JPS6162490A - Cloth inspection apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] In sewing machine sewing, two pieces of paper, synthetic resin,
The seam allowance of rubber, film, cloth, etc. (hereinafter referred to as "fabric") does not overlap properly, or there is insufficient seam allowance due to poor cutting, etc., and two pieces of cloth cannot be sewn together properly.
The stitching position may be incorrect, or the thread may become frayed from the seamed area and the seam may not be aligned properly, leaving the seam open, or the perforation may be completely out of line with the specified perforation line of the seamed area, causing the seam to become unstitched. Measures to prevent defects in sewing, where punctures occur at the so-called 6 seams (hereinafter referred to as punctures), are to improve the skills of seamstresses and warn them, or to strengthen inspections across the board. b. You can either manually pull the seam of each piece and inspect to find out whether there is a puncture or something that is likely to become a puncture (described below as an approximate patch), or you can do both by hand. There are 100 manual ways to detect a puncture.
Disadvantages include difficulty in detecting complete punctures, inefficiency and high cost, and lack of preventive measures. A simple method for detecting punctures using a mechanical device has been developed in which if a puncture occurs after all microswitches are used, the bar of the microswitch enters the punctured part and the microsinch is activated.

There are a wide variety of sewing patterns for sewn products, and no device has been developed that can easily and accurately detect punctures in response to all kinds of sewing patterns.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned manual drawbacks and eliminates any &I
It can be easily adapted to sewing machines, and will be used for complete automation of sewing in the future.

The present invention separates the sewing of all samples of a large number of sewn products in which the same pattern is to be sewn and the mass production team, and performs sample sewing in which one or several items are sewn normally, and then sewing the same pattern as the sample sewing. This method is used to measure and store necessary data by sewing samples of normal sewing methods, and to perform bank detection during mass production sewing. The change in the displacement part is measured together with the periodic signal of the needle movement of the sewing machine, and after being stored in the storage device, it is measured during mass production sewing.
Measure all the changes in the seam allowance that match the periodic signal, calculate data ~, compare and judge with the stored data, and based on predetermined condition values, if the condition values are not met, abnormal sewing, that is, puncture occurs. The purpose is to emit the necessary output as a precaution, notify the occurrence of a puncture, and prevent future occurrences. The structure of the present invention that achieves all of the above objects will be explained as follows.

Normally, when sewing clothing, a one-size lot consists of tens or hundreds of pieces, and when sewing industrial items such as shoes or paper bags, a single lot consists of thousands or tens of thousands of pieces. It has become.

In other words, it is normal to sew one piece of clothing and then sew the rest using the exact same pattern, and even for women's clothing, where patterns change most frequently, a single lot consists of several dozen pieces. Therefore, one or several pieces can be used as sample sewing.

