JPS6145295A - Envelope control method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an envelope control method used when a performer creates an envelope waveform of a volume or the like in an electronic musical instrument.

[Prior art and its problems] Conventionally, as an electronic musical instrument in which signals for controlling musical tone elements can be programmed, a musical tone signal is obtained by multiplying predetermined waveform data by volume envelope data arbitrarily created by the performer. There are things that generate musical sounds.

Therefore, in conventional electronic musical instruments in which the performer can create an envelope waveform as described above, a folded linear envelope generator is generally used to generate envelope data. However, in the folded linear envelope generator, the number of folded lines is determined in advance, and envelope data cannot be generated unless parameters for all folded lines are set, which is very inconvenient. For example, when creating an envelope waveform that only requires a bifold line,
If a four-fold line envelope generator was used, a total of eight parameters would have to be set, making the setting operation very troublesome.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an envelope control method that can set a parameter for an arbitrary number of fold lines and generate envelope data corresponding to the parameter. do.

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention provides a pointer indicating the final broken line in the broken line envelope generator, and allows the user to arbitrarily set the number of broken lines in the envelope waveform by changing the contents of the pointer. It is.

[Embodiment of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the main parts of an electronic musical instrument. In the figure, 1 is a CPU, and this CPU 1 includes a keyboard KB consisting of a keyboard and various setting switches, and an example of the steps of the final fold line.

For example, a pointer 2 for specifying the first to eighth steps, a RAM 3 in which broken line parameters, for example parameters of the first to 8th channels, are written, a ROM 4 that stores the basic waveform of musical tones, and details. An envelope generator 5, which will be described later, is connected. This envelope generator 5
generates, for example, an envelope up to a 4-fold line, that is, 1 to 8 steps. The CPLJ 1 is also equipped with a memory for setting data for the final broken line, and this memory stores the parameters of channels 1 to 8 shown in FIG. −1ΔRKIJ, level value “0” is written in advance. The CPU 1 then reads the parameters of the final broken line designated by the pointer 2 from the internal memory and outputs them to the envelope generator 5 via the register 6. Furthermore, the parameters of the polygonal line read out from the RAM 3 in response to a command from the CPU are input to the envelope generator 5. The envelope data output from the envelope generator 5 is
EXP is sent to (exponential) ROM 7 and specifies its address. And this EXP, ROM
The data read from the waveform ROM 4 is sent to the multiplier 8 and multiplied together with the waveform data read from the waveform ROM 4.
The multiplication result is sent to the D/A converter 9. This D/A
The converter 9 converts the input digital data into analog data and outputs it to the speaker 11 via the amplifier 10.

Next, details of the envelope generator 5 will be explained with reference to FIG. In the figure, 21 is a shift register group in which eight stages of 8-bit shift registers are connected in parallel, and the level value LK sent from the CPU 1 via the transfer gate 22 is input in parallel to the first stage. Ru.

The fact that the shift register group 21 is composed of eight stages of shift registers corresponds to the existence of a musical tone creation system for eight channels, and the same applies to other shift register groups to be described later.

Then, the level value LK inputted to the first stage of the shift register group 21 is then shifted to the subsequent stage side and 8
It is output from the 1st stage and passes through the transfer gate 23.
The signal is returned to the first stage and is also input to the input terminal of the comparator 24. The transfer gate 22 is a CPU
A preset signal sent from 1 is input to the gate via an inverter 25 to control on/off, and
The transfer gate 23 is controlled to be turned on or off by inputting the preset signal directly to the gate. Note that this preset signal becomes 0" level only when the level value LK is sent. On the other hand, the rate value ΔR from the CPU 1 is sent to the shift register group 26 via the transfer gate 27 to the first stage. The data output from the eighth stage of the shift register group 2θ is returned to the first stage via the transfer gate 28, and is also input to the input terminal of the adder/subtractor 29. The transfer gates 27 and 28 are controlled on/off by the preset signals being inputted to the gates via the inverter 30 or directly.Furthermore, the input terminal a of the adder/subtractor 29 has the information stored in the shift register 31. Further, the adder/subtracter 29 inputs the shift register 92 to the control terminal 5LJB.
The MSB data (data indicating the rate direction) of the rate value ΔRK output from B is input as a subtraction command, and when this subtraction command is "1", subtraction is performed, and when it is "0", addition is performed. . And this adder/subtractor 2
9 inputs the addition/subtraction results to the input terminal a of the comparator 24.
and the EXP and ROM 7, and also input to the shift register 31 via the transfer gate 32.

