JPS628771A - Emergency escape apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applicable to buildings and other relatively high-rise buildings.
This relates to an emergency evacuation device used to evacuate from the outside of a building when the evacuation route is cut off due to fire or other disaster.

[Prior Art] Usually, recently constructed buildings are equipped with escape devices to assist in escape actions in the event of an emergency such as a fire. These devices, for example, are devices that are lowered from windows using ropes, and are installed at a rate of about one in each classroom on each floor.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] Since the above-mentioned device descends at a considerable speed, depending on the posture and other conditions during descent, there is a risk of injury at the point of descent, so it is not safe. I have a sexual problem. Furthermore, since these devices cannot be used from floors other than the floor where they are installed, evacuees on each floor can only use the devices on the 0th floor, as described above.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The gist of the configuration of the present invention is to provide an escape descending device disposed at the top of a building, and a net device for protecting escape descendants disposed at a descending position outside the lower part. The lowering device is composed of a winding drum around which a lowering rope is wound, a lower end position adjustment mechanism for lowering the lower end of the lowering rope to an arbitrary floor, and a lower end position adjustment mechanism for lowering the lower end of the lowering rope to a desired floor. The net device consists of a braking mechanism that brakes the rotation of the drum when descending, and a hoisting mechanism that winds up the descending rope.On the other hand, the net device includes a net member that protects the evacuating descendant, and a winding mechanism that winds up the descending rope. This is an emergency evacuation device consisting of a telescopic net support mechanism in which the net is expanded in advance.

The braking mechanism is configured to apply a corresponding braking force to the brake drum according to the weight of the escape descender, so that the descending rope is unwound at substantially the same speed regardless of the weight of the escape descender. For example, a brake drum is coaxially connected to a winding drum of a descending rope, and a brake shoe is placed so that it can move toward and away from it, and the force applied to the descending rope during descent is measured, and the brake shoe is adjusted accordingly. The brake drum is configured so that it comes into pressure contact with the brake drum. This braking device applies a weak braking force up to a height of about 1.5 m above the net device to allow the descent to take place at a relatively high speed, and only applies a sufficiently strong braking force from this point onwards to improve overall performance. It is preferable to improve evacuation speed.

The above-mentioned rope lower end position adjustment t1'1ja, structure is, for example,
A ratchet wheel is coaxially connected to the above winding drum,
A stopper pawl is detachably engaged with the ratchet wheel, and a detachment operation rope is connected to the stopper pawl so that the stopper pawl is separated from the ratchet wheel while being pulled. If appropriate metal fittings are fixed to the lower end of the descending rope to be connected to a belt to be wrapped around the body, then when the stopper pawl is detached from the ratchet wheel as described above, the weight of the metal fittings will be reduced. The descending rope descends. Of course, the braking mechanism is
It is necessary to make sure that the weight of the metal fittings does not work. In this way, by pulling the escape operation rope, the descending rope can be lowered to the required floor, so that evacuees on intermediate floors can also use this device.

The winding mechanism can basically be constructed by attaching a ratchet pawl and a lever for moving the ratchet pawl to the ratchet wheel. A hoisting rope that reaches all the way to the ground is connected to the lever, and a spring that pulls in the opposite direction is connected to the lever so that the ratchet pawl does not engage the ratchet wheel unless the hoisting rope is pulled. When pulled, the ratchet pawl engages the ratchet wheel and moves it in the operating direction of the lever (winding direction).
It will be rotated to As mentioned above, the ratchet wheel is connected to the winding drum so that it simultaneously rotates and winds up the descending rope.

Alternatively, the winding mechanism may be configured with a battery-driven DC motor as the drive source.If this is configured to use this as the drive source to wind up and rotate the winding drum, it is possible to quickly wind up even high-rise buildings. . The battery may be configured to be constantly charged in case of an emergency.

On the other hand, it goes without saying that the net member in the net device is made of flame-retardant or non-combustible material.