Based on the data of the seamed portion (9) and the normal data, it is possible to accurately determine whether the subsequent mass-produced sewing is punctured or not. The cause of punctures is that the stitching position is incorrect or that the cut cloth, paper, synthetic resin, film, etc. is not cut to the correct size or shape. ■ A mouth is placed on the seam as a sign that a puncture or near-puncture has occurred. ■Seam allowance is insufficient. ■The stitching position is not accurate. (2) Phenomena such as changes in the thickness of the seamed portion compared to the normal case can be raised, and the present invention detects all of these symptoms using a seam allowance measurement sensor. The seam allowance measurement sensor uses an infrared ray and a photodiode, an infrared ray and a video camera, or a combination of an infrared ray and a video camera, or a fixed image pickup device to analyze changes in the bulk of the fabric in -1, double or triple sections as shadows through light from the surface. Either a sensor that can accurately analyze the overlapping state of the fabric that can be seen through, or a method that uses ultrasonic waves or a digital gauge to detect changes in the thickness of the cloth, or It is possible to use a combination of the two sensors mentioned above or a combination of various sensors. As a result, the four symptoms that indicate the occurrence of a puncture are: - Change in thickness and - Overlap of fabric at the seamed t part - before and after the occurrence of a bank, and - when compared to a normal seamed part. It is said that a change occurs, that is, a change in the seam allowance (
It can be summarized into two points α■, and by accurately measuring and analyzing using the two-point total seam allowance measurement sensor (α■), it is possible to accurately grasp the occurrence of a puncture. As a means of detecting an abnormality by comparing it with the normal seam allowance or thickness, if it is a simple seam, it can be accurately checked by a simple comparison at any fixed position of the sewn product, but with a complicated sewing pattern 7, In cases where the risk of punctures must be precisely checked, the changes in thickness and seam allowance can be determined by area, and the changes can be limited to a specific area and enlarged to understand the situation to increase accuracy, or It is possible to limit the setting to the constant part of all the conditional numerical values so as not to pass even the quantitative change of the condition, and by incorporating these into the program in advance, it can be easily operated and accuracy can be increased. Along with the seam allowance measurement sensor, the periodic sensor is attached to a device that drives or transmits the vertical movement of the sewing machine needle, such as a spindle or a flywheel that moves in synchronization with the sewing machine needle. The sewing machine sensor uses the vertical movement of the sewing machine needle as a synchronization signal, and uses the data obtained from the seam allowance measurement sensor during a cycle period or any fixed cycle as a lot number or division number when performing addition/subtraction calculations. be done. In other words, it is used as a lot number to find a fixed position in a fixed section where the area of the seam allowance obtained by the seam allowance measurement sensor is totaled, or in the case of fixed position measurement.

Table 1 shows the system configuration of the present invention. As a first step, data on the correct seam allowance area, position, thickness, or combination of the above-mentioned kings is measured by the seam allowance measurement sensor by sewing a sample of the target sewing product, and at the same time, periodic signal data is also measured by the periodic sensor. Both data processed by the calculation unit are stored in the sample seam allowance storage unit. Next, we move on to mass production sewing, and each sewn item in mass production is sewn on a sewing machine or during a separate inspection process, using a seam allowance measurement sensor and a periodic sensor to adjust the seam allowance according to the 7-term synchronization signal. Data is measured. The obtained data is computed by the arithmetic function unit and compared with already stored data for judgment. The sample sewing and the actual mass-produced sewing are not necessarily exactly the same, and there may be some errors, and since it is necessary to fit within the generally accepted sewing standards, all the numerical values of the judgment standards are taken into account. The condition value is corrected to the condition value, and the judgment is made based on the condition value. When a result equal to or greater than the condition value is obtained, output is output to notify that a puncture has occurred. This output is connected to a bank indicator lamp, an alarm, an automatic sewing machine stop device, a puncture position display labeling machine, etc. to completely prevent continuous punctures, or to clearly indicate the location of punctures and prevent punctures from occurring. It is fully effective in preventing all shipments.

An embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described below.

B) in Figure 1 shows the simplest example of the object to be sewn, consisting of two strips of cloth (1)'t. A perspective view of the upper and lower cloths being sewn together with a min-7 stitch (2) is shown.

(b) In the book shown in Figure 1, flat f1 is shown when the stitching in (a) is normal.
In the figure, (c) shows a plan view in which the lower part is punctured. In other words, when comparing (b) and (c), (b)
always has a constant seam allowance, and the seamed parts are all three times the thickness of the fabric, but (c) has a puncture and 7'C has a punctured part (7) c, the upper fabric does not fold in two and the outside It spreads out to become a single piece of cloth, and the bank part has the thickness of double cloth 9, and there is no seam allowance for the upper cloth.

As mentioned above, in the case of an extremely simple puncture caused by sewing, the seam allowance measurement sensor can measure the thickness using a digital gauge.

The third figure shows a perspective view of the sewing material shown in the first figure being measured by a seam allowance measurement sensor. The seam allowance measurement sensor can be installed as an accessory part of the sewing machine at the position immediately after the sewing machine needle finishes sewing, that is, near the sewing machine needle, or it can be installed as a measuring device in the inspection process separately, independent of the sewing machine. can.

