JPS624496B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) This invention provides a formwork in which at least one side of a formwork into which concrete is poured has a predetermined thickness, width, and height in multiple vertical stages arranged vertically. The present invention relates to a method for constructing external walls of buildings, partition walls, earth retaining walls, fences, and other concrete walls, in which a concrete wall constructed of poured concrete is constructed of molded plates and then exteriorized with the molded plates.

(Prior art) According to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 124425/1983, a molded plate in which concrete is poured is constructed with vertically stacked multi-layered molded plates arranged vertically on both sides of a formwork into which concrete is poured. A method of constructing a concrete wall is known in which the concrete wall is sheathed on both sides with the above-mentioned molded plates.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above-mentioned known method, the upper and lower molded plates arranged vertically are not connected in the vertical direction, so there is a risk that the molded plates may shift in the wall thickness direction during pouring of concrete. If this happens, after construction, the wall surface covered with the molded plates will be uneven and look very unsightly, and each molded plate will not be of any use in increasing the strength of the concrete wall.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, the present invention provides 1/4 of the width from each end of the width of the back surface of each molded plate into which concrete is poured.
V-shaped, U-shaped, etc. folded parts are provided at the upper and lower positions that are closer to the inside, and hooks that are open at least in the vertical direction and project a certain length are provided, and the hooks under the upper molding plate are mutually connected. The upper and lower molded plates are connected to each other by passing a series of connectors through the hooks on the lower molded plates and swingably slidingly contacting the back surface of each plate and the folded portion of each hook.

(Function) As a result, in the present invention, the upper and lower molded plates arranged vertically pass through the hook under the upper molded plate and the hook on the lower molded plate in series, and the back side of each plate. , are connected by a connecting tool that is in sliding contact with the folded portion of each hook, and are immovable in the wall thickness direction. In this way, when a series of connectors are passed through the hook under the upper molded plate and the hook above the lower molded plate at the construction site to connect them, it is important to note that the position of the hook to be passed through may vary depending on the width of the molded plate. It is expected that the connector will shift in the direction, but since the connector can swing while sliding in contact with the back of the upper and lower molded plates and the folded part of the hook of each plate, it will pass through both hooks without any problem even if it shifts slightly. , join the upper and lower forming plates. Furthermore, the poured concrete also flows into the hooks of the upper and lower molded plates through which the connectors pass, and ensures the connection between the molded plates and the constructed concrete wall.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, 1 and 1' indicate molded boards, as shown in 1, the back side 1a is concrete, the front side 1b is a foamed synthetic resin layer, a board made of wood board, wood chips, fiber, plaster, etc., heat insulation, sound insulation, etc. Insulation layer, wall material layer, metal plate such as aluminum or stainless steel, mortar layer, tiling, or a composite board made of any other material, or as in 1', it is entirely made of concrete or other materials. For example, it may be a single material board made of tiles.

The weight of each formed plate 1, 1' is preferably about 10 to 15 kg, which can be handled by one worker.For this purpose, if the entire plate is a horizontally long rectangular plate made of concrete, the size should be determined by the thickness of the plate. 10-30mm, height
The dimensions are 20 to 30 cm and the width is 40 to 90 cm, so if it is made entirely of concrete, the size should be determined based on this. Further, in the case of a composite molded plate whose surface portion 1b is made of a material lighter than concrete, it can be made larger, but when used together with an all-concrete molded plate, the size should be adjusted to the size of the all-concrete molded plate. The back surface 1a of the molded plate 1 made of concrete, or the molded plate 1' made entirely of a single material such as concrete, is reinforced with reinforcing material 2 such as reinforcing steel or lath.
It is molded so that it has inside. When forming part or all of the board with concrete, the concrete used may be regular concrete, but to give the board sufficient strength, glass fiber should be added.
GRC, FRC containing iron fibers, and resin concrete using resin as a binder instead of cement may also be used. Then, a molded plate 1 made of composite material
The front surface part 1b can be formed by bonding a pre-formed front part to the back part 1b with an adhesive suitable for the material, or by laying the front part on the bottom of a mold for molding the back part and applying an adhesive thereon. However, the back side of the concrete may be formed after pouring concrete and pasting the front side.

In addition, in the case of constructing an earth retaining wall, the molded plate 1' may be made entirely of porous water-permeable concrete in order to drain groundwater from the soil layer behind it.

