JPS6237924B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a riding-type rice transplanter constructed by mounting a seedling planting device on a tractor so that it can be raised and lowered.

Conventionally, this type of rice transplanter has a unit installed at the bottom of the seedling transplanter in order to maintain the seedling transplanter at a constant height relative to the rice field regardless of changes in the amount of settling of the tractor due to changes in the depth of the tiller. The front end side of the soil leveling body, which is pivoted vertically around two fulcrums, swings as the seedling planting device rises and falls, and the soil leveling body swings over a certain range relative to the seedling planting device. In response, methods have been devised to control the seedling planting device to automatically raise and lower it relative to the tractor so that the ground pressure acting on the ground leveling body is kept substantially constant.

However, with this control means, as a means to know the ups and downs change of the seedling planting device that affects the change in the seedling planting depth, the change in the attitude of the soil leveling body relative to the seedling planting device, that is, the shaking of the soil leveling body Since the amount of movement is detected, control operations are performed even when the ground leveling body swings due to the influence of local unevenness of the rice field, so the frequency of elevation control increases, resulting in a stable system that smoothly follows the rice field. There were times when control became impossible.

In addition, when changing the planting depth depending on the hardness or softness of the mud surface, the type of seedlings, etc., the relative height relationship between the lower end of the planting claw trajectory of the seedling planting device and the lower surface of the soil preparation body changes. As shown in the figure, it is common practice to form a plurality of pivot connection holes in the bracket installed on the soil leveling body, and to adjust the planting depth by selecting the holes. When the planting depth is changed and adjusted in this way, the reference relative posture between the seedling planting device and the soil leveling body, that is, the state in which the lifting drive mechanism is not controlled due to the rocking of the soil leveling body, is used as the standard. However, it is difficult to maintain the standard relative posture without changing before and after changing the planting depth, and in the end, there is a method to make some kind of correction to compensate for the change in the relative posture. Moreover, the operation thereof is necessary, and it is difficult to avoid a complicated structure and a complicated operation.

Furthermore, in general, in rice transplanters in which a seedling planting device is connected to a tractor, the seedling planting device is not raised and lowered parallel to the tractor while maintaining a constant posture; Since the device is oscillated and raised and lowered, when the height of the seedling planting device relative to the tractor changes, the posture of the seedling planting device relative to the field surface also changes, and the seedling planting device can be moved up and down from the tractor depending on the depth of the tiller. On the other hand, in a state where the raising and lowering is adjusted, the relative posture between the soil leveling body that is properly grounded on the rice field and the seedling planting device differs depending on the depth of the tiller. Therefore, when performing elevation control by detecting the amount of rocking of the soil leveling body relative to the seedling planting device as described above, the detection standard state of the rocking change of the soil leveling body is determined depending on the relative height of the seedling planting device with respect to the tractor. Without modification, it would not be possible to control the seedling planting device to accurately follow the field.

The present invention is an attempt to solve the above-mentioned problem of automatic lifting control in a rice transplanter in which a seedling planting device is attached to a tractor so as to be able to move up and down. A soil leveling body is supported freely and pivotally supported at the bottom of the seedling planting device so as to be able to swing vertically, and fluctuations in the ground pressure of this soil leveling body are detected as a force acting in the vertical direction acting on the pivot point of the soil leveling body. The present invention is characterized in that the detection mechanism and the lifting drive mechanism are interlocked so as to reversibly drive the seedling planting device upward based on the detection of the increase in the ground pressure. The structure provides the following effects.

In other words, the present invention does not detect the swinging of the earth leveling body around the pivot point, but rather detects the force acting on the pivot point. No elevation control is performed due to simple rocking of the surroundings, and the specified control is performed only when the average ground pressure acting on the entire ground leveling body deviates from the set value. and as a result,
Frequent control is no longer required due to local roughness of the rice field, and stable elevation control that smoothly follows the rice field can now be performed.

