JPS631402A - Concentrating method - Google Patents
Concentrating methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPS631402A JPS631402A JP61144736A JP14473686A JPS631402A JP S631402 A JPS631402 A JP S631402A JP 61144736 A JP61144736 A JP 61144736A JP 14473686 A JP14473686 A JP 14473686A JP S631402 A JPS631402 A JP S631402A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- sample
- soln
- peg
- concentration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/002—Forward osmosis or direct osmosis
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明は浸透圧利用の濃縮方法に関し、溶質としてポリ
エチレングリコール（以後ＰＥＧと略す）を用いるもの
であり、特に半透膜がセロファン膜である時有効である
。Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Application Field" The present invention relates to a concentration method using osmotic pressure, which uses polyethylene glycol (hereinafter abbreviated as PEG) as a solute, and in particular, where the semipermeable membrane is a cellophane membrane. Valid when
「従来の技術」
現在広く用いられている濃縮方法には、■有機溶媒沈殿
法 ■減圧加温濃縮法 ■減圧透析によゐ濃縮法 ■限
外Ｆ過濃縮法 ■凍結乾燥法などが上げらｎる。``Prior art'' Concentration methods that are currently widely used include: ■ Organic solvent precipitation method ■ Vacuum heating concentration method ■ Vacuum dialysis concentration method ■ Ultra-F overconcentration method ■ Freeze-drying method, etc. nru.
しかし、それぞれの濃縮方法には，次のような長所と短
所がおる。However, each concentration method has the following advantages and disadvantages.
■ 有！！４溶媒沈殿法は、大量の処理はできるが変性
を起こしやすい●
■ 減圧加温＠組法（工・ぐポレーター）は、変性のな
い場合高収率であるが、変比を起こしやすい。■ Yes! ! 4 The solvent precipitation method can process a large amount, but tends to cause denaturation.●■ The reduced pressure heating @assembly method (Ko・Guporator) has a high yield in the absence of denaturation, but tends to cause ratio inversion.
■ 減圧透析による濃縮法（コロノオン・々ソグ）は、
試料が少量の場合に簡便であるが、大量処理はできない
。■ Concentration method using vacuum dialysis (Coronon/Tasog)
It is convenient when the sample is small, but cannot be used for large-scale processing.
■ 限外戸過濃縮法（ダイアフィルトレーションなど）
は、楓々の孔径の膜を選択することにより、分画分子量
が明確で、大甘処理も少僅処理も可能であるが、サンプ
ルを加圧するため、装置は耐圧構造を必要とし、浅雑で
高価なものとなる。■ Ultraconcentration method (diafiltration, etc.)
By selecting a membrane with a pore size similar to that of Kaede, the molecular weight cutoff is clear and it is possible to perform both large and small processing, but since the sample is pressurized, the device requires a pressure-resistant structure, and it is shallow and complicated. It becomes expensive.
■ 凍結乾燥法は、変性失活のおそれは少ないが、時間
がかかったり、装置は非常に高価である。■ The freeze-drying method has little risk of denaturation and inactivation, but it is time-consuming and the equipment is very expensive.
他方、以上の一般的な濃縮方法とは別に、従来、ＰＥＧ
の水吸収能を利用したα縮法として、セロファンチュー
ブにサンプルを入れて密閉し、そのまわりにＰＥＧの乾
燥粉末をふりかけて放置する方法があった。この方法は
、サンプルの塩濃度ヲ変エずに濃縮できる点ですぐれて
いるが、大量の濃縮には適していない。On the other hand, apart from the general concentration methods mentioned above, conventionally, PEG
As an α-reduction method that takes advantage of the water absorption ability of , there is a method in which a sample is placed in a cellophane tube, sealed, and dried PEG powder is sprinkled around the tube and left to stand. This method is excellent in that it can be concentrated without changing the salt concentration of the sample, but it is not suitable for large-scale concentration.
