JPS6246225B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an atomizer for kerosene, water, etc., and more particularly to a fuel atomizer for an oil combustion device.

An object of the present invention is to provide an atomizer which has a simple and compact structure, has small atomized particles, and can easily adjust the amount of atomization over a wide range. More specifically, the invention relates to an atomizer using an electric vibrator.

Various petroleum atomizers have been proposed in the past, but most of the ones that have been put into practical use are gun types that spray by applying pressure to a small-diameter nozzle using a high-pressure pump. It is used as a boiler or furnace that generates heat, but
Burners with a low calorific value had not been put into practical use due to the problem of unstable combustion flames, poor mixing with air, and oil atomization particles reaching a maximum size of 500 microns.

Further, as atomizers using electric vibrators, there are also atomizers as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. To explain this, in FIG. 1, an electric vibrator 2 is provided at the bottom of a box 1 with a packing 3 interposed therebetween. The inside of the box 1 is filled with liquid 4, and when alternating power is supplied to the electric vibrator 2, the electric vibrator 2 vibrates in the vertical direction in the figure. Due to this vibration, the liquid 4 also vibrates, and the center of the liquid surface rises as shown in FIG. The liquid 4 is then scattered as fine particles, and this results in a surface state of the liquid 4 as shown in FIG. A surface wave called a capillary wave 5 is generated on the surface of the liquid 4 by the ultrasonic vibration. When this wave is strongly excited by increasing the output of the electric vibrator 2, a droplet 6 is generated from the wave crest. It is known that the particle size of the droplet 6 is related to the wavelength λ of the surface wave, and becomes smaller as the wavelength becomes shorter, that is, as the excitation frequency of the electrical alternating power applied to the electric vibrator 2 becomes higher. . The characteristics of the atomizer shown in FIG. 1 are that short wavelength capillary waves 5 are generated on the surface of the liquid 4 by ultrasonic vibrations of an electric vibrator 2 provided at the bottom of the box 1; The wave crest portion of the capillary wave 5 is torn off to produce droplets 6, and the droplets 6 become atomized. Therefore, in such a device, the surface of the liquid 4, that is, the liquid level, is required to cover a fairly wide range, and furthermore, such a device is not applicable to devices with relatively little controllability, such as humidifiers. However, it is necessary to control the amount of fuel particulates generated in combustion equipment and their mixture with air, and to transport the fuel particulates to the combustion section to avoid problems such as adhesion to walls, condensation, efficiency, etc., and problems with combustion flame. There are still many issues to be solved regarding the basic problems of combustion such as stabilization, and although it is efficient to have a frequency of about 1.2 MHz, this frequency causes noise to radios, etc., and this is the biggest problem. It is not currently used in combustion equipment. Fig. 3 shows what is called a horn type, which is a base 8 with a horn shape 7 as an outer shell.
An electric vibrator 9 is provided on the expanded end face of the horn, and an oil feed pipe 10 is provided inside the base body 8.
When alternating power is supplied to the electric vibrator 9, the electric vibrator 9 vibrates left and right in FIG. 3 as indicated by the arrows. This vibration is amplified by the base body 8 having a horn shape 7, and becomes a large vibration at the tip portion 11. Here, on the surface of the tip of the oil pipe 10, a capillary wave 12 is generated, as shown in FIG. 4, as in FIG. 2, and a droplet 13 is generated.
The principle is the same as in Fig. 1, but the normal oil pipe 10
The liquid is supplied to the tank by applying pressure using a pump or the like. In this type,
Cavitation occurs inside the oil pipe, causing dissolved gas in the liquid to precipitate. For this reason, a nozzle with a small diameter has the disadvantage that the air trapped in the oil pipe 10 comes out and the atomization is interrupted midway, causing a fire to be extinguished in combustion equipment. When pressure is applied, large particles fly out due to cavitation and gas generation, making it difficult to control stable atomization.

