JPS6333855B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an endoscope for examining the inside of a body cavity or an apparatus.

Generally, the part of an endoscope that is introduced into a body cavity is called the insertion part, and this insertion part consists of, in order from the proximal side, a flexible part such as a flexible tube, a curved part, and a hard tip part. has been done. One end of an optical fiber bundle for light image transmission, one end of an optical fiber bundle for illumination light transmission, etc. are attached to the rigid part,
The other ends of these optical fiber bundles are inserted through the curved portion and the flexible portion to be guided to an external operating portion such as a body cavity. Then, the interior of the body cavity, for example, the stomach wall, is illuminated through the illumination light transmission optical fiber bundle, and an image of the state of the stomach wall is transmitted to the outside through the light image transmission optical fiber bundle for autopsy. . Therefore, in order to change the direction of each optical fiber bundle in a body cavity or the like, the curved portion is deformed in a curved manner. Conventionally, this was accomplished by operating a lever or the like provided on an external operating section of the endoscope body to pull a wire, and by displacing the wire, the curved portion was curved. However, since the curved portion does not curve in only one direction, multiple wires are used, and since these wires have conventionally passed through the flexible portion and the curved portion, there is a problem that these wires may become entangled in the middle. Ta. In particular, the optical fiber bundles are also inserted through the flexible portions and curved portions, and there have been problems such as the wires getting entangled with these optical fiber bundles and damaging the optical fiber bundles. In addition to the above-mentioned bending operation, the forceps raising operation, focus adjustment operation, etc. are all remotely controlled by a drive wire extending from the operating section. These wires are guided from the operating section to the vicinity of the tip by a guide pipe. Therefore, there is a loss of transmission force due to the frictional force between the wire and the inner surface of the guide pipe, and the longer the length of these wires, the greater the loss of transmission force, the greater the play in the wire, and the shorter the operation time. It has a fatal flaw that misalignment occurs.

This invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a drive motor near the actuating part for each operation of the endoscope, that is, at the tip or curved part. There is no need to insert multiple wires through soft parts, etc., and it prevents wires from getting entangled with each other or with optical fiber bundles, etc., and allows for quick and reliable bending operations, forceps raising operations, focus adjustment operations, etc. The aim is to provide an endoscope that can perform

Embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an operating section located on the proximal side of the endoscope, and the operating section 1 is provided with an eyepiece section 2, as well as operating buttons and operating levers (not shown). An insertion section 3 that is inserted into a body cavity or the like is connected to the operation section 1, and this insertion section 3 includes a flexible section 4 made of a flexible tube, etc.
a curved portion 5 connected to the tip of the curved portion 5;
and a rigid tip portion 6 provided at the tip of the tip. The curved portion 5 has, for example, a large number of annular pieces 7 arranged in the axial direction as shown in FIG. By freely connecting them, they are configured to be able to bend and deform freely. The top 7a at the proximal end is the soft part 4.
is fixed at the tip of the The rigid tip portion 6 has a rounded tip and a closed tip case 9, and the proximal end of the tip case 9 is connected to the tip top 7n. For example, on the side of the tip case 9, there is a lighting window 1 blocked with glass or the like.
0, it has an observation window 11, and one illumination window 10 faces the tip of an optical fiber bundle 12 for transmitting illumination light.
Further, the tip of an optical fiber bundle 15 for transmitting a light image faces the other observation window 11 via a prism 13 and a set of objective lenses 14. Each of these fiber bundles 12,
15 is inserted through the curved portion 5 and the flexible portion 4, and is led to the operating portion 1. The proximal end of the optical fiber bundle 12 for transmitting illumination light is opposed to a lamp built into the operating section 1 or an external light source section 16. Further, the proximal end of the optical fiber bundle 15 for transmitting a light image faces the eyepiece section 2 and can be visually recognized from the outside through the eyepiece lens 17. Next, a driving motor 18 is built into the rigid tip portion 6 . A power intermittent device 23 consisting of an electromagnet 21 and a magnetic pulley 22 is provided on the motor shaft 19 of the motor 18 via a deceleration mechanism 20 . The motor 18 and the electromagnet 21 are supplied with power from a power supply section 24 provided in the operation section 1. A bevel gear 26 constituting a bending operation mechanism 25 is coaxially attached to the magnetic pulley 22 . A pair of bevel gears 27 and 28 are meshed with this bevel gear 26 so as to intersect therewith. These bevel gears 27, 28 can rotate independently of each other, and winding drums 27a, 28a are formed on each bevel gear 27, 28. The tips of wires 29 and 30 are wound around these winding drums 27a and 28a, respectively. In this case, the tips of the wires 29, 30 are wound in the same direction around the winding drums 27a, 28a. Each of the above wires 29,
30 is guided inside each piece 7 of the curved portion 5 and is fixed to the piece 7a at the proximal end. in this case,
The wires 29 and 30 are fixed at opposing positions at an angle of 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the top 7a. Note that each piece 7 is preferably provided with a guide locking portion (not shown) for guiding the wires 29, 30.