The transfer gate 32 is connected to the comparator 24
The gate is controlled on/off by the output of . Also,
The rate direction data output from the shift register group 26 is input to the control terminal of the comparator 24 . When the rate direction data is O'', the comparator 24 outputs 1111 if a<b, and 0'' if a≧b, and when the rate direction data is 1'', if a>b If "1" and a≦b, output "0". The output signal of the comparator 24 is sent to the transfer 1 gate 32 and the CPU 1 described above.

FIG. 4 shows the basic waveform of the envelope, which consists of eight broken line steps. The heights of the terminal ends A to H of each step of the envelope are level values L1 to L7, and each level value Ll-L7 ill is expressed by rate values ΔR1 to ΔR8.

FIG. 5 shows the data structure of the envelope data stored in the RAM 3, where A to H represent data storage units corresponding to points A to H at the end of each step of the envelope waveform in FIG. Each has 16 pits. The MSB of the upper 8 bits stores 1-bit data indicating the direction of the rate (the direction of the slope of the curved line), and when it is "0" it instructs to rise, and when it is '1' it instructs to fall. .

The next 7 bits are rate value data, and the lower 8
The 7-bit data excluding the MSB in the pit indicates the level value. Note that the direction of the rate is automatically determined from changes in level value.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained. First, after turning on the power switch, set the envelope creation mode for the sound by operating a predetermined switch on the keyboard KB. Furthermore, by operating a switch on the keyboard KB, the desired number of steps of the envelope waveform is set in the pointer 2, and its parameters are input. For example, if you specify to create an envelope up to step 5,
Input the parameters up to the fifth step. Then, the parameters input and set from the keyboard KB are R
Written to AM3. After completing the parameter settings for the envelope waveform as described above, 1. Thereafter, an envelope waveform is created according to the set parameters through normal performance operations. That is, when a key operation is performed on the keyboard KB, the CPU 1 accesses the waveform ROM 4 in response to the key operation, reads out the basic waveform, and inputs it to the multiplier 8. At the same time, CPU1
Access AM3 and generate an envelope with the parameters for envelope creation detailed in Figure 2! 15 to generate an envelope.

First, the cpui selects the RAM according to the setting value of pointer 2.
3 to the data of a predetermined number of channels, that is, in this case, the level value L1 of the first to fifth channels.
-L5 is input to the shift register group 21, rate values ΔR1 to ΔRs and rate direction data are preset to the shift register group 26, and the shift register 31 is cleared. In addition, CPU1 uses pointer 2
According to the settings of the shift register group 26, the corresponding parameter, that is, the parameter of the fifth channel, is read out from the internal memory, and the level value Ls of the fifth channel of the shift register group 21 is set to "0".
The rate direction data held in the fifth channel of is rewritten to 1'', and the rate value ΔR5 is converted to descending data. The data of the channel is read out to the input terminal of the comparator 24. Also, regarding the rate values ΔR1 to ΔRs preset in the shift register group 26, the data of the first channel is input to the input terminal of the adder/subtractor 29. Further, the current value held in the shift register 31 is inputted to the input terminal a of the adder/subtracter 29.The adder/subtracter 29 then receives the rate direction data given from the shift register group 26. Addition or subtraction operation is performed.In the first step, since the envelope shows a rising waveform, the rate direction data is "0" and the adder/subtractor 29 is in the addition mode. The held current value and the late value output from the shift register group 26 are added.The addition result of this adder/subtractor 29 is EX
P, is sent to the ROM 7, and is also sent to the comparator 24. This comparator 24 compares the magnitude of data input to input terminals a and b, but if the rate direction data given to the control terminal is 0'', if a<b as described above, then 1'' If a≧b, a signal of “0” is output. Initially, the shift register 31 is cleared, so at the time when envelope data generation starts, the output of the adder/subtractor 29 is smaller than the output data of the shift register group 21, and a "1" signal is output from the comparator 24. . Therefore, the gate of the transfer gate 32 is opened, and the output of the adder/subtractor 29 is transferred to the transfer gate 32.
The data is written into the shift register 31 via the .