These molded plates 1, 1' are placed on the foundation 5 at the lowest stage (first stage).
Concrete is placed on one side or both sides of the formwork into which ready-mixed concrete is poured, and is lined up in several tiers depending on the height of the concrete wall to be constructed on top of it. In order to completely prevent the upper molded plates that are lined up vertically from moving in the wall thickness direction, place them on the back side of each molded plate at the top and bottom positions that are 1/4 of the width inward from each edge of the width. A hook 3 is provided which has a folded part in a V shape, a U shape, etc., and which is open in the vertical direction and projects a certain length. The upper and lower molded plates are connected by passing through a series of coupling tools 4 that swingably slide into contact with the back surface of the plate and the folded portion of each hook.

The reason why the hooks 3 are located inwardly by 1/4 of the width from each end of the molding plates 1 and 1' in the width direction is because the upper molding plate is aligned with the lower molding plate. This is so that they can be stacked one on top of the other, or they can be stacked vertically with the upper and lower molded plates offset by 1/2 of the width.

The hook 3 fixes the molded plates 1, 1' by embedding their bases in the concrete portion when molding the molded plates 1, 1'. This hook 3 can be provided, for example, by having a part of the reinforcing bar 2 embedded in the molded plates 1, 1' projecting from the back surface to reinforce the strength of the concrete as shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the coupling tool 4 is made of a steel bar having upward and downward V-shaped bent portions, and the upward V-shaped bent portion is connected to the lower hook of the upper tier, and the downward V-shaped bent portion is connected to the lower hook of the upper tier. When inserted into the upper hook of the lower tier, the straight part connecting the upper and lower V-shaped bent parts will slide into contact with the back surfaces of the upper and lower molded plates, and the upper and lower bent parts will fit into the hook 3.
It slides into contact with the folded portions of the lower hook of the upper molded plate and the upper hook of the lower molded plate. Since it is possible to swing in the sliding state, when the positions of both hooks are completely aligned in the vertical direction, the coupling tool 4 is oriented vertically and passes through both hooks in series (see Fig. 7). If the position is slightly deviated, it passes through both hooks in a series at an angle relative to the vertical depending on the amount of deviation (see Fig. 8). In any case, the length of each hook 3 protruding from the back surface of the molded plate is constant, and the coupling tool 4 comes into sliding contact with the back surfaces of the upper and lower molded plates, and also connects the hooks under the upper molded plate and the lower side of the molded plate. Since it slides into each folded portion of the hook on the molded plate and passes through both hooks in series, the upper and lower molded plates are completely prevented from moving in the wall thickness direction of the concrete wall to be constructed.

In this embodiment, as in the conventional example described above, the molds on both sides into which fresh concrete is poured are constructed of molding plates arranged vertically as described above. For this reason, to construct a wall, set the planned wall thickness t of ready-mixed concrete at opposing intervals, place the molded plates with their backs facing each other, and line them up on the foundation 5 made by pouring concrete, making this the lowest layer. . In addition to the vertical reinforcements 5', the lower half of the connector 4 is embedded in advance in the foundation 5 in line with the hook on the molded plate, and the lower hook protruding from the back side of the lowest molded plate is inserted into the foundation 5. It may be pressed over the upper half of the coupling tool that protrudes upward. In this case, the width of the V-shaped bent part of the coupler increases as it moves away from the end, so as the hook 3 is pushed deeper, the width of the coupler elastically narrows and the friction between the coupler and the hook increases. The molded plates can be arranged in a floating state with a horizontal joint 6 having a required gap formed between the lower edge of the lowermost molded plate and the upper surface of the foundation. Also, in order to form vertical joints 7 between adjacent molded plates in the width direction, the connectors for embedding the lower half of the molded plates in the foundation should be kept at a distance that allows the joints 7 to be formed. . The gap between the joints is just enough to prevent fresh concrete from leaking out when it is poured later, and is generally within 10 mm at the widest. Note that, if necessary, the joints may be sealed with mortar or other sealant before pouring the ready-mixed concrete.

Pouring of ready-mixed concrete can be done each time the molded plates are lined up in one layer, or after arranging them in a small number of tiers such as two or three tiers, but if you place them in too many tiers, the pressure of the concrete during pouring will increase. There is a risk that the molded plates arranged vertically will collapse, so limit the number of layers to about 5 at most.

To place the upper tier on top of the lower tier, insert the lower half of the connector into the hook on the molded plate of the lower tier, press the lower hook of the upper tier over the upper half of the connector, and then A horizontal joint 6 is formed by maintaining an appropriate distance between the two sides.

