JPS625705Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) The present invention is a special vehicle equipped with a winch device, etc., which has two neutral positions, and which is installed near the transmission to transmit and switch power. The present invention relates to a switching device that can reliably perform the following operations.

(Prior art) Generally, in order to adapt the power of an engine to various uses, power is switched through a transmission (transmission). It is required that switching is both reliable and has good operability.

A conventional switching device of this type is described in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 48-43323. This device is attached to the side of the transmission in special vehicles such as tank trucks and dump trucks to switch the power to other operating departments, especially from the viewpoint of preventing the lever from coming off after switching and ensuring reliable switching. It has two neutral positions. Since the switching mechanism having two neutral positions is an important point of the present invention, in order to better understand the details, the drawings described in the above-mentioned publication have been arranged in a more specific manner even in the prior art, and the following is an arrangement. Proceed with the explanation.

8 to 12 are diagrams showing the above-mentioned conventional device. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the operating lever portion of the switching device. In this figure, 1 is a positioning plate, and this positioning plate 1 is formed with a long hole 2 as a shift pattern groove. An operating lever 3 is rotatably supported on the positioning plate 1 via a shaft 4, and one end of the operating lever 3 passes through the elongated hole 2. Therefore, the operating lever 3 is movable along the elongated hole 2. One end of a transmission mechanism 5 that moves in conjunction with the operating lever 3 is connected to the shaft 4, and the other end of the transmission mechanism 5 is connected to a ninth
As shown in the figure, it is connected to one end of the lever 6 via a bushable cable (not shown).
Continuing with FIG. 9, the other end of the lever 6 is connected to the shaft 7.
The shaft 7 is rotatably supported by the mission case 8. The other end of the shaft 7 is connected to a plate lock 9, which is formed into a substantially sector-like shape, as shown in detail in FIGS. 11a and 12a.

In order to explain the mechanism related to the plate lock 9, we will now turn to FIGS. 11a and 12a. Note that FIG. 11a shows a view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 9, and FIG. 12a shows a sectional view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 11a. In these figures, pressing protrusions 10 and 11 are provided at both ends of the plate lock 9, and a retaining protrusion 12 having a substantially triangular cross section is formed at the center thereof. The plate lock 9 is opposite the control lever 13,
Both ends of control lever 13 and pressing protrusion 1
0 and 11 are separated from each other by a predetermined interval represented by 2S. However, this appears only on one side, and in the figure it appears on the pressing protrusion 10 side. The details of this 2S distance will be described later, but since there are two neutral positions in the operation of this device, forward rotation ←→
It is necessary for locking the reverse position (preventing it from coming off) and for a predetermined stroke to ensure switching. Circular holes 14 and 15 are formed at one end of the control lever 13, and these circular holes 1
4 and 15 are communicated through a slit 16.

Referring again to FIG. 9, the control lever 13
A pin 17 that can be inserted into the circular holes 14 and 15 faces the pin 17, and the pin 17 is slidably housed in a hole 18 formed in the mission case 8. A spring 19 is compressed between the pin 17 and the hole 18, and the pin 17 is always urged by the spring 19 to come into contact with the plate lock 9. The lever 6, shaft 7, plate lock 9, control lever 13, pin 17 and spring 19 collectively constitute a gear retaining mechanism 20.

The other end of the control lever 13 is connected to a power take drive gear 21, and the power take drive gear 21 is slidably supported on a counter shaft 22 as shown in FIG.
The countershaft 22 is rotatably supported by the mission case 8, and one end thereof is connected to a winch or the like (not shown). The power take drive gear 21 can mesh with the idle gears 23 and 24, and these idle gears 23 and 24
meshes with the gear in the transmission and rotates. Note that the idle gear 23 corresponds to a forward rotation gear, and the idle gear 24 corresponds to a reverse rotation gear. The above power take drive gear 21, counter shaft 22
The idle gears 23 and 24 collectively constitute a power take-off mechanism 25 as a power switching mechanism.

Next, the movements of each part when operating a winch or the like using such a switching device will be described in detail.

