JPS6237748B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6237748B2
JPS6237748B2 JP9248980A JP9248980A JPS6237748B2 JP S6237748 B2 JPS6237748 B2 JP S6237748B2 JP 9248980 A JP9248980 A JP 9248980A JP 9248980 A JP9248980 A JP 9248980A JP S6237748 B2 JPS6237748 B2 JP S6237748B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
drying
winding
temperature
iron core
transformer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP9248980A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5719581A (en
Inventor
Kenichi Akyama
Seiichi Yamano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP9248980A priority Critical patent/JPS5719581A/en
Publication of JPS5719581A publication Critical patent/JPS5719581A/en
Publication of JPS6237748B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6237748B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は静止誘導電器の巻線に電流を流してそ
の電流により発生するジユール熱を熱源として加
熱加温して乾燥する、所謂電流加熱乾燥方法に関
するものである。 従来静止誘導電器の乾燥は熱風加熱乾燥、真空
加熱乾燥および気相乾燥等が一般的に用いられて
いる。しかしこれらの方法では所定の乾燥を達成
するためには極めて長時間を要し、また乾燥に要
する熱源を得るために消費するエネルギーも多大
であり、最近の省エネルギー、省資源の傾向に逆
行するものである。そこで、その解決策として電
流加熱乾燥が注目されるようになつた。 電流加熱乾燥は静止誘導電器の巻線に電流を流
し、その電流により発生するジユール熱を熱源と
して乾燥するもので、前記従来の方法に比べ短時
間に乾燥が実現でき、従つて省エネルギー、省資
源の観点から極めて有利な方法である。しかしな
がら、電流加熱乾燥は従来より知られた方法であ
るにもかかわらず、その実用化はあまりなされて
いない。特に電力用変圧器等に代表される比較的
大型の機器の乾燥方法としては殆んど実用化され
ていない。このため公知の方法でありながら、そ
の合理的方法、条件等については未解決な点が多
い。 以下第1図により単相変圧器の例をとり電流
加熱乾燥法の一例を説明する。図で1は変圧器
の一次巻線、1aと1bは一次巻線1の端子、2
は二次巻線で2aと2bはその端子である。3は
一次巻線1と二次巻線2とを電磁的に結合するた
めの鉄心であり、4は一次巻線1と二次巻線2と
を電気的に絶縁する絶縁物である。端子2a,2
bは短絡片6で短絡され、端子1aと1bには電
圧調整装置9を介して電源10が接続される。電
圧調整装置9は例えば温度センサー7により絶縁
物4の温度を検出し、それに応動する制御装置8
により制御される。図では変圧器5として巻線
1,2と鉄心3(クランプ等は図示せず)の中身
を示し、この中身のみを乾燥する例を示している
が、中身をタンクに収めた状態で乾燥を行なう場
合もある。 第1図の如き方法で乾燥される変圧器の乾燥
特性の例を第2図に示す。この例は単相300kVA
の変圧器の一次巻線に定格電流150%を流したと
きである。図では曲線Aは一次巻線1の温度、B
は絶縁物4に使用されている絶縁紙中の含有水分
量、Cは絶縁物等より放出された水蒸気の相対
値、Dは鉄心3の温度である。さて、この乾燥例
において、絶縁紙中の含有水分はB曲線に示すよ
うに2時間程度でその大部分が放出される。この
点からみると、変圧器の乾燥は2時間程度で達
成できたと見なすことができる。しかしながら、
鉄心3の温度上昇はD曲線に示すように一次巻線
1の温度上昇に比較して非常に遅い。このため水
蒸気の状態で放出された水分は、温度の低い鉄心
や図では示してないが鉄心と同様に温度の低いク
ランプやタンク等に接すると急冷され、鉄心、ク
ランプやタンク等の表面に結露することになる。
これらは例えば鉄心3の温度が上がれば当然蒸発
するわけであるが、第2図のD曲線からも判るよ
うに鉄心3の温度上昇は遅く、巻線等の乾燥が2
時間程度で終了するのに変圧器としての乾燥と
しては鉄心3の温度上昇によつて決められる恐れ
がある。又、タンク等での結露した水分は鉄心3
の場合よりもさらに除去するのは困難であり、溶
接部等にその水分が付着したまま乾燥を終了した
とするとタンクの腐食や油中水分の増大等の二次
的な障害も発生しかねない。 本発明は電流加熱乾燥法において、放出された
水蒸気が電器を構成する鉄心やクランプ、タンク
等で結露することがなく電流加熱乾燥法の長所を
最大限生かすようにした静止誘導電器の乾燥方法
を提供することを目的とするものである。 このため本発明では例えば第1図に示した電流
加熱乾燥法において、被乾燥物である変圧器
中身の置かれた雰囲気の気体を、乾燥により放出
された水蒸気が鉄心3やクランプ(図示せず)等
に接した場合でも結露しない程度にこの水蒸気を
移動させるに足る流れのあるものにすることを特
徴とする方法である。空気の流速を変えるのは巻
線温度なので、前記条件の気体の流れが起りうる
温度となるように巻線に通電することにより前記
方法が達成できる。発明者の実験によれば、この
空気の流れは通常の変圧器の製造の場合では0.5
m/sec程度あれば上述した鉄心、クランプ等で
結露することなく乾燥することが出来ることが判
