãã©ã€
ã æ²¹ãã°ã¬ãŒããã«ãŒãæ²¹ã®ãããªææ©é¡ã®æ²¹ã
ããããšãã»ã³ã¹ã西æŽãªããšãã»ã³ã¹ãæ¡ãšã
ã»ã³ã¹ãèºãšãã»ã³ã¹ãããããšãã»ã³ã¹ãæšèº
ãšãã»ã³ã¹ããããããŒãšãã»ã³ã¹ããã©ã ãšã
ã»ã³ã¹ããã€ãããã«ãšãã»ã³ã¹ã®ãããªæç©ãš
ãã»ã³ã¹ããã³äžèšã®ç²Ÿæ²¹ïŒããã«æ²¹ãã¹ãã¢ã
ã³ãæ²¹ãããã«æ²¹ãšã¹ãã¢ãã³ãæ²¹ãšã®æ··åç©ã
ã¡ãããæ²¹ããã€æ²¹ãã¢ãã¹æ²¹ãããŠãŒã«ãªæ²¹ã
ã¿ã€ã æ²¹ãã·ããŒïŒèïŒæ²¹ãã·ãã¢ã³æ²¹ãã«ãã
ãæ²¹ãã»ãŒãžæ²¹ãããã¿ãŒã¢ãŒã¢ã³ãæ²¹ãæ¡ç®
æ²¹ããµãªãã«é žã¡ãã«ïŒå¬ç·æ²¹ïŒãå å«ãããæ··
åãããæå®éŠæã®ãããªçš®ã ã®åæéŠå³æãæ¬
çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«ä¿åå€ãšãšãã«ãããã¯
ä¿åå€ãå ¥ããªãã§æ··åããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠå®¹æã«
æœåºãããããŸãã¯æ°Žã«å¯æº¶æ§ã®çå³æãå«æã
ãããã®ã奜ãŸããã容æã«æœåºããåŸãçå³æ
ã¯ããŠã€ã³ã¬ã ãããã ãšãæåã«çå³ãæç¥ã
ããããã«äœ¿çšããçå³æã§ãã€ãŠãå®æåã®é
éã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ90ã0.05ïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ85ã70ïŒ
ã®ç¯å²ã®éã§ååšãããããšãã§ããããã®ãã
ãªæ°Žæº¶æ§çå³æã¯ïŒçš®ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ç³é¡ãç³
ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãŸãã¯ç³é¡å«æç©è³ªãããšãã°åç³
é¡ãïŒç³é¡ããã³å€ç³é¡ãå å«ããããšãã§ã
ããç³é¡ã®è¥å¹²ã®äŸãæããã°æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ã
ãã  ïŒåãŸãã¯ïŒåã®ççŽ ååã®åç³é¡âã¢ã©ã
ããŒã¹ããã·ããŒã¹ããªããŒã¹ãã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã
ãã³ããŒã¹ãã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹ããã«ã¯ããŒã¹ãã
ãã¹ãããŒã¹ããœã«ããŒã¹ãŸãã¯ãããã®åç³
é¡ã®ïŒçš®ãããã¯ãã以äžã®æ··åç©ã  ïŒç³é¡âçèç³ãçèç³ãä¹³ç³ã麊èœç³ãŸã
ã¯ã»ãããªãŒã¹ã®ãããªã·ãŠã¯ããŒã¹ã  å€ç³é¡âéšåå æ°Žå解殿ç²ãããã¹ããªã³ãŸ
ãã¯ã³ãŒã³ã·ãããã®åºåœ¢ç©ã ç³ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšããŠãœã«ãããŒã«ããã·ãªããŒ
ã«ããã«ãããŒã«ãŸãã¯ãã³ãããŒã«ãäŸç€ºãã
ãã 奜ãŸããå®æœæ æ§ã«ãããŠããœã«ãããŒã«ãšè
ç³ãçµåãããããã氎溶æ§çå³æãšããŠå«æã
ãããããšãã§ããããã®å Žåããœã«ãããŒã«ã
ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã çµæç©ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽïŒã20ïŒ
ã®ç¯å²å ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒã15ïŒ ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽïŒ
ã12ïŒ ã®éã§ååšããããããšãã§ããã æŽã«ãæ¬çºæã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã®äººå·¥çå³æ
ã«ã氎溶æ§ã®äººå·¥ãŸãã¯å€©ç¶çå³æãé åããŠå
åšããããŠããããæ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãšã
ã®è£œæ³ã®å¥œãŸããåå®æœæ æ§ã«ãããŠã³ãŒã³ã·ã
ãããå¯å¡å€ãšããŠäœ¿çšããããšãã§ããããã
ããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžãã³ãŒã³ã·ãããã®ååšãŸ
ãã¯äžååšäžã«ããœã«ãããŒã«ã·ããããæ¹è³ªæ®¿
ç²ããã³ãã®é¡äŒŒç©ã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠå å
ãªçµæãåŸãããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®æç¶æ§é¢šå³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®
補é æ³ã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ããã³ãã®äžã«åæ£ããã
ã人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçšé žãå«æãã
溶èã¬ã ããŒã¹ãšå¯å¡å€ïŒããšãã°ã³ãŒã³ã·ãã
ããæ¹è³ªæ®¿ç²ã·ãããããœã«ãããŒã«ã·ãããã®
ãããªã·ãããå€ïŒããã³ä¹³åå€ïŒããšãã°ã¬ã·
ãã³ïŒããçŽ82ã100âã§æ··åããŠã¬ã ããŒã¹â
ã·ãããæ··åç©ã補é ããå·¥çšãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠè©²
æ··åç©ã«éŠæ²¹ãèç³ããœã«ãããŒã«ããã³ä»ã®éŠ
å³æãæ·»å ããŠæ¹æããå·¥çšããã³åŸãããæ··å
ç©ãåžžæ³ã«åŸã€ãŠæ£ç¶ãããã¯æ¿ç¶ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬
ã ã«æ圢ããå·¥çšãå å«ããã 次ã«åèäŸããã³å®æœäŸããããŠæ¬çºæã®å¥œãŸ
ããå®æœæ æ§ã説æããïŒåèäŸããã³å®æœäŸ
äžãéšãšããã¯éééšãè¡šãããïŒã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ïŒStaybelliteïŒïŒïŒããŒããŠã¬ã¹ç€Ÿè£œïŒ2000ïœ
ãã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠã
ã猶ã®äžã§æº¶èããã猶ã®æž©åºŠã80ã116âã«ä¿
æããã埮ç²ç²æ«ç¶ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©87ïœ
ãæ·»å ããå åã«æ··åããŠæº¶èããžã³äžã«åŸ®ç²å
ã埮现ã«åæ£ãããããµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©â
ããžã³æ··åç©ïŒããžã³äžã®ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã
å¡©4.35ïŒ ïŒã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽåºäžã§å·ã
ãã å·ãããç©è³ªãå®éšå®€çšç²ç æ©ã§ç²ç ããã50
ã100ã¡ãã·ãŠã®ç²åã®å€§ãããæã€ç²æ«ïŒïœã
æšæºã®æ¹ææ¡ä»¶äžã§èžçæ°Ž10mlãšæ¹æãããïŒå
åŸããã®æ¶²äœãéããæšæºã®çŽ«å€ç·åžåã¹ãã¯
ãã«åæã«ããããµãã«ãªã³ã®å«éãåæããã
åºåœ¢ç©ãå¥ã®èžçæ°Ž30mlã§æŽã«ïŒåéæœåºãã
éããŠæ¶²ãåæ§ã«çŽ«å€ç·åæããããã®æœåºæ
äœãïŒåç¹°è¿ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ããã®ãµãã«ãª
ã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ã®æœåºè©ŠéšçµæïŒæœåºçïŒ ïŒã次
è¡šã«ç€ºãã
ã¯çå³ããã³é žå³ãæç¶ãããåŸã颚å³ä¿ææ§ã
ãŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«é¢ããã æ¬çºæã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãŸ
ãã¯ãµãã«ãªã³å¡©ã®ãããªäººå·¥çå³å€ãå«ãã¬ã
ããŒã¹ããæãã該人工çå³å€ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äž
ã«æº¶è§£ãããã¯å å ãããããã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ç
å³ææ··åç©ãã¬ã ããŒã¹æ¯äœäžã«åæ£ããããã
ãšããæã颚å³ä¿ææ§ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãªãã³ã«ã
ã®è£œæ³ãæäŸãããã®ã§ããã æ¬çºæã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹ããã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«åæ£
ãããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸã
ã¯é£åçšé žãå«æãããã®ã§ãã€ãŠãã¬ã ããŒã¹
äžã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãé åããåã«ãã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬
ã äžã«äººå·¥çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçšé žãå å
ããããããããã¯ããããã®æ¹æ³ã§å«æããã
ãããšããæãæç¶æ§çå³ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é žå³ã
æãã颚å³ä¿ææ§ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ããã³ãã®è£œæ³
ãå å«ããã æ¬çºæã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãã¬ã ããŒã¹å šäœã«åæ£ã
ãããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ããã³è©²ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã®ãšã¹ã
ã«ã¬ã éšåã«æº¶è§£ãŸãã¯åæ£ããããéé¢é žåãµ
ãã«ãªã³ãŸãã¯å¯æº¶æ§ãµãã«ãªã³å¡©ã®ãããªäººå·¥
çå³æãå«ã颚å³ä¿ææ§ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãªãã³ã«
ãã®è£œé æ³ã«æåããããã®ã§ããã éåžžã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯äžè¬ã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã
ããªé ¢é žããã«ãã©ããã¯ã¹é žã倩ç¶ããã³ïŒãŸ
ãã¯åæã¬ã ãã¯ãã¯ã¹ãçµç¹åœ¢æå€ããã³å¢é
å€ãããªãã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒæ°Žæº¶æ§éŠå³æããã³æ°Žæº¶
æ§çå³æããšãã°èç³ãã¶ã©ãç³ã®ãããªçš®ã ã®
ç³é¡ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãã
ãã¯ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ãã·ã¯ã©ãã³é žå¡©ããžãããã«
ã«ã³ã³ãã°ãªã·ã«ãªãã³ãã°ãªã·ã«ã¬ãã³é žå¡©ã®
ãããªäººå·¥çå³æïŒã¬ã·ãã³ãã¢ãããã³ãžã°ãª
ã»ã©ã€ãã®ãããªä¹³åå€ïŒããã³éŠå³å€ãããªã
ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãå«æããããããã¬ã ã¯ãæåæãŸ
ãã匷ãçå³ãåããããæåã«ïŒãªããïŒåé
ããã§ããéã«çå³ãšé¢šå³ãããå ãã«åããçš
床ã«éããã«äœäžããããã®çµæãïŒåéçšåºŠã
ããšå£ã®äžã«æ®ã€ãŠãããã¹ãŠã®ãã®ã¯é¢šå³ãè³
éŠãŸãã¯çå³ãæç¥ãããªãæ¬è³ªçã«å³ã®ããªã
å¡ãã«ãªãããããäºå®ããæãããªããã«ãæ
ç¶æ§é¢šå³ãšçå³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®å¿ èŠæ§
ãšãããæ±ããæ¶è²»è ã®æèŠã以åããæç¥ãã
ãŠããã æ¬çºæè ãã¯ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«ããã颚å³ãšç
å³ã®æç¶æ§ãæ¹è¯ããããçš®ã ç 究ãéããçµ
æãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãæ§æãããšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã äžã«çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯éŠå³æãé å
ããããšã«ãããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®çå³ããã³é¢š
å³ïŒããšãã°é žå³ã®ãªã颚å³ïŒããã«ïŒãæå®éŠ
å³ãé žå³ãªã©ïŒãæç¶ãããåŸãããšãèŠåºãã
æ¬çºæãå®æããã«å°ã€ãããã®ããã«é åãã
ããšã«ããã人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é¢šå³ãå®
質çã«ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ä¿æãããããã§ããéã
ç·©ããã«èª¿ç¯ããã€ã€åŸæ¶²äžã«æŸåºãããã äžèšããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã§éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ã
ããã«é žãã¢ãžãã³é žããã³ãã¯ãé žã®ãããªæ¯
èŒç溶ãã«ãã人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçš
é žãã§ããã ããããã溶ãåºããªãã§ã¬ã ããŒ
ã¹äžã«æ®ã€ãŠããããšãéèŠã§ãããããããé
åžžã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹çµæç©ãããªãã¡å å¡«å€ãšããŠç