In addition, instead of detecting changes in the posture of the soil leveling body relative to the seedling planting device, as described above, the elevation control is performed by detecting changes in the force in the vertical direction that acts on the pivot point of the soil leveling body. In other words, the posture control of the soil leveling body relative to the seedling planting device due to changes in the planting depth does not require any special correction from the viewpoint of elevation control, and is a method for accurately performing the correction. It is possible to omit means and operations therefor, which is useful for simplifying the structure and simplifying operations.

Furthermore, since it does not detect changes in the attitude of the soil leveling body with respect to the seedling planting device, the attitude of the seedling planting device with respect to the field surface changes as the seedling planting device is moved up and down with respect to the tractor, causing it to be grounded incorrectly on the field surface. Even if the relative posture between the soil leveling body and the seedling planting device changes, the detection preparation remains unchanged, and the seedling planting device can be made to follow the rice field under appropriate conditions even in fields with different plowing depths without adjusting the detection standard. became easier.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rice transplanter of the present invention has a seedling planting device 2 for planting six rows connected to the rear of a tractor 1 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and pine-shaped seedlings A are placed thereon. While moving the seedling tray 3 back and forth in a constant stroke, the seedling tray 3 is placed near the lower end of the seedling tray 3.
The system is configured to operate a set of seedling planting mechanisms 4, 4, .

Next, the connection structure of the seedling planting device 2 to the tractor 1 will be explained.

A pair of left and right lower links 6, 6 and upper links 7, 7 are concentrically pivoted to the planting transmission case 5 (hereinafter referred to as the planting case) of the seedling planting device 2. , 6 is the tractor 1
The bracket 11 is pivotally connected to the rear hitch 8 of the tractor 1, and the front ends of the upper links 7, 7 are connected to hydraulically driven lift arms 10, 10 for raising and lowering an attachment provided at the upper part of the rear transmission case 9 of the tractor 1. The seedling planting device 2 is configured to be pivoted up and down about the front end pivot point Q of the lower links 6, 6 as the lift arms 10, 10 swing up and down. There is.

Further, a bearing case 12 that can swing around the pivot point Q is pivotally mounted between the left and right sides of the lower links 6, 6, and a transmission shaft 14 is supported within the bearing case 12 via a bearing 13. The front end of the universal joint 15
is connected to a PTO shaft 16 at the rear of the tractor, and the rear end of this transmission shaft 14 is connected to an input shaft 17 of the planting case 5. Further, the bearing case 12 is supported by the lower links 6, 6 via left and right support rods 18, 18,
Between the upper part of the bearing case 12 and the planting case 5,
A connecting rod 19 for adjusting and fixing the relative posture of the lower links 6, 6 and the planting case 5 is extendably installed by a turnbuckle 20.

In addition, at the bottom of the seedling planting device 2 there is a container 4 made of synthetic resin.
Hollow float-like ground leveling bodies 21, 21', .

These soil leveling bodies 21, 21'..., in their longitudinal intermediate portions (approximately corresponding to the planting position),
Brackets 23, 23' are attached to arms 22, 22', which are concentrically and pivotally supported at the rear of the planting case 5.
Arms 25, 25' are pivotally connected via... and are juxtaposed and protruding from a support shaft 24 which is rotatably and horizontally supported on the front part of the planting case 5, and bending links 26, 26'... Each earth leveling body 21, 21'...
... are connected near the front ends, and each soil leveling body 21,
21'... are configured to swing up and down about intermediate pivot points P and P'. Further, the arms 22, 22'... and 25, 25' corresponding to the front and rear are connected by links 27, 27'...
The intermediate pivot points P, P' of each ground leveling body 21, 21'... are repositioned up and down with respect to the planting case 5 by adjusting the rotation and swinging all the arms 22, 22'... at the same time. At the same time, as all the arms 22, 22'... swing, the mounting fulcrum R of each bending link 26, 26'... is changed, thereby making it possible to adjust the planting depth. In addition, each earth leveling body 21, 2
The brackets 23, 23', .
The planting depth can also be adjusted by changing the connection position with 3, 23'... Note that rotation adjustment and fixing of the support shaft 24 are performed by a swinging operation of the operating lever 29 provided on the support shaft 24 and a lever guide 30.
This is due to the engagement and fixation.

