JPS6324497B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6324497B2
JPS6324497B2 JP13952980A JP13952980A JPS6324497B2 JP S6324497 B2 JPS6324497 B2 JP S6324497B2 JP 13952980 A JP13952980 A JP 13952980A JP 13952980 A JP13952980 A JP 13952980A JP S6324497 B2 JPS6324497 B2 JP S6324497B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
methoxybiphenyl
add
water
ethanol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP13952980A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5764631A (en
Inventor
Shigeru Sugimori
Masakazu Tsuji
Tetsuhiko Kojima
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JNC Corp
Original Assignee
Chisso Corp
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Priority to JP13952980A priority Critical patent/JPS5764631A/en
Publication of JPS5764631A publication Critical patent/JPS5764631A/en
Publication of JPS6324497B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6324497B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は正の誘電異方性を有する新規な液晶物
質に関する。 液晶表示素子は液晶物質が持つ光学異方性及び
誘電異方性を利用したものであるが、その表示様
式によつてTN型(ねじれネマチツク型),DS型
(動的散乱型),ゲスト・ホスト型,DAP型など
の各種の方式に分けられ、夫々の使用に適する液
晶物質の性質は異る。しかしいずれの液晶物質も
水分,空気,熱,光等に安定であることが必要で
あることは共通しており、又、室温を中心として
出来るだけ広い温度範囲で液晶相を示し、更に表
示素子種類によつて異なる特性を有する様にしな
ければならない。しかし現在のところ単一化合物
ではこの様な条件を満たす物質はなく、数種の液
晶化合物や非液晶化合物を混合して得られる液晶
組成物を使用しているのが現状である。最近は特
に広い温度範囲(−20℃〜90℃)にわたつて動作
する表示素子が要求される様になつて来ている
が、一般に高温液晶物質は粘性が高く、その様な
ものを多く含む液晶組成物は低温ではよく動作し
なくなる。本発明の目的はこの様な組成物に加え
ることによつてその低温特性を改善するに有用な
化合物を提供するものである。 即ち本発明は一般式 (上式中、Rは炭素数3〜10のアルキル基を示
す)で表わされる4―アルコキシ―4′―フルオロ
ビフエニルである。 本化合物はその大部分がスメクチツク液晶相を
示し、これをネマチツク液晶組成物に添加するこ
とによりその粘度を低下させ、又その誘電異方性
は+3程度と小さいにもかかわらずそれを含む液
晶組成物をTN型表示素子に使用した場合、その
しきい電圧,飽和電圧を低くすることが出来、従
つて低温での表示素子の動作特性を改善すること
が出来る。 つぎに本発明の()式の化合物は、次の様な
反応工程で合成できる。 まず4―アセチル―4―メトキシビフエニルを
ヒドロキシルアミンでオキシムにした後、ポリリ
ン酸中でベツクマン転位をして4―アセチルアミ
ノ―4′―メトキシビフエニルを得る。これを塩酸
で加水分解して4―アミノ―4′―メトキシビフエ
ニル塩酸塩とし、それをNaNO2でジアゾ化した
後硼弗化水素酸で4―メトキシビフエニル―4′―
ジアゾニウムテトラフルオロボレートとする。次
にこれをトルエン中で加温分解すると4―フルオ
ロ―4′―メトキシビフエニルとなり、これを酢酸
中で臭素水素酸で処理すると4―フルオロ―4′―
ヒドロキシビフエニルが得られる。これをジエチ
レングリコールモノメチルエーテルに溶解し1.1
倍当量の2N―NaOH水溶液と臭化アルキルを加
えて加熱反応させると目的物である4―アルコキ
シ―4′―フルオロビフエニルが得られる。 以下に実施例として本発明の化合物の製造例及
び使用例を示して更に詳細に説明する。 実施例1〜8 〔4―アルコキシ―4′―フルオロ
ビフエニルの製造〕 (i) 〔4―(4′―メトキシフエニル)アセトフエ
ノンオキシムの製造〕 10三ツ口フラスコに4―アセチル―4′―メト
キシビフエニル200gとエタノール7.5を仕込み
加熱下、撹拌し溶解させる。 一方、塩酸ヒドロキシルアミン80gを水150ml
に溶解したものに無水炭酸ナトリウム61gを水
250mlに溶解したものを加え中和する。このヒド
ロキシルアミン水溶液を上記4―アセチル―4′―
メトキシビフエニルエタノール溶液に撹拌しなが
ら76〜78℃で20分間で滴下する。滴下後、2時間
撹拌しながら還流を続けるとオキシムが白色沈澱
として析出してくる。減圧下、約半量のエタノー
ルを留去した後、5℃に冷却し固型物を吸引濾別
する。2の湯(40〜50℃)で洗浄後、冷エタノ
ール200mlで洗浄し、減圧乾燥すると204gのP―
(4―メトキシフエニル)アセトフエノンオキシ
ムが得られた。収率96%で融点は201〜202.5℃で
あつた。 (ii) 〔4―アセチルアミノ―4′―メトキシビフエ
ニルの製造〕 10三ツ口フラスコにポリリン酸3Kgを仕込み
60℃に加温する。撹拌しながら、(i)で得られた
200gの4―(4′―メトキシフエニル)アセトフ
エノンオキシムを1時間にわたつて添加する。そ
の後、ゆつくりと昇温して92℃から94℃で10分間
加熱撹拌した後、50℃まで冷却して、10の水中