Further, the net support mechanism is configured to be extendable and retractable using, for example, a rage-tongue mechanism, and is usually installed in a folded state on the side wall of a building. Further, a spring or the like is used to extend the rage-tongue mechanism. The spring is normally restrained, and when the weight of the evacuee is applied to the descending rope, the spring is configured to detect this and immediately release the restraint, extend the rage-tongue mechanism, and expand the net member. do.

[Function] Since the present invention is configured as described above, it can be installed especially in high-rise buildings to prevent the loss of internal evacuation routes such as stairs in the event of an emergency such as a fire. Even in the event of a disaster, evacuees on each floor can use this to safely descend and evacuate.

When evacuating, first wrap the lower end of the descending rope around your body and secure it, or connect a belt or the like wrapped around your body to the descending rope, and then start descending using the descending rope. At this time, safety is ensured by expanding the net member of the net device placed on the ground in advance or at the same time. In order to expand the net members, special operations may be required, or if the net device is configured as described above, the net members will expand as soon as their weight is applied to the lowering rope.

The descending speed by the descending rope is maintained at a constant safe speed regardless of the weight of the evacuee because the braking mechanism applies a braking force according to the weight of the evacuee as described above. This descending speed is set as high as is safely possible, and as mentioned above, once the net device has descended to a height of about 1.5 m above the net member, the braking force is rapidly increased to ensure safety. This ensures the effect of the net member and further safety.

After one evacuee has finished descending, by pulling the hoisting rope of the hoisting mechanism and moving the lever to activate the ratchet mechanism, the one-turn drum can be hoisted and rotated, and the descending rope can be hoisted. Alternatively, if a DC motor is used as the drive source for winding and rotating the winding drum, winding can be easily carried out at high speed even in a fairly high-rise building simply by turning on the power switch. If the battery is used as a power source and is configured to be constantly charged as described above, there will be no problem in hoisting the descending rope even if there is a power outage in an emergency.

It should be noted that the next evacuee can also use it for descent evacuation in the same manner as above.

When an evacuee on an intermediate floor uses this device, the lower end position adjustment mechanism of the rope is used to lower the descending rope to the 0th floor. This can be easily done by pulling the breakaway operation rope.

[Example] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, this device basically consists of an evacuation descending device l placed at the top of building B and a net device 2 for protecting escape and descending persons placed at the lower outside lowering position. Configure.

As shown in FIG. 2, the support box 3 of the lowering device 1 is equipped with brake drums 4.4 at both ends, and a winding drum 6 to which a ratchet wheel 5 is connected to one outer end.
The interior can be rotated freely.

A winding groove for rope winding is formed in this winding drum 6, and the descending rope 7 is wound along this winding groove. A metal ring 8 is fixed to the outer end of the descending rope 7, which is used to connect, for example, a belt wrapped around the body's torso to the descending rope 7.

Both brake drums 4.4 are configured to be braked by a pair of brake shoes 9.9, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. The brake shoes 9.9 of each brake drum 4, 4 engage the pins on their backs in the adjustment grooves 10' of the braking force adjustment piece 10, while the relative weight of the weight applied to the descending rope 7 via the link It is connected to a rope force receiver 11 that detects changes in force. In addition, the above-mentioned braking force adjustment piece 10
．． 10... are the adjustment grooves 1 gradually moving downward.
0' is arranged so that it approaches the brake drum 4.

In addition, the lobe force holder 11 has a spring 1 attached to the lower part of the support box 3.
Supported via 2.12.

A roller 13 is provided directly below the winding drum 6 along its axial direction, and is used to detect the weight of the descending rope 7. The roller 13 receives the weight of the descending rope 7, and the springs L2, 12...
When the lobe force receiver 11.11 is lowered against the
The bins of the brake shoes 9.9 move downward to bring the brake shoes 9.9 into pressure contact with the brake drum 4 to generate braking force.