In Figure 3, an infrared light emitter (5) emits all infrared light from above the sewing material, and a horizontally elongated photodiode or phototransistor below receives the shadow of the infrared light transmitted through the fabric. Due to the transmitted light, the triple layered part of the sewn product is the darkest, and the mold part is the brightest, which is projected onto the photodiode, and the shading makes it possible to grasp the internal overlapping situation that cannot be seen from the sewn surface of the fabric. be able to. Precision can be further improved by using soft X-rays as a light source instead of infrared rays, or by using a video camera or fixed image sensor that captures the received light as an image instead of a photodiode.

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a digital gauge (6) used as a seam allowance measurement sensor. This is a method that detects changes in the thickness of the fabric at the seamed part by inserting an iron rod into an electromagnetic coil.
In this method, an iron rod is used as a measurement rod, and the iron rod moves due to a slight change in thickness, and this rL is exchanged for a change in magnetic force, resulting in a total of 11i11. Digital gauges are used for multiple stitches, and the first gauge is set at the single part of the seam seam, the second gauge is set at the double part, and the third gauge is set within 1 to 2 mm from the seam allowance of the lower fabric.
Changes in seam allowance and thickness can be associated with the occurrence of punctures. Furthermore, when simply measuring with a digital gauge, regardless of whether or not the sewing is being done normally, the movement of the sewing material is erroneous, resulting in the measurement position being shifted, which often sends out an erroneous signal indicating the occurrence of a puncture. However, a sensor for checking the position of the sewn product is installed at both ends of all fabrics, or a seam allowance sensor is installed separately, and all information from two locations is analyzed based on all the periodic signals from the periodic sensor. , can prevent malfunctions. Therefore, the number of seam allowance measurement sensors and the combination of models can be arbitrarily determined.

Figure 2 shows an example of a sewing product that requires an accurate storage system. Figure 2 (a) shows the lower cloth with all the protrusions on the right side, and (b)
(A) shows the inner fabric to be sewn to match the convex part, and (C) is an example of sewing together. In the case of Figure 2, there are alternating single and double sections of the fabric in the measurement direction, that is, the vertical direction in the figure, and the seam allowance of the upper fabric is only in the center. Only the stitching in the center part is normal; other parts will signal a puncture.

According to the present invention, when sewing a sample, it is possible to determine through the cycle sensor how many cycle days, in other words, how many stitches or at what alpha position the fabric condition changes after the start of sewing, and then the seam allowance measurement sensor recognizes the double portion. Next, the position of the inner fabric is confirmed by a periodic sensor, and the seam allowance of the upper fabric only needs to be at the inner fabric position, but the seam allowance of the lower fabric is Both sensors measure what is required over the length, confirm that the stitching is normal, and memorize those cheaters. At the same time, corrections are made by setting the deviation in the position of the lining fabric and the allowable range for the seam allowance, setting the condition values, and starting the next mass production sewing. During mass-production sewing, measured values are compared with stored data and conditional values, and if, for example, the thickness of the inner fabric is measured at the position where the inner fabric should be, a puncture signal is issued.

Also, in an extreme example, it is not necessary that all of the inner fabric is sewn to the lower fabric, and if 70% of the inner fabric is sewn, it is determined that it is not considered a puncture, and the above-mentioned bank signal rough judgment is made as to whether or not 0% or more of the roughness has been sewn. By passing one line through one circuit, more than 70% can be judged as a pass line.

The present invention is not limited to sewing using a sewing machine, but is also applicable to the joining of paper, film, rubber, synthetic cross-stitching, wet suits, tent fabrics, etc. using ultrasonic waves or high-frequency waves, adhesives, etc. It is also possible to detect whether the product is good or bad.

In this case, is the synchronization signal the aforementioned detected object? All sensors are attached to the sending drive unit to detect synchronization signals.