The motor 18 and electromagnet 21 are selectively operated by operation buttons (not shown) provided on the operation section 1.

The operation of the embodiment of the first invention configured as described above will be explained.

When the insertion section 3 is inserted into a body cavity such as the stomach and a light source section 16 such as a lamp is turned on, this light is projected from the illumination window 10 via the optical fiber bundle 12 for transmitting illumination light, and thus hits the body cavity wall, e.g. Irradiate the stomach wall. This optical image of the state of the stomach wall is transmitted to the eyepiece section 2 via the observation window 11, the prism 13, a set of objective lenses 14, and the optical fiber bundle 15 for optical image transmission, and the stomach wall and the like are examined outside the body cavity. be able to.

However, when it is desired to change the position of the stomach wall or the like to be examined, the curved part 5 is bent, and the tip rigid part 6 is bent.
By changing the position of the illumination window 10 and the observation window 11, the positions of the illumination window 10 and the observation window 11 are changed. That is, when the motor 18 is rotated by pressing an operation button (not shown) provided on the operation unit 1 for, for example, an upward bending operation, the motor 18 is decelerated by the deceleration mechanism 20 and rotates. Next, when an operating button of a power interrupter 23 (not shown) provided in the operating section 1 is pressed, the electromagnet 21 attracts the pulley 22 and becomes one with the pulley 22, transmitting the reduced power to the bevel gear 26 via the motor shaft 19. Bevel gears 27 and 28 are rotated in opposite directions. Therefore, one of the wires 29, 30 wound around the winding drums 27a, 28a is wound up and the other is loosened, thereby drawing the proximal top 7a. Therefore, each piece 7 bends through the caulking pin 8, and the entire curved portion 5 is bent, with the rigid end portion 6 facing upward. Also, press the operation button (not shown) for downward bending operation, which is also provided on the operation section 1, to turn the motor 1.
8, by pressing an operation button (not shown) of the power disconnection device 23, which is also provided in the operation section 1, the winding drums 27a and 28a are rotated in opposite directions, and the rigid tip section 6 is moved downward. turn towards

As in the above embodiment, the power disconnection device 23 consisting of the electromagnet 21 and the magnetic pulley is provided between the deceleration mechanism 20 and the bevel gears 26, 27 and 28 for bending operation, so that the endoscope can be When inserted into a body cavity and bent, even if an accident such as a power outage or contact failure occurs during use, the device will naturally return to its original shape and can be safely removed from the body cavity.
If this disconnection device 23 is not provided and an accident such as a power outage or contact failure occurs as described above in a state where the drive section consisting of the motor 18 and the speed reduction mechanism 20 is directly connected to the bevel gear 25, friction of the drive section will occur. Due to the resistance, the endoscope remains curved, making it impossible to remove it from the complex-shaped body cavity, or causing fatal injuries to the human body if it is forcibly removed. As will be described later, the motor 18 is used not only to bend the insertion section of the endoscope but also to raise the forceps, etc. In these cases, the motor 18 can also greatly change the external shape of the forceps etc. that are projected into the body cavity. Therefore, even if the above-mentioned accident occurs during use, the device can be safely removed from the body cavity.

Next, FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the first invention, in which a driving motor 18 is provided in the flexible part 4 of the endoscope, and one ends of the wires 29 and 30 are wound. It is fixed to the drums 27a and 28a, and the other end is fixed to the proximal side of the tip case 9, and its operation is the same as in the first embodiment, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Since the driving motor 18 is not provided in the rigid tip portion 6 as in the first embodiment, there is an effect that the rigid tip portion 6 is shortened.