é žã«ã«ã·ãŠã ïŒããšãŒã¯ïŒããã³ïŒãŸãã¯çµç¹åœ¢
æå€ãå«ãã¬ã ããŒã¹ãçšããŠããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã
補é ããåŸããã補åã宀枩ã§æ°é±éæ£ã«è²¯èµã
ãŠãããšãããã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯çå³ä¿ææ§ã
倱ãåŸåããããæããã«è²¯èµäžã«éé¢é žåãµã
ã«ãªã³ããã³åèšé£åçšé žãã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã§çé ž
ã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãšåå¿ããŠãµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ã
ãã³å¯Ÿå¿ããé£åçšé žã®ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ã圢æãã
ãããã®å¡©ãéé¢é žèªäœããå®è³ªçã«éãããŠãŒ
ã€ã³ã¬ã ãã溶ãåºããŠæŸåºãããããããã€ãŠ
éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ããã³é£åçšé žãå¯æº¶æ§ã®å¡©
ã«å€åããããšãã§ããã ãé¿ããã®ã奜ãŸã
ãã æ¬æ现æžäžãæ··åãæ··åãããæ··åãããå
å ãå¯æº¶åããã溶解ãããªã©ã®çšèªã¯ããšã¹ã
ã«ã¬ã ã«äººå·¥çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æ
ã溶解ãåæ£ãé åãªããå«æãããããããã
ã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšäººå·¥çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£å
çšé žããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æãç©ççã«æ··åã
ãä»ã®ããããæ £çšæè¡ã«ãã€ãŠãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ç©
質äžã«çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯éŠå³æãé åãªã
ã䜿çšããããšãæå³ããã éåžžã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯æåã¯éåžžã«åŒ·ãçå³
ãåãããããã¿å§ããŠããïŒãïŒåéã§ããã
ãŠéããã«ã»ãã®å ãã®çå³ã®ã¬ãã«ãŸã§äœäž
ãããã¿åºããŠçŽ10ã12åéã§ããããŠäœãçå³
ã®ã¬ãã«ãŸã§å®åžžçã«äœäžããããããã¬ã ããŒ
ã¹äžã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã æåã«é åããçå³æãå«ã
æ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯ãæåã®ïŒåéã¯ãã®
çå³ãéåžžã®ã¬ã ã®çå³ã«çžåœãããããã®åŸã¯
ãã€ãšç·©ããã«äœäžãå§ãããã¿å§ããŠçŽïŒåé
åŸã«æãŸããæ¿åºŠã®çãã«èœçããããªããŠãŒã€
ã³ã¬ã ãäžããããã®çå³ã®æ¿åºŠã¯ãã¿å§ããŠ30
åéãŸãã¯ãã以äžæ¬è³ªçã«å®å®ããŠæ®ããæ¬çº
æã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«ããããã¿å§ããŠããæ°å
éã«èªãããçå³ã¯ãã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã«ååš
ããç³é¡ãããã¯ç³ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãŸãã¯å¯æº¶æ§ã®äºº
å·¥çå³æïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšçµåããŠããªãçå³
æïŒã®ã¿ã«ãããã®ã§ããããã®åŸããšã¹ãã«ã¬
ã ã«çµåãã人工çå³æãæŸåºããã颚å³ã¯å®å®
ããçå³ã¯30åéãŸãã¯ãã以äžã«éããé·æé
ããã§ãæç¶ããã äžèšã®ããšããæãããªããã«ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«
åŸã€ãŠãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã é åç©äžã«äººå·¥çå³æãæ··å
ããããšã«ãããçå³æã®æåã®çå³ã®åŒ·ããäœ
äžããããŠãã®åŸã®çå³ãæç¶ããããããšãã§
ãããç³é¡ããã³ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«ä¿æããããª
ã人工çå³æã®åæ¹ãå«æããéåžžã®ããŠãŒã€ã³
ã¬ã ãããã ãšãæåã«æç¥ããããããªåŒ·åãª
çå³ãæŸåºããããšãªããããã ããšåŸã ã«ãšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã ããçå³ãæŸåºãããŠãã®é¢šå³ãé·ãæ
ç¶ããã¬ã ã補é ããããšãæãŸããã®ã§ãã
ã°ã氎溶æ§ç³ãç³ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãŸãã¯äººå·¥çå³æå«
æããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã éšåã«äººå·¥ç
å³å€ãé åããŠäœ¿çšããã°ããã çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯éŠå³æãšèåãããšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã ã補é ããã«éããŠããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ç©è³ª
ã¯äººå·¥çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æã«å¯Ÿã
ãŠééæ¯ã§çŽ200ïŒïŒãªããçŽ0.5ïŒïŒã®ç¯å²ã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ50ïŒïŒãªããçŽïŒïŒïŒã®ç¯å²ããšã¹ã
ã«ã¬ã äžã®äººå·¥çå³æãŸãã¯é£åçšé žã®æ¿åºŠã奜
ãŸããã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ééã®çŽ0.5ãçŽ50ïŒ ã®ç¯
å²ã«ãªãããã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã åŸèšã®ãããªäººå·¥çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçš
é žã¯ãã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã§ã¬ã ããŒã¹ééã®çŽ0.02ã
15ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®éã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.25ãïŒïŒ ã®ç¯å²
ã®éã§ååšãããå®æããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã«çŽ
0.002ã4.5ïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.05ãïŒïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®
éã§ååšãããããšãã§ããã ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã æåã¯ãããžã³ãŸãã¯æ¹è³ªããžã³
ïŒããšãã°æ°ŽçŽ åãïŒéåãéåããžã³ïŒã®ã¡ã
ã«ãšã¹ãã«ãã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãããã¯ãã³
ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãŸãã¯ãããã®æ··åç©
ãå å«ãããæ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«äœ¿çšãã
ã®ã«é©ãããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®äŸãšããŠã¯éšåæ°ŽçŽ å
ãŠããããžã³ã®ãã³ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã
ãŠããããžã³ã®ãã³ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã
éšåïŒéåããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãéå
ããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãããŒã«æ²¹ããžã³
ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ããŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»
ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ããã³ããžã³ã®éšåæ°ŽçŽ åã¡ãã«
ãšã¹ãã«ãŸãã¯äžèšç©è³ªã®ãã¡ã®ã©ããïŒçš®ãŸã
ã¯ãã以äžã®æ··åç©ãæããããšãã§ããã 奜ãŸããå®æœæ æ§ã«ããã氎溶æ§äººå·¥çå³æã®
äŸãšããŠå¯æº¶æ§ãµãã«ãªã³å¡©ãã·ã¯ã©ãã³é žå¡©ã
ã°ãªã·ã«ãªãã³ããžãããã«ã«ã³ã³ãã¢ã¹ãã«ã¿
ã ïŒïŒâã¢ã¹ãã«ãã«âïŒâããšãã«ã¢ã©ãã³ã¡
ãã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒãªã©ãããããããã®æ°Žæº¶æ§äººå·¥
çå³æãæ¯èŒçäœç²åºŠã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ïŒããšãã°
ç²åºŠã23ãã€ãºã®æ¶²ç¶ãªããè»åç¹ã80âã®åºäœ
ç©è³ªïŒãäžç·ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããäžæ¹ãéé¢
é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãŸãã¯éé¢ã·ã¯ã©ãã³é žã®ãããª
貧氎溶æ§äººå·¥çå³æã¯æ¯èŒçé«ç²åºŠïŒäŸãã°80ã
120âã®è»åç¹ïŒã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšäžç·ã«äœ¿çšã
ãããšãã§ãããäºå®ãéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ã¯ãš
ã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã§ã¯å®è³ªçã«å¯æº¶åãã溶液ã圢æ
ããŠããã äžèšäººå·¥çå³æã®éé¢é žåååç©ã®ãã¹ãŠã¯æ°Ž
ã«äžæº¶æ§ã§ããããšãç¥ãããŠãããã¬ã ããŒã¹
çµæç©ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ãããŸããããã®åå
ç©ã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®æè¡åéã«ãããŠãç¥ãããŠ
ãããã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ååšãããããããã®åå
ç©ã®ç¯å²ã¯éåžžãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®çŽïŒã50ïŒ ããã®
奜ãŸããç¯å²ã¯çŽ15ã40ïŒ ã§ããã ãããæ¬çºæè ãã¯éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ããšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã ã«å¯æº¶æ§ããŸãã¯éšåçã«å¯æº¶æ§ã§ãã
ããšãããã³éŠå³æãŸãã¯ãããé žãããã«é žã
ãããé žãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žãé ç³é žãã¢ãžãã³
é žããã¯ãé žçã®ãããªé£åçšé žããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã
å¯æº¶æ§ããããã¯äžéšå¯æº¶æ§ã§ããã®ã«åããŠã
ãããã®é žã®æ°Žæº¶æ§å¡©ã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã«å¯Ÿãã溶
解æ§ãäœãããšãèŠåºãããæŽã«ãµãã«ãªã³ã®ã
ããªãŠã å¡©ãããã¯ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ã¯éé¢é žåãµã
ã«ãªã³ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã«å¯Ÿãã溶解æ§ãèã
ãäœãããšãèŠåºãããããããããã¯æº¶èãã
ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã§å®¹æã«åæ£ããã 人工çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æã¯éåžž
ã®æ··åã溶解ãããã¯å å ã®æ¹æ³ã䜿çšããããš
ã«ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšæ··åãé åãå«æã溶解
ãããã¯åæ£ãããããããããã¯ãã®ä»ã®æ¹æ³
ã§æ··åããããšãã§ãããããšãã°éé¢é žåãµã
ã«ãªã³ã䜿çšããå Žåã«ã¯ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãæ··å
æ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°çŒ¶ã§æº¶èããéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãæ·»
å ãããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãšå åã«æ··åããŠ0.5ã50ïŒ
ã®éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãå«ã溶液ã«ããããã®æ··
åç©ã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽããä»ã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹
æåã«é åããŠã¬ã ããŒã¹ã補é ããã 人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçšé žãããã¯ä»