「発明が解決しようとする手段」
本発明者等はこ几らの種号の方法に対し、さらＫ，こｎ
ら以外の方法として、加圧装置を必要としない簡便な新
規の方法を得るべく鋭意研究の結果特定の分子董範囲の
ＰＥＧを浸透圧和用の濃縮方法に用いることによりＰＥ
Ｇを溶液状懇で使用して優ｎた効果が得られることに着
目し、本発明に至った。``Means to be solved by the invention'' The present inventors have proposed the method of Sara K. and Kon et al.
As a method other than the above, we have conducted intensive research to find a new and simple method that does not require a pressurizing device, and as a result of our intensive research, we have developed a method that uses PEG in a specific molecular range in a concentration method for osmotic pressure summation.
The present invention was developed based on the fact that excellent effects can be obtained by using G in the form of a solution.
「問題点を房決するための手段」
すなわち、本発明は半透膜を介してポリエチレングリコ
ール浴液と接触させることによク溶液を濃縮することを
特徴とする濃縮方法である。"Means for Solving Problems" That is, the present invention is a concentration method characterized by concentrating a solution by bringing it into contact with a polyethylene glycol bath through a semipermeable membrane.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。The present invention will be explained in detail below.
本発明に使用する浸透圧を生じざせる改、縮液としては
ＰＥＧ溶液が用いられる。A PEG solution is used as the liquid condensate that generates osmotic pressure used in the present invention.
溶質としてのＰＥＧの好ましい平均分子量は半透膜のａ
類にもよるが、半透膜がセロファン膜の場合はその孔径
の関係から２００〜６０００である。The preferred average molecular weight of PEG as a solute is a of the semipermeable membrane.
Although it depends on the class, when the semipermeable membrane is a cellophane membrane, it is 200 to 6,000 in relation to its pore size.
２００未満では濃縮効来が悪くなる傾向にあク、６００
０を越えるとＰＥＧが浴けにくい傾向がちる。If it is less than 200, the concentration effect tends to be poor, but if it is less than 600
If it exceeds 0, PEG tends to be difficult to absorb.
この点から市販ＯＰＥＣ−１０００．２０００は本発明
に好適に使用できる。From this point of view, commercially available OPEC-1000.2000 can be suitably used in the present invention.
本発明に用いられ半透膜は水を通し、ＰＥＧを通さない
ものであればよいがＰＥＧとの組合せの点やその使用操
作上の容易嘔から好ましくは一般に再生セルロース膜と
総称されるものである。この再生セルロース膜と総称さ
れるものの中、本発明ではセロファン膜、ビスキング膜
、キープロハ／膜等が好ましく用いられる。本発明に用
いられる半透膜は通常透析に用いられているものを利用
することができる。The semipermeable membrane used in the present invention may be one that allows water to pass through but does not allow PEG to pass through, but from the viewpoint of combination with PEG and ease of use, it is preferably a membrane that is generally referred to as a regenerated cellulose membrane. be. Among the membranes collectively referred to as regenerated cellulose membranes, cellophane membranes, Bisking membranes, Key Proha/membranes, etc. are preferably used in the present invention. As the semipermeable membrane used in the present invention, those commonly used in dialysis can be used.
透析は、低分子は通すが高分子は通さない半透膜を通っ
ての溶質分子の拡散によって半透膜全通過しうる溶質粒
子を除去または添加する技術であシ、その半透膜として
代表的なものがセロファン膜である。Dialysis is a technique that removes or adds solute particles that can pass through the semipermeable membrane by diffusing solute molecules through the semipermeable membrane, which allows small molecules to pass through but not macromolecules. A typical example is cellophane membrane.