In the rice transplanter configured as described above, one of the soil leveling bodies 21 21' (the second one from the right in the embodiment) detects the relative distance between the seedling planting device 2 and the rice field T. It operates as a sensor and is configured to automatically control the raising and lowering of the seedling planting device 2 based on the detection result.

In other words, the intermediate bracket 2 of the ground leveling body 21'
3' is the arm 2 for this ground leveling body 21'.
A tension spring 32 is mounted between the other end of the L-shaped arm 31 and the arm 22, and the L-shaped arm 31 is always directed downward. The L-shaped arm 31 is configured to be oscillated to swing in response to changes in the ground contact of the ground leveling body 21'. An inner wire end of a push-pull type release wire 33 is connected to the other end of the L-shaped arm 31, and an outer wire end of the release wire 33 is connected to a connecting portion between the arm 22' and the link 27'. The swinging displacement of the L-shaped arm 31 is transmitted to the control section of the lift arms 10, 10, which is an elevating drive mechanism, through a release wire 33.

The lift arms 10, 10 are forcibly swung upwards and swung downwards by their own weight by a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 34, and the hydraulic cylinder 34 is a three-position control system located at the bottom of the operator's seat 46. It is configured to be expanded/contracted and fixed by switching the valve 35. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the control valve 35 swings the lift arm 10 up when the spool 36 moves in the U direction, swings it down when the spool 36 moves in the D direction, and returns to the neutral position N. It is constructed so as to be hydraulically locked, and is constructed so that manual spool operation and automatic spool operation in conjunction with detection of the ground pressure of the ground leveling body 21' can be performed.

That is, the casing of the valve 35 is supported horizontally by the dual inner and outer shafts 37 and 38, the outer shaft 38 has a manual operating lever 39 and a spool operating arm 40 fixed to it, and the inner shaft 37 has an automatic operating arm. 41 and a spool operating fork 42 are fixed. The spool operating arm 40 is disposed on the tip pin 43 of the spool 36 so as to be able to contact and press it only in the upward operating direction U, and the spool operating fork 42 is engaged with the pin 43 so that it can be operated in forward and reverse directions. . Also, the valve 35 has a neutral position N.
A spring ball 44 is provided that engages with the spool operating arm 40 located at the spool to maintain the neutral position of the manual operating lever 39.

Further, one end of an inner wire 33a of the release wire 33 is connected to the automatic operation lever 41 in the following structure.

That is, a connecting fitting 47 that can swing vertically about a fulcrum S is pivotally attached to the outer surface of the automatic operation arm 41, and a pin 48 protruding from the arm 41 and a manual operation Lever 39
recesses 50, 50' that engage with pins 49 protruding from the
is formed and engages the pin 48, or
They are each biased by a spring 51 so that they are elastically held in the swinging position in which they engage with the pin 49. Then, in the state where the metal fitting 47 is removed from the pin 48, the end metal fitting 52 of the inner wire 33a can be inserted into and removed from the pin 48 as desired from the side, and the metal fitting 47 can be engaged with the pin 48. The pin 48 of the end fitting 52 is
The device is configured to prevent removal from the device. or,
As shown by the imaginary line in FIG.
It is structured so that it can be transmitted to