The present invention eliminates these conventional drawbacks, and one embodiment thereof will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an atomizer according to the invention. An electric vibrator 17 is provided on a base body 16 having a pressure chamber 15 forming a horn shape 14.
The nozzle part 1 is located at the narrowed part of the horn shape 14 of 6.
8, and a liquid supply port 19 for supplying liquid to fill the pressure chamber 15 in the base body 16. The electric vibrator 17 consists of a piezo vibrator 17b, an electrode 17a, and a diaphragm 17c.
When an alternating power such as a pulse wave or an alternating current is supplied between the diaphragm 17c and the diaphragm 17c, the piezoelectric vibrator 17b repeatedly expands and contracts between the radial center and the outer periphery.
c performs flexural vibration in the left-right direction in the figure. Since the pressure chamber 15 has a horn shape 14, the pressure of the liquid caused by the flexural vibration becomes extremely large in the nozzle part 18 where the horn is narrowed, and the liquid is ejected from the nozzle 18a of the nozzle part 18 to the left side in FIG. do. In addition, due to deflection vibration, the pressure chamber 15
When pressurized, the liquid is ejected as described above, but when the pressure decreases, the horn shape 14 causes the liquid to eject near the nozzle part 18. The pressure does not decrease much, and the pressure around the diaphragm 17c decreases. Therefore, the liquid is suctioned and replenished from the liquid supply port 19, and acts as a pump by acting like a kind of liquid diode. As shown in FIG. 5, when positive power is supplied between the electrode 17a of the electric vibrator 17 and the diaphragm 17c, the electric vibrator 17 moves up to the broken line 20. As a result, the liquid in the pressure chamber 15 is compressed and tries to escape, but since the compression is instantaneous, the pressure increases. Since this pressure rise is instantaneous, it becomes a pressure wave parallel to the diaphragm 17c, resulting in a wave motion. When alternating power is applied to the electric vibrator 17, the electric vibrator 17 moves back and forth between the broken line section 20 and the dashed-dotted line section 21, generating pressure waves. Because of the horn shape 14, the strength of the pressure wave is amplified in the nozzle part 18, and even the faint pressure wave generated by the electric vibrator 17 becomes a strong pressure wave in the nozzle part 18, and when pressurized. , liquid flows out from the nozzle 18a. However, since it is a pressure wave, the strength changes and the pressure instantly becomes negative, so the ejected liquid becomes fine particles. This is because the nozzle 18a is a small hole with a diameter of several tens of microns, resulting in fine particles. When the pressure becomes negative, since the diameter of the nozzle 18a is small,
The liquid is supplied from the liquid supply port 19 and the nozzle 18
No air enters from a and stable intermittent atomization can be obtained. The amplification effect of the wave intensity by the horn shape 14 is well known acoustically, and pressure waves are similarly amplified. The reason why air does not enter from the nozzle 18a is that the level of the liquid at the nozzle 18a is balanced with the surface tension applied to the circumference of the diameter of the nozzle 18a, and the pressure is increased by the vibration of the electric vibrator 17. changes, when pressurized,
In the nozzle 18a, when the height of the liquid is higher than the nozzle 18a, the force to go out from the nozzle 18a is due to the pressure of the liquid level and the pressure due to vibration, and on the other hand, surface tension tries to push it in the opposite direction. However, since the pressure is applied instantaneously, the pressure is larger and the particulates 22 are scattered outside. When the pressure becomes negative, the liquid surface moves into the interior by the amount of particles that have been scattered, and a force that tries to increase the surface tension outward by that amount acts, and as a result, the liquid flows toward the liquid supply port. It will be supplied from 19. 2
3 is an exhaust port for air removal.

