JPS6231907B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS6231907B2
JPS6231907B2 JP61022721A JP2272186A JPS6231907B2 JP S6231907 B2 JPS6231907 B2 JP S6231907B2 JP 61022721 A JP61022721 A JP 61022721A JP 2272186 A JP2272186 A JP 2272186A JP S6231907 B2 JPS6231907 B2 JP S6231907B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
medium
cysteine
freeze
culture
cells
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP61022721A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61282071A (en
Inventor
Kenichiro Takayama
Keiko Ochiai
Takeo Shigeoka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KH Neochem Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP61022721A priority Critical patent/JPS61282071A/en
Publication of JPS61282071A publication Critical patent/JPS61282071A/en
Publication of JPS6231907B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6231907B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は微生物とくにラクトバチルス・サンフ
ランシスコの培養法および凍結乾燥菌体の保存法
に関する。 ラクトバレチルス・サンフランシスコ
(Lactobacillus sanfrancisco)はサワードウ
(Sour dough)菌種として知られている。サワー
ドウ菌種はサワードウフランスパンの製造に使用
される有用な微生物であり、その培養技術、凍結
乾燥保存技術についてはアメリカ特許第3734743
号、同第3891773、同第4021581号各公報に開示さ
れている。 従来法によれば、サワードウ菌の培養に際して
は培地に新鮮な酵母エキス、すなわち新鮮な酵母
菌体の熱水抽出液を添加することが必須であり、
これは市販の酵母エキスなどで代替しえない。サ
ワードウ菌の培養液10すなわち乾燥菌体として
30〜50gを得る場合には新鮮な酵母菌体(パツク
重量)2Kgが必要である。新鮮酵母エキスの供給
を常時行うことは困難であるため新鮮酵母エキス
に代替でき常時供給することができる物質があれ
ば工業的に有利である。 本発明者らは、L−システインが新鮮酵母エキ
スに代替できることを見出した。L−システイン
は工業的に安価に供給できるアミノ酸である。 またサワードウ菌は常時供給するためには凍結
乾燥保存法を利用することが便利である。 従来微生物菌体の凍結乾燥には保護物質として
脱脂乳や血清などの高分子物質やグルタミン酸な
どのアミノ酸、グルコース、シユークロースなど
の糖類を用いることが知られている。サワードウ
菌についてはアメリカ特許4021581号公報にグリ
セロール、脱脂乳、シユークロース、不飽和脂肪
酸、グルタミン酸モノナトリウムなどを用いる凍
結方法が開示されている。 本発明者らはサワードウ菌の凍結乾燥保存に際
する保存性をさらに高めるために種々研究を行つ
た結果、従来の脱脂乳とグルタミン酸モノナトリ
ウムの他にマルトーズを加えて用いれば保存性が
顕著に高められることを見出した。 以下本発明を詳細に説明する。 本発明における微生物の培養はラクトバチル
ス・サンフランシスコに属する菌株を炭素源、窒
素源、無機栄養素その他の栄養素にさらにL−シ
ステインあるいはL−システイン含有物を存在さ
せて培養することによつて行われる。 使用する菌株はラクトバチルス・サンフランシ
スコに属する菌株であればいかなる菌株をも用い
ることができる。具体的にはラクトバチルス・サ
ンフランシスコKY3689(微工研菌寄第4466号)
があげられる。ラクトバチルス・サンフランシス
コの菌学的性質についてはApplied
Microbiology Vol.21、No.3、p.459−465、1971
に記載がある。 培地の炭素源としてはマルトーズなどが、窒素
源としては、ペプトン、酵母エキス、コーンスチ
ープリカー、カゼイン加水分解などの有機窒素源
が、無機栄養素としては硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸
マンガン、第一リン酸ナトリウム、第二リン酸ナ
トリウム、硫酸第一鉄などが用いられる。ラクト
バチルス・サンフランシスコは生育に不飽和脂肪
酸を要求するので培地にはオレフイン酸、リノー
ル酸、リノレン酸、リシノール酸またはそれらの
ナトリウム塩あるいはカルシウム塩またはオリー
ブ油、綿実油、アマニ油、大豆油、ベニバナ油、
とうもろこし油などを加える。その他不飽和脂肪
酸と糖または多価アルコールの部分エステルたと
えばシヨ糖モノオレエート、シヨ糖ジオレエー
ト、グリセリンモノオレエート、エチレングリコ
ールモノオレエート、ペンタエリトリツトモノリ
ノレエート、マンニツトモノオレエート、ソルビ
タンモノオレエート、ソルビタンポリオキシエチ
レンモノオレエート、ポリオキシエチレンモノオ
レエートなどが使用できる。 培地中のL−システインあるいはL−システイ
ン含有物の含量はL−システインとして100〜500
mg/で良い培養結果が得られる。L−システイ
ン含有物としてはカザミノ酸などがあげられる。 培養は水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、ア
ンモニア水などによつて培地のPHを5.0以上に調
整しつつ25〜35℃、好ましくは約28〜32℃で定常
期の初期まで行う。 培養後培養物を遠心分離処理して菌体を集め、
次の凍結乾燥処理に供する。 本発明における凍結乾燥処理は次のごとく行
う。 上記のごとく集めた菌体を生理食塩水にて洗浄
するかせずして脱脂乳10〜30%、グルタミン酸モ
ノナトリウム1〜3%、マルトーズ0.5〜9%か
らなる分散媒に109〜1011細胞/mlの濃度で懸濁
させる。懸濁液を−25℃〜−70℃で凍結後、室温
にて乾燥を行い、品温25〜30℃に仕上げる。 かくして得られる乾燥菌体はビニール製の袋な
どに入れ、真空包装機で熔封して0〜10℃で保存
を行うとよい。 本発明方法で得られた凍結乾燥菌体の凍結乾燥
時の生残率は70%以上、5℃に6ケ月保存を行つ
た後の生残率は貯蔵開始時の60%以上であつた。
マルトーズを用いない場合の数値はそれぞれ20
%、25%であつた。 本発明によりラクトバチルス・サンフランシス
コの生産コストは著しく軽減され、また保存も容
易になつたのでサワードウパン製造が工業的に非
常に有利になつた。 実施例 1 ラクトバチルス・サンフランシスコKY3689を
マルトーズ40g/、ペプトン10g/、酵母エ
キス15g/、MgSO4・7H2O200mg/、
MnSO4・4H2O40mg/、ツイーン80(界面活性
剤ソルビタンモノオレートの商品名、関東化学社
製)300mg/、L−システイン300mg/、寒天
20g/からなる斜面培地(殺菌前PH5.6)に30
℃で24時間培養する。この菌体一白金耳を、上記
培地から寒天を除いた液体培地(種培地)150ml
を含む300ml容エルレンマイヤーフラスコに植菌
し、30℃、70rpmで15時間往復振盪培養を行つ
た。この種培養液を種培地と同じ組成の培地3
を含む5ジヤーフアーメンターに移し培養を行
つた。培養は300rpmで撹拌し、3N KOHでPHを
5付近に調整しながら30℃で15時間行つた。培養
終了後の菌体濃度は乾燥菌体として3.8g/で
あつた。 この培養液1を5000rpmで、20分間遠心分離
して得られる菌体を脱脂乳10g/dl、グルタミン
酸モノナトリウム1g/dl、マルトーズ1g/dl
を含む分散媒300mlに懸濁し、−30℃で凍結後、16
時間乾燥し、最終品温30℃で仕上げ凍結乾燥菌体
36gを得た。生残率は凍結乾燥前の生菌数に対し
72%であつた。 この凍結乾燥菌体をビニール袋に分入し、真空
包装機で熔封後5℃で保存した。保存6ケ月後の
生残率は凍結乾燥開始時に比べて80%であつた。 実施例 2 実施例1において、培地中のL−システインの
量を0〜800mg/にするか、またはL−システ
インに代えて新鮮酵母エキスを添加して培養する
以外は実施例1と同様に行い第1表の結果を得
た。なお新鮮酵母エキスは、パン酵母を常法で培
養して得られる新鮮パン酵母を200g/の濃度
で水に懸濁し、120℃で30分間オートクレーブに
かけ、5℃に12時間放置後5000rpmで20分間遠心
分離を行い、その上清液を用いて培地成分を溶解
した。
The present invention relates to a method for culturing microorganisms, particularly Lactobacillus sanfrancisco, and a method for preserving freeze-dried bacterial cells. Lactobacillus sanfrancisco is known as a sour dough strain. Sourdough bacteria is a useful microorganism used in the production of sourdough French bread, and its culture and freeze-drying preservation techniques are covered in U.S. Patent No. 3734743.
No. 3891773 and No. 4021581. According to the conventional method, when culturing sourdough bacteria, it is essential to add fresh yeast extract, that is, a hot water extract of fresh yeast cells, to the medium.
This cannot be replaced with commercially available yeast extract. Sourdough culture solution 10 i.e. as dried bacterial cells
To obtain 30 to 50 g, 2 kg of fresh yeast cells (pack weight) is required. Since it is difficult to constantly supply fresh yeast extract, it would be industrially advantageous if there was a substance that could be substituted for fresh yeast extract and could be constantly supplied. The present inventors have discovered that L-cysteine can be substituted for fresh yeast extract. L-cysteine is an amino acid that can be supplied industrially at low cost. In addition, in order to constantly supply sourdough bacteria, it is convenient to use a freeze-drying preservation method. Conventionally, it has been known to use macromolecular substances such as skim milk and serum, amino acids such as glutamic acid, and sugars such as glucose and sucrose as protective substances in the freeze-drying of microbial cells. Regarding sourdough bacteria, US Pat. No. 4,021,581 discloses a freezing method using glycerol, skim milk, sucrose, unsaturated fatty acids, monosodium glutamate, etc. The present inventors conducted various studies to further improve the preservability of sourdough bacteria during freeze-drying storage, and found that the preservability was significantly improved by adding maltose to conventional skim milk and monosodium glutamate. I found that it can be improved. The present invention will be explained in detail below. The microorganism in the present invention is cultured by culturing a strain belonging to Lactobacillus San Francisco in the presence of a carbon source, a nitrogen source, inorganic nutrients and other nutrients, as well as L-cysteine or a substance containing L-cysteine. Any strain can be used as long as it belongs to Lactobacillus San Francisco. Specifically, Lactobacillus San Francisco KY3689 (Feikoken Bacteria No. 4466)