ã®éŠå³æããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã«äžéšã®ã¿æº¶ãããã»ã
ã®å ããã溶ããªãå Žåã«ã¯ããã®ãããªç©è³ªã
ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«åæ£ããããããšã«ããã該ç©
質ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«å å ãããã次ãã§ãã®æ··
åç©ãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã«ããåæ£ãããŠã¬ã ããŒã¹æ¯
äœã圢æããããã°ããã æ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã«å€©ç¶çå³æã䜿çš
ããŠããããããšãã°ç³é¡ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ä»ã®é
芪åæ§æ°Žæº¶æ§ãããã¯è²§æ°Žæº¶æ§äººå·¥çå³æïŒããš
ãã°éé¢ãµãã«ãªã³ããµãã«ãªã³å¡©ãã·ã¯ã©ãã³
é žå¡©ãã°ãªã·ã«ãªãã³ããžãããã«ã«ã³ã³ãªã©ïŒ
ãå«æããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã«ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãš
çå³æãé£åçšé žãŸãã¯ä»ã®éŠå³æããæãæ¬çº
æã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã çµæç©ãæ··åããŠäœ¿çšããããš
ãã§ããã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã çµæç©ã®ééã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠçŽ10ã50ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®éã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ15ã30
ïŒ ã®éååšããããã äžè¬ã«ãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯å€©ç¶ãŽã ãåææš¹èãã¯
ãã¯ã¹ãå¯å¡å€çã®ãããªçš®ã ã®æåããã®æè¡
åéã«ãããåšç¥ã®æ段ã§å ç±ããæ··åããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ããããšãã§ãããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã
ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããè«žæåã®å žåçãªäŸãšã
ãŠã¹ãã¬ã³âãã¿ãžãšã³å ±éåäœãã€ãœããã¬ã³
âã€ãœãã¬ã³å ±éåäœãããªã€ãœããã¬ã³ãããª
ãšãã¬ã³ãç³æ²¹ã¯ãã¯ã¹ãããªé ¢é žããã«ã®ãã
ãªããããšãã§ããåæèµ·æºã®ç©è³ªãåæ§ã«ãŽã
ã©ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©ããã¯ã«ãã¯ã©ãŠã³ã¬ã ããã¹
ãããããžãã€ã³ãããžãšã«ãã³ããã³ãã¬ãã
ãªãããã¬âã°ãã¿ãããçã®ãããªããããšã
ã§ãã倩ç¶èµ·æºã®ç©è³ªãæãããããããããšã
ã§ãããšã©ã¹ãããŒãã¬ã ããŒã¹çµæç©ã®ééã«
察ããŠçŽïŒã15ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒã12ïŒ
ãŸã§ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽïŒã11ïŒ ã®éã§äœ¿çšããŠãã
ãã æŽã«ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãšããŠãšã©ã¹ãããŒã䜿çšãã
ãšãããã®ãšã©ã¹ãããŒã®ç²çæ§ãæå°ã«ããã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯æº¶åªãå«æãããããŸãã¬ã ããŒ
ã¹äžã«å¥œãŸããã¯æ°ŽçŽ åãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãããªãã¡
æ°ŽçŽ åããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ããã³ïŒãŸ
ãã¯ïŒéåãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãå«æããããããšãã§
ãããããããã³ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬
ã ãéåãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãŸãã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®ãã
ãªä»ã®åªäœã䜿çšããŠãããã溶åªã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹
ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ10ã40ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
18ã30ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽ20ïŒ ã25ïŒ ã®éã§äœ¿
çšããããšãã§ããã ãŸããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯åŸæ¶²ãåžåããæ»ãããã
ãããšã©ã¹ãããŒããã³ãã®ãšã©ã¹ãããŒã®æº¶åª
ãšãã®äœçšãç°ã«ãã芪氎åã®è±ç²çå€ãå«ãã§
ããŠããããæ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«äœ¿çšãã
ã«é©ããè±ç²çå€ã®äŸãšããŠã¯ååéçŽ2.000ã
10.000ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ããªé ¢é žããã«ãããªã
ãã«ããã«ãšãŒãã«ãããã«ãšã¹ãã«ãšããã«ãš
ãŒãã«ã®å ±éåäœã®ãããªããã«éåäœãããã
ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ååšããããããšãã§ããããªé ¢
é žããã«ãŸãã¯ãã®ä»ã®ç©è³ªãçé žã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãŸ
ãã¯çå³æã«å¯ŸããŠæ··åå€ãšããŠã®æ©èœãæãã
ãªãããããã®ãããªæ··åçšç©è³ªã¯çé žã«ã«ã·ãŠ
ã ãŸãã¯çå³æãšåããŠäœ¿çšããªããã°ãªããªã
ããšã¯è©äŸ¡ãããã¹ãããšã§ããã ãŸãã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ãæ»æ²¢å€ãšããŠã®åœ¹ç®ãæ
ãããçŽ65â以äžã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ75â以äžã®èç¹
ãæã€ç¡¬è³ªã¯ãã¯ã¹ãå«æããããŠãããããã®
ãããªç¡¬è³ªã¯ãã¯ã¹ã®äŸãšããŠã¯ã«ã³ããªã©ã¯ã
ã¯ã¹ããã©ãã€ã³ã¯ãã¯ã¹ãã«ã«ããŠãã¯ãã¯
ã¹ããªãŸã±ã©ã€ãããªãªããŠãªã埮çµæ¶ã¯ãã¯ã¹
ããã³ãã®é¡äŒŒç©ãããã硬質ã¯ãã¯ã¹ã¯ã¬ã ã
ãŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽïŒã50ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸãã
ã¯çŽ17ã40ïŒ ãæé©ã«ã¯ééã§çŽ20ã30ïŒ ã®ç¯å²
ã®éã§äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã硬質ã¯ãã¯ã¹ã¯ã
ã«ã³ããªã©ã¯ãã¯ã¹çŽïŒãïŒïŒ ïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®é
éãåºç€ã«ããŠïŒãšãã©ãã€ã³ã¯ãã¯ã¹çŽ15ã30
ïŒ ïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééãåºç€ã«ããŠïŒãšã䜿çšã
ããããªã«ã³ããªã©ã¯ãã¯ã¹ãšãã©ãã€ã³ã¯ãã¯
ã¹ãšã䜵çšãããã®ã奜ãŸããããã®ã¯ãã¯ã¹ã¯
ãã®åéæ§ãäžããããšãªãå®æããã¬ã çµæç©
ã®ç²çæ§ãé¡èã«äžããããšãèŠåºãããŠããã 芪氎åè±ç²çå€ã¯ãããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠçŽ20ã40ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ25ã35ïŒ ã
æé©ã«ã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ28ã32ïŒ ã®
éã§äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã ãŸããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ããã«æè»å€ãšæ»æ²¢å€ã®æ··
åç©ãå«æããããããšãã§ããããã®æ··åç©ã¯
é«èç¹ãããªãã¡çŽ22â以äžã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ50â
以äžã®èç¹ãæã€ïŒçš®ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®æ€ç©æ§ã
ããã¯åç©æ§ã®æ°ŽçŽ åèèªãå«ãã§ãããããã®
ãããªæè»å€ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯æ»æ²¢å€ã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹
ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽïŒã15ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
ïŒã12ïŒ ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽïŒã10ïŒ ã®éã§äœ¿çšããã°
ããã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãŸãåŸæ¶²ãåžåãããããã«ãã€
ãŠã¬ã ããŒã¹ãæ»ãããããªãããã«ãã¬ã ããŒ
ã¹ã«èŠªæ°Žæ§ãä»äžããããã®ä¹³åå€ãå«æããã
ãããšãã§ãããä¹³åå€ã¯ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠçŽïŒã12ïŒ ãŸã§ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒã12
ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽïŒãïŒïŒ ã®éã§äœ¿çšããã°
ããããã®ãããªä¹³åå€ã®äŸãšããŠã¯ã°ãªã»ãªã«
ã¢ãã¹ãã¢ã¬ãŒãããªã³è質ïŒããšãã°ã¬ã·ã
ã³ãã±ãã¢ãªã³ïŒããŠã€ãŒã³ïŒTweenïŒé¡ãã¹
ãã³ïŒSpanïŒé¡ããã³ãããã®æ··åç©ãããã æŽã«äºé žåãã¿ã³ã®ãããªçè²æãã©ããªã³ã
ã¹ãã¢ãªã³é žãã¹ãã¢ãªã³é žãããªãŠã ãã¹ãã¢
ãªã³é žã«ãªãŠã ããã³ãã®é¡äŒŒç©ã®ãããªå¯å¡
å€ãããã«åããããã·ã¢ããœãŒã«ãããã«åã
ãããã·ãã«ãšã³ããã³æ²¡é£åé žãããã«ã®ãã
ãªé žåé²æ¢å€ïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ1000ppm
ãè¶ããªãéïŒãå«æããããŠãããã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãŸãå¢éå€ããã³çµç¹åœ¢æå€ãšã
ãŠãŽç²ïŒCaCO3ïŒã®ç²åãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®ééã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠçŽïŒã50ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ 匱ãªã
ãçŽ25ïŒ å«æããããŠãããã æ°Žäžæº¶æ§ã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3052552å·
ãšç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬2197719å·ã®å®æœäŸã«é瀺ãããŠã
ãçš®ã ã®ããŒã¹ã®ãããã䜿çšããŠããããã¬ã
ããŒã¹çµæç©ã«å«æãããå žåçæåã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšã
ãã§ããïŒéšãšããã®ã¯éééšãè¡šããã以äžå
æ§ãïŒã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 88éšïŒãŽã ã©ããã¯
ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšïŒã¬ã·ãã³ïŒéšã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãã¯ã«30éšïŒãžãšã«ãã³60éšïŒã°
ãã¿ãŸã«8.5éšïŒã¬ã·ãã³ïŒéšã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒéšåé žåãã¯ã«98éšïŒã¬ã·ãã³ïŒ
éšã ã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãžãšã«ãã³ïŒä¹Ÿç¥ïŒ80éšïŒã°ãã¿
ã·ã¢ã¯18éšïŒã¬ã·ãã³ïŒéšã ãŸãæ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯é žå³ãŸãã¯æç©
颚å³ãæããéŠå³å€ãããã¯é žå³ã®ãªã颚å³ãªã
ãããã«é¢šå³ãæããéŠå³å€ãæçµããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬
ã 補åã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ0.3ã2.0ïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯
çŽ0.5ã1.2ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®éã§å«æããããŠãããã
ãã®éŠå³æã¯æ€ç©äœããã®èãè±ãæå®çããæœ
åºããæ€ç©æ²¹ãå å«ããããšãã§ããã代衚çãª
ãã®çš®ã®è³éŠæ²¹ã«ã¯ã¬ã¢ã³æ²¹ããªã¬ã³ãžæ²¹ãã©ã€
ã æ²¹ãã°ã¬ãŒããã«ãŒãæ²¹ã®ãããªææ©é¡ã®æ²¹ã