Further, upper and lower guides 53,
53', a square block-shaped end fitting 54 that is slidably guided linearly in the longitudinal direction of the wire is attached, and a pin 55 provided on this fitting 54 connects to a bracket 58 that is connected to the valve 35. The metal fitting 54 is engaged with a tip fork 45 of an operating lever 56 which is pivotally connected to the metal fitting 54, and the position of the metal fitting 54 is changed and adjusted by swinging the operating lever 56. The operating lever 56 is configured to be bendable in the middle thereof, and biased toward one side by a spring 57 so that it can be engaged and fixed at any position of a multistage engagement portion 59 provided on a bracket 58. .
Further, a fork 45 is provided at one end of this multi-stage engaging portion 59.
An abutting guide portion 60 for regulating the rocking limit of the lever 56 is connected to the position where the lever 56 is disengaged from the pin 55, and when the lever 56 is operated to this position, the pin 5
The device is configured to perform connection and disconnection operations with 5. Further, the end fitting 54 is configured so that its position relative to the outer wire 33b can be finely adjusted by operating nuts 61, 61.

Next, the raising and lowering operation of the seedling planting device by the raising and lowering mechanism having the above structure will be explained.

(i) Manual lifting operation Inner wire 33a is automatically operated arm 41
When the manual operation lever 39 is connected to
When the lift arm 1 is swung backward from the neutral position n, the spool 36 is moved in the U direction due to the contact between the operating arm 40 and the pin 43, and the lift arm 1
0 is forcibly swung up and the seedling planting device 2 is raised. Furthermore, when the seedling planting device 2 is lifted from the rice field T and the operating lever 39 is swung forward f from the neutral position n, the operating arm 40 is separated from the pin 43 and the spool 36 moves in the downward operating direction D. At this time, since the earth leveling body 21' is lowered by its own weight, the L-shaped arm 31 swings and pulls the inner wire 33a, the automatic operation arm 41 swings in the downward direction, and the fork 4
2, the spool 36 is moved in the downward direction D, and the seedling planting device 2 descends under its own weight. In addition, seedling planting equipment
When the operating lever 39 is returned to the neutral position n while the spring ball 44 is floating above the ground , the spring ball 44
Since the holding force of the lever 39 is set to be larger than the operating force applied to the automatic operation arm 41, the spool 36 is held in the neutral position N by contacting the arm 40, and the seedling planting device 2 can be freely operated. Fixed at ground height position.

(ii) Automatic lifting/lowering operation When the aircraft is in the field, press the operating lever 3.
When the seedling planting device 2 is swung forward f to the maximum operating limit and held in position by the pressing force of the spring ball 44, the seedling planting device 2 descends under its own weight as described above.
When the ground pressure acting on the earth leveling body 21' reaches a certain value, the intermediate pivot point P' of the earth leveling body 21' rises and the L-shaped arm 31 is swung against the spring 32. As a result, the inner wire 33a
is displaced in the u direction and the automatic operation arm 41
is swung back to the neutral position, and the seedling planting device
2 stops descending. In other words, when the seedling planting device 2 is lowered to a certain height relative to the rice field T, it is automatically stopped. In this state, the planting operation is carried out.

When the tractor 1 reaches a deep part of the plow G and sinks during the above-mentioned planting operation, the ground leveling body 21' is relatively pushed into the field surface T and the ground pressure increases, and this ground pressure becomes lower than the set value. When the size increases and the intermediate pivot point P' is pushed up and the L-shaped arm 31 is swung against the spring 32, the spool 3 is moved by the displacement of the inner wire 33a in the u direction.
6 moves in the upward direction U, and the seedling planting device 2 is driven upward. Then, as the seedling planting device 2 rises, the ground pressure of the soil leveling body 21' decreases to the set value and balances with the force of the spring 32, and the automatic operating arm 41 returns to the neutral position and the seedling planting device 2 is stopped from rising.

Furthermore, when the tractor 1 runs over a shallow part of the tiller G during the planting operation, the ground pressure of the soil leveling body 21' decreases, and the L-shaped arm 31 swings due to the weight of the soil leveling body 21'. The inner wire 33a is pulled and displaced in the d direction to swing the automatic operation arm 41 in the downward direction. When the ground pressure of the soil leveling body 21' increases to the set value due to the lowering of the seedling planting device 2 , the automatic operating arm 41 is returned to the neutral position and the lowering control is stopped.