Next, FIGS. 4 and 5 show an embodiment of the second invention applied to the operation of a forceps lifting mechanism. The rigid tip portion 6 is divided into two chambers by a partition wall 6a as shown in FIG.
A motor 18 is provided, and a power intermittent device 23 consisting of a speed reduction mechanism 20, an electromagnet 21, and a magnetic pulley 22 is provided coaxially with the motor 18. A motor shaft 19 extends into the other chamber through the partition wall 6a, and a pinion 31 is fixed thereto. A rack 32 that meshes with the pinion 31 is slidably provided within a rack guide 33. meshes with the rack 32,
A forceps stand 36 having a guide hole 35 through which the forceps 34 are inserted is supported by a forceps shaft 37 and rotated about this forceps shaft 37. A forceps channel 38 is formed opposite the forceps stand 36, and is configured to operate the forceps 34 in the operation section 1. Furthermore, an illumination window 10 and an observation window 11 are provided on the side surface of the rigid tip portion 6. The illumination window 10 is provided with a prism 13, and the observation window 11 is provided with the prism 13 and a pair of objective lenses 14. Then, while irradiating the inside of the body cavity, the eyepiece 2
It has become possible to conduct an autopsy since then.

In the endoscope configured as described above, forceps 3
To raise the forceps 4, a forceps raising operation button (not shown) provided on the operation section 1 is pressed to start the motor 18. Then, when the operation button for the power interrupter (not shown) provided on the operation unit 1 is pressed, the electromagnet 21 attracts the magnetic pulley 22, and the rotational force of the motor 18, which is decelerated, is transmitted to the pinion 31. rotates clockwise, slides the rack 32 that engages with the pinion 31 toward the distal end, rotates the forceps stand 36 that engages with this rack 32 clockwise, and moves the forceps 34 through the illumination window 10 and observation window 11. It can be guided within the field of vision. At this time, after inspecting the inside of the body cavity through the eyepiece 2 and confirming the target object, the target object is processed by operating an operation knob (not shown).

To lower the forceps 34, press a forceps pull-down operation button (not shown) provided on the operation unit 1 to reversely rotate the motor 18, and then press a power interrupter operation button (not shown) to lower the pinion 34.
can be rotated counterclockwise to pull down the forceps 34.

As in the above embodiment, since the power interrupting device 23 consisting of the electromagnet 21 and the magnetic pulley 22 is interposed between the deceleration mechanism 20 and the pinion 31, the forceps 34 can be protruded into the body cavity to prevent power outage or interruption during use. Even in the event of an accident such as a contact failure, the deceleration mechanism 2
Since the forceps 34 are not subjected to zero frictional resistance, the forceps 34 can be pulled down naturally and can be safely pulled out of the body cavity.

Next, FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the third invention in which the drive motor 18 is applied to focus adjustment operation. That is, the observation optical system frame 3 is attached to the rigid distal end portion 6 of the endoscope.
9 is provided, and one end of the optical fiber bundle 15 for transmitting a light image faces. The optical fiber bundle 1 for optical image transmission
The other end of the lens 5 is inserted through the curved portion 5 and the flexible portion 4 connected to the distal end case 9 and faces the eyepiece portion 2 of the operating portion 1 . Furthermore, a rack 40 is provided on the side surface of the observation optical system frame 39. A pinion 41 that meshes with this rack 40 is rotatably provided by a motor 43 via a speed reduction mechanism 42. The motor 43 is remotely controlled by an operation button (not shown) provided on the operation section 1.

In the embodiment configured as described above, to adjust the focus, the observation optical system frame 39 is advanced by operating an operation button (not shown) provided on the operation section 1 while observing the inside of the body cavity from the eyepiece section 2. It can be moved back and stopped at a desired position to accurately adjust the focus.

Next, FIGS. 7 and 8 show an embodiment of the fourth invention in which a drive motor is applied to operate the visual field conversion mechanism. That is, the tip case 9 of the endoscope
There is an observation prism 44 and an illumination prism 4 inside.
5 is a fan-shaped prism support member 4 whose side surfaces are adjacent to each other.
6. The support member 46 has a central portion supported by a prism rotation shaft 47, and has a circular arc portion 46a formed with a tooth profile that meshes with a pinion 48, and rotates left and right around the rotation shaft 47 by rotation of the pinion 48. It's starting to move. The pinion 48 is driven by a motor 50 via a speed reduction mechanism 49 whose details are shown in FIG. Further, the objective lens 14 and one end of the optical fiber bundle 15 for transmitting a light image are provided on the transmission surface of the observation prism 44. The other end of this optical fiber bundle 15 for transmitting a light image faces the eyepiece 2 of the operating section 1. Further, one end of the optical fiber bundle 12 for transmitting illumination light is provided on the transmission surface of the illumination prism 45. The other end of this illumination light transmission optical fiber bundle 12 faces the light source section 16 of the operating section 1. Further, the side surface of the tip case 9 in which the prism and the driving device are provided is covered with glass or the like.