ããããšãã»ã³ã¹ã西æŽãªããšãã»ã³ã¹ãæ¡ãšã
ã»ã³ã¹ãèºãšãã»ã³ã¹ãããããšãã»ã³ã¹ãæšèº
ãšãã»ã³ã¹ããããããŒãšãã»ã³ã¹ããã©ã ãšã
ã»ã³ã¹ããã€ãããã«ãšãã»ã³ã¹ã®ãããªæç©ãš
ãã»ã³ã¹ããã³äžèšã®ç²Ÿæ²¹ïŒããã«æ²¹ãã¹ãã¢ã
ã³ãæ²¹ãããã«æ²¹ãšã¹ãã¢ãã³ãæ²¹ãšã®æ··åç©ã
ã¡ãããæ²¹ããã€æ²¹ãã¢ãã¹æ²¹ãããŠãŒã«ãªæ²¹ã
ã¿ã€ã æ²¹ãã·ããŒïŒèïŒæ²¹ãã·ãã¢ã³æ²¹ãã«ãã
ãæ²¹ãã»ãŒãžæ²¹ãããã¿ãŒã¢ãŒã¢ã³ãæ²¹ãæ¡ç®
æ²¹ããµãªãã«é žã¡ãã«ïŒå¬ç·æ²¹ïŒãå å«ãããæ··
åãããæå®éŠæã®ãããªçš®ã ã®åæéŠå³æãæ¬
çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã«ä¿åå€ãšãšãã«ãããã¯
ä¿åå€ãå ¥ããªãã§æ··åããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã¯å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠå®¹æã«
æœåºãããããŸãã¯æ°Žã«å¯æº¶æ§ã®çå³æãå«æã
ãããã®ã奜ãŸããã容æã«æœåºããåŸãçå³æ
ã¯ããŠã€ã³ã¬ã ãããã ãšãæåã«çå³ãæç¥ã
ããããã«äœ¿çšããçå³æã§ãã€ãŠãå®æåã®é
éã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ90ã0.05ïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ85ã70ïŒ
ã®ç¯å²ã®éã§ååšãããããšãã§ããããã®ãã
ãªæ°Žæº¶æ§çå³æã¯ïŒçš®ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ç³é¡ãç³
ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãŸãã¯ç³é¡å«æç©è³ªãããšãã°åç³
é¡ãïŒç³é¡ããã³å€ç³é¡ãå å«ããããšãã§ã
ããç³é¡ã®è¥å¹²ã®äŸãæããã°æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ã
ãã  ïŒåãŸãã¯ïŒåã®ççŽ ååã®åç³é¡âã¢ã©ã
ããŒã¹ããã·ããŒã¹ããªããŒã¹ãã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã
ãã³ããŒã¹ãã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹ããã«ã¯ããŒã¹ãã
ãã¹ãããŒã¹ããœã«ããŒã¹ãŸãã¯ãããã®åç³
é¡ã®ïŒçš®ãããã¯ãã以äžã®æ··åç©ã  ïŒç³é¡âçèç³ãçèç³ãä¹³ç³ã麊èœç³ãŸã
ã¯ã»ãããªãŒã¹ã®ãããªã·ãŠã¯ããŒã¹ã  å€ç³é¡âéšåå æ°Žå解殿ç²ãããã¹ããªã³ãŸ
ãã¯ã³ãŒã³ã·ãããã®åºåœ¢ç©ã ç³ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšããŠãœã«ãããŒã«ããã·ãªããŒ
ã«ããã«ãããŒã«ãŸãã¯ãã³ãããŒã«ãäŸç€ºãã
ãã 奜ãŸããå®æœæ æ§ã«ãããŠããœã«ãããŒã«ãšè
ç³ãçµåãããããã氎溶æ§çå³æãšããŠå«æã
ãããããšãã§ããããã®å Žåããœã«ãããŒã«ã
ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã çµæç©ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽïŒã20ïŒ
ã®ç¯å²å ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒã15ïŒ ãæé©ã«ã¯çŽïŒ
ã12ïŒ ã®éã§ååšããããããšãã§ããã æŽã«ãæ¬çºæã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã®äººå·¥çå³æ
ã«ã氎溶æ§ã®äººå·¥ãŸãã¯å€©ç¶çå³æãé åããŠå
åšããããŠããããæ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãšã
ã®è£œæ³ã®å¥œãŸããåå®æœæ æ§ã«ãããŠã³ãŒã³ã·ã
ãããå¯å¡å€ãšããŠäœ¿çšããããšãã§ããããã
ããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžãã³ãŒã³ã·ãããã®ååšãŸ
ãã¯äžååšäžã«ããœã«ãããŒã«ã·ããããæ¹è³ªæ®¿
ç²ããã³ãã®é¡äŒŒç©ã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠå å
ãªçµæãåŸãããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®æç¶æ§é¢šå³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®
補é æ³ã¯ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ããã³ãã®äžã«åæ£ããã
ã人工çå³æããã³ïŒãŸãã¯é£åçšé žãå«æãã
溶èã¬ã ããŒã¹ãšå¯å¡å€ïŒããšãã°ã³ãŒã³ã·ãã
ããæ¹è³ªæ®¿ç²ã·ãããããœã«ãããŒã«ã·ãããã®
ãããªã·ãããå€ïŒããã³ä¹³åå€ïŒããšãã°ã¬ã·
ãã³ïŒããçŽ82ã100âã§æ··åããŠã¬ã ããŒã¹â
ã·ãããæ··åç©ã補é ããå·¥çšãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠè©²
æ··åç©ã«éŠæ²¹ãèç³ããœã«ãããŒã«ããã³ä»ã®éŠ
å³æãæ·»å ããŠæ¹æããå·¥çšããã³åŸãããæ··å
ç©ãåžžæ³ã«åŸã€ãŠæ£ç¶ãããã¯æ¿ç¶ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬
ã ã«æ圢ããå·¥çšãå å«ããã 次ã«åèäŸããã³å®æœäŸããããŠæ¬çºæã®å¥œãŸ
ããå®æœæ æ§ã説æããïŒåèäŸããã³å®æœäŸ
äžãéšãšããã¯éééšãè¡šãããïŒã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ïŒStaybelliteïŒïŒïŒããŒããŠã¬ã¹ç€Ÿè£œïŒ2000ïœ
ãã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠã
ã猶ã®äžã§æº¶èããã猶ã®æž©åºŠã80ã116âã«ä¿
æããã埮ç²ç²æ«ç¶ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©87ïœ
ãæ·»å ããå åã«æ··åããŠæº¶èããžã³äžã«åŸ®ç²å
ã埮现ã«åæ£ãããããµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©â
ããžã³æ··åç©ïŒããžã³äžã®ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã
å¡©4.35ïŒ ïŒã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽåºäžã§å·ã
ãã å·ãããç©è³ªãå®éšå®€çšç²ç æ©ã§ç²ç ããã50
ã100ã¡ãã·ãŠã®ç²åã®å€§ãããæã€ç²æ«ïŒïœã
æšæºã®æ¹ææ¡ä»¶äžã§èžçæ°Ž10mlãšæ¹æãããïŒå
åŸããã®æ¶²äœãéããæšæºã®çŽ«å€ç·åžåã¹ãã¯
ãã«åæã«ããããµãã«ãªã³ã®å«éãåæããã
åºåœ¢ç©ãå¥ã®èžçæ°Ž30mlã§æŽã«ïŒåéæœåºãã
éããŠæ¶²ãåæ§ã«çŽ«å€ç·åæããããã®æœåºæ
äœãïŒåç¹°è¿ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ããã®ãµãã«ãª
ã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ã®æœåºè©ŠéšçµæïŒæœåºçïŒ ïŒã次
è¡šã«ç€ºãã
ãè¡šã
ãããã®ããŒã¿ããæãããªããã«éšåæ°ŽçŽ å
ãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã氎溶æ§ãµ
ãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãä¿è·ããçŽ20åéæ¹ææœ
åºããã®ã¡ããµãã«ãªã³çŽ43ïŒ ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äž
ã«æ®çããŠããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®ä»£ããã«éšåïŒéåãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ã
ãŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒArochem345ïŒã¢ãŒãã€ãŒã»ãã
ãšã«ã¹ã»ãããã©ã³ã瀟補ïŒïŒãçšããåèäŸïŒ
ã«èª¬æãããšåæ§ã®æ¹æ³ã§ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã
å¡©ãšãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®æ··åç©ã補é ããã ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©âãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã æ··åç©
ïŒïœãåèäŸïŒã§èª¬æããæ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠæœåºåŠç
ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ããã®ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã
å¡©ã®æœåºçµæïŒïŒ ïŒã次衚ã«ç€ºãã
ãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã氎溶æ§ãµ
ãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãä¿è·ããçŽ20åéæ¹ææœ
åºããã®ã¡ããµãã«ãªã³çŽ43ïŒ ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äž
ã«æ®çããŠããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®ä»£ããã«éšåïŒéåãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ã
ãŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒArochem345ïŒã¢ãŒãã€ãŒã»ãã
ãšã«ã¹ã»ãããã©ã³ã瀟補ïŒïŒãçšããåèäŸïŒ
ã«èª¬æãããšåæ§ã®æ¹æ³ã§ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã
å¡©ãšãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®æ··åç©ã補é ããã ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©âãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã æ··åç©
ïŒïœãåèäŸïŒã§èª¬æããæ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠæœåºåŠç
ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ããã®ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã
å¡©ã®æœåºçµæïŒïŒ ïŒã次衚ã«ç€ºãã
ãè¡šã
ãããã®ããŒã¿ããæãããªããã«ãéšåïŒé
åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã氎溶æ§
ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãä¿è·ããã åèäŸ ïŒ éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãšéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³
ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã®æ··åç©ãåèäŸïŒã«èª¬æ
ããæäœã«ãã補é ããã éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³4.35ïŒ ãå«æããéšåæ°ŽçŽ
åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«è©Šæãå
èäŸïŒã§èª¬æããæäœã«ãããæ°Žã§æœåºããããš
ã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ã®æœåºçµæ
ïŒïŒ ïŒã次衚ã«ç€ºãã
åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã氎溶æ§
ãµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãä¿è·ããã åèäŸ ïŒ éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãšéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³
ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ã®æ··åç©ãåèäŸïŒã«èª¬æ
ããæäœã«ãã補é ããã éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³4.35ïŒ ãå«æããéšåæ°ŽçŽ
åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«è©Šæãå
èäŸïŒã§èª¬æããæäœã«ãããæ°Žã§æœåºããããš
ã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ã®æœåºçµæ
ïŒïŒ ïŒã次衚ã«ç€ºãã
ãè¡šã
ã¬ã³ãžïŒLangeïŒèïŒãã³ãããã¯ãªãã»ã±ã
ã¹ããªãŒïŒHandbook of ChemistryïŒ71çã«ã
ãã°25âã«ãããæ°Žã«å¯Ÿããéé¢ãµãã«ãªã³ã®æº¶
解床ã¯0.4ïŒ ã§ãããããæ ãäžè¡šããæãããª
ããã«ãéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«
ãšã¹ãã«ãéé¢ãµãã«ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠä¿è·ç芪åæ§
ãäžãããã€ãã®åé¢ãæå¶ããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®ä»£ãã«éšåïŒéåãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒ
