JPS6238469B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] In the present invention, animal hair fibers include sheep, goat,
It includes all fibers with scale and fine structure obtained from llama, alpaca, and other similar terrestrial mammals.

The surface of these animal hair fibers has a fine structure covered with water-repellent scales that overlap like roof tiles, with the tips of the scales protruding and forming edges. Therefore, the fiber surface reflects light diffusely, giving it a lack of luster and a rough texture.

In addition, the inside of the edge part of the scale, which is entirely covered with a water-repellent film, is made of protein with an amino acid composition containing many polar groups, and it absorbs water and swells, creating a structure that allows the edges to easily stand up. The phenomenon of easily felting and solidifying, especially under acidic or alkaline conditions, is a characteristic not found in other fibers without a scale structure.

However, due to the above characteristics, animal hair fiber shrinks, hardens, and deforms when washed and worn, absorbs moisture from the skin surface, causes edges to stand up, and gives a stinging sensation to the skin. This is a drawback in that it easily dissolves on the surface under humid conditions, reducing the fastness of dark dyed products under wet conditions such as sweat and abrasion.

The present invention exploits the drawbacks of animal hair fibers to adsorb catalytic heavy metals, chlorinates only the protruding edges that cause the defects, and then dissolves and removes them through reduction treatment to smooth the surface. , a processing method for modifying the fiber into a high-grade fiber that is durable, has excellent washing resistance and color fastness, maintains a smooth feel and bulk, and has a beautiful luster, by strengthening if necessary, and furthermore By using the method of the present invention, animal hair fibers that have already been made into felt, which have hardened and shrunk, are loosened and restored to their original shape, and the animal hair fibers are kept in the form of a product or intermediate product in a durable, felt-proof form. It is something that can be changed.

In addition, good results can be obtained as a treatment for preventing pilling, which is caused by the scale structure, in conventional blended products with other types of fibers such as synthetic fibers.

It is also a processing method that can be widely applied to improve the quality of fur, which has a poor texture and tends to get tangled due to the presence of scales. Furthermore, since the process can be completed within a short time of a few minutes at room temperature, there is little chance of decomposition of the dye, and this process can create new shapes even for patterns already created by twisting, knitting, sewing, etc. No deformation occurs, the fibers are strong, and the damage to the skin at the base of the fur is minimal.

Trace amounts of heavy metals hardly remain on the fibers after processing, and the heavy metals that flow out can be recycled and used, so they do not pose a problem.

This is a durable upgrading method that can be applied to a wide range of animal hair fibrous materials, their blended products, and fur products.

Next, the method for high-grade modification of animal hair fibrous material of the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of animal hair fibers, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of animal hair fibers processed by the method of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the circled portion of the cross section in FIG. 1.

(1) First, trace amounts of heavy metals such as cobalt, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, iron, chromium, zinc, or cadmium are dissolved in inorganic acids, oxides,
When animal hair fibers are immersed in an aqueous solution in which 20 to 50 ppm of halides, salts, or complexes are dissolved as ions at room temperature, or in a solvent in which an aqueous solution containing heavy metal ions is dispersed, the fiber scale 4 in Figure 1 is The entire scale is surrounded by a water-repellent membrane called the epicuticle (1 in Figure 3), making the entire scale water repellent.However, the back side of the scale is rich in polar groups called the endocuticle (2 in Figure 3). As shown by 3 in Figure 3, this layer has a structure that allows water to easily pass through by opening slightly between the gaps in the scale. Heavy metals dissociated into ions in water pass through this part and change the polarity of the end capsule. It is adsorbed in a coordinated manner to the group. The state of this adsorption can be confirmed by a colorimetric method according to each heavy metal, and the conditions are determined based on the results.Then, the object to be treated is removed from the liquid, deliquified or separated,
If necessary, wash off the surface deposits.

(2) Next, add the required amount of a chlorinating agent such as sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, or sodium chlorinated cyanurate to an aqueous solution whose pH is adjusted to neutral to slightly acidic so that it can be easily decomposed at room temperature. The sodium hypochlorite in which the fibers are immersed is 2MO+Cl ₂ O ^- →M ₂ O ₃ +Cl ^- M ₂ O ₃ +ClO ^- →M ₂ O ₃ ClO ^- M ₂ O ₃ ClO ^- →2MO+Cl+O ₂ or , Chlorine interacts with heavy metals in water to produce hydrochloric acid.

2M+3Cl ₂ →2MCl ₃ MCl _{3 +} 3H ₂ O→M(OH) ₃ +3HCl When _acid is present, _chlorine is rapidly generated. Due to the catalytic action of the heavy metals coordinated to the end capsule 2 in Figure 3, the metal is decomposed one after another to generate chlorine and oxygen, resulting in intense local chlorination. At this time, sodium hypochlorite is used in an amount of 3 to 12% by weight of available chlorine based on the weight of the animal hair fiber to be treated.

Due to the above chlorination, the edge part 5 in Figure 1 is decomposed to the extent that it hardly retains its shape.
After deliquing and washing with water, (3) the remaining portion was bathed in sodium metabisulfite 3-20 g/l ammonia water (25% solution) 4-40 c.c./l 1:10;
By treating in a solution at a temperature of 35° C. to 45° C. for 3 to 5 minutes, the residue on the edge portion is dissolved, resulting in a smooth surface as shown in FIG. 2, which is then washed with hot water at 50° C.

For this reduction cleaning, if the surface has been sufficiently achieved through chlorination in the previous step, or if the object to be treated is already dyed and there is a risk of discoloration, use sodium metabisulfite 3g/l bath 1:15. Depending on the form of the object to be treated and the relationship between the pre- and post-treatments, a reducing agent and an alkaline bath may be used. and are applied in separate baths, and the amount is adjusted to minimize damage to the treated object.

