JPS6234977B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a speed reducing/reversing gear suitable for marine use, and more particularly to a forward/reverse two-shaft speed reducing/reversing gear equipped with two transmission units for forward and reverse movement.

Conventionally, there have been three types of marine speed reduction/reversing gears: a forward/reverse single-axis type, a two-forward/reverse-one-axis type, and a forward/reverse two-axis type, and these have the following structures. In FIG. 1, which is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view, an input shaft 3 of a speed reducer and reverser is connected to an engine flywheel 1 via a damper 2. As shown in FIG. The output shaft 4 is located behind the input shaft 3 (to the right in FIG. 1) and below, and extends parallel to the input shaft 3. An input gear 5 is provided at the rear end of the input shaft 3, and an output gear 6 is provided at the front end of the output shaft 4. R is a reverse unit, which is equipped with an intermediate gear 7, an output pinion 8, and a hydraulic multi-plate clutch 9 that can connect both 7 and 8. The intermediate gear 7 meshes with the input gear 5, and the output pinion 8 meshes with the output gear 6. It's on.
In a single-axis forward/reverse speed reduction/reversing machine, as shown in Fig. 2, which corresponds to the - arrow schematic diagram in Fig. 1,
For example, a forward unit F is provided on the left side of the reverse unit R. The forward unit F includes an intermediate gear 7' that meshes with the intermediate gear 7 of the reverse unit R, an output pinion 8 that meshes with the output gear 6, and a hydraulic multi-plate clutch 9' that can connect both 7' and 8. Also, the reduction/reversing machine with two forward axes and one reverse axis has a structure in which the forward unit F is arranged on both sides of the reverse unit R as shown in Fig. 3, and the decelerating/reversing machine with two forward and reverse axes has an intermediate gear 7 as shown in Fig. 4. , 7' are in mesh with each other, and a pair of forward and reverse units F and R are arranged symmetrically above the left and right sides of the gears 5 and 6.

However, the structure of FIG. 2, which has a single axis for forward and backward movement, has problems such as the inability to transmit a sufficiently large torque. On the other hand, in the structure of 2 forward axles and 1 reverse axle shown in Fig. 3, the above problem can be solved because the forward torque is transmitted by two units F, but on the other hand, when connected to an engine with reverse rotation specifications, Since the forward torque is transmitted by one unit R, there is a torque shortage, and there is a problem that if the specifications are as they are, they cannot be used in engines with reverse rotation specifications. These problems can be solved with the forward and backward two-axis type reduction/reversing machine shown in Fig. 4, but in the structure shown in Fig. 4, the eccentricity L of the input shaft 3 and output shaft 4 and the position of each unit F and R are Since the case is significantly different from the case shown in Figure 3, the case supporting shafts 3 and 4 and units F and R, as well as the input gear specifications, etc., must be made specifically for the forward and backward two-axis type, and the two forward and reverse one-axis type. It is impossible to reuse parts and there is a problem that manufacturing costs increase.

In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention has the following features:
This invention provides a reduction/reversal machine which has a conventional two forward axle, one reverse axle reduction/reversal machine with an additional reverse unit added, and is constructed as follows.

That is, the present invention has two forward rotation units and two reverse rotation units each having the same specifications, in which the input shaft and the output shaft are arranged to be biased back and forth and up and down, and each is equipped with an intermediate gear, an output pinion, and a clutch that can connect the two. ,
Each output pinion is provided in mesh with the output gear on the output shaft, one reversing unit is positioned directly above the output shaft and the input shaft, and its intermediate gear is meshed with the input gear on the input shaft. The normal rotation units are connected to the above 1 with their intermediate gears meshing with the intermediate gears of the above 1 reverse rotation unit.
placed diagonally below and on both sides of the reversing unit.
It is characterized in that another reversing unit is disposed below one of the normal rotating units, and its intermediate gear meshes with the intermediate gear of the one normal rotating unit.

Next, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 5, which is a schematic front view, parts corresponding to those in FIGS. 1 to 4 are given the same reference numerals. The input shaft 3 and output shaft 4 in FIG. 5 are biased back and forth and up and down, similar to the structure in FIG. 1. Two forward units F1, F2 and two reverse units R1, R2 are provided around the input gear 5 and output gear 6. Each unit F1, F2, R1, R2
The specifications are the same, and each unit F1, F2, R1, R2 is equipped with intermediate gears 7', 7, output pinion 8, and hydraulic multi-disc clutches 9', 9 like units F and R in FIG. Both output pinions 8 are meshed with the output gear 6. The reverse unit R1 is located directly above the gears 5 and 6, and its intermediate gear 7 meshes with the input gear 5. Both forward units F1 and F2 are located on both sides of reverse unit R1, and their intermediate gear 7'
is meshed with intermediate gear 7 of unit R1. The reverse unit R2 is located diagonally below the unit F2, and the intermediate gear 7 of the unit R2 meshes with the intermediate gear 7' of the unit F2. As will be explained below, the intermediate gear 7' of the forward unit F2 operates as a driven gear during forward movement, and operates as an intermediate gear during reverse movement. Further, the intermediate gears 7', 7 of the forward unit F1 and the reverse unit R2 operate as driven gears.

