JPS6287936A - Electrode substrate for liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to an electrode substrate for a liquid crystal display.

In a liquid crystal display, a liquid crystal material is placed between two opposing electrode substrates, a voltage is applied between the electrodes, and a single image is displayed using the electro-optical effect of the liquid crystal.

(Prior Art) Various display systems and drive systems for liquid crystal displays have been proposed, and electrode substrates suitable for each system are being researched and developed. The present invention relates to the structure of an electrode substrate.
By using the electrode substrate according to the present invention in a liquid crystal display, a high quality image can be obtained. Many methods have been proposed for displaying colors on a liquid crystal display, and currently, method b'--which is a common method of providing a color filter to display multi-colors or full-colors.

The electrode substrate will be explained using the XY matrix method, which is a typical driving method. As shown in FIG. 8(A), two electrode substrates constitute 1, 1i11. The electrode substrates are transparent substrates (1) and (2) with color filters (described later) as needed.
, transparent electrodes, etc. are formed. (Omitted in Figure 8) Figure 8 (B) shows the cross section of Figure 8 (A). Transparent substrates (1) (2) on which color filters, transparent electrodes, etc. are formed as required. ) Apply adhesive (3) to the periphery of the parts and stick them together. At this time, in order to maintain the distance between the two electrode substrates at about 10 μm, a spacer (4
) is required. The two electrode substrates placed together at a constant interval in this manner seal the filling opening after filling the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal filling device.

Regarding the electrode substrate according to the present invention, FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of an example of a conventional color electrode substrate. For example, a chromium film is formed on the transparent substrate (1) by sputtering and photoetching techniques to form a light shielding film (5). Next, plum, green, and zen color filters (6R), (6G), and (6B) are formed by a method such as a dyeing method. Next, the transparent electrode for driving the liquid crystal (7
) is formed using techniques such as vacuum evaporation and photoetching to form an indium oxide pattern. Usually, the dough 7 is further coated with polyimide resin or the like and subjected to rubbing treatment to complete one side of the electrode substrate as an alignment film. The other electrode substrate is a color filter (because of the operating principle of a color liquid crystal display).
6R).

Although (6G) and (6B) are not required, they have roughly the same structure.

Regarding the structure of the electrode substrate with color filters, a structure as shown in FIG. 10 has also been proposed. That is, first, a transparent electrode (7) and a light shielding film (5) are formed on a transparent substrate (1), and then color filters (6R) and (6G) are placed on top of these.

(6B) is formed, and finally an alignment film is formed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) A problem with liquid crystal displays is that their response speed is slow compared to electrode ray tubes and other displays. Therefore, when used in color televisions, for example, these problems are improved by reducing the number of scanning electrodes or by using thin film transistors to effectively lengthen the time during which voltage is applied to the liquid crystal. However, in these methods, for example, if the number of scanning electrodes is reduced, slight image distortion occurs and the resolution in the vertical direction deteriorates. In addition, the method of using thin film transistors requires forming a large number of thin film transistors on the entire surface of the substrate, which is extremely problematic in terms of screen size and cost. Among them, strong electric liquid crystals are one of them, which has received attention in recent years.For example, when using strong electric liquid crystals, the present invention makes the electrode substrate spacing much narrower than the conventional approximately 10 μm. In this case, it was necessary to manufacture the electrode substrates with reasonable precision and obtain the image of a high-quality color liquid crystal display.However, it was necessary to maintain the distance between the electrode substrates with such precision. I couldn't do it.

(Means for solving the problem) A light-shielding film having a spacer function is formed on the electrode substrate to make the thickness of the liquid crystal I- constant in the liquid crystal display, and if necessary, the light-shielding film is provided with missing parts. By providing a ferroelectric liquid crystal and making it easier to encapsulate the liquid crystal in the post-process, the distance between the electrode substrates can be set between 0.5 and 2 μm, making it possible to use 1 ferroelectric liquid crystal, resulting in high quality. It is possible and easy to obtain a single image on the liquid crystal display.

(Function) According to the present invention, it is possible to provide precision in the distance between the electrode substrates, which has been a problem in the past, and this makes it possible to manufacture a liquid crystal display using a liquid crystal that has been difficult to handle in the past. I can do it.

(Example) To describe the details of the present invention, an example thereof is shown in FIG. A transparent electrode (force) made of, for example, indium oxide is formed on a transparent substrate (1). This is usually done by processing an indium oxide film formed by sputtering or vacuum evaporation into a predetermined shape using photoetching technology, as shown in Figure 1 ( stomach)
It became as shown in

Next are color filters such as (6R) and (6G).

(6B) is formed. This color filter (SR).

