JPS62276372A - Intermittent operation type heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 3. Detailed Description of the Invention Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an intermittent operating heat pump device driven by factory waste heat or the like.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In general, zeolites or metal hydrides are used as working substances for intermittent heat pumps, and the working gas that reacts with these working substances is water for the former and hydrogen for the latter. Here, a conventional example of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride will be explained.

Metal hydrides, represented by TiMn alloys, absorb hydrogen gas and perform an exothermic reaction under certain temperature and pressure conditions, and release hydrogen gas and perform an endothermic reaction under other temperature and pressure conditions. . Utilizing the above-mentioned properties of metal hydrides, the reaction heat generated when metal hydrides react with hydrogen is extracted to the outside by heat exchange with an appropriate heat medium and is used for heating and hot water supply when hot heat is generated, and for cooling when cold heat is generated. It can be used for any purpose. Using three types of alloys with different hydrogen storage equilibrium pressures, we combined the high-temperature alloy and the low-temperature alloy to create the first
A second cycle is formed by combining a medium-temperature alloy and a low-temperature alloy, and the first cycle is heated and driven by high-temperature gas, and the second cycle is the same as the first cycle. FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional configuration of a dual-effect, intermittent-operating heat pump device driven by waste heat.

High temperature alloy (hereinafter referred to as MH) 1 and low temperature alloy (M
H3) 2 is a metal hydride storage container 3 as shown in FIG.
In particular, the metal hydride storage container 3 is divided into a plurality of tubular containers. The metal hydride containers 3 and 4 are connected by a hydrogen conduit 6 to form a first cycle. A valve 6 is provided in the middle of the conduit 5. The metal hydride storage container 3 divided into a plurality of parts is installed in the high temperature gas passage γ and is heated by the high temperature gas 8. Further, inside each of the divided containers 3, a heat medium circulation passage 9 is provided for exchanging and extracting the sensible heat of MH and the reaction heat when storing hydrogen to the outside. The heat medium circulation flow path 9 is a single pipe in the part where the container 3 is circulated, and in other parts, it is branched into a plurality of pipes depending on the number of divisions of the container 30, and the flow path in the branched part is The pipe diameter and length of No. 9 are uniform.

On the other hand, the second cycle is composed of a medium-temperature alloy (MH2) and a low-temperature alloy MH3' (the alloy composition is the same, but the width is set to M to distinguish it from MH3 of the first cycle). MH2 and MH3' are filled in metal hydride storage containers 12 and 13, respectively, and these containers are communicated by a hydrogen conduit 14, with a hydrogen valve 1 installed in the middle of the conduit 14.
5 is provided.

A heat medium circulation flow path 9 is provided inside the metal hydride storage container 12, and MH2 is generated by the sensible heat of the first cycle MH carried by the heat medium and the reaction heat during hydrogen storage.
is heated, the temperature of MH2 and the storage container 12 is increased, and hydrogen is released. Note that the heat medium circulation channel 9 is provided with a pump 16 and a valve 17.

Metal hydride storage containers 4 and 13 contain metal hydride M.
Water flow path 1 for extracting the reaction heat when H and M H3' react with hydrogen to the outside to obtain hot output and cold output
8 and 19 are provided inside.

Now, consider the case where hydrogen is transferred from MW to MH3 in the first system. Before the start of hydrogen transfer, MH, is in a state where the amount of hydrogen stored is larger than Ml (,.MHL is heated to a high temperature by high temperature gas 8, and the hydrogen equilibrium pressure becomes higher than that of MH5, and valve 6 is closed. By opening, hydrogen moves from MHL to MH5.At this time, MH5
absorbs hydrogen, causing an exothermic reaction and the generated heat is taken out to the outside by water flowing through the water flow path 16. Here, when the metal hydride storage container 3 is heated by the high-temperature gas, the temperature of the MHL in the front row closest to the high-temperature gas 8 is the highest, and the high-temperature gas is The temperature of MH 8 decreases, and the decrease in temperature causes a decrease in the flow rate of high-temperature gas, which, combined with a decrease in the gas side heat transfer coefficient, causes the temperature of MH to decrease toward the rear row. Note that while the MH is being heated by the high temperature gas 8, the pump 16 is stopped and the valve 17 is closed.

When the reaction of transferring hydrogen from MHL to MH3 is completed, the valve 6 is closed, the valve 17 is opened, and the heat medium is sent to the metal hydride storage container 3 by the pump 16, and the MH,
The sensible heat is exchanged with the heat medium.

As a result, the temperature of MHL decreases, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure decreases, and when valve 6 is opened, hydrogen moves from MH3 to MH. At this time, MH5 releases hydrogen, resulting in an endothermic reaction, and cold heat can be extracted to the outside through the water flow path 18. On the other hand, the sensible heat of MH, and MH.