に内容物を注ぎ込む。生じた白色沈殿を吸引濾過
して4の水で洗浄後、再び吸引濾過する。湿潤
状態の固形物を4の熱エタノールに溶解する。
未反応のオキシムは不溶物となり、吸引濾別した
後、濾液を冷却する。析出した結晶を吸引濾過で
分離して、200mlの冷エタノールで洗浄後乾燥し
て、140gの4―アセチルアミノ―4′―メトキシ
ビフエニルが得られた。収率70%で融点207.7〜
208.3℃であつた。 (iii) 〔4―アミノ―4′―メトキシビフエニル塩酸
塩の製造〕 10三ツ口フラスコに(ii)の4―アセチルアミノ
―4′―メトキシビフエニル200g,6N塩酸4,
エタノール4を仕込み、撹拌しながら還流させ
る。82〜85℃で5時間還流させた後、自然放冷
し、一晩冷凍庫内に放置して結晶化させる。結晶
を吸引濾過して、4の水で洗浄,冷エタノール
―水混合液(1:1)300mlで洗浄後乾燥して185
g4―アミノ―4′―メトキシビフエニル塩酸塩が
得られた。収率は95%、融点は263〜264℃で分解
するので測定不能であつた。 (iv) 〔4―メトキシビフエニリル―4′―ジアゾニ
ウムテトラフルオロボレートの製造〕 10三ツ口フラスコに(iii)の4―アミノ―4′―メ
トキシビフエニル塩酸塩160g,6N塩酸200ml,
水4を仕込み、70℃で1時間、撹拌下、加熱し
た後、5〜6℃まで冷却する。これに亜硝酸ナト
リウム50gを200mlの水に溶解したものを液温が
7〜8℃以上に上がらぬように、1時間かけて、
滴下する。次に、42%ホウフツ化水素酸147gを
10℃以下で滴下していくと、フルオロボレートの
黄色沈殿が生じてくる。1時間、7〜8℃で撹拌
した後、生じた沈殿を吸引濾過する。2の冷
水,500mlの冷メタノール,200ml冷エタノールで
順次洗浄後、乾燥して、4―メトキシビフエニリ
ル―4′―ジアゾニウムテトラフルオロボレートを
182g得た。収率は90%,129〜130.5℃(分解)
であつた。 (v) 〔4―フルオロ―4′―メトキシビフエニルの
製造〕 10三ツ口フラスコに(iv)の4―メトキシビフエ
ニリル―4′―ジアゾニウムテトラフルオロポレー
ト250gと乾燥トルエン4を加え、撹拌しなが
ら徐々に昇温する。102℃ぐらいから分解が始ま
り白煙が生じる。白煙の発生が止むまで約1時間
かかり、その間液温を98〜105℃にし、撹拌を続
ける。分解が終ればトルエンを減圧留去した後、
蒸留フラスコに移し、5mmHgの減圧下沸点139〜
143℃の範囲の留分を集めると、120gの4―フル
オロ―4′―メトキシビフエニルが得られた。収率
71%で融点は91.5〜92.0℃であつた。 (vi) 〔4―フルオロ―4′―ヒドロキシビフエニル
の製造〕 5三ツ口フラスコに(v)の4―フルオロ―4′―
メトキシビフエニル195g,酢酸2.5,47%臭化
水素酸800mlを仕込み、110〜112℃で13時間,撹
拌しながら還流させる。その後、10の水中に投
入し、生じた沈殿を吸引濾過する。2の冷水で
洗浄した後、湿潤固型物を800mlの熱エタノール
に溶解し、冷却して結晶化させる。結晶を吸引濾
過して冷エタノール50mlで洗浄後、乾燥して4―
フルオロ―4′―ヒドロキシビフエニルが176g得
られた。収率は97%で融点は170〜171.4℃であつ
た。 (vii) 〔4―アルコキシ―4′―フルオロビフエニル
の製造〕 (vi)の4―フルオロ―4′―ヒドロキシビフエニル
2.0g(0.0106モル)をジエチレングリコールモ
ノメチルエーテル30mlに溶解し、これに2N水酸
化ナトリウム水溶液6mlを加えて振りまぜ均一液
を得る。次に、臭化n―アルキル(アルキル基は
第1表のRに相当するもの)を0.012モル加えて
3時間、マントルヒーターで加熱還流する。反応
後室温まで冷却し、50mlの水にあけ、トルエン
150mlで抽出する。トルエン層を6N塩酸で、つい
で2N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した後、更
に中性になるまで水洗してから濾過し、減圧にし
てトルエンを留去する。残つた油状物をエタノー
ルで再結晶すると目的物である4―アルコキシ―
4′―フルオロビフエニルが得られる。各アルキル
基の場合の収率,物性値等を第1表に示す。(表
中転移点の欄のCは固体相,Sはスメクチツク
相,Iは透明相を示す)
The present invention relates to novel liquid crystal materials with positive dielectric anisotropy. Liquid crystal display elements utilize the optical anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal materials, and depending on the display format, there are TN type (twisted nematic type), DS type (dynamic scattering type), and guest type. There are various types such as host type and DAP type, and the properties of the liquid crystal materials suitable for each type of use are different. However, all liquid crystal materials have in common that they must be stable against moisture, air, heat, light, etc., and they must exhibit a liquid crystal phase over as wide a temperature range as possible, centering on room temperature. It must be made to have different characteristics depending on the type. However, at present, there is no single compound that satisfies these conditions, and