() When rotating forward Normally, the operating lever 3 is in the first position before rotating forward.
It is in neutral position A. As mentioned above, there are two neutral positions in this device.
In Figure 11, b and c are the first and second positions, respectively.
This corresponds to the states of neutral positions A and B. Now,
For forward rotation, first move the operating lever 3 located at the first neutral position A in the direction of arrow A (see Fig. 8) along the elongated hole 2, and then lock the plate lock 9.
is moved in the direction of arrow A' (see Figure 11b). At this time, since the pressing protrusion 11 of the plate lock 9 is in contact with the control lever 13 before the plate lock 9 is moved, it immediately starts moving in the direction of arrow A' at the same time as the operating lever 3 is moved. On the other hand, when the pin 17 is in the first neutral position A, it comes into contact with the retaining projection 12 of the plate lock 9 and is recessed into the hole 18. When the plate lock 9 moves, the control lever 13
moves, and the power take drive gear 21 connected thereto is brought into mesh with the idle gear 23 on the normal rotation side. As a result, power is transmitted in the normal direction in the transmission, and a winch (not shown) rotates in the normal direction. In this state of normal rotation, the plate lock 9 and the control lever 13 have moved to the position shown in FIG. Therefore, it is in a locked state (see Figure 12a). That is, the pin 17 is pressed by the spring 19 and fits into the circular hole 15. By locking the pin 17 in this way, the so-called gear is prevented from coming off, and the power take drive gear 2
1 becomes unable to escape from the idle gear 23. The purpose of this locking is to ensure the transmission of normal rotational power and to prevent gear meshing from being easily released due to meshing reaction force or the like. This is because in heavy machinery such as winches, power is transmitted by moving heavy objects, so care must be taken when transmitting power from the standpoint of work safety. Note that at this time, the operating lever 3 is in the normal rotation position B.

() When stopping from normal rotation To stop from normal rotation, it is sufficient to disengage the power take drive gear 21 and the idle gear 23. That is, when the operating lever 3 is moved in the direction of arrow B (see Fig. 8) in order to stop the winch, etc. that is rotating normally, the 11th
As shown in FIGS. a and 12a, the plate lock 9 moves by a distance of stroke 2S, and its pressing protrusion 10 comes into contact with the control lever 13. Plate lock 9 stroke 2S
When moving the plate lock 9, focusing on the pin 17, the pin 17 is pushed back (in the direction of recessing into the hole 18) along the tip surface of the retaining protrusion 12, which has a substantially triangular cross section, on the plate lock 9, and the retaining lock is released. It will be in a disconnected state. In this way, when the operating lever 3 is operated, the pin 17 is first unlocked. Therefore, the above stroke 2S
The reason why the pin 17 is provided is that the lock of the pin 17 can be released. When the lock is released, the plate lock 9 is pressed against its pressing protrusion 10.
is in contact with the control lever 13, and from this position, by operating the operating lever 3, the control lever 13 is moved in the direction of the arrow R' in FIG. 11A while pressing the control lever 13. Accordingly, the pin 17 returns to the position facing the slit 16 as shown in FIG. 11c, and the control lever 13 moves to the second neutral position C as shown in FIG. 11c. Therefore, the movement of the control lever 13 disengages the power take drive gear 21 from the normal rotation side idle gear 23, stopping power transmission and stopping the winch and the like. Note that at this time, the operating lever 3 is in the second position.
It is in neutral position C. Therefore, the positions of the operating lever 3 are different between the first neutral position A and the second neutral position C. This is because when power is being transmitted, it is locked by the pin 17, and when it is released, it is necessary to move the operating lever 3 by a predetermined release stroke 2S. That is,
When engaging the gears from the neutral position, the control lever 13 moves immediately;
When disengaging the gear from the power transmission position, two neutral positions necessarily exist because the process of first releasing the lock and then moving the control lever 13 occurs.

() When reversing Before reversing, the operating lever 3 is normally at the second neutral position C as described above. When the operating lever 3 is moved from this position in the direction of arrow B, it is brought to the reverse rotation position D through the same process as in the case of normal rotation. As a result, the control lever 13 is pressed and moved by the plate lock 9, as shown in FIGS. 11d and 12d.
The power take drive gear 21 meshes with the idle gear 24 on the reverse side, and the reverse rotation power is transmitted to a winch or the like. Also, at this time, the pin 17 is inserted into the circular hole 1.
4 to prevent (lock) the gear mesh from coming off.

() When stopping from reverse rotation In this case, according to the same theory as in the case () above, the operation lever 3 is moved by a distance of stroke 2S to release the lock of the pin 17, and then returned to the first neutral position A again.

As described above, since prevention of the gear from coming off is taken into consideration when switching power transmission, there are two neutral positions A and C, which is a feature of the present switching device.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, such a conventional switching device has two neutral positions when switching power transmission. When moving, it may be difficult to accurately grasp the neutral position, which poses a problem in that there is a risk of erroneous operation.