ã«ãšã¹ãã«ãçšããåèäŸïŒããã³ïŒãšåæ§ã®æ
äœã«ãããéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³âãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã æ··
åç©ã補é ããã åèäŸïŒã§èª¬æããæäœã«ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã
ããã®éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³æœåºçµæã次衚ã«ç€º
ãã
ã¹ããªãŒïŒHandbook of ChemistryïŒ71çã«ã
ãã°25âã«ãããæ°Žã«å¯Ÿããéé¢ãµãã«ãªã³ã®æº¶
解床ã¯0.4ïŒ ã§ãããããæ ãäžè¡šããæãããª
ããã«ãéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«
ãšã¹ãã«ãéé¢ãµãã«ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠä¿è·ç芪åæ§
ãäžãããã€ãã®åé¢ãæå¶ããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®ä»£ãã«éšåïŒéåãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒ
ã«ãšã¹ãã«ãçšããåèäŸïŒããã³ïŒãšåæ§ã®æ
äœã«ãããéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³âãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã æ··
åç©ã補é ããã åèäŸïŒã§èª¬æããæäœã«ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã
ããã®éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³æœåºçµæã次衚ã«ç€º
ãã
ãè¡šã
äžèšããŒã¿ã¯éšåïŒéåãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»
ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ã®åºãå¶åŸ¡
ãåŸãããšã瀺ããã®ã§ããã åèäŸ ïŒ ã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠã
ã猶ã«ãããªé ¢é žããã«30éšããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 10
éšãã©ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšãã¯ãã¯ã¹30éšãäºé ž
åãã¿ã³ïŒéšãã¢ãããã³ãžã°ãªã»ãªãããã³é ž
åé²æ¢å€ãå ¥ããããµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ïŒïŒ
ãå«æããéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒ
ã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒåèäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æäœã«ããã補ã
ããããïŒ11éšãæ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠããäž
èšçŒ¶ã«æ·»å ããããã®æ··åç©ã76ã16âã«ä¿ã¡ãª
ããæŠã20åéæ··åããããã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã猶ã
ãåãåºããŠå·åŽããã åŸãããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãã®äžã®éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠã
ãããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«æåäžã«ãµãã«
ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãå å ããããã該ã¬ã ããŒã¹
æ¯äœäžã«åæ£ããŠä¿æããŠããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ åèäŸïŒã«èšèŒã®æäœã«åŸã€ãŠè£œããããã¬ã
ããŒã¹ãçšãã次ã®çµæãæããã¹ãã¢ãã³ã颚
å³ã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãäžèšæäœã«ãã補é ããã çµæïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«ããããã
æžæ¿ããããµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©å«æïŒ21
éšïŒã³ãŒã³ã·ããã17éšïŒç ç³49.8éšïŒãœã«ã
ããŒã«10éšïŒéŠå³æïŒéšïŒéŠå³æãå«æããã¢
ã©ãã¢ãŽã ïŒéšïŒã¬ã·ãã³0.2éšã äžèšçµæç©ã®è£œé æ³ã«ãããŠãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã溶
èããã³ãŒã³ã·ããããšã¬ã·ãã³ãæ·»å ããŠæ··å
ããã人工çå³æãå ããŠïŒåéæ··åãã次ãã§
èç³ãå ããŠæŽã«ïŒåéæ··åãããããã«ãœã«ã
ããŒã«ãæ·»å ããïŒåéæ··åããéŠå³æãå«æã
ãã¢ã©ãã¢ãŽã ãå ããŠïŒåéæ··åããããã®å¡
ã猶ããåãåºããããŒãªã³ã°åŠçããå»ã¿ç®ã
å ¥ããåŸãåæããŠæ£ç¶ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã補é ã
ãã ã©ã€ãã»ã»ã€ããŒã¹ïŒLife SaversïŒç€Ÿè£œåžè²©
ã¹ãã¢ãã³ãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §åïŒããã³
å®æœäŸïŒå段ã«èšèŒã®ãã¹ãŠã®æåïŒãã ããµã
ã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«åæ£ãã
ããããšãªãã溶èã¬ã ããŒã¹ã«å ããŠå®å šã«æ··
åãããïŒãå«æããããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §
åïŒãšæ¬å®æœäŸã®ã¹ãã¢ãã³ãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã
ã®çå³ããã³é¢šå³æç¶æ§ãæ¯èŒãããããçç·Žã
ãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã å³èŠæ€æ»ããã«ã«åèšæ£ç¶ããŠ
ãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãšå¯Ÿç §åããã³ãäžããŠããã«æ§
æå¡ãæ¯èŒãããïŒçš®ã®è©Šæã«ããããçªå·ãä»
ããŠããã«ã«å瀺ããäžèšæ¹æ³ã§æ€æ»ãè¡ãªãã ããã«æ§æå¡ã¯ã¬ã è©Šæã®ãã¡ã®ïŒåãïŒåé
ããã åŸããã®ã¬ã ã®å¡ãååºã132ããã«å ¥ã
ããç¶ããŠããã«æ§æå¡ã¯åãæéä»ã®ã¬ã ãã
ã¿ããã®å¡ãä»ã®çŽã³ããã«å ¥ããã ããã«æ§æå¡ã¯å£ãæ°Žã§ããããå£è å ã«æ®ã€
ã颚å³ãé€ãããã«ã¯ã©ãã«ãŒããã¹ãããã®å£
ãããããã³äŒæ¯æéãïŒåéç¶ããããããã
ããã«æ§æå¡ã¯ããããã®ã¬ã å¡ã®é¢šå³ãæ€æ»
ããçå³ãšé¢šå³ã®çšåºŠãïŒãïŒã®è©ç¹ã«åºã¥ããŠ
è©äŸ¡ããã 10ã15ããã³20åéããã ã®ã¡ãäžèšãšåäžã®
è¡çºãç¹°ãè¿ãããŠæ€æ»ãè¡ãªãã ãã®è©Šéšã®ç®çã®ããã«å質ç¹æ§ã次ã®ããã«
å®çŸ©ãããçå³ïŒå£è å ã®å³èŸã«ããæç¥ããã
çå³æèŠãå šé¢šå³ïŒå£è å ã§æç¥ãããå šé¢šå³æ
èŠã å質ç¹æ§ã次ã®è©ç¹ã«åºã¥ããŠè©äŸ¡ãããïŒïŒ
æç¥ãããªããïŒïŒæç¥ããããïŒïŒæ確ã«æç¥
ããããïŒïŒåŒ·ãæç¥ããããïŒïŒæ¥µããŠåŒ·ãæ
ç¥ãããã æ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ïŒå®æœäŸïŒå段ã«èšèŒ
ã®ã¬ã ïŒããã³å¯Ÿç §åãšãããããïŒåã10
åã15åã20åéããã ããšã®åå質ç¹æ§ã«é¢ã
ãå¹³åè©ç¹ãäžè¡šã«ç€ºãã
ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ã®åºãå¶åŸ¡
ãåŸãããšã瀺ããã®ã§ããã åèäŸ ïŒ ã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠã
ã猶ã«ãããªé ¢é žããã«30éšããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 10
éšãã©ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšãã¯ãã¯ã¹30éšãäºé ž
åãã¿ã³ïŒéšãã¢ãããã³ãžã°ãªã»ãªãããã³é ž
åé²æ¢å€ãå ¥ããããµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ïŒïŒ
ãå«æããéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒ
ã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒåèäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æäœã«ããã補ã
ããããïŒ11éšãæ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠããäž
èšçŒ¶ã«æ·»å ããããã®æ··åç©ã76ã16âã«ä¿ã¡ãª
ããæŠã20åéæ··åããããã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã猶ã
ãåãåºããŠå·åŽããã åŸãããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãã®äžã®éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠã
ãããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«æåäžã«ãµãã«
ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ãå å ããããã該ã¬ã ããŒã¹
æ¯äœäžã«åæ£ããŠä¿æããŠããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ åèäŸïŒã«èšèŒã®æäœã«åŸã€ãŠè£œããããã¬ã
ããŒã¹ãçšãã次ã®çµæãæããã¹ãã¢ãã³ã颚
å³ã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãäžèšæäœã«ãã補é ããã çµæïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«ããããã
æžæ¿ããããµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©å«æïŒ21
éšïŒã³ãŒã³ã·ããã17éšïŒç ç³49.8éšïŒãœã«ã
ããŒã«10éšïŒéŠå³æïŒéšïŒéŠå³æãå«æããã¢
ã©ãã¢ãŽã ïŒéšïŒã¬ã·ãã³0.2éšã äžèšçµæç©ã®è£œé æ³ã«ãããŠãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã溶
èããã³ãŒã³ã·ããããšã¬ã·ãã³ãæ·»å ããŠæ··å
ããã人工çå³æãå ããŠïŒåéæ··åãã次ãã§
èç³ãå ããŠæŽã«ïŒåéæ··åãããããã«ãœã«ã
ããŒã«ãæ·»å ããïŒåéæ··åããéŠå³æãå«æã
ãã¢ã©ãã¢ãŽã ãå ããŠïŒåéæ··åããããã®å¡
ã猶ããåãåºããããŒãªã³ã°åŠçããå»ã¿ç®ã
å ¥ããåŸãåæããŠæ£ç¶ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã補é ã
ãã ã©ã€ãã»ã»ã€ããŒã¹ïŒLife SaversïŒç€Ÿè£œåžè²©
ã¹ãã¢ãã³ãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §åïŒããã³
å®æœäŸïŒå段ã«èšèŒã®ãã¹ãŠã®æåïŒãã ããµã
ã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«åæ£ãã
ããããšãªãã溶èã¬ã ããŒã¹ã«å ããŠå®å šã«æ··
åãããïŒãå«æããããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §
åïŒãšæ¬å®æœäŸã®ã¹ãã¢ãã³ãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã
ã®çå³ããã³é¢šå³æç¶æ§ãæ¯èŒãããããçç·Žã
ãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã å³èŠæ€æ»ããã«ã«åèšæ£ç¶ããŠ
ãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãšå¯Ÿç §åããã³ãäžããŠããã«æ§
æå¡ãæ¯èŒãããïŒçš®ã®è©Šæã«ããããçªå·ãä»
ããŠããã«ã«å瀺ããäžèšæ¹æ³ã§æ€æ»ãè¡ãªãã ããã«æ§æå¡ã¯ã¬ã è©Šæã®ãã¡ã®ïŒåãïŒåé
ããã åŸããã®ã¬ã ã®å¡ãååºã132ããã«å ¥ã
ããç¶ããŠããã«æ§æå¡ã¯åãæéä»ã®ã¬ã ãã
ã¿ããã®å¡ãä»ã®çŽã³ããã«å ¥ããã ããã«æ§æå¡ã¯å£ãæ°Žã§ããããå£è å ã«æ®ã€
ã颚å³ãé€ãããã«ã¯ã©ãã«ãŒããã¹ãããã®å£
ãããããã³äŒæ¯æéãïŒåéç¶ããããããã
ããã«æ§æå¡ã¯ããããã®ã¬ã å¡ã®é¢šå³ãæ€æ»
ããçå³ãšé¢šå³ã®çšåºŠãïŒãïŒã®è©ç¹ã«åºã¥ããŠ
è©äŸ¡ããã 10ã15ããã³20åéããã ã®ã¡ãäžèšãšåäžã®
è¡çºãç¹°ãè¿ãããŠæ€æ»ãè¡ãªãã ãã®è©Šéšã®ç®çã®ããã«å質ç¹æ§ã次ã®ããã«
å®çŸ©ãããçå³ïŒå£è å ã®å³èŸã«ããæç¥ããã
çå³æèŠãå šé¢šå³ïŒå£è å ã§æç¥ãããå šé¢šå³æ
èŠã å質ç¹æ§ã次ã®è©ç¹ã«åºã¥ããŠè©äŸ¡ãããïŒïŒ
æç¥ãããªããïŒïŒæç¥ããããïŒïŒæ確ã«æç¥
ããããïŒïŒåŒ·ãæç¥ããããïŒïŒæ¥µããŠåŒ·ãæ
ç¥ãããã æ¬çºæã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ïŒå®æœäŸïŒå段ã«èšèŒ
