JPS6160544B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6160544B2 JPS6160544B2 JP56161706A JP16170681A JPS6160544B2 JP S6160544 B2 JPS6160544 B2 JP S6160544B2 JP 56161706 A JP56161706 A JP 56161706A JP 16170681 A JP16170681 A JP 16170681A JP S6160544 B2 JPS6160544 B2 JP S6160544B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- air
- outlet side
- battery
- supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0213—Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はマトリツクス型燃料電池に係り、特に
電極反応の均一化を図ると共に電池の冷却性能を
向上することを目的とする。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a matrix type fuel cell, and in particular aims to make electrode reactions uniform and improve the cooling performance of the cell.
この種電池は第１図に示すように水素極、空気
極及びこれら極間に介在する電解液保持マトリツ
クス（いずれも図示せず）よりなる単位セル１
と、両面に互に交錯する方向に水素供給溝２及び
空気供給溝３を配列した炭素質ガス分離板４とを
交互に積重し、且４〜５セル毎に空気通路５を有
する冷却板６を介在させて電池スタツクＳを構成
する。このスタツクの対向側面には、第２図に示
すように夫々水素供給用の一対のマニホルド７，
７′及び空気供給用の一対のマニホルド８，８′が
取付けられ、これらマニホルド７，７′及び８，
８′を介して、水素及び空気が夫々のガス供給溝
２及び３に送られ、電解質マトリツクスを介して
電池反応にあづかる。 As shown in FIG. 1, this type of battery consists of a unit cell 1 consisting of a hydrogen electrode, an air electrode, and an electrolyte holding matrix (none of which are shown) interposed between these electrodes.
and a carbonaceous gas separation plate 4 in which hydrogen supply grooves 2 and air supply grooves 3 are arranged in intersecting directions on both sides are stacked alternately, and the cooling plate has air passages 5 for every 4 to 5 cells. A battery stack S is constructed by interposing the battery stack S. As shown in FIG. 2, on opposite sides of this stack are a pair of manifolds 7 for hydrogen supply, respectively.
7' and a pair of manifolds 8, 8' for air supply are attached, and these manifolds 7, 7' and 8,
Via 8', hydrogen and air are sent to the respective gas feed channels 2 and 3 and participate in the cell reaction via the electrolyte matrix.
さて電池に供給される水素は、通常メタノール
や天然ガスを原燃料とし、これを改質するため、
炭素ガスを含んでおり、その流量は反応必要量の
1.2〜1.5倍程度である。 Now, the hydrogen supplied to the battery is usually made from methanol or natural gas, which is then reformed.
Contains carbon gas, whose flow rate is equal to the amount required for the reaction.
It is about 1.2 to 1.5 times.
一方電池に供給される空気も反応ガスとしての
O2以外に多量のN2を含んでおり、冷却板を用い
た場合その流量は反応必要量の約10倍程度でその
大部分約75％は冷却板６の空気通路５を流れる。 On the other hand, the air supplied to the battery also acts as a reactive gas.
It contains a large amount of N 2 in addition to O 2 , and when a cooling plate is used, the flow rate is about 10 times the amount required for the reaction, and most of it, about 75%, flows through the air passage 5 of the cooling plate 6 .
このような水素・空気を電池に供給すれば、各
供給溝２及び３より水素極及び空気極に拡散して
反応するが、この反応により供給ガスの有効成分
（H2及びO2）の分圧（濃度）は供給溝２及び３の
入口側から出口側に向つて低下する。従つて電極
反応は入口側と出口側で不均一となり電極特性を
劣化される一原因となつていた。 If such hydrogen and air are supplied to the battery, they will diffuse into the hydrogen electrode and the air electrode from each supply groove 2 and 3 and react, but this reaction will cause the effective components (H 2 and O 2 ) of the supplied gas to be separated. The pressure (concentration) decreases from the inlet side to the outlet side of the supply grooves 2 and 3. Therefore, the electrode reaction becomes non-uniform between the inlet and outlet sides, which is one of the causes of deterioration of electrode characteristics.
従来これを防止するために、出口側マニホルド
７′及び８′の導出管９′及び１０′を、入口側マニ
ホルド７及び８の導入管９及び１０より縮径（空
気用の場合断面積で約1/2）し、出口側マニホル
ド７′及び８′内の圧力を増大して各供給溝２及び
３の出口側から圧力をかけ、反応ガスの濃度低下
をこの圧力増大に従つて、ガス極背面からの拡散
性向上によつて補償する方法がとられていた。 Conventionally, in order to prevent this, the outlet pipes 9' and 10' of the outlet side manifolds 7' and 8' were made smaller in diameter than the inlet pipes 9 and 10 of the inlet side manifolds 7 and 8 (for air, the cross-sectional area was approximately 1/2), the pressure in the outlet side manifolds 7' and 8' is increased, pressure is applied from the outlet side of each supply groove 2 and 3, and the concentration of the reaction gas decreases as the pressure increases. A method of compensation has been taken by improving diffusivity from the back side.
この方法によれば、供給ガスの円滑な流れを阻
害すると共に流量が低下し、特に空気の場合、冷
却板に流れる空気量の低下により、電地の冷却が
充分に行われないという問題があつた。 According to this method, the smooth flow of the supply gas is obstructed and the flow rate is reduced, and in the case of air in particular, there is a problem that the electric ground cannot be cooled sufficiently due to a decrease in the amount of air flowing to the cooling plate. Ta.