(6G) and (6B) are generally formed by sequentially dyeing gelatin layers, for example. Next, a light-shielding film (8) is formed.This light-shielding film (8) is not a light-shielding film that only has a light-shielding property as shown in FIG. It functions as a spacer for uniform formation. The light shielding film (8) is generally formed by printing technology, but other techniques such as e) I
The technique of J. Sogelafy may be applied. The film thickness of the light-shielding film (8) having a spacer function is, for example, the above-mentioned continuous casting 'i
When using this type of liquid crystal, a thickness of about 0.5 to 2 μm is considered appropriate. In Figure 1, transparent electrodes (7) and color filters (6R), (6G), (6B) are mounted on a transparent substrate (1).
), and a light-shielding film (8) is formed on the upper surface of the car.
To show another example according to the present invention, as explained in FIG. 8, two electrode substrates constitute 1Mi, but the light shielding film (8) with a spacer function does not form a color filter. Of course, it is also possible to form it on the electrode substrate of
An example is shown in FIG. A transparent electrode (
It is also possible to form the light shielding film (8) after forming the light shielding film (8). Further, in FIG. 2, a light shielding film (8) is formed after forming a transparent electrode (9) on a transparent substrate (2).

It is also possible to form transparent polarization (9) after forming the light shielding film (8).

Another example according to the present invention is shown in FIG. In the example shown in Fig. 3, the light shielding film is composed of color filters (6R), (6G), (6B
) is formed by overlapping them, and this is provided with a function as a spacer.

As shown in Figure 3 (A), a color filter (6R) that transmits only red light is attached to the transparent substrate (11) by forming a transparent polarization (force) and using the dyeing method described above, for example, as shown in Figure 6 (Ro). ) As shown in (), the light shielding area is formed, including the vague portions to be formed.

Next, as shown in Figure 5←→, there is a color filter, for example, that only transmits green light (6G)? Form. This color filter
(6G) is also formed in a portion that originally functions as a green filter and a portion where the light shielding film is to be formed. Also see Figure 6)
A color filter (6B) that only transmits blue light as shown in
is formed in the same way.

As can be seen from Figure 5), the light shielding film (8) shown in Figure 2 (B)
) corresponding to the light shielding film h″-(6R), (6G), (6B
) can be formed by laminating layers. The formation of color filters by the above-mentioned dyeing method is a well-known fact, but for example, a sensitizer is added to gelatin and the gelatin is dyed by 0.5 to 2 μm by spin coding.
By applying the film to a thickness of m and then repeating the process for photochromic, green, and blue, each color filter consisting of 6 colors (
6R), (6G), and (6B) are completed. In addition to the dyeing method, a commonly used printing method may be used to form the color filter. Furthermore, the color filter produced by the dyeing method described above can be made to have a predetermined thickness with high accuracy by controlling the viscosity, spinner rotation speed, etc. of the gelatin layer in the layer to be dyed. Therefore, by adjusting the polarization interval using this electrode substrate, the interval can be adjusted with high accuracy. This is a color filter (6R), (+SG
), (6B) means that the thickness of the light-shielding film formed by laminating layers is controlled with high precision.

Further, according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the entire area between the striped color filters (6R), (6G), and (6B) is a light-shielding film (8) or a color filter (6R).

Although there is little problem in filling it with a stack of (6G) and (6B),
As shown in FIG. 5, driving method 1 other than IJ Hooks, for example, in a static driving method, a square dot or the like is often used instead of a striped color filter for the electrode substrate. In this case, a color filter (6
If the spaces between R), (6G), and (6B) are all filled with light shielding material (8), it will be difficult to encapsulate the liquid crystal. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, a missing portion (tlO) of the light-shielding portion is formed in a circle that does not interfere with the display of the image on the display.

Of course, even when the color filters (6R), (6G), and (6B) are striped, the missing portion of the light-shielding portion can be removed within a range that does not interfere with the display of the image on the liquid crystal display, as shown in Figure 6. 110) to make it easier to encapsulate the liquid crystal.

Regarding the missing part of the light-shielding film, is it a color filter? I have explained the electrode substrate on the forming side.

(It is clear that the counter substrate, which is the electrode substrate on which no color filter is formed, is also within the scope of the present invention.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it has become possible to keep the interval between electrode substrates constant with high precision. This results in high precision for each image. Furthermore, even when the distance between the electrode substrates is as small as 0.5 to 2 μm, the distance between the electrode substrates can be precisely adjusted.
It became possible to use forced liquid crystals.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 3m: Figures 4 to 4 showing the cross section of Akira's electrode plate
FIG. 7: A diagram showing the plane of the electrode substrate of the present invention. FIG. 8: A diagram for explaining the assembly of the color liquid crystal display' peep wax substrate. FIGS. 9 and 10: A cross-sectional view of an example of the conventional electrode substrate. Figure m, (2): Transparent substrate (6R), (6G), (6B): Color filter (8):
Light shielding film 10) Missing part of double light film

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) An electrode for a liquid crystal display comprising at least a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode, and a light-shielding film, wherein the light-shielding film extends to an opposing substrate. substrate. 2) The electrode substrate for a liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding film extending to the opposing substrate has a missing portion.