ã®ã¬ã ïŒããã³å¯Ÿç §åãšãããããïŒåã10
åã15åã20åéããã ããšã®åå質ç¹æ§ã«é¢ã
ãå¹³åè©ç¹ãäžè¡šã«ç€ºãã
ãè¡šã
ïŒå°ã¯ã©ã€ãã»ã»ã€ããŒã¹ç€Ÿã®
åžè²©å
äžèšããŒã¿ãçµ±èšçã«åæããçµæãæ¬çºæã®
å®æœäŸïŒã®ã¬ã ã¯15åéããã ã®ã¡ã«ãããŠãæ
ããã«å¯Ÿç §åãšãããææãªçå³ããã³é¢šå³
ãä¿æããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ãšéšåïŒéåããžã³ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒæ··åç©4000ïœãã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Ž
èžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠãã猶ã«å ¥ããããã®ãšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã ã76ã116âã®éã«ä¿ã¡ãæ··åããªãã
溶èããããã®æº¶èããžã³ã«éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³
182ïœãå ããå åã«æ··åããã20åéæ··åãã
ã®ã¡ããã®å¡ãã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽããããš
ã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã®ãµãã«ãªã³ç²åãèŠããªããªããŸ
ã§ããæ··åããŠãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã®ãµãã«ãªã³ãå¯
溶åããã ãã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã®ãµãã«ãªã³æ¿åºŠã¯4.35ïŒ
ã§ããã ããªé ¢é žããã«30éšãã©ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšã
ã¯ãã¯ã¹28éšãšäºé žåãã¿ã³ïŒéšãã¢ããšãžã°ãª
ã»ã©ã€ãããã³é žåé²æ¢å€ãå«æããã¬ã ããŒã¹
ã補é ãããæŽæµã也ç¥åŸãåèšã®ããã«è£œé ã
ãéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãå«æãããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 22
éšãã¬ã ããŒã¹æ··åç©ã«ããŠæ·»å ããã枩床ã82
ã116âã®éã«ä¿ã¡ãªããçŽ20åéæ··åãããã
ã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯1.0ïŒ ã®éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãå«
æããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ã¹ãã¢ãã³ã颚å³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãå
èäŸïŒã§èª¬æããã¬ã ããŒã¹ãçšããŠè£œé ããã
ã¬ã ã®çµæããã³è£œé æ³ã¯å®æœäŸïŒã«è¿°ã¹ããšã
ãã§ããã èç³å ¥ã©ã€ãã»ã»ã€ããŒã¹ç€Ÿè£œåžè²©ã¹ãã¢ãã³
ãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §åïŒããã³å®æœäŸïŒã«
ããããã¹ãŠã®æåïŒãã ãéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³
ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã«åæ£ããããããšãªããã³ãŒã³
ã·ãããã«æ·»å ãããïŒãå«æããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬
ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §åïŒã«å¯Ÿããå®æœäŸïŒã§è£œããããã¹
ãã¢ãã³ãã¬ã ã®çå³ããã³é¢šå³æç¶æ§ãæ¯èŒè©
䟡ãããããïŒçš®ã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãçç·Žããå³
èŠæ€æ»ããã«ã«å瀺ããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æ€æ»ã
è¡ãªã€ãã å®æœäŸïŒã®ã¬ã ãšå¯Ÿç §ã¬ã ã®å¹³åè©ç¹ã次衚ã«
瀺ãã
åžè²©å
äžèšããŒã¿ãçµ±èšçã«åæããçµæãæ¬çºæã®
å®æœäŸïŒã®ã¬ã ã¯15åéããã ã®ã¡ã«ãããŠãæ
ããã«å¯Ÿç §åãšãããææãªçå³ããã³é¢šå³
ãä¿æããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ãšéšåïŒéåããžã³ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒæ··åç©4000ïœãã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Ž
èžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠãã猶ã«å ¥ããããã®ãšã¹
ãã«ã¬ã ã76ã116âã®éã«ä¿ã¡ãæ··åããªãã
溶èããããã®æº¶èããžã³ã«éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³
182ïœãå ããå åã«æ··åããã20åéæ··åãã
ã®ã¡ããã®å¡ãã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽããããš
ã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã®ãµãã«ãªã³ç²åãèŠããªããªããŸ
ã§ããæ··åããŠãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã®ãµãã«ãªã³ãå¯
溶åããã ãã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã®ãµãã«ãªã³æ¿åºŠã¯4.35ïŒ
ã§ããã ããªé ¢é žããã«30éšãã©ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšã
ã¯ãã¯ã¹28éšãšäºé žåãã¿ã³ïŒéšãã¢ããšãžã°ãª
ã»ã©ã€ãããã³é žåé²æ¢å€ãå«æããã¬ã ããŒã¹
ã補é ãããæŽæµã也ç¥åŸãåèšã®ããã«è£œé ã
ãéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãå«æãããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 22
éšãã¬ã ããŒã¹æ··åç©ã«ããŠæ·»å ããã枩床ã82
ã116âã®éã«ä¿ã¡ãªããçŽ20åéæ··åãããã
ã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯1.0ïŒ ã®éé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³ãå«
æããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ã¹ãã¢ãã³ã颚å³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãå
èäŸïŒã§èª¬æããã¬ã ããŒã¹ãçšããŠè£œé ããã
ã¬ã ã®çµæããã³è£œé æ³ã¯å®æœäŸïŒã«è¿°ã¹ããšã
ãã§ããã èç³å ¥ã©ã€ãã»ã»ã€ããŒã¹ç€Ÿè£œåžè²©ã¹ãã¢ãã³
ãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §åïŒããã³å®æœäŸïŒã«
ããããã¹ãŠã®æåïŒãã ãéé¢é žåãµãã«ãªã³
ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã«åæ£ããããããšãªããã³ãŒã³
ã·ãããã«æ·»å ãããïŒãå«æããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬
ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §åïŒã«å¯Ÿããå®æœäŸïŒã§è£œããããã¹
ãã¢ãã³ãã¬ã ã®çå³ããã³é¢šå³æç¶æ§ãæ¯èŒè©
䟡ãããããïŒçš®ã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ãçç·Žããå³
èŠæ€æ»ããã«ã«å瀺ããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æ€æ»ã
è¡ãªã€ãã å®æœäŸïŒã®ã¬ã ãšå¯Ÿç §ã¬ã ã®å¹³åè©ç¹ã次衚ã«
瀺ãã
ãè¡šã
äžèšããŒã¿ããæãããªããã«ãæ¬çºæã®å®æœ
äŸïŒã®ã¬ã ãåžè²©ã¬ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §åïŒããã³å¯Ÿç §å
ã®ã¬ã ããããããã20åéãããã¯ãã以äž
ã®æç¶æ§é¢šå³ãšçå³ãæã€ãŠããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«2000ïœãã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ãã
ã§è¢«èŠãã猶äžã§æº¶èããã猶ã®æž©åºŠã82ã116
âã«ç¶æãããç²æ«ç¶ããã«é ž364ïœãæ·»å ãã
溶èããžã³äžã§ããã«é žç²åã®åŸ®çŽ°ãªåæ£ç©ãäœ
ãããã«å åã«æ··åãããããã«é žâããžã³æ··å
ç©ïŒããžã³äžã®ããã«é žå«é15.4ïŒ ïŒã猶ããå
ãåºããå·åŽåºäžã§å·åŽããå®éšå®€çšç²ç æ©ã§ç²
ç ããã ãžã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ãã被èŠãã
猶ã«ããªé ¢é žããã«30éšããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 10éšãã©
ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšãã¯ãã¯ã¹36éšãäºé žåãã¿
ã³ïŒéšãã¢ããšãžã°ãªã»ã©ã€ãããã³é žåé²æ¢å€
ãæ·»å ãããããã«é žãå«ãéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããã
ãžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«11éšïŒåèšãšåæ§ã®
æäœã«ãã補ãããããïŒãæ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§
被èŠãã猶ã«æ·»å ããããã®æ··åç©ã76ã116â
ã®éã®æž©åºŠã«ä¿æããªããæŠã20åéæ··åããã
ãã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽããã åŸãããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãã®éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããã
ãžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«æåäžã«ããã«é žã
å«æãããããã¬ã ããŒã¹æ¯äœäžã«åæ£ããŠä¿æ
ãããŠããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ åèäŸïŒã§èª¬æãããããªæäœã§è£œããããã¬
ã ããŒã¹ãçšããããšãªãŒé¢šå³ãæããããŠãŒã€
ã³ã¬ã ã補é ãããçµæã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ããã çµæïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«ããã«é žã
åæžæ¿ããå®æœäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹ãããã«è£œé ã
ããïŒ25éšïŒã³ãŒã³ã·ãããïŒ44ãBÂŽeïŒ15éšïŒ
ãããé ž0.7éšïŒç ç³46éšïŒãµãã«ãªã³ãããª
ãŠã å¡©0.2éšïŒãœã«ãããŒã«10éšïŒããšãªãŒæ²¹
0.8éšïŒããšãªãŒéŠæïŒã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ïŒïŒéšïŒ
ã¬ã·ãã³0.2éšã äžèšçµæç©ã®è£œé ã«ãããŠãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã溶è
ããã³ãŒã³ã·ãããããµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ã
ãã³ã¬ã·ãã³ãæ·»å ããŠæ··åãããããšãªãŒæ²¹ã
æ·»å ããŠïŒåéæ··åãã次ãã§èç³ãæ·»å ããŠæŽ
ã«ïŒåéæ··åãããããã«ãœã«ãããŒã«ãæ·»å ã
ãŠïŒåéæ··åãããã®ã¬ã ã«ã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ããã
ãšãªãŒéŠæãæ·»å ããŠïŒåéæ··åããããã®å¡ã
ã猶ããåãåºããæ¿ç¶ã«äŒžã°ããŠå»ç®ãå ¥ãã
åŸãåæããŠæ£ç¶ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã補é ããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«2000ïœãã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ãã
ã§è¢«èŠãã猶äžã§æº¶èããã猶ã®æž©åºŠã¯82ã116
âã®éã«ä¿æãããããã«ç²ç²ç¶ãµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«
ã·ãŠã å¡©180ïœãšé ç³é ž364ïœãæ·»å ããŠå åæ··å
ãã溶èããžã³äžã«ãµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ãšé
ç³é žã®åŸ®ç²åã埮现ã«åæ£ãããããã®ãµãã«ãª
ã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©âé ç³é žâããžã³æ··åç©ïŒããžã³
äžããµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã ïŒïŒ ãé ç³é ž14.3ïŒ ïŒ
ã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽåºã§å·åŽããå®éšå®€çšç²
ç æ©ã§50ã100ã¡ãã·ãŠã®éã®ç¯å²ã®ç²åŸã«ç²ç