can be given. Applied for the mycological properties of Lactobacillus San Francisco
Microbiology Vol.21, No.3, p.459−465, 1971
There is a description in . Carbon sources for the culture medium include maltose, nitrogen sources include organic nitrogen sources such as peptone, yeast extract, corn steep liquor, and casein hydrolysis, and inorganic nutrients include magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, monobasic sodium phosphate, Dibasic sodium phosphate, ferrous sulfate, etc. are used. Lactobacillus San Francisco requires unsaturated fatty acids for growth, so the culture medium includes olefinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid or their sodium or calcium salts, olive oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, safflower oil,
Add corn oil etc. Other partial esters of unsaturated fatty acids and sugars or polyhydric alcohols, such as sucrose monooleate, sucrose dioleate, glycerin monooleate, ethylene glycol monooleate, pentaerythritol monooleate, mannite monooleate, sorbitan monooleate , sorbitan polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, etc. can be used. The content of L-cysteine or L-cysteine-containing substances in the medium is 100 to 500% as L-cysteine.
Good culture results can be obtained with mg/. Examples of L-cysteine-containing substances include casamino acids. The culture is carried out at 25 to 35°C, preferably about 28 to 32°C, until the early stationary phase, while adjusting the pH of the medium to 5.0 or higher using sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia, or the like. After culturing, the culture is centrifuged to collect the bacterial cells,
Subject to the next freeze-drying process. The freeze-drying process in the present invention is performed as follows. The bacterial cells collected as described above were washed with physiological saline, and 10 9 to 10 11 cells were placed in a dispersion medium consisting of 10 to 30% skim milk, 1 to 3% monosodium glutamate, and 0.5 to 9% maltose. Suspend at a concentration of /ml. After freezing the suspension at -25°C to -70°C, dry it at room temperature to reach a product temperature of 25 to 30°C. The dried bacterial cells thus obtained are preferably placed in a plastic bag, sealed with a vacuum packaging machine, and stored at 0 to 10°C. The survival rate of freeze-dried bacterial cells obtained by the method of the present invention during freeze-drying was 70% or more, and the survival rate after storage at 5° C. for 6 months was 60% or more at the start of storage.
Values without maltose are 20 each.
%, 25%. According to the present invention, the production cost of Lactobacillus sanfrancisco has been significantly reduced and storage has become easier, making sourdough bread production very industrially advantageous. Example 1 Lactobacillus San Francisco KY3689 was mixed with maltose 40g/, peptone 10g/, yeast extract 15g/, MgSO 4 7H 2 O 200mg/,
MnSO 4 4H 2 O 40mg/, Tween 80 (trade name of surfactant sorbitan monooleate, manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 300mg/, L-cysteine 300mg/, agar
30 g/slant culture medium (PH5.6 before sterilization) consisting of
Incubate for 24 hours at °C. A loopful of this bacterial cell was added to 150ml of a liquid medium (seed medium) obtained by removing the agar from the above medium.
The cells were inoculated into a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask containing the following, and cultured with reciprocal shaking at 30°C and 70 rpm for 15 hours. Transfer this seed culture solution to medium 3 with the same composition as the seed medium.
The cells were transferred to a 5-jar fermenter containing Culture was carried out at 30° C. for 15 hours while stirring at 300 rpm and adjusting the pH to around 5 with 3N KOH. The bacterial cell concentration after completion of the culture was 3.8 g/dry bacterial cell. This culture solution 1 was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 20 minutes, and the bacterial cells obtained were 10 g/dl of skim milk, 1 g/dl of monosodium glutamate, and 1 g/dl of maltose.
Suspended in 300 ml of dispersion medium containing
Freeze-dried bacterial cells are dried for several hours and finished at a final temperature of 30℃.
Obtained 36g. The survival rate is based on the number of viable bacteria before freeze-drying.
It was 72%. The freeze-dried cells were placed in plastic bags, sealed in a vacuum packaging machine, and stored at 5°C. The survival rate after 6 months of storage was 80% compared to the time at the start of freeze-drying. Example 2 The procedure was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of L-cysteine in the medium was adjusted to 0 to 800 mg/, or the culture was performed by adding fresh yeast extract instead of L-cysteine. The results shown in Table 1 were obtained. For fresh yeast extract, fresh baker's yeast obtained by culturing baker's yeast in a conventional manner is suspended in water at a concentration of 200g, autoclaved at 120℃ for 30 minutes, left at 5℃ for 12 hours, and then heated at 5000 rpm for 20 minutes. Centrifugation was performed, and the supernatant was used to dissolve the medium components.