In order to convert the field of view in the embodiment of the fourth invention configured as described above, the motor 50 is activated by an operation button (not shown) provided on the operation section 1 while observing the inside of the body cavity from the eyepiece section 2. By remote control,
The prism support member 46 may be rotated left and right.

By configuring as described above, there is an effect that the observation field and the illumination field can be converted at the same time.

Next, FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the fifth invention in which the visual field conversion operation and the forceps raising operation are performed simultaneously. That is, a forceps lifting mechanism is added to the embodiment of the fourth invention in which a drive motor is applied to the visual field conversion mechanism shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 9 denotes a tip case, and inside this tip case 9, an observation prism 44 and an illumination prism 45 are placed adjacent to each other on their sides and supported by a fan-shaped prism support member 46. A fan-shaped forceps stand 51 is provided on the side surface of the prism support member 46.
are integrally provided, and the prisms 44, 4 are mounted on the rotating shaft 52.
5 and a forceps stand 51, and is configured to rotate left and right around a rotating shaft 52.Furthermore, the motor (not shown) is equipped with a power intermittent mechanism consisting of a deceleration mechanism, an electromagnet, and a magnetic pulley. It is designed to be driven in the same manner as in the fifth embodiment. One end of the optical fiber bundle 15 for light image transmission and the optical fiber bundle 12 for illumination light transmission is connected to the prisms 44 and 45, respectively, and the other end is inserted through the curved part 5 and the flexible part 4 to form the operating part 1. It is designed to be connected to the eyepiece section 2 and light source section 16 of the camera. Further, a forceps channel 53 is provided opposite the forceps stand 51 and inserted through the inside of the curved portion 5.
The operation unit 1 is designed to allow remote control of forceps (not shown).

With the above configuration, not only can the viewing field of view and the illumination field of view be changed simultaneously, but also the forceps can be operated, resulting in improved operability.

Next, FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of the sixth invention in which a motor is applied to the back and forth movement mechanism of the hood provided on the front surface of the distal end case of the endoscope. That is, a hood 54 is fitted to the outer periphery of the distal end of the distal end case 9 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction. A rack 55 is fixed to a part of the inner surface of the hood 54, and a slot (not shown) is provided in the tip case 9 so that the rack 55 can move back and forth in the longitudinal direction. A pinion 56 that meshes with this rack 55 is driven by a motor 58 via a speed reduction mechanism 57. Further, an observation optical system 59 is provided in front of the tip case 9, and an optical fiber bundle 15 for transmitting a light image is connected to the operating unit 1.
It is designed to be connected to an eyepiece section 2 provided in the.

With the above configuration, it becomes easy to move the hood 54 back and forth as necessary. That is, when inserting the endoscope into a body cavity, by operating the operation button provided on the operation part 1, the endoscope is housed as a part of the distal end case 9, which facilitates insertion, and gives that much more to the patient. It can reduce pain. Furthermore, when observing the inside of the body cavity, it is easy to secure the observation distance by extending the hood 54 and bringing the front edge of the hood 54 into close contact with the body cavity. The utility value of the hood is high, such as making it easier to collect foreign matter by bringing it into close contact with the hood, but as mentioned above, the hood 54 can be easily moved back and forth by remote control of the motor 58, which further improves the utility value. There is.

Next, FIGS. 12 and 13 show an embodiment of the seventh invention in which a drive motor is applied to a cleaning mechanism for an observation window and an illumination window of an endoscope. That is,
In the figure, 9 is a tip case, and the curved portion 5 is connected to this tip case 9. An observation window 60 is provided in front of the distal end case 9. An observation optical system 61 is located opposite to this observation window 60.
is provided, and one end of the optical fiber bundle 15 for transmitting a light image is connected thereto. The optical fiber bundle 15 for optical image transmission is inserted through the curved portion 5, the insertion portion 4, etc., and is connected to the eyepiece portion 2 of the operating portion 1. Also,
An illumination window 62 is provided in front of the tip case 9. This illumination window 62 is provided with one end of the optical fiber bundle 12 for transmitting illumination light. The optical fiber bundle 12 for transmitting illumination light is also inserted through the curved portion 5 and the flexible portion 4 and connected to the light source portion 16 of the operating portion 1 . Next, a motor 63 is provided approximately at the center of the tip case 9. A deceleration mechanism 64 is coupled to the motor 63, and the main shaft 64a of this deceleration mechanism 64 has an end connected to an L.
A wiper 65 is connected to the wiper 65, which is bent into a letter shape so as to come into contact with the surfaces of the observation window 50 and the illumination window 62. Further, an O-ring 66 is fitted in the penetrating portion of the tip case 9 of the wiper 65 to maintain watertightness. Note that 67 is a hood.