明している。尚、この空気の流れは巻線の層方向
の場合であつて、その流れが巻線の段方向の場合
にはこのような特性は得られない。 つぎに本発明の作用を説明する。上述した如
く、第2図は単相300kVA変圧器の一次巻線に定
格電流の150%を流して実験した結果である。第
2図によれば、曲線B,Cが示す如く巻線の乾燥
が始まるのは巻線の温度がほぼ100℃になつたと
きである。差線の温度が100℃になつたときに含
有水分は水蒸気となり、巻線中を移動し大気中に
水蒸気として放出され乾燥は達成されるのであ
る。この時間は本実験によれば100℃に達した後
約1.5時間である。すなわち、従来の熱風乾燥法
による場合に比し約1/10以下程度に乾燥時間が短
縮できる。このように、電流加熱乾燥は極めて有
効な方法である。 しかしながら、本実験において、密封系、すな
わち巻線から放出された水蒸気が巻線より外部に
放散されない場合には、水蒸気として放出された
水分は周囲の鉄心やクランク等の比較的温度の低
い物体に接すると急冷され、そのとき結露するこ
とが認められた。この場合、結露した水分は鉄心
等が100℃以上まで加熱されなければ再び水蒸気
となつて鉄心等の乾燥が達成されないことがわか
つた。第2図の例ではその時間はほぼ10時間程度
であつた。この時間は従来の熱風乾燥法に比し
て、短かい時間ではあるが、電流加熱乾燥法の極
めて優れた特徴を大巾に削減している。尚、本実
験の如く、密封系ではなく上述した空気の流れが
少ない場合(0.5m/sec未満)でも同様の結果で
あつた。 上述した本発明方法はこのような点を解決した
もので、巻線の雰囲気の空気に流れを生じさせて
放出された水蒸気を外方に誘導することにより上
述の欠点が解決できるもので、その空気の流れは
放出された水蒸気が鉄心等に接しても、それが冷
却されて結露するよりも早い速度(すなわち、水
蒸気の質量を移動するのに十分な流速)であれば
よく、それは約0.5m/secであることが実験的に
確められたのである。すなわち、0.5m/sec以上
の速度で放出された水蒸気を雰囲気外に移動する
ようにすれば、第2図の如き極めてすぐれた効果
が得られる。 第3図は他の実施例を示し、タンク11内に変
圧器中身を収納して本発明方法による乾燥を実施
する例である。二次巻線の端子2a,2bは短絡
され、一次巻線の端子1a,1b間に電圧を印加
し、第1図に示した如く巻線には電流が流され
る。一次及び二次巻線1,2に電流が流れるとジ
ユール熱により一次及び二次巻線1,2は加熱さ
れ、そこに含有された水分は水蒸気として外部に
放出される。このとき変圧器のタンク11の上
面は開放されている。一次及び二次巻線1,2の
温度上昇によりその周囲温度は上昇し、その加熱
された空気は上方へ移動する。矢印Fはその方向
を示す。加熱された空気がF方向に移動すると、
矢印Eに示す如く周囲の空気が流入し、E→Fの
空気の流れが生ずる。このとき空気の流れが上述
した0.5m/sec以上の流速となれば第1図の実施
例と同様の効果が得られる。前記したように、こ
の空気の流速を変えるのは巻線の温度であり、一
次巻線1に流す電流をこの空気の流れが0.5m/
sec以上になるような温度となるように選定すれ
ば、特別の装置や設備等を使用することなく、所
期の目的が達成できる。 以上記載のように本発明によれば、放出された
水蒸気が鉄心、クランプ、タンク部等で結露する
ことがないので、短時間に乾燥できるという電流
加熱乾燥法の長所を最大限に生かすことができ、
その結果電力量の節減や変圧器製造工程の大巾な
短縮等の効果が得られ、さらに従来における乾燥
器等の大型の設備を必要としない等多くの利点を
有する静止誘導電器の乾燥方法を提供することが
できる。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a so-called current heating drying method in which a current is passed through the windings of a stationary induction electric appliance, and the Joule heat generated by the current is used as a heat source to heat and dry. Conventionally, hot air heating drying, vacuum heating drying, vapor phase drying, etc. are generally used to dry stationary induction appliances. However, these methods require an extremely long time to achieve the desired level of drying, and also consume a large amount of energy to obtain the heat source required for drying, which goes against recent trends in energy and resource conservation. It is. Therefore, electric current heating drying has attracted attention as a solution to this problem. Current heating drying is a process in which a current is passed through the windings of a stationary induction appliance and drying is performed using the Joule heat generated by the current as a heat source.Compared to the conventional methods mentioned above, drying can be accomplished in a shorter