JPS628283B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pulverization method and apparatus that can treat long-fiber bark such as cedar and cypress trees, which are the most difficult to pulverize.

For example, to effectively utilize wood waste materials such as bark,
Attempts are being made to turn this into pellets and use it as fuel. In this kind of pelletizing,
First, as a preliminary treatment, it is necessary to pulverize the material, but in the case of long-fiber bark such as cedar and cypress, for example, even if they are combined together, they are extremely bulky, and since they are long fibers, conventional pulverization is difficult. In the machine, the material may become entangled with the parts responsible for the crushing action, or the material to be processed may not be effectively fed into the crushing blades.
No proper treatment was possible. For example, in a device cited as prior art to the present invention, a hammer acting like a hammer mill is provided on a base plate fixed to a machine frame so as to close the bottom of a rotating drum, and the hammer rotates within the rotating drum. An example of this is a device designed to crush grass, etc., which is the material to be processed. However, with such conventional devices, since the hammering or crushing action is used, even grass is not crushed into short pieces, but is processed into a state that can be bent into relatively long pieces. It's just being done. Therefore, when treating long-fiber bark, which is more difficult to process than grass, it is almost impossible to crush it into short pieces.

The present invention was made in view of the shortcomings of the conventional methods, and proposes a new device that can effectively crush long fiber bark of cedar, cypress, etc. into short pieces. It is. That is, the method of crushing long fiber bark, etc. of the present invention consists of a cylindrical rotating drum, a substrate fixed to a frame so as to cover the bottom of the rotating drum, and a cylindrical body protruding from a blade opening opened in the substrate. It is equipped with a shaped cutlet,
In the method of sequentially pulverizing the material to be processed in the rotating drum using a cylindrical cutter, the material to be processed in the middle of the pulverization process is temporarily stored on the discharge side of the cutter. It is something.
The device of the present invention includes a cylindrical rotating drum;
It comprises a substrate fixed to a frame so as to cover the bottom of the rotating drum, and a cylindrical cutter protruding somewhat from a cutting edge opened in the substrate, and a cutter with a cylindrical shape protruding from a cutting edge opened in the substrate. It is characterized by providing a receiving shelf having a drop hole so as to directly or indirectly surround it.

The present invention will be specifically described below based on illustrated embodiments. Reference numeral F denotes a frame constructed by combining appropriate steel materials, and above this frame F, the rotating drum 1 is mounted. This rotating drum 1 has a guide protrusion 2 formed on its side periphery, and a plurality of rollers 3 are provided on the frame F so as to sandwich the guide protrusion 2.
It rotatably supports the rotating drum 1.
Inside the rotating drum 1, a triangular ridge-shaped stirring plate 4 is provided near the bottom thereof. Of course, this stirring plate 4 is not necessarily essential, and the number of stirring plates 4 may be one, two, or more as appropriate. Further, a rack 5 is provided on the side circumference of the rotating drum 1, and a pinion 6 provided on the output shaft of the motor _M1 is engaged with this rack 5 to drive the rotating drum 1. In addition, the code 7 is the rotating drum 1
It is a cover that surrounds the Further, on the bottom side of the rotating drum 1, a substrate 10 separate from the rotating drum 1 is fixed to the frame F so as to close this part, and this substrate 10 has a circular center on the top side. This is to form the uneven strips 11. This substrate 10 is
A part of the cutter 12 is opened to form a cutting edge 12, and a cylindrical cutter 13 is exposed to this part.
Furthermore, a receiving blade 14 is provided at the cutting edge 12 in the direction in which the cutter 13 rotates, and a receiving blade 15 is provided on the other side. To explain this cutter 13, as shown in FIG. 5, this cutter has a large number of blades 16 and spacers 17 stacked alternately and fixed to a shaft 18, and the cutting edges 19 of the blades 16 are adjacent to each other. It is preferable that the lines are arranged in a spiral manner as a whole with some deviation. Further, a cutter blade provided as a general-purpose part can be used as the blade 16, but in this case, it is also preferable that the depth of the "throat" at the cutting edge is made shallow. In this case, it is possible to interpose a spacer 20 as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, and adjust the depth of the "throat" by appropriately setting the dimensions of the spacer 20. Therefore, the grinding size can be adjusted as appropriate. And this katsuta 1
3 is driven by a motor attached to frame F.
The rotation is transmitted from the output shaft of _{the motor M 2 to} the shaft 18 via the belt 22. Furthermore, a receiving shelf 23 is attached to the lower surface side of the board 10 so as to surround the lower part of the cutter 13, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
This receiving shelf 23 has a drop hole 24 of an appropriate size. Furthermore, a discharge conveyor 25 is provided below the receiving shelf 23 to discharge the pulverized long fiber bark and the like.