the current situation is to use liquid crystal compositions obtained by mixing several types of liquid crystal compounds and non-liquid crystal compounds. Recently, there has been a demand for display elements that can operate over a particularly wide temperature range (-20°C to 90°C), but high-temperature liquid crystal materials generally have high viscosity and contain many such substances. Liquid crystal compositions do not perform well at low temperatures. It is an object of the present invention to provide compounds useful for adding to such compositions to improve their low temperature properties. That is, the present invention is based on the general formula (In the above formula, R represents an alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.) 4-alkoxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl. Most of this compound exhibits a smectic liquid crystal phase, and by adding it to a nematic liquid crystal composition, its viscosity can be lowered. When the material is used in a TN display element, its threshold voltage and saturation voltage can be lowered, and the operating characteristics of the display element at low temperatures can therefore be improved. Next, the compound of formula () of the present invention can be synthesized by the following reaction steps. First, 4-acetyl-4-methoxybiphenyl is converted into an oxime with hydroxylamine, and then subjected to Beckman rearrangement in polyphosphoric acid to obtain 4-acetylamino-4'-methoxybiphenyl. This was hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid to give 4-amino-4'-methoxybiphenyl hydrochloride, which was diazotized with NaNO 2 and then converted to 4-methoxybiphenyl-4'- with borofluoric acid.
Diazonium tetrafluoroborate. Next, this is thermally decomposed in toluene to give 4-fluoro-4'-methoxybiphenyl, which is treated with hydrobromic acid in acetic acid to produce 4-fluoro-4'-
Hydroxybiphenyl is obtained. Dissolve this in diethylene glycol monomethyl ether and 1.1
By adding double equivalents of 2N-NaOH aqueous solution and alkyl bromide and reacting with heating, the desired product, 4-alkoxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl, is obtained. The following is a more detailed explanation of production examples and usage examples of the compounds of the present invention as examples. Examples 1 to 8 [Production of 4-alkoxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl] (i) [Production of 4-(4'-methoxyphenyl)acetophenone oxime] 4-acetyl-4' was placed in 10 three-necked flasks. - Prepare 200 g of methoxybiphenyl and 7.5 g of ethanol and stir while heating to dissolve. Meanwhile, add 80 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride to 150 ml of water.
Add 61g of anhydrous sodium carbonate to the solution dissolved in water.