The heat of reaction when hydrogen is occluded is carried by the heating medium to MH2 in the second cycle, and is consumed as heat of reaction when the temperature of MH2 and the container 12 increases, and when hydrogen is released from MH2 to MH3. In the metal hydride storage container 3, the flow of the heat medium in the heat medium flow path 9 is in a two-phase state in which liquid and gas are mixed, and in the heat medium flow path 9 where the temperature of MH is high, the heat medium is boiled. Since this is promoted, the gas phase portion is large, and the gas phase portion is small in areas where the temperature of MH is low.

In general, in two-phase flow, the shape of the pipe (e.g.
If the pipe diameter and pipe length are the same, the flow resistance increases as the gas phase increases for the same weight flow rate. Therefore, the flow resistance in the container 3 portion where the temperature of MH1 is high is increased, and the flow resistance is reduced in the portion of the container 3 where the temperature of MH is low. Since the heat medium circulation flow path 9 is branched in parallel to the divided metal hydride storage container 3, the M
More heat medium is circulated to the heat medium circulation flow path 9 in the lower temperature part than in the high temperature part of H.

Once unevenness occurs in the circulation of the medium, the temperature of the low-temperature portion of the MH1 decreases more and more, while the temperature of the high-temperature portion of the MH does not decrease, and the temperature difference continues to widen. As a result, the sensible heat in the high temperature part of MH, is not transferred to MH2, and the temperature of MH, does not fall, so
It is no longer possible to store hydrogen from s, and the amount of hydrogen transferred from MH2 and MH3 decreases. Therefore, the heat and cold output that can be taken out to the outside is reduced.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, when a plurality of divided working substance containers are heated by high temperature gas and the working gas is released, a temperature distribution occurs between the working substance containers. After the release of the working gas is completed, when attempting to lower the temperature of the working substance and the working substance storage container by circulating the heating medium through the working substance storage container that has a temperature distribution, the temperature distribution may occur in multiple heating medium flow paths. This creates a difference in flow resistance, which results in uneven heating medium circulation flow rates, which prevents the temperature of the high-temperature working material from being lowered in the container, resulting in a reduction in the amount of working gas movement and, in turn, a reduction in heating or cooling output. .

Means for Solving the Problems As described above, the present invention has a method in which a plurality of containers containing a working substance or a working gas are communicated with each other and the working gas is transferred between them, so that when the working substance reacts with the working gas, In an intermittent-operating heat pump device that utilizes the reaction heat of water for heating and hot water supply (or cooling), at least one working substance storage container is provided with a plurality of heat medium circulation channels having different pipe lengths.

Effect: With the above-described configuration, the present invention can uniformly lower the temperature of the working substance storage container, which is divided into a plurality of parts with temperature distribution caused by heating with high-temperature gas, increasing the amount of working gas movement, and reducing the heating and cooling output. Improvements can be made.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride according to an embodiment of the present invention.

High temperature alloy (hereinafter referred to as MH) 1 and low temperature alloy (M
H5) 2 is a metal hydride storage container 3 as shown in FIG.
In particular, the metal hydride storage container 3 is divided into a plurality of tubular containers. The metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are communicated with each other by a hydrogen conduit 5.
form a cycle of A valve etc. is provided in the middle of the conduit 5. The metal hydride storage container 3, which is divided into a plurality of parts, is installed in a high-temperature gas passage 7 and is heated by a high-temperature gas 8. Further, a heat medium circulation channel 9 is provided for exchanging the sensible heat of the interior KJjMH of each of the divided containers 3 and the reaction heat when storing hydrogen and taking it out to the outside.

In addition, the heat medium circulation flow path 9 is a single pipe in the part where it circulates through the container 3, but is branched into a plurality of pipes depending on the number of divisions of the container 3, and the flow path in the branched part is 9
The pipe diameter is uniform, but the pipe lengths are different; the flow path 9 corresponding to the metal hydride container 3 in the front row closest to the high temperature gas 8 is the shortest, and the pipe length varies according to the flow direction of the high temperature gas 8. becomes longer.

On the other hand, the second cycle is composed of a medium-temperature alloy (MH2) and a low-temperature alloy MH5' (the alloy composition is the same, but it is called MH3' to distinguish it from MH5 of the first cycle). MH2 and MH3' are filled in metal hydride containers 12 and 13, respectively, and these containers are communicated through a hydrogen conduit 14, with a hydrogen valve 15 provided in the middle of the conduit 14.

A heat medium circulation flow path 9 is provided inside the metal hydride storage container 12, and MH2 is generated by the sensible heat of the first cycle MH carried by the heat medium and the reaction heat during hydrogen storage.
is heated, the temperature of MH2 and the storage container 12 is increased, and hydrogen is released. Note that the heat medium circulation channel 9 is provided with a pump 16 and a pulp 17 .

