JPS6336227A - Electromagnetic driving shutter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of Industry-1-J] This invention relates to an electromagnetically driven shutter for use in photographic cameras and the like.

``Prior art'' A lever is attached to the rotation shaft of a motor in the middle, a shutter blade is connected to one end of the lever, and a permanent magnet is fixed to the other end, and - a predetermined interval is attached to the rotation area of the permanent magnet. An electromagnetically driven shutter is known in which first and second electromagnets are arranged at a distance from each other (Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-10408).

This shutter uses a first electromagnet to attract a permanent magnet to keep the shutter closed, a second electromagnet to attract a permanent magnet to prevent the shutter from opening, and a motor to rotate a lever to open and close the shutter. Perform the action.

In addition, a plurality of electromagnets consisting of arc-shaped magnetic cores and coils are provided, and these electromagnets are fixed to a holder and arranged at a predetermined interval on the same circle, and are further fixed to a movable ring to achieve the above-described structure. An electromagnetic drive that includes a plurality of arc-shaped permanent magnets arranged between each of the magnetic cores, and opens and closes the shutter blade by rotating a ring due to the magnetic action of the electromagnets and a permanent grinding stone. A shutter is known (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-216230).

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention-1] The motor-driven shutter described in section 7 requires a drive unit consisting of a motor, an electromagnet, and a permanent magnet to be installed in each of the shutter blades. Since it becomes complicated and requires multiple motors,
There is a problem with high strike prices.

A shutter in which multiple electromagnets and permanent magnets are arranged in a circle not only has a large number of electromagnets and permanent magnets, but also requires that they be accurately arranged on the same circle. In addition, since each electromagnet and permanent magnet has unique magnetic characteristics, adjusting the shutter accuracy involves many parts and parts, making it a troublesome adjustment work.

1) The present invention ξ;
The first objective was to develop an electromagnetic drive shutter with a simple configuration with a small number of 91i products and low power consumption, and to develop an electromagnetic shutter with easy adjustment and high shutter accuracy. This is the second purpose.

Therefore, in the present invention, as a first invention, there is provided a permanent magnet provided to rotate between a first rotation position and a second rotation position, and one magnetic pole of the permanent magnet at the first rotation position. an electromagnet having at least two core ends, one core end where the magnetic poles approach and the other core end where the other magnetic pole approaches in a second rotational position, and -1 rotation of the permanent magnet; a shack that opens and closes in conjunction with a first pulse current that applies a driving force to the permanent magnet from the first rotation position to the second rotation position, and a first pulse current that applies a driving force to the permanent magnet from the second rotation position to the first rotation position. The -1 distribution magnet is energized with a second pulse current of opposite polarity to the first pulse current that provides a driving force toward the seat, and the seat ivy is opened and closed, thereby causing the magnetic action of the permanent magnet at the first and second rotational positions. The present invention proposes an electromagnetically driven shirt shirt characterized by a structure in which the shutter is stopped from closing or opening by the suction force exerted on the core end.

As the second invention, the first! A permanent magnet provided to rotate between the Ij position and a second rotating position, a core end on one side to which one magnetic pole of the permanent magnet approaches in the first rotating position, and a second rotating position. An electromagnet having at least two core ends with the other magnetic pole approaching in the moving position and a permanent magnet rotated from a first rotating position to a second rotating position. A shutter is linked to the rotation of the permanent magnet so that it opens during the process and closes during the process of rotating from the second rotation position to the first rotation position, and the first rotation of the permanent magnet ( i
and an adjusting member that changes the position of the shutter at seven positions and adjusts the opening operation time of the shutter by two positions, and applies a driving force to the permanent magnet from the first rotation position to the second rotation position.

supplying power to the electromagnet with a first pulse current that provides a first pulse current that generates power and a second pulse current that has a polarity opposite to the first pulse current that provides a single power from a second rotating position to the first rotating position, and opening and closing the seat ivy; An electromagnetic drive shutter is proposed, characterized in that the sheet ivy is restrained from closing or opening by the magnetic action of the permanent magnet at the first and second rotational positions, and by the attractive force exerted on the core end. do.