ããã ã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠã
ã猶ã«ããªé ¢é žããã«30éšããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 10éšã
ã©ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšãã¯ãã¯ã¹30éšãäºé žåã
ã¿ã³ïŒéšãã¢ããšãžã°ãªã»ã©ã€ãããã³é žåé²æ¢
å€ãæ·»å ãããåèšãšåæ§ã®æäœã«ãã補ããã
ããµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ãšé ç³é žå«æéšåæ°ŽçŽ
åãŠããããžã³ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒåèšãšå
æ§ã®æäœã«ãã補ãããããïŒ11éšãæ°Žèžæ°ãžã€
ã±ããã§è¢«èŠãã猶ã«æ·»å ããããã®æ··åç©ã76
ã116âã®éã®æž©åºŠã«ä¿æããªããæŠã20åéæ··
åããããã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽ
ããã åŸãããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãã®éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããã
ãžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«æåäžã«ãµãã«ãªã³
ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ããã³é ç³é žãå«æãããããã¬ã
ããŒã¹æ¯äœäžã«åæ£ããŠä¿æããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ åèäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æäœã«ãã補ããããã¬ã ã
ãŒã¹ãçšããŠããšãªãŒé¢šå³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬
ã ã補é ããããã®çµæã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ããã çµæïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«åæžæ¿ã
ããåèäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹ãããã«èª¿è£œãããµãã«ãª
ã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ãšé ç³é žãå«ãïŒ23éšïŒã³ãŒã³
ã·ãããïŒ44ãBÂŽeïŒ17éšïŒãããé ž0.7éšïŒç
ç³46.1éšïŒãœã«ãããŒã«10éšïŒããšãªãŒæ²¹ïŒ
éšïŒããšãªãŒéŠæïŒã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ïŒïŒéšïŒã¬ã·
ãã³0.2éšã ã¬ã çµæç©ã®è£œé ã«ãããŠãäžèšã¬ã ããŒã¹ã
溶èããããã«ã³ãŒã³ã·ããããšã¬ã·ãã³ãæ·»å
ããŠæ··åãããããšãªãŒæ²¹ãæ·»å ããŠïŒåéæ··å
ãã次ãã§ç ç³ãæ·»å ããŠæŽã«ïŒåéæ··åããã
ããã«ãœã«ãããŒã«ãæ·»å ããŠïŒåéæ··åããã¬
ã âããšãªãŒéŠæïŒã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ãããã®ïŒãæ·»
å ããŠïŒåéæ··åããããã®å¡ãã猶ããåãåº
ããããŒãªã³ã°åŠçããŠãå»ã¿ç®ãå ¥ããåŸãå
æããŠæ£ç¶ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã補é ããã
äŸïŒã®ã¬ã ãåžè²©ã¬ã ïŒå¯Ÿç §åïŒããã³å¯Ÿç §å
ã®ã¬ã ããããããã20åéãããã¯ãã以äž
ã®æç¶æ§é¢šå³ãšçå³ãæã€ãŠããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«2000ïœãã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ãã
ã§è¢«èŠãã猶äžã§æº¶èããã猶ã®æž©åºŠã82ã116
âã«ç¶æãããç²æ«ç¶ããã«é ž364ïœãæ·»å ãã
溶èããžã³äžã§ããã«é žç²åã®åŸ®çŽ°ãªåæ£ç©ãäœ
ãããã«å åã«æ··åãããããã«é žâããžã³æ··å
ç©ïŒããžã³äžã®ããã«é žå«é15.4ïŒ ïŒã猶ããå
ãåºããå·åŽåºäžã§å·åŽããå®éšå®€çšç²ç æ©ã§ç²
ç ããã ãžã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ãã被èŠãã
猶ã«ããªé ¢é žããã«30éšããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 10éšãã©
ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšãã¯ãã¯ã¹36éšãäºé žåãã¿
ã³ïŒéšãã¢ããšãžã°ãªã»ã©ã€ãããã³é žåé²æ¢å€
ãæ·»å ãããããã«é žãå«ãéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããã
ãžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«11éšïŒåèšãšåæ§ã®
æäœã«ãã補ãããããïŒãæ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§
被èŠãã猶ã«æ·»å ããããã®æ··åç©ã76ã116â
ã®éã®æž©åºŠã«ä¿æããªããæŠã20åéæ··åããã
ãã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽããã åŸãããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãã®éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããã
ãžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«æåäžã«ããã«é žã
å«æãããããã¬ã ããŒã¹æ¯äœäžã«åæ£ããŠä¿æ
ãããŠããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ åèäŸïŒã§èª¬æãããããªæäœã§è£œããããã¬
ã ããŒã¹ãçšããããšãªãŒé¢šå³ãæããããŠãŒã€
ã³ã¬ã ã補é ãããçµæã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ããã çµæïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«ããã«é žã
åæžæ¿ããå®æœäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹ãããã«è£œé ã
ããïŒ25éšïŒã³ãŒã³ã·ãããïŒ44ãBÂŽeïŒ15éšïŒ
ãããé ž0.7éšïŒç ç³46éšïŒãµãã«ãªã³ãããª
ãŠã å¡©0.2éšïŒãœã«ãããŒã«10éšïŒããšãªãŒæ²¹
0.8éšïŒããšãªãŒéŠæïŒã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ïŒïŒéšïŒ
ã¬ã·ãã³0.2éšã äžèšçµæç©ã®è£œé ã«ãããŠãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã溶è
ããã³ãŒã³ã·ãããããµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ã
ãã³ã¬ã·ãã³ãæ·»å ããŠæ··åãããããšãªãŒæ²¹ã
æ·»å ããŠïŒåéæ··åãã次ãã§èç³ãæ·»å ããŠæŽ
ã«ïŒåéæ··åãããããã«ãœã«ãããŒã«ãæ·»å ã
ãŠïŒåéæ··åãããã®ã¬ã ã«ã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ããã
ãšãªãŒéŠæãæ·»å ããŠïŒåéæ··åããããã®å¡ã
ã猶ããåãåºããæ¿ç¶ã«äŒžã°ããŠå»ç®ãå ¥ãã
åŸãåæããŠæ£ç¶ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã補é ããã åèäŸ ïŒ éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«2000ïœãã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ãã
ã§è¢«èŠãã猶äžã§æº¶èããã猶ã®æž©åºŠã¯82ã116
âã®éã«ä¿æãããããã«ç²ç²ç¶ãµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«
ã·ãŠã å¡©180ïœãšé ç³é ž364ïœãæ·»å ããŠå åæ··å
ãã溶èããžã³äžã«ãµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ãšé
ç³é žã®åŸ®ç²åã埮现ã«åæ£ãããããã®ãµãã«ãª
ã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©âé ç³é žâããžã³æ··åç©ïŒããžã³
äžããµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã ïŒïŒ ãé ç³é ž14.3ïŒ ïŒ
ã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽåºã§å·åŽããå®éšå®€çšç²
ç æ©ã§50ã100ã¡ãã·ãŠã®éã®ç¯å²ã®ç²åŸã«ç²ç
ããã ã·ã°ãååæ··åæ©ä»æ°Žèžæ°ãžã€ã±ããã§è¢«èŠã
ã猶ã«ããªé ¢é žããã«30éšããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã 10éšã
ã©ããã¯ã¹åºåœ¢ç©10éšãã¯ãã¯ã¹30éšãäºé žåã
ã¿ã³ïŒéšãã¢ããšãžã°ãªã»ã©ã€ãããã³é žåé²æ¢
å€ãæ·»å ãããåèšãšåæ§ã®æäœã«ãã補ããã
ããµãã«ãªã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ãšé ç³é žå«æéšåæ°ŽçŽ
åãŠããããžã³ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒåèšãšå
æ§ã®æäœã«ãã補ãããããïŒ11éšãæ°Žèžæ°ãžã€
ã±ããã§è¢«èŠãã猶ã«æ·»å ããããã®æ··åç©ã76
ã116âã®éã®æž©åºŠã«ä¿æããªããæŠã20åéæ··
åããããã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹ã猶ããåãåºããå·åŽ
ããã åŸãããã¬ã ããŒã¹ã¯ãã®éšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããã
ãžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«æåäžã«ãµãã«ãªã³
ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ããã³é ç³é žãå«æãããããã¬ã
ããŒã¹æ¯äœäžã«åæ£ããŠä¿æããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ åèäŸïŒãšåæ§ã®æäœã«ãã補ããããã¬ã ã
ãŒã¹ãçšããŠããšãªãŒé¢šå³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬
ã ã補é ããããã®çµæã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ããã çµæïŒã¬ã ããŒã¹ïŒãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«åæžæ¿ã
ããåèäŸïŒã§è¿°ã¹ãããã«èª¿è£œãããµãã«ãª
ã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ãšé ç³é žãå«ãïŒ23éšïŒã³ãŒã³
ã·ãããïŒ44ãBÂŽeïŒ17éšïŒãããé ž0.7éšïŒç
ç³46.1éšïŒãœã«ãããŒã«10éšïŒããšãªãŒæ²¹ïŒ
éšïŒããšãªãŒéŠæïŒã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ïŒïŒéšïŒã¬ã·
ãã³0.2éšã ã¬ã çµæç©ã®è£œé ã«ãããŠãäžèšã¬ã ããŒã¹ã
溶èããããã«ã³ãŒã³ã·ããããšã¬ã·ãã³ãæ·»å
ããŠæ··åãããããšãªãŒæ²¹ãæ·»å ããŠïŒåéæ··å
ãã次ãã§ç ç³ãæ·»å ããŠæŽã«ïŒåéæ··åããã
ããã«ãœã«ãããŒã«ãæ·»å ããŠïŒåéæ··åããã¬
ã âããšãªãŒéŠæïŒã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ãããã®ïŒãæ·»
å ããŠïŒåéæ··åããããã®å¡ãã猶ããåãåº
ããããŒãªã³ã°åŠçããŠãå»ã¿ç®ãå ¥ããåŸãå
æããŠæ£ç¶ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã補é ããã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãšããã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«åæ£ãã
ãããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ããã³äººå·¥çå³æãå«æããã
ã®ã§ãã€ãŠãã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãé å
ããåã«ãã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«äººå·¥çå³æãå å
ããããããããã¯ããããã®æ¹æ³ã§å«æãã
ãã該ã¬ã ããŒã¹ããã®äººå·¥çå³æã®æŸåºãæå¶
ããããã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã人工çå³æã®ä¿è·ç被
èŠå€ãšããŠäœ¿çšããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããæç¶æ§çå³
ãšé¢šå³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒ ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã人工çå³æã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ200ïŒ
ïŒãªããçŽ0.5ïŒïŒã®ç¯å²ã§ååšããããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒ ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãïŒçš®ãªãããã以äžã®ããžã³