time, thus saving energy and resources. This is an extremely advantageous method from the viewpoint of However, although current heating drying is a conventionally known method, it has not been put into practical use much. In particular, this method has hardly been put to practical use as a drying method for relatively large equipment such as power transformers. Therefore, although it is a well-known method, there are many unresolved points regarding its rational method, conditions, etc. An example of the current heating drying method will be explained below using FIG. 1, taking a single-phase transformer 5 as an example. In the diagram, 1 is the transformer 5
1a and 1b are the terminals of primary winding 1, 2
is the secondary winding and 2a and 2b are its terminals. 3 is an iron core for electromagnetically coupling the primary winding 1 and the secondary winding 2, and 4 is an insulator for electrically insulating the primary winding 1 and the secondary winding 2. Terminals 2a, 2
b is short-circuited by a short-circuiting piece 6, and a power source 10 is connected to terminals 1a and 1b via a voltage regulator 9. The voltage regulator 9 detects the temperature of the insulator 4 using, for example, a temperature sensor 7, and includes a control device 8 that responds to the temperature of the insulator 4.
controlled by The figure shows the contents of the transformer 5 including the windings 1 and 2 and the core 3 (clamps etc. are not shown), and shows an example in which only these contents are dried. Sometimes it is done. FIG. 2 shows an example of the drying characteristics of the transformer 5 dried by the method shown in FIG. 1. This example is single phase 300kVA
When 150% of the rated current is applied to the primary winding of the transformer. In the figure, curve A is the temperature of primary winding 1, B
is the moisture content in the insulating paper used for the insulator 4, C is the relative value of water vapor released from the insulator, etc., and D is the temperature of the iron core 3. Now, in this drying example, most of the moisture contained in the insulating paper is released in about 2 hours as shown by curve B. From this point of view, it can be considered that the drying of the transformer 5 was achieved in about 2 hours. however,
The temperature rise in the iron core 3 is much slower than the temperature rise in the primary winding 1, as shown by curve D. Therefore, when the water released in the form of water vapor comes into contact with a low-temperature iron core or a clamp or tank (not shown in the figure), which is also low-temperature, it is rapidly cooled and condenses on the surface of the iron core, clamp, tank, etc. I will do it.