本発明はこのような問題点をガス分離板のガス
供給溝を改良することにより解決するもので、以
下図について説明する。 The present invention solves these problems by improving the gas supply grooves of the gas separation plate, and will be explained below with reference to the drawings.
従来のガス分離板４のガス供給溝２及び３は第
３図に示すように入口から出口まで同一断面積で
あるが、本発明のガス供給溝２及び３は第４図に
示すように遮蔽片２′及び３′を形設して出口側を
絞る構成とした。 The gas supply grooves 2 and 3 of the conventional gas separation plate 4 have the same cross-sectional area from the inlet to the outlet as shown in FIG. 3, but the gas supply grooves 2 and 3 of the present invention are shielded as shown in FIG. The pieces 2' and 3' are formed to narrow the outlet side.
この遮蔽片２′，３′の存在により、出口側から
各供給溝に圧力（背圧）がかかるので、反応ガス
の入口側から出口側に至る濃度低下をこの圧力上
昇によるガス極背面からの反応ガスの拡散性向上
によつて補償され、電極反応を入口側から出口側
に亘つて略均一化することができる。 Due to the presence of these shielding pieces 2' and 3', pressure (back pressure) is applied to each supply groove from the outlet side, so the concentration drop from the inlet side to the outlet side of the reactant gas is reduced from the back side of the gas pole due to this pressure increase. This is compensated for by the improved diffusivity of the reaction gas, and the electrode reaction can be made substantially uniform from the inlet side to the outlet side.
このように本発明ではガス供給溝で背圧を得る
ようにしているので、従来のようにマニホルド
７′及び８′の出口部分９′及び１０′を絞る必要が
全くなくなり、円滑なガス流が得られ、特に冷却
板６の通路５を通過する空気量が増大して冷却効
果も向上する。 In this way, in the present invention, back pressure is obtained in the gas supply groove, so there is no need to throttle the outlet portions 9' and 10' of the manifolds 7' and 8' as in the conventional case, and a smooth gas flow is achieved. In particular, the amount of air passing through the passages 5 of the cooling plate 6 is increased, and the cooling effect is also improved.
以上の如く本発明によれば、電池への供給ガス
として夫々CO2を含む改質水素及び空気（N2含有
80％）を用いる場合、ガス供給溝の出口側を遮蔽
片で絞るという簡単な変更により、マニホルドの
出口側を絞る必要がなくなり、電極反応を入口側
から出口側に亘つて略均一化し得ると共に空気流
による冷却効果を向上し得るなど、電池特性の改
善に資するものである。 As described above, according to the present invention, reformed hydrogen containing CO 2 and air (containing N 2 ) are used as supply gases to the battery.
80%), the simple change of constricting the outlet side of the gas supply groove with a shielding piece eliminates the need to constrict the outlet side of the manifold, making it possible to make the electrode reaction approximately uniform from the inlet side to the outlet side. This contributes to improving battery characteristics, such as by improving the cooling effect of air flow.
第１図は本発明の対象とする電池スタツクの斜
面図、第２図は同上の完成電池の平面図、第３図
は従来のガス分離板の斜面図、第４図イ，ロは、
本発明によるガス分離板の表面及び裏面から見た
斜面図、第５図は本発明による完成電池の平面図
である。
Ｓ……電池スタツク、１……単位セル、２，３
……水素及び空気の供給溝、２′，３′……出口遮
蔽片、４……ガス分離板、５……空気通路、６…
…冷却板、７，７′……水素供給用マニホルド、
８，８′……空気供給用マニホルド。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery stack to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the completed battery as above, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a conventional gas separation plate, and FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the gas separation plate according to the present invention as seen from the front and back sides, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of a completed battery according to the present invention. S...Battery stack, 1...Unit cell, 2,3
...Hydrogen and air supply groove, 2', 3'...Outlet shielding piece, 4...Gas separation plate, 5...Air passage, 6...
...Cooling plate, 7,7'...Hydrogen supply manifold,
8, 8'...Air supply manifold.
Claims (1)
る電池スタツクと、前記スタツクの対向側面に取
付けられて前記分離板の各反応ガス供給溝に連通
するマニホルドとを備えた燃料電池において、前
記各ガス供給溝にその出口側を絞る遮蔽部を形設
したことを特徴とする燃料電池。1. A fuel cell comprising a battery stack formed by stacking unit cells and gas separation plates alternately, and a manifold attached to an opposite side of the stack and communicating with each reaction gas supply groove of the separation plate, A fuel cell characterized in that each of the gas supply grooves is provided with a shielding part that restricts the outlet side thereof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56161706A JPS5861577A (en) | 1981-10-08 | 1981-10-08 | Fuel system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56161706A JPS5861577A (en) | 1981-10-08 | 1981-10-08 | Fuel system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5861577A JPS5861577A (en) | 1983-04-12 |
| JPS6160544B2 true JPS6160544B2 (en) | 1986-12-22 |
Family
ID=15740323
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56161706A Granted JPS5861577A (en) | 1981-10-08 | 1981-10-08 | Fuel system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5861577A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58144761U (en) * | 1982-03-25 | 1983-09-29 | 関西電力株式会社 | Fuel cell |
| CA2228383A1 (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1997-02-20 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Device provided with an opening to regulate the flow of humidified gas streams of electrochemical fuel cells |
-
1981
- 1981-10-08 JP JP56161706A patent/JPS5861577A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5861577A (en) | 1983-04-12 |
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