【表】 実施例 3 実施例1において、凍結乾燥時のマルトーズを
下記第2表の糖に代えて行い、凍結乾燥品の保存
を真空デシケーター中5℃で行う以外は実施例1
と同様に行い、1ケ月、3ケ月、6ケ月後にサン
プリングして、生残率を調べた。結果を第2表に
示す。
[Table] Example 3 Same as Example 1 except that the maltose during freeze-drying was replaced with the sugars listed in Table 2 below, and the freeze-dried product was stored at 5°C in a vacuum desiccator.
Samples were taken after 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months to examine the survival rate. The results are shown in Table 2.

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 ラクトバチルス・サンフランシスコを培地に
培養し、培養物から菌体を回収するに際し、培地
にL−システインまたはL−システイン含有物
を、L−システインとして培地容量当り100〜500
mg/存在させることを特徴とする微生物の培養
法。
1. When culturing Lactobacillus San Francisco in a medium and collecting bacterial cells from the culture, add L-cysteine or an L-cysteine-containing substance to the medium at a concentration of 100 to 500 L-cysteine per medium volume.
A method for culturing microorganisms, characterized in that the microorganisms are present in mg/ml.
JP61022721A 1986-02-03 1986-02-03 Method of culture of bacterium Granted JPS61282071A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61022721A JPS61282071A (en) 1986-02-03 1986-02-03 Method of culture of bacterium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61022721A JPS61282071A (en) 1986-02-03 1986-02-03 Method of culture of bacterium