For example, these naturally evaporate when the temperature of the iron core 3 rises, but as can be seen from the D curve in Figure 2, the temperature rise of the iron core 3 is slow, and the drying of the windings, etc.
Although the drying process takes about an hour, the drying of the transformer 5 may be determined by the temperature rise of the iron core 3. In addition, the moisture condensed in the tank etc. is removed from the iron core 3.
It is even more difficult to remove it than in the case of , and if drying is completed with the moisture still attached to the welded parts, secondary problems such as corrosion of the tank and increase in moisture in the oil may occur. . The present invention provides a method for drying stationary induction electric appliances in which the released water vapor does not form condensation on the iron core, clamp, tank, etc. that make up the electric appliance, making the most of the advantages of the electric current heating drying method. The purpose is to provide For this reason, in the present invention, for example, in the current heating drying method shown in FIG . This method is characterized by creating a flow that is sufficient to move this water vapor to the extent that it does not form condensation even when it comes into contact with water vapor (not shown). Since it is the winding temperature that changes the air flow velocity, the method described above can be achieved by energizing the windings so that the temperature is such that the gas flow under the above conditions can occur. According to the inventor's experiments, this air flow is 0.5 in the case of normal transformer manufacturing.
It has been found that the above-mentioned iron core, clamp, etc. can be dried without condensation if the speed is about m/sec. Note that this air flow is in the layer direction of the winding, and such characteristics cannot be obtained if the air flow is in the step direction of the winding. Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained. As mentioned above, Figure 2 shows the results of an experiment in which 150% of the rated current was passed through the primary winding of a single-phase 300 kVA transformer. According to FIG. 2, as shown by curves B and C, the winding begins to dry when the temperature of the winding reaches approximately 100°C. When the temperature of the differential wire reaches 100°C, the contained moisture becomes water vapor, moves through the winding, and is released into the atmosphere as water vapor, achieving drying. According to this experiment, this time is about 1.5 hours after reaching 100°C. That is, the drying time can be reduced to about 1/10 or less compared to the conventional hot air drying method. In this way, current heating drying is an extremely effective method. However, in this experiment, in a sealed system, that is, in a case where the water vapor released from the winding is not dissipated outside the winding, the water released as water vapor flows into surrounding relatively low-temperature objects such as the iron core and crank. When it came in contact with it, it was rapidly cooled and condensation was observed. In this case, it was found that the condensed moisture would not be able to dry the iron core because it would turn into steam again unless the iron core was heated to 100°C or higher. In the example shown in Figure 2, the time was about 10 hours. Although this time is shorter than the conventional hot air drying method, it greatly reduces the excellent characteristics of the current heating drying method. Note that similar results were obtained even when the system was not a sealed system and the air flow was small (less than 0.5 m/sec) as in this experiment. The above-mentioned method of the present invention solves these problems by creating a flow in the air in the winding atmosphere and guiding the released water vapor to the outside. The air flow only needs to be faster than the speed at which the released water vapor cools and condenses even if it comes into contact with the iron core (in other words, the flow speed is sufficient to move the mass of water vapor), which is approximately 0.5 It was experimentally confirmed that the speed is m/sec. That is, if the released water vapor is moved out of the atmosphere at a speed of 0.5 m/sec or more, an extremely excellent effect as shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained. FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, in which the contents of a transformer are stored in a tank 11 and dried according to the method of the present invention. Terminals 2a and 2b of the secondary winding are short-circuited, and a voltage is applied between terminals 1a and 1b of the primary winding, causing current to flow through the winding as shown in FIG. When current flows through the primary and secondary windings 1 and 2, the primary and secondary windings 1 and 2 are heated by Joule heat, and the moisture contained therein is released to the outside as water vapor. At this time, the upper surface of the tank 11 of the transformer 5 is open. The temperature increase in the primary and secondary windings 1, 2 causes their ambient temperature to rise and the heated air to move upwards. Arrow F indicates that direction. When heated air moves in the F direction,
Surrounding air flows in as shown by arrow E, creating an air flow from E to F. At this time, if the air flow reaches the above-mentioned flow velocity of 0.5 m/sec or more, the same effect as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained. As mentioned above, the temperature of the winding changes the velocity of this air flow, and the current flowing through the primary winding 1 is changed by 0.5 m/min.