The present invention has the configuration as described above, and operates as follows to crush the material A to be treated, such as long fiber bark. This description of operating conditions will help understand the method of the invention. First, an appropriate amount of the material to be processed A is put into the rotary drum 1, and power is supplied to the motors _M1 and _M2 to start driving the rotary drum 1 and the cutter 13. At this time, the material A to be treated within the rotating drum 1 starts rotating together with the rotating drum. Of course, at this time, by providing the stirring plate 4 within the rotating drum 1, the material to be treated A can be effectively rotated. At this time, the material to be processed A is in a state where it rubs against the upper surface of the substrate 10.
Since the uneven strips 11 are formed on the surface of the material A, there is little resistance when the material A is rubbed against it.
Smooth operation can be expected. At this time, the slightly protruding blade 16 of the cutter 13 is placed in the lowermost part of the rotating drum 1.
It acts as if it were to scrape or cut into pieces. At this time, if the material A to be processed is scraped off by the blade 16 of the cutter 13, and it is sufficiently short, it will fall from the drop hole 24 of the receiving shelf 23 attached to surround the lower part of the cutter 13. Then, they are sequentially discharged by the discharge conveyor 25. However, for example, once Katsuta 13
Even if the material to be processed A has been subjected to the action of Become. The stored workpiece A in the middle of processing is again scooped up by the cutting edge 19 of the rotating cutter 13, and is then scooped up by the cutting edge 19 of the rotating cutter 13 and placed on the rack of the receiving shelf 23 or the turning receiving blade 15 or the receiving blade 1.
When it is further crushed in the part 4, it falls from the drop hole 24 of the receiving shelf 23 and is transferred to the discharge conveyor 25.
It is discharged by. In addition to being discharged by such a conveyor, the pulverized material A can also be taken out by so-called air blowing.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the member directly responsible for the crushing action is the cutter that performs the cutting action, long fibers can be effectively cut.
Furthermore, a receiving shelf is formed below the cutter 13 to re-pulverize the material A that cannot be pulverized into the desired shape, so that only the material that has undergone sufficient pulverization is discharged. , it is completely pulverized to the desired state.

As can be understood from the above explanation, the basic idea of the present invention is that the material to be processed that is sequentially crushed by the cutter is not immediately discharged, but is temporarily stored below the cutter (on the discharge side). In particular, it is possible to achieve even more thorough pulverization. Therefore,
Following this basic technical idea, the following embodiments can also be constructed. That is, the seventh
The cutter shown in the figure has a so-called two-stage configuration, and a sub-cutter 13A is attached below the cutter 13 on the board 10 side, and a drop hole is formed surrounding the cutter 13 and the sub-cutter 13A. A receiving shelf 23 with 24 is provided. In this embodiment, the material to be processed A that has been crushed by the cutter 13 is again picked up by the sub cutter 13A within the receiving shelf 23, and the fallen tags 2 on the receiving shelf 23 are
4, it is further crushed and taken out.

Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a puller 26 for taking out is separately provided in the receiving shelf 23. That is, the receiving shelf 23 surrounding the cutter 13 has a U-shaped cross section to form a large space on the discharge side of the cutter 13. A plurality of slit-shaped drop holes 24 are provided on the sides of this receiving shelf 23, and on the other hand, on the side of the receiving shelf 23, a platter 26 in which scraping pieces 28 are formed radially on a rotating shaft 27 is arranged. This scraping piece 28 is inserted into the receiving shelf 23 through the drop hole 24. The material A to be processed that has been crushed by the cutter 13 temporarily remains in the receiving shelf 23 and undergoes sufficient crushing treatment by the cutter 13, and is then sequentially discharged by the scraping piece 28 of the placker 26. It is.

In addition, in concretely implementing the present invention,
Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
For example, regarding the substrate 10, it is also possible to configure it in a so-called funnel shape with a deep bottom at the center.
By deforming in this way, depending on the properties of the material to be treated, the treatment can be carried out smoothly, and stones and the like can also be smoothly removed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the apparatus for crushing long fiber bark, etc. according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the same, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing the cutter portion, and Fig. 4. Figure 5 is a partially exploded perspective view of the cutter, Figure 6 is a plan view showing the cutting edge,
FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of a cutter showing another embodiment. F; Frame, 1; Rotating drum, 4; Stirring plate,
10; substrate, 12; cutting edge, 13; cutter, 23;
Receiving shelf, 24; Fall hole, A; Material to be treated.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylindrical rotating drum, a substrate fixed to a frame so as to close the bottom of the rotating drum, and a cylindrical cutter protruding somewhat from a cutting edge opened in the substrate. In the method of sequentially pulverizing the material to be processed in the rotating drum using a cylindrical cutter, the material to be processed in the middle of the pulverization process is temporarily stored on the discharge side of the cutter. A method for crushing long fiber bark, etc. 2. It comprises a cylindrical rotating drum, a base plate fixed to a frame so as to cover the bottom of the rotary drum, and a cylindrical cutter that somewhat protrudes from a cutting edge opened in the base plate, An apparatus for crushing long-fiber bark, etc., characterized in that a receiving shelf having a drop hole is provided below the cutter so as to directly or indirectly surround the cutter.