The length of the rope is 2 to 3 m from the end of the rope winding on the winding drum 6.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, another pressure detection roller 14 is placed directly below the drum 6 near the roller 1.
3 and is configured to receive pressure from the unwinding movement of the descending rope 7 (unwinding movement along the winding groove of the winding drum 6), and this pressure is transmitted through the link. The rope force is transmitted to the pedestal 11.11.

When the lower end of the descending rope 7 descends to a height of approximately 1.5 m above the upper surface of the net member 25 of the device 2, this is detected by the pressure detection roller 14, and the rope receives the force through the link. Since it acts to pull down the platform 11.11, the brake shoes 9.9 come into even stronger pressure contact with the brake drum 4.4, and a strong braking force acts to immediately reduce the descending speed.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the ratchet wheel 5 is provided with a stopper pawl 15 which can be freely engaged with and detached from the ratchet wheel 5 and is applied with an acting force in the direction of engagement. The above-mentioned acting force of the stopper claw 15 is applied by a spring 16.

This stopper claw 15 is rotatable around a pin, and a claw detachment rope 17 is connected to the outer end of the stopper claw 15 to suspend it to the second floor.

However, when the detachment rope 17 is pulled at an intermediate floor, the stopper pawl 15 detaches from the ratchet wheel 5 and the winding drum 6 is allowed to rotate freely, so that the descending rope 7 pulls the detachment rope 17. While being pulled, it is unrolled by its own weight and its lower end can be lowered to the required floor.

Furthermore, the outer end of the stopper claw 15 is provided with the rope force receiver 1.
A rope 18 is connected between the evacuee and the first bracket, and the stopper claw 15 is automatically removed when the evacuee descends using the descending rope 7.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the ratchet wheel 5 has a ratchet pawl 19 and an operating lever 2 on which the ratchet pawl 19 is pivoted.
Add 0. The operating lever 20 is configured such that its outer end can be raised and lowered around a pin at its inner end, and a spring 21 is connected so that it is normally in a raised state.
The ratchet pawl 19 is detached from the ratchet wheel 5 when the operating lever 20 is in the lifted state, and is engaged when the outer end of the operating lever 20 is pulled down. The ratchet pawl 19 has a pawl portion attached to the ratchet wheel 5.
A spring 22 is attached so that a force directed toward the side can be applied, and a stopper 23 is provided to regulate the force.
is fixed to the operating lever 20, and the operating lever 20
A hoisting rope 24 is connected to the outer end of the hoist and suspended near the ground. Thus the result of using the descending rope 7.

When it is unwound to the ground, the hoisting rope 24
By raising and lowering the ratchet wheel 5, the ratchet wheel 5 can be rotated in the winding direction of the winding drum 6, and the lowering rope 7 can be rewound.

As shown in FIG. 1, the net device 2 basically consists of a net member 25 and a telescopic support mechanism that supports the net member 25.

The neck member 25 has a length sufficient for the extended state of the support mechanism, with the front and rear ends fixed to the upper end of the support plate 28 (described later), which is the front end of the support mechanism, and the rear end of the support mechanism. shall be taken as a thing. Of course, the net member 25 is made of flame retardant or non-combustible material.

The support mechanism consists of a pair of lage-tongue mechanisms 26.26 located on both sides and a support plate 28 with casters 27.27 located at the front end. The rear end is connected to the building B side wall. Connecting rails r, r are fixed to the inner surface of the support plate 28 and the side surface of the building B, respectively, and are connected to the front and rear ends of the rage-tongue mechanism 26, 26, respectively.

Further, a guide rail (not shown) is provided on the lower surface of the support mechanism in accordance with the direction of expansion and contraction of the support mechanism, and the caster 27.
7 is configured to move along this guide rail. - The force support mechanism includes a pair of rage-tongue mechanisms 26.
26, springs 29 are disposed near both sides of the support plate 26, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, seven hooks 30 are provided protruding from the support plate 28. By releasably engaging this hook 30 with another hook 31 provided on the side wall of the building B, the shortened state of the support mechanism is maintained. The hook 31 is connected to the rope force receiver 11 via a link, and as soon as a weight is applied to the descending rope 7 for evacuation descent, the hook 31
from the hook 39. Thus, at the same time as the start of evacuation descent, the restraint on the spring 29 is released, the support mechanism is extended, the net member 25 is expanded, and safety is ensured.