In the engine operating state, the forward unit F1,
When the clutch 9 of F2 is connected, the rotational force transmitted from the engine to the input shaft 3 passes through the input gear 5 and the intermediate gear 7 of unit R1 to both forward units F.
1, F2 to the intermediate gear 7', and then to the output gear 6 via both forward clutches 9' and the output pinion 8. Therefore, the output shaft 4 rotates in the forward direction. When the clutches 9 of the reverse units R1 and R2 are connected, the rotational force transmitted to the intermediate gear 7 of the reverse unit R1 is transmitted to the output gear 6 via the clutch 9 of unit R1 and the output pinion 8, and is also transmitted to the intermediate gear 7 of unit F2. The signal is then transmitted to the intermediate gear 7 of the unit R2, and further transmitted to the output gear 6 via the clutch 9 and output pinion 8 of the unit R2. Therefore, the output shaft 4 rotates in the reverse direction.

Both forward and backward units F1, F2, R1, R2
Even if the forward clutches 9', 9 are in the disengaged state, torque due to internal rotation of the clutches 9, 9' may be transmitted to the output gear 6, but the forward clutch 9'
Since the specifications of the reverse clutches 9 and 9 are the same, and the number of clutches is two each, the drag torque in the forward direction transmitted from units F1 and F2 and the units R1 and R
The trailing torques in the reverse direction transmitted from 2 are mutually offset. Therefore, the output shaft 4 does not rotate.

According to the structure of the present invention explained above, each of two forward and reverse (reverse and forward rotation) units F1 and F
2, R1, and R2 are arranged alternately directly above and on both sides of the output gear 6, each output pinion 8 is meshed with the output gear 6, and each intermediate gear 7, 7'
are engaged with each other, and only intermediate gear 7 of unit R1 directly above is engaged with input gear 5, so
The positions of the three units F1, F2, R1 and the axis 3,
The relative deflection l in the vertical direction of No. 4 is the same as that of the deceleration/reversal machine with two forward axes and one reverse axle shown in FIG. In other words, the present invention differs from the layout of FIG. 3 only in that the reverse unit R2 is added. Therefore, in the present invention, the shafts 3, 4 and the units F1,
For the bearing structure and case that support F2 and R1, many of the parts for the 2 forward axes and 1 reverse axle can be used as is (or with partial modification), and the 2 forward axle and 1 reverse axle type shown in Figure 4 can be used as is. Since a dedicated input tooth mechanism such as the one described above is not required, manufacturing costs can be reduced. Moreover, units F1 and F have common specifications for forward and reverse.
Since two clutches 2, R1, and R2 are used, when both clutches 9, 9' are disengaged, the drag torques in both directions overlap, and the output shaft 4 does not rotate. Individual units F1, F2, R1, R2
Since the torque capacity of the unit is only half of the total transmitted torque, it is possible to make the unit more compact.Also, since the intermediate gears 7 and 7' are meshed with each other and brought close to each other, the entire reduction/reversing gear can be constructed to be lightweight and compact. . Of course, manufacturing costs can also be reduced by making the units common. Forward torque and reverse torque are provided by two units F1, F2 or R1, respectively.
Since the torque is transmitted through R2, the reduction/reversing gear of the present invention can be connected to an engine with reverse rotation specifications without any modification, and the torque capacity will not be insufficient in either forward or forward motion.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional example, FIGS. 2 to 4 are schematic front views of different conventional examples corresponding to the - arrow schematic view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention. This is a schematic diagram. 3...Input shaft, 4...Output shaft, 5...Input gear, 6...Output gear, 7,
7'...Intermediate gear, 8...Output pinion, 9,
9'...Clutch, F1, F2...forward unit, R1, R2...reverse unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two forward rotation units and two reverse rotation units of the same specification, each having an input shaft and an output shaft that are offset back and forth and up and down, and each having an intermediate gear, an output pinion, and a clutch that can connect the two, are connected to the output pinion. is provided so that it meshes with the output gear on the output shaft, one reversing unit is positioned directly above the output shaft and the input shaft, and its intermediate gear meshes with the input gear on the input shaft, resulting in two normal rotations. The units are arranged on both sides and diagonally below the one reversing unit, with their intermediate gears meshing with the intermediate gears of the one reversing unit, and the other reversing unit is connected to the one of the normal reversing units. A forward/reverse two-axis reduction/reversal machine, characterized in that the intermediate gear is disposed on the lower side and meshes with the intermediate gear of the one normal rotation unit.