That is, the operator normally operates the operating lever 3 by visually observing the elongated hole 2 formed in the positioning plate 1, and also operates the operating lever 3 based on the feeling of operating the operating lever 3 (for example, the response of gear disengagement). Know your location. However, if the bushable cable becomes loose, the neutral position may shift slightly. Furthermore, since the neutral position is visually observed along the elongated hole 2, the neutral positions A and C may not be constant. That is, the visual position of the operator and the neutral position of normal vision may deviate from each other due to the above-mentioned backlash or the like. In such a case, erroneous operation poses a safety problem.

On the other hand, in order to solve this problem, it is conceivable to provide a button on the operating lever 3, as is conventionally used in passenger cars, and to perform neutral positioning by operating this button, but this method requires a complicated structure. It has the disadvantage of being expensive.

(Purpose of the invention) Therefore, the present invention has two long holes that are parallel to each other and overlap each other in the extending direction by at least a predetermined distance corresponding to the lock release stroke of the gear locking mechanism, and one of the long holes. Consists of a connecting hole that connects one end to the middle part of the other elongated hole, and the other end of one elongated hole protrudes by a predetermined length in the extending direction of the shift pattern groove than the other end of the other elongated hole. By making one end of one elongated hole and the other end of the other elongated hole correspond to the neutral position, the neutral position of the operating lever can be accurately visually confirmed by the shift pattern groove with a simple structure and at low cost. However, the purpose is to prevent erroneous operation of the operating lever.

(Means for solving the problem) In order to achieve the above purpose, the switching device according to the present invention has the following features:
a positioning plate in which a shift pattern groove including two neutral positions is formed;
An operating lever that moves along a shift pattern groove, and a lever that is connected to the operating lever and locks the meshing positions of the gears at multiple power transmission positions of the power switching mechanism, and releases the meshing of the gears from these power transmission positions. A gear retaining mechanism that returns to each corresponding neutral position, and a power switching mechanism that receives the operating force of the operating lever via the gear retaining mechanism and transmits and releases the power by a predetermined gear. In the switching device, two elongated holes are formed in the shift pattern groove, parallel to each other and overlapping each other by a predetermined distance corresponding to at least the lock release stroke of the gear locking mechanism in the extending direction, and one end of the elongated hole is connected to the other elongated hole. a connecting hole connected to an intermediate portion of the elongated hole, and the other end position of one elongated hole is made to protrude by a predetermined length in the extending direction of the shift pattern groove than the other end position of the other elongated hole, One end of one long hole and the other end of the other long hole correspond to the neutral position, respectively.

(Function) The present invention has two long holes whose shift pattern grooves are parallel to each other and overlap each other by at least a predetermined distance corresponding to the lock release stroke of the gear retaining mechanism, and one end of one of the long holes is connected to the other. The other end of one of the long holes is configured to protrude by a predetermined length in the extending direction of the shift pattern groove than the other end of the other long hole. is formed.
In this case, one end of one elongated hole and the other end of the other elongated hole each correspond to two neutral positions, so when the operating lever is operated along the shift pattern groove configured in this way, , the neutral position of the operating lever is accurately grasped, and erroneous operation thereof is prevented.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

1 to 7 are diagrams showing one embodiment of a switching device according to the present invention, and in explaining this embodiment, the same components as in the prior art are given the same reference numerals and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

First, the configuration will be explained. In Figure 1, 29
is a positioning plate, and two elongated holes 30 and 31 are formed in the upper surface of this positioning plate 29. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, these elongated holes 30 and 31 are parallel to each other and overlap each other by a predetermined distance T in the extending direction. This overlap amount T basically corresponds to the gap between the plate lock 9 and the control lever 13, and as explained in the conventional section, this overlap amount T corresponds to the gap between the plate lock 9 and the control lever 13.
7 corresponds to a stroke sufficient to release the locked state by the retaining protrusion 12. In setting the amount of overlap, the lever ratio of the operating lever 3, ie, the distance from the fulcrum of the operating lever 3 at the time of switching, or the backlash of the cable are appropriately taken into consideration.

