JPS6310874B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6310874B2 JPS6310874B2 JP9949081A JP9949081A JPS6310874B2 JP S6310874 B2 JPS6310874 B2 JP S6310874B2 JP 9949081 A JP9949081 A JP 9949081A JP 9949081 A JP9949081 A JP 9949081A JP S6310874 B2 JPS6310874 B2 JP S6310874B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sulfate
- sheathed heater
- insulation resistance
- added
- heating wire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 sulfate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000385 transition metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、高熱時絶縁抵抗、高絶縁耐圧を有
し、かつそれらの経時変化が少ない長寿命、高品
質のシーズヒータを提供するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a long-life, high-quality sheathed heater that has insulation resistance at high temperatures, high dielectric strength voltage, and little change over time.
一般に、シーズヒータの絶縁充填材としてマグ
ネシアが用いられている。このマグネシアは吸湿
して冷時絶縁抵抗が低くなるため、単にマグネシ
アのみを絶縁充填材として用いることができず、
種々の工夫がなされている。例えば、表面温度
400℃程度以下の低温用シーズヒータでは、シリ
コーン樹脂をマグネシア粉体表面に被覆して撥水
性を与えることにより、吸湿による冷時絶縁抵抗
の低下を防止している。そのため、低温用シーズ
ヒータの両端開口部は、ガラス等による封口が必
要でなく、簡単な樹脂封口でよく、封口部での気
体の出入も容易であり、また低温であるため、マ
グネシア自体の固有抵抗も高いので、寿命、熱時
絶縁抵抗、及び絶縁耐圧において問題点は少な
い。 Magnesia is generally used as an insulating filler for sheathed heaters. This magnesia absorbs moisture and lowers the insulation resistance when cold, so magnesia alone cannot be used as an insulating filler.
Various efforts have been made. For example, surface temperature
In sheathed heaters for low temperatures below about 400°C, the surface of magnesia powder is coated with silicone resin to provide water repellency, thereby preventing a drop in insulation resistance when cold due to moisture absorption. Therefore, the openings at both ends of a low-temperature sheathed heater do not need to be sealed with glass or the like, but can be simply sealed with resin, and gas can easily enter and exit at the sealing part. Since the resistance is high, there are few problems in terms of life, insulation resistance under heat, and dielectric strength.
一方、表面温度850℃程度以下の中高温用シー
ズヒータでは、シリコーン樹脂の耐熱温度を超え
るため、上記方法で撥水性を与えることができな
い。それ故、シーズヒータ両端開口部をガラスで
封口し、水分の侵入を防ぐことにより冷時絶縁抵
抗の低下を防いでいる。しかしながら、ガラス封
口を施すことにより、封口部での気体の出入がな
くなり、シーズヒータ内部の気圧が低下して、熱
時絶縁抵抗、絶縁耐圧、及び寿命が劣化する。 On the other hand, in a medium-high temperature sheathed heater with a surface temperature of about 850° C. or lower, the heat resistance temperature of the silicone resin is exceeded, so water repellency cannot be imparted by the above method. Therefore, the openings at both ends of the sheathed heater are sealed with glass to prevent moisture from entering, thereby preventing a drop in insulation resistance when cold. However, by providing a glass seal, gas does not enter or exit at the sealing part, the air pressure inside the sheathed heater decreases, and the insulation resistance when heated, dielectric strength voltage, and service life deteriorate.
本発明は、上記のように、ガラス封口などによ
り気密に封口したシーズヒータの欠点を解消する
もので、絶縁充填材層に硫酸塩化合物を添加する
ことを特徴とする。 The present invention solves the drawbacks of the sheathed heater that is airtightly sealed with a glass seal, as described above, and is characterized by adding a sulfate compound to the insulating filler layer.
ここで、前記の硫酸塩としては、ナトリウム、
カリウムなどのアルカリ金属、マグネシウム、カ
ルシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属、ニツケル、鉄
などの遷移金属の硫酸塩が用いられる。 Here, the above-mentioned sulfate includes sodium,
Sulfates of alkali metals such as potassium, alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and calcium, and transition metals such as nickel and iron are used.
以下、本発明を実施例により説明する。 The present invention will be explained below using examples.
第１図はシーズヒータの構成例を示すもので、
１は金属パイプ、２はコイル状の電熱線、３は電
熱線に接続したターミナル、４はマグネシアから
なる絶縁充填材、５はガラス封口層である。本発
明では、充填材４へ硫酸塩を添加するものであ
る。 Figure 1 shows an example of the configuration of a sheathed heater.
1 is a metal pipe, 2 is a coiled heating wire, 3 is a terminal connected to the heating wire, 4 is an insulating filler made of magnesia, and 5 is a glass sealing layer. In the present invention, sulfate is added to the filler 4.