The data written in the shift register 31 is read out to the adder/subtractor 29 and added to the late value of the first channel output from the shift register group 26. Then, as described above, the addition result of the adder/subtracter 29 is sent to the comparator 24 and compared with the level value ΔR1 held in the shift register group 21. The first
The channel's late value ΔR1 is the shift register 3.
It is cumulatively added to 1. As a result, the data held in the shift register 31 has a level value ΔR as shown in FIG.
It rises at an angle of 1. Then, the data held in the shift register 31 is stored in the first shift register group 21.
When the channel level value L1 is reached, the output of the comparator 24 becomes "0" and the transfer gate 3
Gate No. 2 is closed, and data writing to the shift register 31 is prohibited. Further, the CPLJI detects the output of the comparator 24 at this time, reads out the level value L2 of the second channel held in the shift register group 21 to the comparator 24, and also reads out the level value L2 of the second channel held in the shift register group 26. The channel rate value ΔR2 is read out to the adder/subtractor 29. The second step of the envelope is a falling waveform, and the rate direction data is "1". Therefore, the adder/subtractor 29 enters the subtraction mode, and the comparator 24 outputs a signal of "1" if a>b and "0" if a≦b. Therefore, in this second channel, the late value ΔR2 of the second channel of the shift register group 26 is sequentially subtracted from the data held in the shift register 31 in the adder/subtractor 29. Then, when the subtraction result reaches the level value of the second channel 2, the output of the comparator 24 becomes "0", the gate of the transfer gate 32 is closed, and data writing to the shift register 31 is prohibited. When the envelope reaches the step specified by the pointer 2, that is, the fifth step, "0" is read out from the shift register group 21 as the level value L5, and the shift register group 26 The rate value ΔRs and the rate direction data "1" are read from. Therefore, the envelope continues to fall further from the end point of the fourth step, that is, level value L4, at an angle of late value [-ΔRsJ, as shown by the broken line in FIG. Then, when the contents of the shift register 31 become "0", the output of the comparator 24 becomes "O". This state is detected by the CPLll, and the envelope creation process is ended in the fifth step.

As described above, envelope data is output from the envelope generator 5 according to the setting parameters, and EXP,
It is sent to the multiplier 8 via the ROM 7. The multiplier 8 multiplies the envelope data by the basic waveform data from the waveform ROM 4, converts the multiplication result into analog data by the D/A converter 9, and inputs the analog data to the amplifier 10.

This amplifier 10 amplifies the input signal, drives the speaker 11, and outputs it as an acoustic signal.

By setting the number of envelope steps for the pointer 2 as described above, the envelope end process is automatically performed at the specified broken line portion of the envelope. Therefore, an envelope waveform with an arbitrary number of broken lines can be easily obtained. Further, since the data set last time is retained in the RAM 3, it is also possible to generate an envelope with a desired number of broken lines by using the data set last time and changing only the setting contents of the pointer 2.

Since the number of broken lines can be set freely as described above, the envelope can be set to any waveform. For example, the 6th
It is also possible to create a waveform with a rapidly decaying envelope as shown in the figure.

Conventional envelope generators are preset so that there is no click sound even when the highest speed release time is set, making it difficult to create envelope waveforms that decay rapidly.

However, in the present invention, since the number of broken lines can be set freely,
For example, as shown in Figure 6, the rate value ΔR4 of the fourth channel is set to a large value, and the envelope is
” level, and then terminate the envelope generation in the fifth channel as shown by the broken line in Figure 6, it is possible to create a rapidly attenuating envelope waveform, and also produce a click sound. This can also easily occur if necessary.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the third
Although the processing data of the final broken line shown in the figure is stored, a memory may be provided outside the CPUI to store the processing data.

Further, in the above embodiment, a case has been described in which a volume envelope is generated, but waveforms having an arbitrary number of broken lines can be created similarly for pitch and timbre envelopes.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, according to the present invention, a pointer indicating the final fold line is provided in the fold line envelope generator, and the user can change the contents of the pointer. Envelope waveforms with any number of broken lines can be created depending on the settings. Therefore, the operability when creating a musical tone can be improved, and a great effect can be exhibited especially when generating a musical tone with a small number of broken lines. Also,
It is also possible to leave the original level value data as is and change only the contents of pointer 2 to generate an envelope with a desired number of broken lines.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the main part of the electronic musical instrument, and FIG.
3 is a circuit configuration diagram showing the details of the envelope generator in the figure, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the details of the envelope generator in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the basic waveform of the envelope, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the data structure stored in the RAM in FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure shows an example of creating an envelope waveform. 1...CPLI, 2...Pointer, 3...RAM
, 4... Waveform ROM, 5... Envelope generator,
6...Register, 1...EXP, ROM, 8...
Multiplier, 9...D/A converter, 10...Amplifier, 1
1... Speaker, 21... Shift register group, 22
．． 23.27.28.32...Transfer gate,
24... Comparator, 26... Shift register group, 29... Addition/subtractor, 31... Shift register. Applicant's agent Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 5 1: ＼ Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pointer for specifying the final broken line of the envelope that is set by an external operation, a level value storage means that sets the level value of each channel of the envelope by an input operation, and late value and rate direction data of each channel of the envelope by an input operation. is set, a means for rewriting the contents of the corresponding channels of the level value storage means and the late value storage means into final broken line processing data according to the setting contents of the pointer, the level value storage means and Envelope control characterized by comprising means for reading data stored in the late value storage means in channel order and accumulating specified late values for each channel until reaching a specified level value to generate envelope data. method.