As in the eighth embodiment, the observation window 60 and the illumination window 62 can be cleaned simultaneously by rotating the wiper 65 provided at the tip with the motor 63, so cleaning can be done quickly and reliably. Improves operability.

Next, FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of the eighth invention in which a motor is applied to the operating mechanism of the air and water supply nozzle provided at the distal end of the endoscope. That is, 9 in the figure is a distal end case of this endoscope, and a curved portion 5 is connected to this distal end case 9. Furthermore, an observation window 60 is provided at the distal end of the distal end case 9 . An observation optical system 61 is provided opposite to this observation window 60, and an optical fiber bundle 1 for transmitting a light image is provided.
One end of 5 is connected. The optical fiber bundle 15 for optical image transmission is inserted through the curved portion 5 and the flexible portion 4 and is connected to the eyepiece portion 2 of the operating portion 1 .
In addition, a lighting window 6 is provided at the tip of the tip case 9.
2 is provided. This illumination window 62 is provided with one end of the optical fiber bundle 12 for transmitting illumination light. The optical fiber bundle 12 for transmitting illumination light is also inserted through the curved portion 5 and the flexible portion 4 and connected to the light source portion 16 of the operating portion 1 . Next, a motor 63 is provided near the curved portion 5 at approximately the center of the tip case 9 . A deceleration mechanism 64 is coupled to this motor 6, and this deceleration mechanism 64
A hollow nozzle 68 having an L-shaped tip is connected to the main shaft 64a. Further, an air supply and water supply tube 69 is introduced into the tip case 9, and a communication port 7 provided in the tube wall of the nozzle 68 is introduced.
0, and the gas or liquid is jetted out through a spout 71 provided at the tip of a nozzle 68 protruding from the front surface of the tip case 9. It's summery. O-rings 72 and 73 are provided between the tip case 9 and the nozzle 68 and between the tip case 9 and the main shaft 64a of the deceleration mechanism 64 to prevent these gases or liquids from entering the drive section.

Although the nozzle has only one spout 71 at the tip, as shown in FIG. Good too.

By driving the nozzle 68 with a motor as in the embodiment of the eighth aspect of the invention, air and water can be easily supplied over a wide range. The air supply and water supply tubes 69 are each connected to a compressor or a pump, and by connecting them to a suction pump, suction can be easily and quickly made from a wide range.