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4988978A Division JPS54143585A (en) 1978-04-28 1978-04-28 Culturing of microbials and storing of freeze-dried microbial cells

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61282071A JPS61282071A (en) 1986-12-12
JPS6231907B2 true JPS6231907B2 (en) 1987-07-10

Family

ID=12090645

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61022721A Granted JPS61282071A (en) 1986-02-03 1986-02-03 Method of culture of bacterium

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61282071A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018076715A (en) * 2016-11-10 2018-05-17 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Petroleum recovery enhancement method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61282071A (en) 1986-12-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU669028B2 (en) Method of clonal growth of (streptococcus pneumoniae)
US3634195A (en) Production of lipase
JPS6320520B2 (en)
CA2338365C (en) Process for preparing lactic acid bacteria starter cultures using a porphyrin compound
US3718541A (en) Isolation of proteins
EP0036737B1 (en) Lactase preparation
DE2313546A1 (en) MICROBIAL PROTEASE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT
JPS6143032B2 (en)
JPS6231907B2 (en)
JP3527661B2 (en) Culture medium for lactic acid bacteria separated from barley shochu distillation residue
CN110724639A (en) Marine luminous bacteria freeze-dried preparation and preparation method thereof
McCurdy et al. Studies on Stigmatella brunnea
JPS61265085A (en) Production of powder of cultured bifidus bacillus having excellent storage stability of living cell
JPH0416145B2 (en)
US3997397A (en) Production of proteic materials from yeast cells
JP2518218B2 (en) Method for producing microbial cell
CH683187A5 (en) Process for the preparation of a live oral vaccine antityphoique.
JP4505620B2 (en) Microorganism producing icosapentaenoic acid and method for producing icosapentaenoic acid
RU2267968C2 (en) Method for production of bioactive supplement
US2647074A (en) Production of riboflavin by microbiological fermentation
JPH04365473A (en) Cryptococcus laurenty dsm2762
JPH0378106B2 (en)
RU2132615C1 (en) Method of preparing biologically active food addition "bapd"
KR880002315B1 (en) Culture Method of Streptococcus Microorganism for Simultaneous Production of Hyaluronic Acid and Streptokinase
SU471380A1 (en) The method of obtaining the enzyme preparation for coagulating milk