Following the above, if the surface is to be strengthened by a known method, treat with formalin (37% solution) 3-10 c.c./l at pH 7-8, temperature 50-80°C for 15-30 minutes,
Finish the process by washing and drying.

Next, an example of implementing the present invention will be specifically explained as follows.

Example 1 Top-shaped wool of Merino breed from Moshu with an average diameter of 21.6μ was added to a 0.012% solution of nickel chloride in an aqueous solution of 30 ppm as nickel ions.
Immerse at 25°C, check the adsorption state by checking the coloration in a 0.2% dimethyl, glyoxime solution, and then remove liquid and wash with water.

Next, sodium hypochlorite was added to a 6% owf available chlorine bath at 20°C in a solution prepared by adding hydrochloric acid to 1:15 to adjust the pH to 6.5.
After immersing in a water bath and circulating the liquid for 3 minutes, remove the liquid and wash with water.

Then, it was immersed for 3 minutes in a solution of sodium metabisulfite 5 g/l and aqueous ammonia (25% solution) 7 g/l at a bath ratio of 1:15, and after removing the liquid.
Wash off the decomposed substances with warm water at 40°C while applying mechanical operation.

After this, it is immersed for 30 minutes in a formalin (35%) 5c.c./l bath at a bath ratio of 1:15 and a temperature of 50°C, and the process is completed by removing liquid, washing with water, and drying.

The top treated in this manner had a beautiful luster and a smooth texture, and the surface condition as shown in FIG. 2 was observed even under a microscope.

This men's sweater, knitted with 28-count double yarn of wool on a 10-gauge weft knitting machine, is completely shrink-proof and can withstand washing in a washing machine. It does not sting the skin, and even when dyed in deep colors such as deep red, navy blue, and black, the wet rubbing fastness is 4 to 5, which is 1 to 2 compared to conventional products.
A highly modified product with high fastness was obtained.

In addition, various excellent products can be obtained from various different raw materials.

(1) By the method of the present invention described above, hybrid wool with a diameter of 34.5
Products treated with μ have a beautiful mohair-like luster and smooth texture, and loop yarn woven or knit products, which were conventionally manufactured as mohair blend products, are used for purposes that are no different from mohair products. The product was superior to mohair products in terms of texture, bulk, stitch visibility, washing resistance, and color fastness.

(2) Modified anti-pilling polyester, 55%, wool 45
%, treated by the method of the present invention, becomes a knitted fabric that can be washed in a washing machine, and it is difficult to pass a pilling test according to JISL-1076 method using an ICI type pilling tester. As a result, the original knitted fabric was grade 2, but after the treatment it was grade 4, a significant improvement.

(3) After treating sheep fur using the method of the present invention, adding a smoothing agent and repeatedly combing and drying the fur, it had a beautiful luster and a smooth texture.

The fur has been improved to a higher quality than the untreated product.

Example 2 Felt solidifies by wearing and washing, and it becomes 20 to 30
% shrinkage of 100% wool golf wear, women's sweaters, thermal socks, etc., wrapped in a polyester net, and using a drum-type solvent processing machine, 1.1.1. After treating at 25°C for 2 minutes in a solution in which sorbitan laurate was added and dispersed with 0.05 cc/l of water so that the concentration was 35 ppm, and after separating the deliquified solvent, the treated material was treated with hypochlorite. Sodium chlorate Available chlorine 8% owf Add hydrochloric acid to the bath ratio of 1:10 and adjust the pH to 6.5 at 20℃~
After processing at 25°C for 2 minutes, remove liquid and wash away decomposed substances while applying mechanical operations. Next, the mixture is treated with sodium metabisulfite (3 g/l) in a bath ratio of 1:10 at a temperature of 30°C to 40°C for 3 minutes, and then neutralized with sodium bicarbonate (2 g/l) in a bath ratio of 1:10 (20°C).

Next, the process is completed by washing with water and drying.

This treatment method removes dirt and felted parts on the surface of the fibrous material, reproduces the stitches, restores shrinkage to 90% to 95% of a new product, and provides elasticity and bulk that are not found in new products. The color became brighter, the luster increased, the texture became softer, the characteristic scratchy feeling of wool that stings the skin disappeared, and washing resistance was added.

This process can also be applied as a high-quality anti-shrunk process for newly finished products.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the fine structure of animal hair fibers. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view after processing according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the circled portion in FIG. 1. 1 is an epicuticle, 2 is an endoughticle, 3 is an intercellular filling substance that opens on the fiber surface and becomes a waterway leading to the endoughticle, 4 is a scale, and 5 is an edge of the scale.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Animal hair fibrous material or animal hair is added to an aqueous solution containing trace amounts of heavy metals such as cobalt, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, iron, chromium, zinc, or cadmium as ions, or a solvent solution in which they are dispersed as ions. Fibrous materials containing hair fibers or fur are soaked to adsorb heavy metals on the inside of the edges of the fiber scales, which are then chlorinated with sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, or sodium chlorinated cyanurate. The pH of the agent is immersed in an aqueous solution adjusted to neutral or slightly acidic, and the fibers are chlorinated by catalytic decomposition of the adsorbed heavy metals, then washed with water, and then soaked in sodium metabisulfite,
treatment in a solution of a reducing agent such as sodium hyposulfite, sodium sulfite, or thioglycolic acid and an alkaline liquid such as soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, or aqueous ammonia to dissolve and remove protrusions including edges; A high-grade modification method for animal hair fibrous materials, which is characterized by smoothing the fiber surface.