If the temperature is selected to be sec or higher, the desired purpose can be achieved without using any special equipment or equipment. As described above, according to the present invention, the released water vapor does not condense on the iron core, clamp, tank, etc., so the advantage of the current heating drying method, which allows drying in a short time, can be maximized. I can,
As a result, we have achieved effects such as saving electricity and greatly shortening the transformer manufacturing process.In addition, we have created a method for drying static induction electric appliances that has many advantages such as not requiring conventional large equipment such as dryers. can be provided.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図乃至第3図は本発明の電流加熱乾燥法を
説明するための図で、第1図は変圧器中身を乾燥
する場合の電気回路図、第2図は第1図の変圧器
が単相300kVAのときの乾燥結果を示す曲線図、
第3図は変圧器中身をタンクに収納して乾燥する
場合の要部構成図である。 1…一次巻線、2…二次巻線、3…鉄心、4…
絶縁物、…変圧器、6…短絡片、8…制御装
置、9…電圧調整装置、11…タンク。
Figures 1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining the current heating drying method of the present invention. Figure 1 is an electric circuit diagram for drying the contents of a transformer, and Figure 2 is an electric circuit diagram for drying the contents of a transformer. Curve diagram showing drying results at single phase 300kVA,
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the main parts when the contents of the transformer are stored in a tank and dried. 1...Primary winding, 2...Secondary winding, 3...Iron core, 4...
Insulator, 5 ...Transformer, 6...Short-circuiting piece, 8...Control device, 9...Voltage regulator, 11...Tank.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 静止誘導電器の巻線に電流を流しこの電流に
より発生するジユール熱を熱源として加熱乾燥す
る方法において、前記静止誘導電器の置かれた雰
囲気の気体に、0.5m/sec以上の流速を生じさせ
ることを特徴とする静止誘導電器の乾燥方法。 2 気体の流れが巻線の層方向である特許請求の
範囲第1項記載の静止誘導電器の乾燥方法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. In a method of heating and drying by passing a current through the windings of a stationary induction appliance and using the Joule heat generated by this current as a heat source, the gas in the atmosphere in which the stationary induction appliance is placed is heated at 0.5 m/sec. A method for drying a stationary induction appliance characterized by producing a flow velocity of at least 10%. 2. The method for drying a stationary induction electric appliance according to claim 1, wherein the gas flow is in the layer direction of the winding.
JP9248980A 1980-07-07 1980-07-07 Drying of static induction electric appliance Granted JPS5719581A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9248980A JPS5719581A (en) 1980-07-07 1980-07-07 Drying of static induction electric appliance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9248980A JPS5719581A (en) 1980-07-07 1980-07-07 Drying of static induction electric appliance

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5719581A JPS5719581A (en) 1982-02-01
JPS6237748B2 true JPS6237748B2 (en) 1987-08-13

Family

ID=14055704

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9248980A Granted JPS5719581A (en) 1980-07-07 1980-07-07 Drying of static induction electric appliance

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5719581A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06117989A (en) * 1992-10-02 1994-04-28 Nippon Steel Corp Particle distribution pitch measuring method and apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06117989A (en) * 1992-10-02 1994-04-28 Nippon Steel Corp Particle distribution pitch measuring method and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5719581A (en) 1982-02-01

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