As explained above, a drive motor is provided near the operating section of the operating mechanism for operating the bending section of the endoscope, forceps table operation, visual field conversion operation, focus adjustment operation, etc., and the drive motor is electrically operated at the operating section. As a result, the drive wires conventionally used for the various operations mentioned above are no longer required or are extremely short, eliminating intertwining of the wires within the insertion section, and reducing loss of transmission force and time lag due to friction and slack caused by the drive wires. It has become possible to perform operations quickly and reliably with minimal effort. Furthermore, it has become possible to easily perform rotation in a cross section, which was relatively difficult in the past, such as the operation of a wiper provided on the front surface of the tip, and it has become possible to simplify many operations. Moreover, it is highly effective in solving the difficulties caused by the length of the endoscope in various operations.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the first invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the vicinity of the tip, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the first invention, and FIG. The figure is a sectional view of the embodiment of the second invention, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the same, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the third invention, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the same, FIG. 9 is a side view showing the relationship between the speed reduction mechanism and the motor, FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the fifth invention, and FIG. 11 is a side view of the sixth embodiment. 12 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the seventh invention, FIG. 13 is a front view thereof, FIG. 14 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the eighth invention, and FIG. 15 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the invention. The figure is also a sectional view of a modified example of the nozzle of this embodiment. 3...Insertion part, 18, 43, 50, 58, 63
...Drive motor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An operating portion, an insertion portion, a curved portion provided on the insertion portion, a rigid tip portion provided at the distal end of the insertion portion, and an observation window provided within the rigid tip portion. and an endoscope having an observation optical system, an illumination window and an illumination optical system similarly provided in the rigid distal end part, and a drive provided in the vicinity of the curved part in the insertion part and activated by operation of the operation part. 1. An endoscope comprising: a motor; a drive mechanism for transmitting the driving force of the drive motor; and a bending operation mechanism connected to the drive mechanism and provided within the curved portion. 2. an operating section, an insertion section, a curved section provided on the insertion section, a rigid tip section provided at the distal end of the insertion section, an observation window and an observation optical system provided within the rigid tip section; Similarly, in an endoscope having an illumination window and an illumination optical system provided in the rigid tip portion, a drive motor provided in the rigid tip portion and activated by operation of the operating portion;
A drive mechanism that transmits the driving force of this drive motor,
The forceps channel includes a forceps channel that is inserted into the insertion section and has an opening in the rigid tip portion, and a forceps lifting mechanism connected to the drive mechanism and provided near the opening on the rigid tip portion side of the forceps channel. An endoscope characterized by: 3. an operating section, an insertion section, a curved section provided on the insertion section, a rigid tip section provided at the distal end of the insertion section, an observation window and an observation optical system provided within the rigid tip section; Similarly, in an endoscope having an illumination window and an illumination optical system provided in the rigid tip portion, a drive motor provided in the rigid tip portion and activated by operation of the operating portion;
A drive mechanism that transmits the driving force of this drive motor,
An endoscope comprising: a focus adjustment mechanism connected to the drive mechanism and holding at least a portion of the observation optical system slidably in the optical axis direction thereof. 4. An operating section, a flexible insertion section, a curved section provided on the insertion section, a rigid tip section provided at the distal end of the insertion section, an observation window provided within the rigid tip section, and an observation optical system. and an endoscope having an illumination window and an illumination optical system similarly provided within the rigid distal end portion, a drive motor provided within the rigid distal end portion and activated by operation of the operating portion; a driving mechanism for transmitting a driving force; a field-of-view conversion member provided in at least a portion of the observation optical system; and a field-of-view conversion mechanism connected to the drive mechanism and holding the field-of-view conversion member. endoscope. 5. An operating section, a flexible insertion section, a curved section provided on the insertion section, a rigid tip section provided at the distal end of the insertion section, an observation window provided within the rigid tip section, and an observation optical system. and an endoscope having an illumination window and an illumination optical system similarly provided within the rigid distal end portion, a drive motor provided within the rigid distal end portion and activated by operation of the operating portion; a driving mechanism for transmitting the driving force of the viewing optical system; a viewing field converting member provided in at least a portion of the observation optical system; a viewing field converting mechanism connected to the driving mechanism and holding the viewing field converting member; An endoscope comprising: an illumination direction conversion member provided at least in part, connected to the drive mechanism, and interlocked with the visual field conversion member. 6 an operating section, an insertion section, a curved section provided on the insertion section, a rigid tip section provided at the distal end of the insertion section, an observation window and an observation optical system provided within the rigid tip section; Similarly, in an endoscope having an illumination window and an illumination optical system provided in the rigid tip part, a drive motor provided in the rigid tip part and activated by an operation on the operating part, and a driving force of the drive motor. a drive mechanism for transmitting the information; a hood provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rigid distal end portion and slidable in the longitudinal direction of the insertion section; and a hood coupled to the drive mechanism for sliding the hood in the longitudinal direction of the insertion section. What is claimed is: 1. An endoscope comprising: a hood sliding mechanism that allows the hood to move; 7. An operating section, an insertion section, a curved section provided on the insertion section, a rigid tip section provided at the distal end of the insertion section, an observation window and an observation optical system provided within the rigid tip section, Similarly, in an endoscope having an illumination window and an illumination optical system provided in the rigid tip portion, a drive motor provided in the rigid tip portion and activated by operation of the operating portion;
A drive mechanism that transmits the driving force of this drive motor,
An endoscope comprising: a wiper connected to the drive mechanism and provided on the end face of the rigid distal end portion for wiping the observation window and the illumination window. 8. An operating section, an insertion section, a curved section provided on the insertion section, a rigid tip section provided at the distal end of the insertion section, an observation window and an observation optical system provided on the rigid tip section, Similarly, in an endoscope having an illumination window and an illumination optical system provided within the rigid distal end portion, a driving motor provided within the rigid distal end portion and activated by operation of the operating portion; a drive mechanism for transmitting force; and a drive mechanism that is connected to the main shaft of the drive mechanism and is provided in the rigid tip part so that the opening performs circular motion on the end surface of the rigid tip part by rotationally driving the rigid tip part to supply air and water. or a nozzle for performing suction through the opening.