本発明においては、高分子の溶質であるＰＥＧ高濃度液
を用い、半透膜を介して接するやはυ高分子を含む質料
中の溶媒である水をＰＥＧ側に浸透させて資料を濃縮す
る。セロファン膜をつぎ目なしのチューブ状に成形した
ものがビスキングテエープ（米国ピスケース社！２！）
でいろいろな太さがあって便利である。さらに、オラン
ダのＡＫＺＯ社の開発したキュグロハン膜は、セロファ
ン膜やビスキング膜よりうすく、沖びが大きくてひっぱ
りに強く、孔径が一定であるので、血液透析膜として実
用化されたものとして優れたもので６Ｄ、上述の３独の
膜では、譲縮効果は著しく優れている。例えば、このキ
ーグロハン膜と前述のＰＥＧ − ２ ０ ０ ０水饅
液を組み合わせることにより、極めて秀れたａ縮手段ｔ
容易に提供することができる。In the present invention, a high concentration solution of PEG, which is a solute of a polymer, is used, and water, which is a solvent in a material containing a υ polymer, is permeated into the PEG side to concentrate the material. . Visking Tape is a cellophane membrane formed into a seamless tube (made by Piscase Inc., USA! 2!)
It comes in various thicknesses and is convenient. In addition, the Kygrohan membrane developed by AKZO in the Netherlands is thinner than cellophane membranes or Visking membranes, has a large opening, is resistant to tension, and has a constant pore diameter, making it an excellent material for practical use as a hemodialysis membrane. In 6D, the above-mentioned 3D film has a significantly superior constriction effect. For example, by combining this Keygrohan membrane with the aforementioned PEG-2000 water broth, an extremely excellent a-shrinkage method can be created.
can be easily provided.
本発明の濃縮方法の実施は例えば、半透膜をはさんで、
一方のセルにサングルを入れ、他方のセルにポリエチレ
ングリコール溶液を入れ、授透圧によりサンプル中の水
分ｔ−ＰＥＧ側に浸透させて、サンプルを嬢縮すること
によシ行われる。The concentration method of the present invention can be implemented, for example, by sandwiching a semipermeable membrane,
This is carried out by placing a sample in one cell and a polyethylene glycol solution in the other cell, allowing water to permeate into the t-PEG side of the sample using osmotic pressure, thereby shrinking the sample.
また、ＰＥＧの水吸収能は温度を上昇させると効率がよ
くなることによ夛、サンプルの熱変性を考産して、適当
な瀉度を選択することができる。Furthermore, since the water absorption ability of PEG becomes more efficient as the temperature is increased, an appropriate degree of oxidation can be selected by taking into account the thermal denaturation of the sample.
本発明ノ濃縮方法の対象となるサンプルトシテは、膜と
接して耐えるもので、目的とする物質が膜の孔径よシ大
きく、孔を通過しないものなら、特に限定されない。The sample to be subjected to the concentration method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can withstand contact with the membrane, and the target substance is larger than the pore diameter of the membrane and does not pass through the pores.
本発明の半透膜特に再生セルロース膜とＰＥＧ水溶液を
組み合わせた方法は、少量処理にも、大量処理にも使用
できるし，サンプルを加圧する必要もないので、サンプ
ルを密閉する必要もなく極めて簡便である。The method of combining the semipermeable membrane of the present invention, particularly a regenerated cellulose membrane, and an aqueous PEG solution can be used for both small-scale and large-scale processing, and since there is no need to pressurize the sample, it is extremely simple and does not require sealing the sample. It is.
「実施例」 以下、実施例によＱ本発明を更に具体的に説明する。"Example" Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
再生セルロース膜と濃槁外′ｏ．全組み合わせた実験で
、濃縮外液６槙と再生セルロース換３植を組み合わせ、
サンプルとして人尿を用いて、それぞれの濃縮効果を測
定する。Regenerated cellulose membrane and thickened cellulose membrane. In all combined experiments, we combined six concentrated external liquids and three regenerated cellulose replacements,
Using human urine as a sample, the concentration effect of each will be measured.
実験に用いた簡単な装置は第１図に示す。The simple apparatus used in the experiment is shown in Figure 1.
再生セルロース膜１は水で濡らし、端はφ２．５閏のテ
フロン管２に結びつける。サンプルの１ｏｄｏ人尿３は
、針の長いシリンノで膜の内側に入れ、それぞれの１０
０ｄの濃縮外液４にひだす。The regenerated cellulose membrane 1 is wetted with water, and the end is tied to a Teflon tube 2 having a diameter of 2.5. Inject 3 samples of human urine into the inside of the membrane with a long needle, and
Strain into 0 d of concentrated external solution 4.