Whether the forming plates 1, 1' form one side of the formwork or both sides of the formwork, the hooks of the forming plates are connected to the opposing formwork at certain places by steel wires or the like. In this case, when both sides of the formwork are constructed with molded plates as in the example shown, one steel rod is bent as shown in Figure 4, and the hooks of the opposed molded plates of the upper and lower stages are attached. By preparing an H-shaped connector 8 equipped with connecting parts 4' at both ends, and using this H-shaped connector 8 in some places, it is possible to line up the upper molded plate on the opposing lower molded plate at the same time. You can connect things together. Incidentally, it is preferable that a protrusion 4a protrudes from the lower half of the coupling tool 4 to be inserted into the hook on the lower forming plate as a stopper for regulating the insertion depth of the coupling tool. In the case of the H-shaped connector 8, there is an intermediate portion 8' that connects the two connecting parts 4', 4'.
can be used as a stopper.

Once the molded plates 1, 1' are arranged in one or a few stages in this way, ready-mixed concrete is repeatedly poured into opposing spaces on the back surfaces of the molded plates 1, 1', thereby constructing a wall of a predetermined height. It is preferable to pour ready-mixed concrete before the lower layer poured first has yet to harden, and when pouring up to the upper edge of the molded plates that are lined up side by side, use the connecting tool for the upper molded plate that will be lined up above it. or after installing the connector 8.

Also, after pouring ready-mixed concrete, place horizontal stripes on top of it,
It may also be connected to a vertical strip.

When the ready-mixed concrete is poured in this way, the ready-mixed concrete is connected to the connector 4.
It goes around the inside of the hook 3 where the metal is passing through and completely buries and hardens the hook, coupling tool, and the aforementioned steel wire and coupling tool 8, so metal corrosion can be almost permanently prevented.
Moreover, the connection between the molded plate and the concrete wall is also ensured. Furthermore, each molded plate has reinforcing materials 2 such as laths and reinforcing bars embedded individually as described above, and although these reinforcing materials embedded in the upper and lower molded plates are originally unrelated to each other, , the upper and lower molded plates are connected to the hooks of the upper and lower molded plates by being buried in the cast ready-mixed concrete and integrally connected to the concrete wall together with the upper and lower molded plates. It is connected in terms of strength through the concrete wall, becomes a strength member of the constructed concrete wall, and reinforces the strength of the wall.

The connector 4 is not limited to the one shown in the figure in which the upper layer is placed on the molded plate of the lower layer, but may be a thin iron flat bar that bends on the back side of the molded plate and the folded part of the hook. It is also possible to use a device that slides into sliding contact while swinging, so that a plurality of upper molding plates can be arranged vertically on top of a lower molding plate (see FIG. 9).

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the upper forming plate from moving in the wall thickness direction of the concrete wall relative to the lower forming plate during concrete pouring.
Even if the positions of the hooks of the lower molded plate and the upper molded plate are slightly shifted in the width direction of the molded plates, they can be connected through the connector without any problem, and by this, when concrete is poured and a concrete wall is constructed. The shaped plate can be used as a strength member of a concrete wall. In addition, the poured concrete goes around the hooks of the upper and lower molded plates through which the connectors pass, completely filling the hooks and connectors.
Corrosion is completely prevented.

In addition, when using a composite molded board 1 whose surface portion 1b is used as an exterior or interior material for a building, etc., a suitable protective sheet such as paper, synthetic resin, or waterproof fabric may be used to remove it after construction. It is a good idea to protect the surface area during construction by pasting it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a perspective view of two types of molded plates viewed from the back side;
The figure is a sectional view of the same as above, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of a coupling device, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example of a coupling device that also serves as a coupling device, FIG. 5 is a side view of the assembled state, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an example of a coupling device. Similarly, the oblique view, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9 are explanatory diagrams showing the state in which the upper and lower molded plates are connected by a connector, and in the figure, 1 and 1' are the molded plates, 3 indicates a hook, and 4 indicates a connector.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. At least one side of a formwork into which concrete is poured is formed by vertically arranging plates of a predetermined thickness in multiple stages,
In a method of constructing a concrete wall, in which a concrete wall is constructed of molded plates having width and height and is constructed with poured concrete and is exteriorized with the molded plates, the width of the back side of each of the molded plates mentioned above into which concrete is poured. V-shaped, U-shaped, etc.-shaped folded parts are provided at the top and bottom positions located inward from each end by 1/4 of the width, and hooks are provided that are open at least in the vertical direction and protrude for a certain length. The upper and lower molded plates are connected by passing a coupling device that swingably slides into the back surface of each plate and the folded part of each hook through the hook under the upper molded plate and the hook above the lower molded plate. A method of constructing a concrete wall characterized by joining.