One end 30a of the elongated hole 30 is connected to the middle part of the elongated hole 31 via a connecting hole 32, and the position of the other end 30b of the elongated hole 30 is higher than the position of the other end 31b of the elongated hole 31 according to a shift pattern described later. It protrudes by a predetermined length L in the extending direction of the groove 33. One end 30a of the elongated hole 30 and the other end 31b of the elongated hole 31 each correspond to a neutral position. This length L corresponds to the stroke of the operating lever 3 from the unlocked state to the locked state by the pin 17, and the length of the left end of the elongated hole 31 in FIG. 2 also has the same meaning. It is set. The elongated holes 30, 31 and the connecting hole 32 collectively constitute a shift pattern groove 33.

Referring again to FIG. 1, a shaft 34 is rotatably supported on the positioning plate 29, and a ring 35 is rotatably supported on the shaft 34 by a pin 36 in the axial direction of the shaft 34. 37 is a rubber ring interposed between the shaft 34 and the ring 35. An operating lever 38 is fixed to the ring 35, and one end of the operating lever 38 passes through the shift pattern groove 33. Both ends of a spring 39 are connected to the operating lever 38 and the shaft 34, and the operating lever 38 is always biased toward the shaft 34. A slit 40 is formed in the ring 35, and the transmission mechanism 5 is connected to the shaft 34 through the slit 40. The transmission mechanism 5 is connected to a power take-off mechanism 25 as a switching mechanism via a gear locking mechanism 20 shown in FIG. The structure of the power take-off mechanism 25, the plate lock 9, and the control lever 13 are the same as the conventional ones, and are shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.

Next, the effect will be explained.

In the following operations, the operations of the plate lock 9, control lever 13, etc. are the same as in the past, so the details will be omitted.Since the movement of the operating lever 38 along the shift pattern groove 33 is the key point of the present invention, this will be explained in detail. I will explain.

() When rotating in the normal direction Before normal rotation, the operating lever 38 is normally in the middle position of the elongated hole 31 slid from the second neutral position E along the connecting hole 32. This is because the operating lever 38 is slid along the connecting hole 32 by the biasing force of the spring 39.
This advantage will be discussed later. If the operating lever 38 is in the normal position and the winch, etc. is stopped, then the winch, etc. is rotated in the forward direction.
When the operating lever 38 is moved along the elongated hole 31 in the direction shown by arrow C in FIG. 1 to the normal rotation position F, the plate lock 9 is moved from the position shown in FIG. 5b in the direction of arrow C'. At this time, the plate lock 9 moves the control lever 13 with its pressing protrusion 11 in contact with the control lever 13 (see FIGS. 5b and 6b), and the plate lock 9 moves the control lever 13 with its pressing protrusion 11 in contact with the control lever 13 (see FIGS. 5b and 6b). The normal rotation position shown is reached. As a result, the power take drive gear 21 meshes with the idle gear 23 on the normal rotation side,
The winch, etc. rotates forward. At this time, the pin 17 is inserted into the circular hole 15 as shown in FIGS. 5a and 6a.
Since the control lever 13 is inserted into the locked state, it does not move from its current position even if there is a gear engagement reaction force, and the power take drive gear 2
1 will never come out of the idle gear 23. In other words, the forward rotational power is reliably transmitted.

() When stopping from normal rotation To stop a winch or the like that is rotating normally, move the operating lever 38 along the elongated hole 31 in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 1 to the first neutral position G. When the plate lock 9 moves by a distance of stroke 2S in the direction shown by arrow N' in FIG. 5, the pressing protrusion 10 comes into contact with the control lever 13.
Move the control lever 13. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5c and FIG.
The gear locking mechanism 20 is pushed into the hole 18 opposite to the locking mechanism 20, and the gear locking mechanism 20 is unlocked and the meshing between the power take drive gear 21 and the idle gear 23 is released.

() When reversing the operation lever 38 to reverse the winch, etc.
from the first neutral position G to the elongated hole 31, the connecting hole 32,
It is moved sequentially along the elongated hole 30, passes through the second neutral position E, and reaches the reverse position H. As the operation lever 38 moves like this, the plate lock 9
moves in the direction opposite to the arrow C' and moves from the second neutral position E to the reverse rotation position H by a predetermined interval, the control lever 13 also moves together with the plate lock 9, and the power take drive gear 21 is connected to the idle gear 24 on the reverse side. mesh. Therefore, the winch etc. is reversed.