As mentioned above, since it is possible to accurately perform complex sewing situations, it can be used for inspecting any item and not for other purposes. Therefore, since inspection is performed correctly for items ranging from simple items to complex items, inspection can be carried out reliably and labor-savingly. In addition, since manual inspection is done by looking at the surface or pulling it out, it is possible to detect obvious punctures, but it is absolutely certain that there are near-punctures such as missing seam allowances or abnormal folds inside the seams. Although it is difficult to detect, the present invention allows for approximately 100%
% punctures and near punctures can be detected. Conventionally, increasing the detection accuracy tends to cause malfunctions, and due to the high number of malfunctions, the inspection equipment is unreliable and relies on manual labor.However, with the present invention, the sewing situation can be detected using periodic sensors. (If necessary, multiple cycles of periodic sensors can be used to measure every stitch with a full time lag, allowing inspection to be done every few minutes.)
It is measured by the measurement sensor, and then it is divided into parts and compared with the whole.
Even if all abnormal signals are detected due to a loose thread getting stuck in, wrinkles, or other causes, the result will not be an immediate signal indicating that a puncture has occurred. Accidental abnormal signals that do not cause a puncture are eliminated from the program and stem Vc of a determination device consisting of a sample seam allowance storage unit, an arithmetic function unit, and a determination unit, and only signals that truly cause a puncture are compared and determined. This method prevents malfunctions. Paper, film, fabric, etc. are stiff and soft, making it difficult to detect them using mechanical detection methods, which can cause wrinkles and scratches on the item. The present invention minimizes the method of measuring by directly applying a slight pressure to the object to be inspected, and performs the measurement process using shadows or images produced by light projection, so it does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks and can be detected with extremely simple handling.

Therefore, the present invention has the following effects. That is, (1) the puncture detection is not performed manually, and there is an effect of highly accurate puncture detection that cannot be achieved manually.

■ By using a memory method based on sample sewing, it is possible to input the basic data of the judgment criteria very easily without having to input all special data, thereby increasing the detection effect.

. ■ By using periodic signals, accurate measurements can be made regardless of sewing speed, and false alarms are extremely rare.

■ Since all periodic signals are used, it can be measured regardless of the sewing machine speed, and can be used for regular foot-stitch sewing or general sewing methods such as sewing slowly at beginnings and complicated parts, and sewing quickly at easy parts. It is possible and highly versatile.

- In addition to detecting dipunks, it can also be used to detect defects in seam lines, defects in folded parts, etc., depending on the method of setting condition values, measurement positions, and judgment methods.

■ Automation of sewing It is possible to automatically detect punctures, which is extremely important in sewing automation, and can greatly contribute to the automation of sewing.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 - Table/Stem configuration representation)
Perspective view of stitching (B) Plan view of normal stitching (C) Plan view of defective stitching Figure 2 (A) Convex fabric plane) 2 (B) Direction Fabric plane force ρra (A) Plan view of fabric stitching of (B) Figure 3 Optical sensor set seam allowance detector @ Zenibako Figure 4 Digital gauge type seam allowance detector story) 11, Fabric 2 Sewing machine seam 3 Seam allowance 4 Photodiode (horizontal type) 5 Infrared emitter 6 Digital gauge 7 Puncture part O diagram manual reading supplementary LE mouth (bear) Showa//I month 7th

Claims (1)

[Claims] Measures changes in the area and position of seam allowances or changes in thickness of seamed parts in seamed parts of paper, synthetic resin, rubber, film, cloth, etc. (hereinafter referred to as fabric) A sensor device consisting of a seam allowance measurement sensor and a synchronization sensor that detects a signal of any state of the drive movement of the sewing machine needle as a synchronization signal, and a sample seam allowance storage unit that stores data measured by the sensor device. a determination device comprising: a calculation unit that performs arithmetic processing on the measured data at arbitrary intervals; a determination unit that compares and determines the stored data with the data measured while measuring mass-produced sewing; Consisting of a sensor device and two devices, it separates the sewing object into a sample sewing object and a mass-produced sewing object, and detects the normally sewn sample sewing object during the sewing or inspection process using a seam allowance measurement sensor and a synchronization sensor. The normal changes in the seam allowance and/or the changes in the thickness of the seamed part are stored in the storage unit through the , and then the mass-produced sewing product is sewn or inspected, and the data is obtained from the mass-produced product through the sensor device. The measured data is compared with the stored data, and if data that does not meet a predetermined condition is detected, it emits an electrical output to indicate that the seamed part of the fabric is punctured or has a defective seam that is close to a puncture. Fabric inspection device that reports.