ãŸãã¯æ¹è³ªããžã³ã®ã¡ãã«ãã°ãªã»ããŒã«ããã
ã¯ãã³ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ããæããã®ã§
ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬
ã ã ïŒ ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããžã³ã®ã
ã³ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ããŠããããžã³ã®ã
ã³ã¿ãšãªã¹ãªããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãéšåïŒéåããžã³
ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãéšåæ°ŽçŽ åãŠããããž
ã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãéåããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»
ããŒã«ãšã¹ãã«ãããŒã«æ²¹ããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«
ãšã¹ãã«ããŠããããžã³ã®ã°ãªã»ããŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ãããžã³ã®éšåæ°ŽçŽ åã¡ãã«ãšã¹ãã«ããã³ã
ããã®ããããïŒçš®ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®æ··åç©ãã
éžæããããã®ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒ
ã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒ äººå·¥çå³æãéé¢é žãµãã«ãªã³ãå å«ããã
ã®ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³
ã¬ã ã ïŒ äººå·¥çå³æããµãã«ãªã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ããµã
ã«ãªã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã å¡©ãŸãã¯ãµãã«ãªã³ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠ
ã å¡©ãå å«ãããã®ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé
èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒ äººå·¥çå³æãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®çŽ0.002ã4.5
ééïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®éã§ååšããããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²
第ïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒ äººå·¥çå³æããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã æåã®çŽ0.5ã50
ééïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®éã§ååšããããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²
第ïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒ äººå·¥çå³æãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®çŽ0.02ã15ééïŒ
ã®ç¯å²ã®éã§ååšããããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé
èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒïŒ 人工çå³æãè¯å¥œãªæ°Žæº¶æ§ãæãããšã¹ã
ã«ã¬ã ãæ¯èŒçäœç²åºŠã®ãã®ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯
å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒïŒ 人工çå³æã貧氎溶æ§ãæãããšã¹ãã«ã¬
ã ãæ¯èŒçé«ç²åºŠã®ãã®ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬
ïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒïŒ ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãšããã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«åæ£ã
ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã人工çå³æããã³é£åçšé ž
ãå«æãããã®ã§ãã€ãŠãã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ã¬ã ãé åããåã«ãã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«äººå·¥
çå³æããã³é£åçšé žãå å ããããããããã¯
ããããã®æ¹æ³ã§å«æãããã該ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãã
ã®äººå·¥çå³æããã³é£åçšé žã®æŸåºãæå¶ããã
ãã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã人工çå³æããã³é£åçšé žã®
ä¿è·ç被èŠå€ãšããŠäœ¿çšããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããæ
ç¶æ§çå³ãšé¢šå³ãæããããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒïŒ é£åçšé žãããã«é žãã¢ãžãã³é žããã¯ã
é žããããé žããããé žãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žãé ç³
é žãŸãã¯ãããã®ããããïŒçš®ãªãããã以äžã®
æ··åç©ããéžæããããã®ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²
第ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒïŒ é£åçšé žãããã«é žãã¢ãžãã³é žãŸãã¯ã
ã¯ãé žã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠ
ãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒïŒ ã¬ã ããŒã¹ãšããã®ã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«åæ£ã
ããããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãé£åçšé žãå«æãããã®ã§
ãã€ãŠãã¬ã ããŒã¹äžã«ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãé ããå
ã«ãã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¬ã äžã«é£åçšé žãå å ãããã
ããããã¯ããããã®æ¹æ³ã§å«æãããã該ã¬ã
ããŒã¹ããã®é£åçšé žã®æŸåºãæå¶ããããã«ãš
ã¹ãã«ã¬ã ãé£åçšé žã®ä¿è·ç被èŠå€ãšããŠäœ¿çš
ããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããæç¶æ§é žå³ãšé¢šå³ãæãã
ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒïŒ é£åçšé žãããã«é žãã¢ãžãã³é žããã¯ã
é žããããé žãé ç³é žããããé žãã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³
é žãŸãã¯ãããã®æ··åç©ãå å«ãããã®ã§ããç¹
èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã ïŒïŒ é£åçšé žãããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã®çŽ0.002ã4.5
ééïŒ ã®ç¯å²ãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã®çŽ0.02ã15ééïŒ ã®
ç¯å²ããšã¹ãã«ã¬ã ã®çŽ0.5ã50ééïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã®
éã§ååšããããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®
ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã ã
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP660778A JPS54101469A (en) | 1978-01-23 | 1978-01-23 | Flavor keepable chewing gum and production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP660778A JPS54101469A (en) | 1978-01-23 | 1978-01-23 | Flavor keepable chewing gum and production |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS54101469A JPS54101469A (en) | 1979-08-10 |
| JPS6142542B2 true JPS6142542B2 (ja) | 1986-09-22 |
Family
ID=11643028
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP660778A Granted JPS54101469A (en) | 1978-01-23 | 1978-01-23 | Flavor keepable chewing gum and production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54101469A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61254152A (ja) * | 1986-04-21 | 1986-11-11 | ã©ã€ãã»ã»ã€ãâã¹ã»ã€ã³ã³âãã¬ã€ããã | ããŠâã€ã³ã¬ã ãâã¹ |
-
1978
- 1978-01-23 JP JP660778A patent/JPS54101469A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS54101469A (en) | 1979-08-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4217368A (en) | Long-lasting chewing gum and method | |
| US4064274A (en) | Long-lasting flavored chewing gum including chalk-free gum base | |
| US4208431A (en) | Long-lasting chewing gum having good processibility and method | |
| US5912030A (en) | Comestible products having extended release of addititives and method of making | |
| US4872884A (en) | Reduced calorie chewing gum base and compositions containing the same | |
| US4248894A (en) | Long-lasting flavored chewing gum containing non-sugar sweetener codried on chalk or other filler and method | |
| US4065579A (en) | Long-lasting flavored chewing gum including chalk-containing gum base | |
| JPS62289149A (ja) | ã«ããªãŒã®äœæžããããã¥ãŒã€ã³ã¬ã çµæç©ããã³ãã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
| PH26073A (en) | Chewing gum having longer lasting sweetness | |
| EP0633730B1 (en) | Improved wax-free chewing gums with controlled sweetener release | |
| US5338809A (en) | Chewing gum or confection containing flavorant adsorbed on silica | |
| US4087557A (en) | Long-lasting flavored chewing gum including sweetener dispersed in ester gums and method | |
| EP0086856B1 (en) | Center-filled chewing gums, a sugarless liquid fill for same and a process for preparing them | |
| US4085227A (en) | Long-lasting flavored chewing gum | |
| JPH03502166A (ja) | ãã¥ãŒã€ã³ã¬ã äžã®é¢šå³å»¶é·ã®ããã®ä¹³åå€ | |
| US4900563A (en) | Fructose sweetened chewing gum compositions | |
| JPS60102148A (ja) | ããŠãŒã€ã³ã¬ã çµæç©ã®è£œæ³ | |
| CA1082517A (en) | Long-lasting flavored chewing gum and process for preparing same | |
| JPS63148936A (ja) | ãã¥ãŒã€ã³ã¬ã çµæç©ããã³ãã®è£œæ³ | |
| CA1110907A (en) | Long-lasting chewing gum having good processibility and method | |
| JPS6317422B2 (ja) | ||
| JPS6142542B2 (ja) | ||
| US20230172226A1 (en) | Enhanced flavor release chewing gum composition | |
| CA1087905A (en) | Long-lasting flavored chewing gum including chalk- free gum base | |
| GB1590187A (en) | Chewing gum |