上記構成のシーズヒータは、ガラス封口を施し
ているため、封口部における気体（空気）の出入
がないので、ヒータ通電時には、従来例と同様、
電熱線の酸化が起こる。そしてシーズヒータ内部
の酸素分圧の低下に伴い、絶縁充填材に添加した
硫酸塩の解離が起こり、その生成物が電熱線と反
応して、酸化物及び硫化物を生成する。それ故、
シーズヒータ内圧の低下を防ぐことが可能とな
り、長時間にわたつて熱時絶縁抵抗及び絶縁耐圧
の劣化を防止することができ、寿命もそれに伴つ
て数倍以上となる。 Since the sheathed heater with the above configuration has a glass seal, there is no gas (air) going in or out at the sealing part, so when the heater is energized, like the conventional example,
Oxidation of the heating wire occurs. As the oxygen partial pressure inside the sheathed heater decreases, the sulfate added to the insulating filler dissociates, and its products react with the heating wire to generate oxides and sulfides. Therefore,
It becomes possible to prevent the internal pressure of the sheathed heater from decreasing, and deterioration of insulation resistance and dielectric strength voltage during heating can be prevented for a long period of time, and the service life is accordingly increased several times or more.
第２図は絶縁充填材に対して硫酸マグネシウム
の各種の割合で添加したシーズヒータについて、
ターミナル間にAC100Vを印加したときのパイプ
と電熱線間の絶縁抵抗の経時変化を比較した結果
を示す。硫酸塩の添加量が0.01重量％以下では効
果はなく、また10重量％以上添加すると、劣化は
ほとんどないが、初期から絶縁抵抗が低く実用的
でない。他の金属硫酸塩を添加した場合も同様の
傾向を示した。 Figure 2 shows sheathed heaters in which magnesium sulfate was added in various proportions to the insulating filler.
The results of comparing the change in insulation resistance between the pipe and the heating wire over time when 100V AC is applied between the terminals are shown. If the amount of sulfate added is less than 0.01% by weight, there is no effect, and if it is added more than 10% by weight, there is almost no deterioration, but the insulation resistance is low from the beginning, making it impractical. Similar trends were observed when other metal sulfates were added.
次に、絶縁充填材に硫酸マグネシウムを1.0重
量％添加した本発明のシーズヒータＡと、硫酸塩
を添加しない従来のヒータＢについて、各種の特
性を比較した結果を示す。 Next, the results of comparing various characteristics of the sheathed heater A of the present invention in which 1.0% by weight of magnesium sulfate was added to the insulating filler and the conventional heater B in which no sulfate was added are shown.
第３図はターミナル間にAC100Vを印加したと
きのパイプと電熱線間の絶縁抵抗の経時変化を示
し、第４図は同条件下で通電後のパイプと電熱線
間の絶縁耐圧の変化を示す。また、第５図は同じ
条件下で断線に至るまでの寿命を通電日数で表し
たものである。 Figure 3 shows the change over time in the insulation resistance between the pipe and the heating wire when 100V AC is applied between the terminals, and Figure 4 shows the change in the insulation resistance between the pipe and the heating wire after electricity is applied under the same conditions. . Moreover, FIG. 5 shows the life span until disconnection occurs under the same conditions in terms of the number of days of energization.
以上のように、本発明によれば、熱時絶縁抵
抗、絶縁耐圧の経時変化が少なく、長寿命のシー
ズヒータが得られる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a sheathed heater with a long life and little change over time in insulation resistance and withstand voltage during heating.
第１図は実施例のシーズヒータの要部を示す断
面図、第２図は充填材に各種の割合で硫酸塩を添
加した場合の熱時絶縁抵抗の経時変化を示す図、
第３図〜第５図は従来例との各種の特性を比較し
た図である。
１……パイプ、２……電熱線、３……ターミナ
ル、４……絶縁充填材、５……封口層。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the main parts of the sheathed heater of the example, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing changes over time in insulation resistance when heated when sulfate is added to the filler in various proportions.
3 to 5 are diagrams comparing various characteristics with the conventional example. 1... Pipe, 2... Heating wire, 3... Terminal, 4... Insulating filler, 5... Sealing layer.
Claims (1)
硫酸塩化合物を添加したことを特徴とするシーズ
ヒータ。 ２ 硫酸塩化合物が、アルカリ金属硫酸塩、アル
カリ土類金属硫酸塩または遷移金属硫酸塩である
特許請求の範囲第１項記載のシーズヒータ。 ３ 充填材に対する前記硫酸塩の添加割合が0.01
〜10重量％である特許請求の範囲第１項記載のシ
ーズヒータ。[Claims] 1. A sheathed heater characterized in that a sulfate compound is added to a filler layer that insulates a metal pipe and a heating wire. 2. The sheathed heater according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate compound is an alkali metal sulfate, an alkaline earth metal sulfate, or a transition metal sulfate. 3 The addition ratio of the sulfate to the filler is 0.01
The sheathed heater according to claim 1, wherein the content is 10% by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56099490A JPS581991A (en) | 1981-06-25 | 1981-06-25 | Sea heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56099490A JPS581991A (en) | 1981-06-25 | 1981-06-25 | Sea heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS581991A JPS581991A (en) | 1983-01-07 |
| JPS6310874B2 true JPS6310874B2 (en) | 1988-03-09 |
Family
ID=14248739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56099490A Granted JPS581991A (en) | 1981-06-25 | 1981-06-25 | Sea heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS581991A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0612693B2 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1994-02-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Ceramic heater and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP2537380B2 (en) * | 1988-02-18 | 1996-09-25 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Automotive body painting method and painting equipment |
-
1981
- 1981-06-25 JP JP56099490A patent/JPS581991A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS581991A (en) | 1983-01-07 |
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