Metal hydride storage containers 4 and 13 contain metal hydride M.
Water passages 18 and 19 are provided inside for extracting the reaction heat when H3 and MHL react with hydrogen to the outside to obtain hot output and cold output.

Now, consider the case where hydrogen is transferred to MH in the first system. Before the start of hydrogen transfer, MHL is in a state where it has a larger amount of hydrogen storage than MH3. MH, is heated to a high temperature by the high temperature gas 8, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure becomes higher than that of MH3, and hydrogen moves from MH, to MH5 by opening the pulp 6. At this time, since MH3 absorbs hydrogen, an exothermic reaction occurs and the generated heat is taken out to the outside by water flowing through the water flow path 16. When the metal hydride storage container 3 is heated by the high-temperature gas 8, the temperature of the MH in the front row closest to the high-temperature gas 8 is the highest, and the temperature increases due to heat exchange with the MHL according to the flow direction of the high-temperature gas 8. The temperature of the gas 8 decreases, and the decrease in temperature causes a decrease in the flow rate of high-temperature gas, and the gas side heat transfer coefficient decreases, and the temperature of the MH decreases toward the rear row.

Note that while the MH is being heated by the high temperature gas 8, the pump 16 is stopped and the pulp 17 is closed.

When the reaction of transferring hydrogen from MHL to MH5 is completed, the pulp 6 is closed, the pulp 17 is opened, and the heat medium is sent to the metal hydride container 3 by the pump 16, and the sensible heat of MH is exchanged with the heat medium. let

As a result, the temperature of Ml decreases, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure decreases, and when the pulp 6 is opened, hydrogen moves from MH3 to MHL. At this time, MH5 releases hydrogen, resulting in an endothermic reaction, and cold heat can be extracted to the outside through the water flow path 18. On the other hand, the sensible heat of MH, and the reaction heat when MHL absorbs hydrogen are transferred to MH2 in the second cycle by the heating medium.
The temperature of MH2 and the storage container 12 increases, and the MH
It is consumed as reaction heat when hydrogen is released from 2 to MH3'. In the metal hydride storage container 3, the flow of the heat medium in the heat medium flow path 9 is in a two-phase state in which liquid and gas are mixed, and in the heat medium flow path 9 where the temperature of MH is high, the heat medium is boiled. Since this is promoted, the gas phase portion is large, and the gas phase portion is small in areas where the temperature of MH is low.

In general, in two-phase flow, the shape of the pipe (e.g.
If the pipe diameter and pipe length are the same, the flow resistance increases as the gas phase increases for the same weight flow rate. However, as shown in FIG. 1, the length of the flow path 9 in the portion where the temperature of MH, is high is short, and the length of the flow path 9 in the portion where the temperature of MHl is low is longer, and the temperature and the tube length of the flow path 9 are shorter. Since the diameter is configured to be inversely proportional, the flow resistance of the high temperature portion of the MHL can be lowered to the same level as or lower than the other low temperature portion. Therefore, a large flow of heat medium is flowed into the container 3 with a high temperature of MH, to greatly lower the temperature, and a flow of heat medium with a flow of . As a result, the final KMH temperature can be made uniform at a low temperature by suppressing the drop.
The sensible heat of the MH and the metal hydride storage container 3 can be sufficiently transferred to the MH2 by the heat medium, and since the temperature of the MHL becomes uniformly low, the amount of hydrogen transferred from the MH3 increases, and the cooling output of the MH3 increases. increase. Furthermore, since the amount of hydrogen absorbed by MH increases, the heat of reaction increases, and the heat of reaction is transferred to MH2 in the second cycle by the heat medium.
The amount of hydrogen transferred from 2 to MH; increases, and the thermal output at MH3' increases.

Although the embodiments have been described above regarding an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride, the same can be applied to other operating materials such as zeolite.

Effects of the Invention As described above, in the present invention, it is possible to increase the thermal output and the cooling output.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a principle diagram of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using metal hydride in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a principle diagram of a conventional intermittent operation type heat pump device. 1.2,10,11...metal hydride, 3.4゜1
2.13...Metal hydride storage container, 5,14
...Hydrogen pipe, 8...High temperature gas, 9.
...Heat medium circulation channel. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person 2nd
figure

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of containers containing a working substance or a working gas that reacts with the working substance are communicated with each other so that the working gas moves between them, and the reaction heat when the working substance reacts with the working gas is used for heating and hot water supply. 1. An intermittent-operating heat pump device for use in cooling or air conditioning, characterized in that at least one of the working substance storage containers is provided with a plurality of heat medium circulation channels having different pipe lengths. (2) The length of the heat medium circulation channel is related to the temperature of the working substance near the channel, and the length of the channel where the temperature of the working substance is high is longer than the length of the channel where the temperature of the working substance is low. The intermittent operating heat pump device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pump device is short.