再生セルロース膜ＩＵ，セロファン膜、ビスキング膜、
キエグロハン瞑の３柚を用いた。Regenerated cellulose membrane IU, cellophane membrane, Bisking membrane,
I used the three yuzu of Kiegrohan meditation.
濃縮外液４は、ＰＥＧ − ２０００ ， ＰＥＧ −
１ ０００ ，ＰＥＧ− ６０００ ． ＰＥＧ〜２
００，シュクロース，エタノールの６種それぞれ８ ０
Ｗ／Ｗ％水溶液を用いた。Concentrated external liquid 4 is PEG-2000, PEG-
1000, PEG-6000. PEG~2
00, sucrose, ethanol 6 types each 80
A W/W% aqueous solution was used.
これらのｔ１縮外液は高張性溶液が多いので、カクハン
子５で強くカクハンして濃縮効果を高める。Since most of these t1 decondensed liquids are hypertonic solutions, they are strongly stirred with the stirrer 5 to enhance the concentration effect.
なお濃縮外液の温度は恒温４’Ｊ ６によυ今回は体温
に近い４０℃で行なった。サンプルの残余鵞量は５分ご
とに測定する。The temperature of the concentrated external liquid was kept at a constant temperature of 4'J6. This time, the temperature was 40°C, which is close to body temperature. The residual mass of the sample is measured every 5 minutes.
サンプルのメン・ぐク濃度は、分光光度計（日立−２０
０）で、サンプル２０μｔをトリスーセイライン緩衝液
（ １ ０ ０ ｍＭ ， ｐＨ ８． ０ ） ２
ｔｎｌに添加した溶液を測定する。The mengoku concentration of the sample was measured using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi-20
0), 20 μt of sample was added to Tris-Saline buffer (100 mM, pH 8.0) 2
Measure the solution added to tnl.
濃縮の放置時間に対するサンプルの残余重量のノ母一セ
ントやサンプルのタンノヤク濃度の関係は、第２図〜第
７図に示す。The relationship between the residual weight of the sample and the tannoyak concentration of the sample with respect to the standing time for concentration is shown in FIGS. 2 to 7.
これらの結果より、次のことがわかった。From these results, we found the following.
濃縮外液としては、ｐｇｃ−６０００（Ｍ４図）、ＰＥ
Ｇ − ２ ０ ０ （第５図）、シュクロース（第６
図）、エタノール（第７図）は、あまりは縮効来がない
ことがわかる。これに対し，ＰＥＧ−２０００ （ｍ２
図）やＰＥＧ −，１ ０００ （第３図）は、第２ｌ
２ｌ，第３図の２ ８ ０ ｎｍの吸光度曲線より、著
しく濃縮効果がよいことがわかる。As the concentrated external liquid, pgc-6000 (M4 figure), PE
G-200 (Figure 5), sucrose (Figure 6)
It can be seen that ethanol (Fig. 7) and ethanol (Fig. 7) do not have much shrinkage effect. On the other hand, PEG-2000 (m2
Figure) and PEG -,1 000 (Figure 3) are 2l
From the absorbance curve at 280 nm in Figure 3, it can be seen that the concentration effect is extremely good.
また，再生セルロース膜の中では，晩稲効果の観点から
見ると、第２図２と第３図３より、セロファン膜くビス
キング説くキュノロハン膜の順によくなることがわかる
。特に、キープロハン膜は、現在一般的に広く透析チー
−プとして用いられているビスキング膜よりａｍ効果が
優れていて、時間的に、ビスキング膜の約半分ですむこ
とがわかる。Furthermore, among the regenerated cellulose membranes, from the viewpoint of the late rice effect, it can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3 that cellophane membranes are better in this order, followed by Cynorophane membranes as proposed by Bisking. In particular, it can be seen that the KeyProhan membrane has a better AM effect than the Visking membrane, which is currently widely used as a dialysis cheap, and takes about half the time required for dialysis.