Add the dissolved solution to 250ml to neutralize. This hydroxylamine aqueous solution was added to the above 4-acetyl-4'-
Add dropwise to the methoxybiphenyl ethanol solution over 20 minutes at 76-78°C with stirring. After the dropwise addition, reflux is continued with stirring for 2 hours, and the oxime precipitates out as a white precipitate. After about half of the ethanol was distilled off under reduced pressure, the mixture was cooled to 5° C. and the solids were filtered off with suction. After washing with hot water (40-50℃) in step 2, washing with 200ml of cold ethanol and drying under reduced pressure, 204g of P-
(4-methoxyphenyl)acetophenone oxime was obtained. The yield was 96% and the melting point was 201-202.5°C. (ii) [Production of 4-acetylamino-4'-methoxybiphenyl] Charge 3 kg of polyphosphoric acid into a 10-three-necked flask.
Warm to 60℃. While stirring, the mixture obtained in (i)
200 g of 4-(4'-methoxyphenyl)acetophenone oxime are added over 1 hour. Thereafter, the temperature was slowly raised and the mixture was heated and stirred at 92°C to 94°C for 10 minutes, then cooled to 50°C and the contents were poured into water. The resulting white precipitate is filtered with suction, washed with water from Step 4, and then filtered with suction again. Dissolve the wet solid in 4 hot ethanol.
Unreacted oxime becomes an insoluble substance, and after being filtered off with suction, the filtrate is cooled. The precipitated crystals were separated by suction filtration, washed with 200 ml of cold ethanol, and dried to obtain 140 g of 4-acetylamino-4'-methoxybiphenyl. Melting point 207.7~ at 70% yield
It was 208.3℃. (iii) [Production of 4-amino-4'-methoxybiphenyl hydrochloride] In a 10-three-necked flask, add 200 g of 4-acetylamino-4'-methoxybiphenyl from (ii), 4 N hydrochloric acid,
Charge ethanol 4 and reflux while stirring. After refluxing at 82-85°C for 5 hours, it is allowed to cool naturally and left in the freezer overnight to crystallize. Suction filter the crystals, wash with water from step 4, wash with 300 ml of cold ethanol-water mixture (1:1), and dry to 185 ml.
g4-amino-4'-methoxybiphenyl hydrochloride was obtained. The yield was 95%, and the melting point could not be measured because it decomposed at 263-264°C. (iv) [Production of 4-methoxybiphenylyl-4'-diazonium tetrafluoroborate] In a 10-three-neck flask, add 160 g of 4-amino-4'-methoxybiphenyl hydrochloride from (iii), 200 ml of 6N hydrochloric acid,
Water 4 is charged, heated at 70°C for 1 hour with stirring, and then cooled to 5-6°C. Add 50g of sodium nitrite dissolved in 200ml of water for 1 hour so that the temperature of the solution does not rise above 7-8℃.
Drip. Next, add 147g of 42% hydroborofluoric acid.
If the solution is added dropwise below 10°C, a yellow precipitate of fluoroborate will form. After stirring for 1 hour at 7-8° C., the precipitate formed is filtered off with suction. After sequentially washing with cold water from step 2, 500 ml of cold methanol, and 200 ml of cold ethanol, drying to remove 4-methoxybiphenylyl-4′-diazonium tetrafluoroborate.
I got 182g. Yield: 90%, 129-130.5℃ (decomposition)
It was hot. (v) [Production of 4-fluoro-4'-methoxybiphenyl] Add 250 g of 4-methoxybiphenylyl-4'-diazonium tetrafluoroporate from (iv) and 4 of dry toluene to a 10-three-necked flask, and add 4 of dry toluene while stirring. Raise the temperature gradually. Decomposition begins at around 102℃, producing white smoke. It takes about 1 hour until the generation of white smoke stops, during which time the liquid temperature is kept at 98-105°C and stirring is continued. Once the decomposition is complete, toluene is distilled off under reduced pressure,
Transfer to a distillation flask and reduce the boiling point to 139~ under reduced pressure of 5 mmHg.
Fractions in the 143°C range were collected, yielding 120g of 4-fluoro-4'-methoxybiphenyl. yield
It was 71% and the melting point was 91.5-92.0°C. (vi) [Production of 4-fluoro-4'-hydroxybiphenyl] Add 4-fluoro-4'- of (v) to 5 three-necked flasks.