If there are local irregularities on the field surface T during the planting travel operation, the front part of the soil leveling body 21' will follow these irregularities, but the soil leveling body 21' will swing around the intermediate pivot point P'. Elevation control is not performed solely by this method; the required elevation control is performed only when the average ground pressure against the ground leveling body 21 deviates from the set reference value and the upward or downward force acting on the intermediate pivot point P' increases. It is.

In addition, by performing the following operations, the Tanabe T
Automatic lifting and lowering characteristics can be changed and adjusted according to the situation.

In other words, when there is a large mound of soil at the tip of the soil leveling bodies 21, 21', etc., and the soil pushed out to the side pushes down adjacent planted seedlings,
By swinging the operating lever 56 in the X direction and displacing the fixing position of the outer wire end fitting 54 toward the valve side, the strength of the spring 32 in the control balance state, that is, the reference grounding of the ground leveling body 21' can be adjusted. By reducing the pressure, it is possible to stably control the seedling planting device 2 to a slightly floating state. In addition, when there is a difference in the sinking depth of the left and right soil leveling bodies 21, 21 and the seedling planting mechanism 4... tilts to the left and right, or when the tips of the soil leveling bodies 21, 21'... float up from the field surface T. Sometimes, on the other hand, the operating lever 56 is moved to Y.
By adjusting the swing in the direction and retracting the end fitting 54, the reference ground pressure of the ground leveling body 21' can be increased, and the seedling planting device 2 can be stably controlled even if it is slightly sinking. .

In addition, when removing the seedling planting device 2 and attaching another attachment to the lift arm 10,
By switching the engagement of the connecting fitting 47 to the pin 49, it becomes possible to operate the spool 36 in the forward and reverse directions with the automatic operation lever 39, and to arbitrarily raise and lower the attachment.

The structure and operation of the main parts of the rice transplanter of the present invention have been explained above, and various attached mechanisms will be explained below.

A rake-like preliminary ground leveling tool 62 is pivotally supported at the lower part of the lower links 6, 6 via arms 63, 63 so as to be vertically swingable, and extends from the upper links 7, 7 so as to be vertically slidable. Support rod 6
The earth leveling tool 62 is supported by springs 65, 65 supported by the support rods 64, 64,
is pressed against the surface T. Then, when the seedling planting device 2 is lifted significantly upward, the upper links 7, 7 and the lower link 6 are connected to each other as shown in FIG.
The ground leveling tool 62 is swung upward as the relative attitude changes with respect to the ground leveling tool 62, and the ground leveling tool 62 is configured to have a sufficient height above the ground. Incidentally, the angle of the ground leveling tool 62 with respect to the arm 63 can be adjusted.

Moreover, the bracket 11 connecting the left and right lift arms 10, 10 and the upper links 7, 7 is the 12th
As shown in the figure, the front bracket 11a is divided into a pair of left and right elongated holes 6 formed in the front bracket 11a.
6 and 66' are engaged with pins 67 and 67' attached to the rear bracket 11b, respectively, so that the seedling planting device 2 can be rolled to some extent. or,
The mounting position of one pin 67' can be changed back and forth by adjusting the rotation of the bolt 68, and by adjusting the position, the rolling flexibility range can be adjusted equally on the left and right sides. has been done.

Further, the outer surfaces of the upper links 7, 7 are equipped with locking arms 69, 69 that mechanically prevent the seedling planting device 2 from descending when the seedling planting device 2 is raised to the upper limit. . The front end of this arm 69 is pivotally supported by a pivot connecting pin 70 that connects the front bracket 11a and the lift arms 10, 10, and the rear end of the arm 69 is supported by a fixing pin 71 of the upper link 7. The first
1, when the seedling planting device 2 has reached its upper limit, the rear end of the arm 69 is removed from the pin 71 and swung downward, so that the tip of the front end support shaft 73 of the lower link 6 and the hole 72 are connected. Fit and hold lower link 6
The upper link 7 and the arm 69 form a truss link to prevent the seedling planting device 2 from unexpectedly descending when traveling on the road.