これらをまとめると、キープロハン膜をはさんで、一方
のセルにサンプルを入れ、一方のセルにＰＥＧ − ２
０ ０ ０またはｐｇＧ−１０００水溶液を入れてサ
ンプルを濃縮する方法が著しく効果のよいことがわかる
。To summarize, put the sample in one cell with the key prohan membrane in between, and put the PEG-2 in the other cell.
It can be seen that the method of concentrating the sample by adding 0 0 0 or pgG-1000 aqueous solution is extremely effective.
「発明の効釆」
以上から明らかな如く、本発明によればＰＥＧをｍ質と
して浸透圧を利用することによシ、高分子の資料を含む
溶液を容易に濃縮する方法を提供することができる。"Effects of the Invention" As is clear from the above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for easily concentrating a solution containing a polymer material by using PEG as a substance and using osmotic pressure. can.
第１図は本発明にかかる方法を実施する装置の一例を示
す略図であり、第２〜５図はＰＥＧ各分子量における各
種再生セルロース膜による濃縮効果を示すグラフ図であ
シ、第６〜７図は比較のためにＰＥＧ以外の物質を用い
た場合の濃縮効果を示すグラフ図である。
１−再生セルロース膜、２・・・テフロン管、３・・・
サンプルの尿、４・・・濃縮外液、５・・・攪拌子、Ｓ
・・・セロファンＩｌｉＸ， Ｂ・・・ビスキング膜、
Ｋ・・・中ユグロハン膜。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 5 are graphs showing the concentration effects of various regenerated cellulose membranes for each molecular weight of PEG. The figure is a graph showing the concentration effect when a substance other than PEG is used for comparison. 1-Regenerated cellulose membrane, 2... Teflon tube, 3...
Sample urine, 4... Concentrated external liquid, 5... Stirrer, S
... Cellophane IliX, B... Bisking film,
K...Mesojuglohan membrane.
Claims (3)
触させることにより溶液を濃縮することを特徴とする濃
縮方法。(1) A concentration method characterized by concentrating a solution by contacting it with a polyethylene glycol solution through a semipermeable membrane.
第１項記載の濃縮方法。(2) The concentration method according to claim 1, wherein the semipermeable membrane is a regenerated cellulose membrane.
６０００である特許請求の範囲第１項又は第２項記載の
濃縮方法。(3) Average molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 200~
6,000, the concentration method according to claim 1 or 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61144736A JPS631402A (en) | 1986-06-23 | 1986-06-23 | Concentrating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61144736A JPS631402A (en) | 1986-06-23 | 1986-06-23 | Concentrating method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS631402A true JPS631402A (en) | 1988-01-06 |
Family
ID=15369150
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61144736A Pending JPS631402A (en) | 1986-06-23 | 1986-06-23 | Concentrating method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS631402A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017035672A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-16 | 株式会社Kri | Draw solution, and positive osmosis water treatment method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5241174A (en) * | 1975-09-29 | 1977-03-30 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Concentrating process by dehydration with osmotic pressure of solute |
| JPS5712802A (en) * | 1980-06-26 | 1982-01-22 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Water extraction system using permeable membrane |
| JPS5715803A (en) * | 1980-07-03 | 1982-01-27 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for concentration of aqueous solution |
| JPS58104607A (en) * | 1981-12-17 | 1983-06-22 | Showa Denko Kk | Dehydrating device |
-
1986
- 1986-06-23 JP JP61144736A patent/JPS631402A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5241174A (en) * | 1975-09-29 | 1977-03-30 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Concentrating process by dehydration with osmotic pressure of solute |
| JPS5712802A (en) * | 1980-06-26 | 1982-01-22 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Water extraction system using permeable membrane |
| JPS5715803A (en) * | 1980-07-03 | 1982-01-27 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for concentration of aqueous solution |
| JPS58104607A (en) * | 1981-12-17 | 1983-06-22 | Showa Denko Kk | Dehydrating device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017035672A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-16 | 株式会社Kri | Draw solution, and positive osmosis water treatment method |
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