FIG. 6 is an embodiment of an atomizer according to the present invention. An electric vibrator 27 is provided on a base body 26 having a pressure chamber 25 forming a horn shape 24.
6 is provided with a liquid supply port 28 for supplying liquid to fill the pressure chamber 25, and a nozzle portion 29 is provided on the narrower side of the horn shape 24. 30 is an exhaust port for removing air. In the case of a configuration in which the electric vibrator 27 and the nozzle part 29 are mounted on the base body 26 so as to face each other and face the pressure chamber, the cross-sectional area of the pressure chamber on the nozzle part 29 side is equal to the cross-sectional area of the pressure chamber on the electric vibrator 27 side. As long as the cross-sectional area is made smaller, the atomization efficiency can be improved. Of course, such a configuration is not necessarily necessary in other embodiments, and many other embodiments can be adopted for the configuration in which the liquid in the pressure chamber is vibrated by an electric vibrator.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment according to the invention.
The liquid fuel in the pressure chamber 32 is atomized from the nozzle portion 33 by pressure vibrations generated by the electric vibrator 31 . The air sent from the blower 34 passes through the swirler 35, mixes with liquid fuel particles, enters the combustion chamber 36, is ignited by the electrode 37, and stably burns on the flame stabilizer 38. Base body 3
The fuel is supplied to the pressure chamber 32 inside the pressure chamber 9 from the outside through a fuel supply pipe 40 to the leveler 41.
Passing through the liquid sending pipe 42, the pump 43, the liquid sending pipe 44, the liquid supply port 45, the pressure chamber 32, the exhaust port 46, the exhaust pipe 4
7 and is connected to the air section in the leveler 41 and supplied. Due to the rapid vibration of the electric vibrator 31, dissolved gas (mainly considered to be air) in the liquid fuel is generated near the diaphragm 48. When gas is generated, atomization is severely impaired and may even stop. Therefore, in the present invention, the pump 43
The liquid fuel in the pressure chamber 32 is constantly moved, and the generated gas is passed through the exhaust port 46 and the exhaust pipe 47 to the leveler 4.
Release into 1. Although the leveler 41 is used as the liquid level determining means in this example, other methods may be used. Further, although the combustion equipment here includes a swirler 35, a flame stabilizer 38, an electrode 37, and a flame rod 49 for ignition detection, other suitable combustion equipment may be used.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment according to the invention. The pressure vibrations generated by the electric vibrator 31 are transmitted to the base body 39.
The strength is increased by the horn shape, and the particles are atomized from the nozzle portion 33 into the ventilation chamber 50. Air is sent from the blower to the blower chamber 50, mixed with liquid fuel, ignited or ignited by the electrode 51, and burned in the combustion chamber 52. The liquid fuel is stored in a cartridge tank 53, the liquid level is determined in a fixed tank 54, and the liquid level is determined in a liquid supply pipe 55.
through the pump 43 and into the base 39, and the exhaust port 56 has an air bleed pipe 57 and an exhaust pipe 5.
8 are connected. The liquid fuel in the base body 39 is circulated by the pump 43 through the exhaust port 56, the exhaust pipe 57, and the liquid feed pipe 55, and the gas is removed from the air vent pipe. As described above, the present invention provides an atomizer that circulates and removes liquid fuel so as not to damage the atomizer due to the generation of dissolved gas on the diaphragm, thereby obtaining stable atomization. In addition, in FIG. 7, the pump 43 is connected to the liquid feeding pipe 42.
and the liquid supply pipe 44, but the liquid supply port 45,
It may be inside the exhaust port 46, the exhaust pipe 47, or the leveler 41. Also, in FIG. 8, the pump 43 may be located within the exhaust pipe 58 as well. In addition, in FIG. 8, the height of the air bleed pipe must be kept high, and when it is installed in the exhaust pipe 58, a check valve or the like is installed in the liquid feed pipe 55 and the leveler 41 to prevent backflow. It is better to

As described above, the present invention can provide an innovative atomizer using an electric vibrator.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the configuration of an atomizer using a conventional electric vibrator, Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the liquid level in Figure 1, and Figure 3 shows atomization using a conventional electric vibrator. Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the tip of Figure 3, and Figure 5 shows the configuration of the vessel.
Figure 6 shows an atomizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 shows an atomizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 shows a combustion machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The figure shows a combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention. 15, 25...pressure chamber, 16...substrate, 17,
27... Electric vibrator, 18, 29, 33... Nozzle part, 19... Liquid supply port, 22... Fine particles,
23, 46...Exhaust port, 34...Blower device, 35
...Swirl device, 36...Combustion chamber, 38...Flame stabilizer,
41...Leveler, 43...Pump, 47...Exhaust pipe, 49...Frame rod.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A base body having a pressure chamber filled with liquid, an electric vibrator that vibrates the liquid filled in the pressure chamber, a nozzle portion having a nozzle facing the pressure chamber, A liquid supply port for introducing liquid into the pressure chamber and an exhaust port for venting air are provided, and the liquid level determining means for determining the height of the liquid level and the liquid supply port are connected by a liquid sending pipe, and the exhaust port is provided. An annular liquid circulation system is constructed by connecting an exhaust pipe connected to the liquid level determining means, and a liquid supply means for circulating the liquid is provided in a part of the liquid circulation system. Maker. 2. The atomizer according to claim 1, further comprising an air vent pipe for venting air between the exhaust pipe and the exhaust port that constitute the liquid circulation system.