Charge 195 g of methoxybiphenyl, 2.5 g of acetic acid, and 800 ml of 47% hydrobromic acid, and reflux with stirring at 110 to 112°C for 13 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was poured into 10 water, and the resulting precipitate was filtered with suction. After washing with cold water from step 2, the wet solid is dissolved in 800 ml of hot ethanol and allowed to cool and crystallize. The crystals were filtered with suction, washed with 50 ml of cold ethanol, dried, and
176 g of fluoro-4'-hydroxybiphenyl was obtained. The yield was 97% and the melting point was 170-171.4°C. (vii) [Production of 4-alkoxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl] 4-fluoro-4'-hydroxybiphenyl of (vi)
Dissolve 2.0 g (0.0106 mol) in 30 ml of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, add 6 ml of 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and shake to obtain a homogeneous solution. Next, 0.012 mol of n-alkyl bromide (the alkyl group corresponds to R in Table 1) was added, and the mixture was heated under reflux using a mantle heater for 3 hours. After the reaction, cool to room temperature, pour into 50ml of water, and add toluene.
Extract with 150ml. The toluene layer is washed with 6N hydrochloric acid, then with 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, further washed with water until neutral, filtered, and the toluene is distilled off under reduced pressure. When the remaining oil is recrystallized with ethanol, the target product 4-alkoxy-
4′-fluorobiphenyl is obtained. Table 1 shows the yield, physical properties, etc. for each alkyl group. (In the transition point column of the table, C indicates solid phase, S indicates smectic phase, and I indicates transparent phase.)

【表】 実施例8 (使用例) トランス―4―プロピル―(4′―シアノフエニ
ル)シクロヘキサン 24% トランス―4―ペンチル―(4′―シアノフエニ
ル)シクロヘキサン 36% トランス―4―ヘプチル―(4′―シアノフエニ
ル)シクロヘキサン 25% トランス―4―ペンチル―(4″―シアノビフエ
ニル)シクロヘキサン 15% なる組成の液晶組成物のネマチツク液晶温度範囲
は−6〜70℃,20℃での粘度は28cp,誘電異方
性値は+10.1,これを使用したTNセルのしきい
電圧は1.80V,飽和電圧は2.35Vである。 この液晶組成物85部に実施例3の4―ペンチル
オキシ―4′―フルオロビフエニル15部を加えた液
晶組成物のネマチツク温度範囲は0〜60℃で少し
せまくなつたが20℃での粘度は24.5cpと低下して
低温に於ける表示特性の向上に好ましいものとな
り、又誘電異方性値は+9.9と小さくなつたにも
かかわらず、これをTNセルにしたときのしきい
電圧は1.55V,飽和電圧は2.15Vと低下している。
[Table] Example 8 (Usage example) Trans-4-propyl-(4'-cyanophenyl)cyclohexane 24% Trans-4-pentyl-(4'-cyanophenyl)cyclohexane 36% Trans-4-heptyl-(4'- The nematic liquid crystal temperature range of the liquid crystal composition with the following composition is -cyanophenyl)cyclohexane 25% and trans-4-pentyl-(4″-cyanobiphenyl)cyclohexane 15%, the viscosity at 20°C is 28 cp, and the dielectric anisotropy is The value is +10.1, the threshold voltage of the TN cell using this is 1.80 V, and the saturation voltage is 2.35 V. 4-pentyloxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl of Example 3 is added to 85 parts of this liquid crystal composition. The nematic temperature range of the liquid crystal composition to which 15 parts was added was slightly narrowed from 0 to 60°C, but the viscosity at 20°C decreased to 24.5 cp, which is favorable for improving display characteristics at low temperatures. Even though the anisotropy value has decreased to +9.9, the threshold voltage and saturation voltage have decreased to 1.55V and 2.15V when used as a TN cell, respectively.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 一般式 (上式中Rは炭素数3〜10のアルキル基を示
す)で表わされる4―アルコキシ―4′―フルオロ
ビフエニル。
[Claims] 1. General formula 4-alkoxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl represented by (in the above formula, R represents an alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms).
JP13952980A 1980-10-06 1980-10-06 4-alkoxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl Granted JPS5764631A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13952980A JPS5764631A (en) 1980-10-06 1980-10-06 4-alkoxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13952980A JPS5764631A (en) 1980-10-06 1980-10-06 4-alkoxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5764631A JPS5764631A (en) 1982-04-19
JPS6324497B2 true JPS6324497B2 (en) 1988-05-20

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JP13952980A Granted JPS5764631A (en) 1980-10-06 1980-10-06 4-alkoxy-4'-fluorobiphenyl

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JPS5764631A (en) 1982-04-19

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