() To stop from reverse rotation To stop the winch, etc., press operating lever 3.
8 along the elongated hole 30 to the second neutral position E, the power take drive gear 21 and the idle gear 2
The mesh with 4 is released. At this time, when the operating lever 38 moves to the second neutral position E, the reverse rotation is stopped, but the operating lever 38 further moves along the connecting hole 32 due to the biasing force of the spring 39, and finally becomes longer. It automatically settles at the intermediate position of the hole 31, that is, the intermediate position of the elongated hole 31 by sliding the second neutral position E in the lateral direction. In this intermediate position, the operating lever 3 is placed on the forward rotation side.
8, the gears can be brought into meshing state immediately without any loss stroke. The action of the spring 39 increases the responsiveness of the forward rotation operation, and when the operating lever 36 is shifted from this intermediate position in the extending direction of the elongated hole 31, at least the power is transmitted only to the forward rotation side. It will be held in Therefore, it can be said that normal rotation is prioritized at the intermediate position.
As a result, the rotation of the winch, etc. is executed with a predominance on the forward rotation side, and in conjunction with the above-mentioned coordination of the forward rotation side operations, for example, if the forward rotation side is set in the direction in which the winch, etc. It is possible to improve handling safety.

In this way, even if there are two neutral positions when switching power transmission, the first and second neutral positions G and E can be properly viewed through the ends of the elongated holes 30 and 31, and these neutral positions G , E are reliably regulated by the elongated holes 30 and 31. Therefore, unlike the prior art, the neutral position can be accurately determined, and erroneous operation of the operating lever 38 can be prevented. Moreover, such erroneous operations can be prevented with an extremely simple structure, and the purpose can be achieved at low cost.

Note that the shift pattern groove 42 formed in the positioning plate 41 is formed in the long hole 4 as shown in FIG.
Recesses 45, 46, 47 into which the operating lever 38 can be inserted may be provided at the ends of the recesses 3, 44.

(Effects) According to the present invention, the shift pattern groove has two elongated holes that are parallel to each other and overlap each other by at least a predetermined distance corresponding to the lock release stroke of the gear locking mechanism in the extending direction, and one of the elongated holes. a connecting hole that connects one end to the middle part of the other long hole, and the other end position of one long hole is set to a predetermined length in the extending direction of the shift pattern groove from the other end position of the other long hole. Since the end of one elongated hole and the other end of the other elongated hole correspond to the neutral position, the neutral position of the operating lever can be accurately set using the shift pattern groove with a simple structure and at low cost. It can be made constant while being visually visible, and erroneous operation of the operating lever can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 7 are views showing an embodiment of the switching device according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a perspective view of its positioning plate, FIG. 2 is a plan view of its positioning plate, and FIG. 3 is its gears. 4 is a sectional view of the switching mechanism, FIGS. 5 a to d are views in the direction of the - arrow in FIG. 3, and FIGS. 6 a to d are sectional views in the direction of the - arrow in FIG. 5. , Fig. 7 is a plan view showing another example of the positioning plate, Figs. 8 to 12 are views showing a conventional switching device, Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the positioning plate, and Fig. 9 is a gear. 10 is a sectional view of the switching mechanism, FIGS. 11a to 11d are views in the direction of the - arrow in FIG.
2A to 2D are sectional views taken along the - arrow in FIG. 11. 20... Gear slip-off prevention mechanism, 25... Power take-off mechanism (power switching mechanism), 29... Positioning plate, 30, 31... Long hole, 32... Connection hole, 33... Shift pattern groove, 38... Operation lever.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A positioning plate in which a shift pattern groove including two neutral positions is formed, an operating lever that passes through the shift pattern groove and is rotatably supported by the positioning plate and moves along the shift pattern groove, and is connected to the operating lever. a gear locking mechanism that locks the meshing positions of the gears at each of the plurality of power transmission positions of the power switching mechanism, and returns to the corresponding neutral position when the gears are disengaged from these power transmission positions; the power switching mechanism that receives the operating force of the lever via a gear locking mechanism and transmits and releases the power using a predetermined gear;
In the switching device, the shift pattern grooves are parallel to each other and overlap each other by a predetermined distance corresponding to at least the lock release stroke of the gear locking mechanism in the extending direction, and one end of the one of the elongated holes. and a connecting hole that connects the other long hole to the middle part of the other long hole, and the other end position of one long hole is set by a predetermined length in the extending direction of the shift pattern groove from the other end position of the other long hole. A switching device characterized in that the switching device is made to protrude so that one end of one elongated hole and the other end of the other elongated hole respectively correspond to the neutral position.