In addition, at the lower front end of the bearing case 12 and at the center of the planting case 5, there are a front stand 74 and a pair of rear stands 75 for floating and supporting the seedling planting device 2 removed from the tractor 1 above the ground. , 75 are equipped.

The front stand 74, as shown in FIG.
The stand 74 is configured to be able to switch between a standing position in an upright position and a retracted position in which it is swung laterally, and a locking piece is provided in a recess 77 of a bracket 76 fixed to the base of the stand 74. By elastically engaging the front stand 78, the front stand 74 can be fixed at each swing position.

Also, the rear stands 75, 75 are the 15th and 16th stands.
As shown in the figure, the swinging member 80 is composed of a U-shaped rod pivotally supported on the planting case 5, and is pivoted on a bracket 79 fixed to the case 5, and the stand 7
5 are connected by a rod 81. The swinging member 80 has a bracket 79 formed thereon.
Lock piece 8 elastically engages in two recesses 82, 82'
3 is provided, and this locking piece 83 is removed from the recess 82 or 82' against the spring 84, and the swinging member 80 is operated to swing, thereby moving the stand 75 into the downward protruding position and the upward retracting position. It is configured to switch between and hold.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the tip of an arm 86 that is pivoted to the fixed bracket 85 on the planting case 5 side is pivoted at the planting case side portion of one (right) upper link 7. At the same time, an arm 87 that swings together with this arm 86 is interlocked and connected to a planting clutch arm 90 via a rod 88 and stroke absorbing springs 89, 89, thereby absorbing the heat caused by the raising and lowering of the seedling planting device 2 . The planting clutch arm 90 is configured to swing on/off based on changes in relative posture between the par link 7 and the planting case 5. In other words, when the seedling planting device 2 is lifted significantly above the rice field T, the planting operation is automatically stopped, and when the seedling planting device 2 is lowered to the planting operation height range, the planting operation is automatically started. The maximum torque transmitted to the seedling planting device 2 is regulated by a friction clutch 91 interposed between the transmission shaft 14 and the input shaft 17.

In addition, as an accessory device on the tractor 1 side, there are shelf-shaped spare seedling storage cases 9 provided on both sides of the front part of the machine.
2, 92, line drawing tools 93, 93 installed on both front and middle sides of the machine so that they can bend, extend and retreat in order to form a straight reference line on the rice field T; a sensor 94 that detects when there are fewer seedlings on the seedling stand 3; There is a buzzer 95 that detects and activates...

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the rice transplanter according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is an overall side view, Fig. 2 is an overall plan view, Fig. 3 is a plan view of a seedling transplanting device, and Fig. 4 is an automatic operation of the planting clutch. 5 is a side view of the seedling planting device, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the ground pressure detection section, FIG. 7 is a side view showing the configuration of the automatic elevation control mechanism, and FIG. 8 is the valve operating section. 9 is a vertical sectional front view of the valve operation section, FIG. 10 is a view taken along the - arrow in FIG. FIG. 13 is a front view showing the preliminary ground leveling tool and the ground leveling body; FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of the front stand;
5 is a side view of the rear stand, FIG. 16 is a plan view of the stand, and FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional plan view of the friction clutch. 1... Tractor, 2... Seedling planting device, 21'...
Leveling body, P'... pivot point, Q... fulcrum.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A seedling planting device 2 is supported on a tractor 1 via an elevating drive mechanism so that it can be raised and lowered, and the seedling planting device 2 is
A ground leveling body 21' is pivotally supported at the bottom of the ground leveling body 2 so as to be able to swing vertically.
A mechanism is provided to detect the force acting in the vertical direction acting on the swing pivot point P' of 1'. A rice transplanter characterized by being linked with a drive mechanism. 2 The seedling planting device 2 is attached to the tractor 1 at one fulcrum Q
The rice transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the rice transplanter is connected to be able to swing vertically around the.