Since this embodiment is configured as described above,
It can be installed and used as follows.

First, in a building B such as a high-rise building, a descending device 1 is fixedly installed on the edge of the roof, and a net device 2 is provided on the ground side corresponding to this.

In the event of an emergency such as a fire, if an evacuation route such as an internal staircase is lost, evacuees on each floor can safely descend from the outside of building B and evacuate using the above device.

When evacuating, evacuees on the top floor can reach the lower end of the descending lobe 7 through a window, etc., but evacuees on intermediate floors cannot reach the lower end of the descending lobe 7. The rope 7 is lowered, and then the lowering rope 7 is pulled in and connected and fixed by engaging the hook of a belt or the like that has been previously wrapped around the body and secured to the metal ring 8. After that, when the user takes his body out of the building B through a window or the like and puts his weight on the descending rope 7, the support mechanism of the net device 2 placed immediately below extends, the net member 25 is expanded, and safety is ensured. As described above, the descending speed by the descending rope 7 is controlled by a braking force according to the weight of the evacuee, so that any evacuee can maintain the same safe descending speed.

This descent speed is set as high as is safe. Further, as described above, the net member 2 of the net device 2
When the vehicle descends to a height of approximately 1.5 m above the vehicle, the braking force of the braking mechanism increases rapidly to ensure further safety. Together with the effect of the net member 25, safety is further improved.

Each time the evacuee finishes descending, the hoisting rope 24 of the hoisting mechanism is repeatedly pulled down, and the operating lever 2
The winding drum 6 is raised and lowered by raising and lowering the winding drum 6 and operating the ratchet mechanism.
can be rolled up and rotated, and the descending rope 7 can be rewound. In this way, a large number of evacuees in building B can descend and evacuate using the above method.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention allows evacuees on all floors to evacuate using the device, and also ensures safety because the net is automatically spread to the corresponding position on the ground. It is something that

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway overall explanatory view, Fig. 2 is an overall explanatory view of the internal side of the descending device, and Fig. 3 is an illustration where the lower end of the descending rope is on the ground. An enlarged partial explanatory view of the auxiliary braking mechanism that acts when the vehicle approaches the vehicle, FIG. 4 is an end view of the braking mechanism, and FIG. 5 is an explanation showing the winding mechanism of the descending rope and the mechanism for adjusting the lower end position of the descending rope. It is a diagram. l... Lowering device, 2... Net device, 3... Support box, 4... Brake drum, 5... Ratchet wheel, 6... Winding drum, 7... Lowering rope , 8
...Metal ring, 9...Brake shoe, 10...
- Braking force adjustment piece, lO'...adjustment groove, 11...lobe force receiver, 12.16.21.22.29...spring, 13...roller, 14...pressure detection roller ,
15... Stopper claw, 17... Lobe for claw removal, 1
8... Robe, 19... Ratchet claw, 20...
Operation lever, 23... Stopper, 24... Hoisting rope, 25... Net member, 26... Rage-tongue mechanism, 27... Caster, 28... Support plate, 3
0.31...Hook, B...Building, r...Connection rail. Patent applicant: Iwate Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Patent attorney Yukio Kibata Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] It consists of a descending device for escape placed at the top of the building, and a net device for protecting people escaping and falling, placed at the lower part outside the lower part of the building. , a rope lower end position adjustment mechanism that allows the lower end of the descending rope to be lowered to an arbitrary floor, a braking mechanism that brakes the rotation of the drum when an evacuee descends using the descending rope, and a mechanism that winds the descending rope. On the other hand, the net device is composed of a net member for protecting the evacuating person and a telescopic net support mechanism that expands the net prior to escaping and descending in an emergency. Features an emergency escape device.