In the first invention described as "-J", the permanent magnet attracts one end of the core that is not magnetized by its own magnetic force to maintain the first rotating position and close the shutter. When the electromagnet is stopped in this state and the electromagnet is powered with the first pulse current, the magnetization at the end of the core generates a driving force in the permanent magnet, causing the permanent magnet to rotate from the first rotating position toward the second rotating position. and open the shutter. When the permanent magnet is displaced to the second rotating position, the shutter is fully opened, and the permanent magnet attracts the other non-magnetized core end with its own magnetic force to move to the second rotating position. and keep the shutter fully open. When a second pulse current flows through the electromagnet at this stage of operation, a driving force in the opposite direction to the above is generated, causing the permanent magnet to rotate from the second rotation position toward the first rotation position, closing the shutter. make it work.

In the second invention, the first rotation position of the permanent magnet can be slightly displaced by adjustment using the εIN adjustment member, and from this, in the process of rotating the permanent magnet from the first rotation position to the second rotation position. Start point and end point of the shutter to open (fully open 1
r'1. ) can be adjusted.

This adjustment means is particularly effective in adjusting the exposure time when the shutter is used as a so-called 9-gram shutter, in which the shutter is closed until it is fully opened.

[Example-1 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 do not show the first embodiment, but are simplified diagrams of the electromagnetically driven shutter. FIG. 1 shows the shutter 4 and ivy in a closed state, and FIG. 2 shows the shutter in a fully open state.

Figures 3 and 4 are simplified diagrams showing enlarged sides of the electromagnetic motor of Shanota described in -1-. Figure 3 shows the state where the permanent magnet is in the first rotation position, and Figure 4 shows the permanent magnet The magnets are each shown in the second rotational position.

In these figures,] 1 with the 8J giJ+ lever,
- The center of one end of the rail 1J is pivotally attached to a support shaft 2 provided on the base plate, so that it can be rotated to the left and to the right.

The end surface of one arm 1a of this lever 1 is formed into a curved surface along a circle centered on the support shaft 2, and this one arm 1a has yokes on both sides of a spacer 1a1 that corresponds to the lever width direction.
Two permanent magnets 3.4 connected at a2 are fixed.

The permanent magnet 3 has its right end magnetized as an N pole and its left end as an S pole, and the permanent magnet 4, on the contrary, has its right end magnetized as an S pole and its left end as an N pole.

A shutter blade 5.6 is rotatably connected to the other arm 1b of the drive lever 1 with a pin 7.8, and a screw receiver IC for an adjustment screw 9 is integrally formed in the middle of this lever 1. It is.

The shutter blade 5.6 is loosely fitted into a fixed pin 10 provided on the base plate so that the long holes formed in these blades overlap, and the shutter blade 5 rotates to the left in conjunction with the clockwise rotation of the drive lever 1. , the shutter blade 6 rotates to the right, and these openings 5
a, 6a open the aperture 11 as shown in FIG.

Adjustment screw 9 i; I - Screw boulder fixed to the main plate
12, and this screw 9 drives the drive lever 1.
Left rotation limit! df! 7W, adjust the first rotation position in advance.

Note that clockwise rotation I11 of the drive lever 1. ! The field position, Zunawara, and the second rotation position are determined by a stopper bin 13 provided on the main plate.

On the other hand, reference numeral 14 is an electromagnet, which is composed of an electromagnetic coil 16 installed on the central leg of each core of E type. The curved surface is formed along a circle centered at 2.

This electromagnet 14 drives one surface of the core leg and is fixed to the tilt plate so as to be in contact with the end surface of one arm of the bar 1.

Next, the operation of the electromagnetically driven shutter described above will be explained.

Normally, the seat ivy is closed in the state shown in FIG. In this closed state, the electromagnet 14 is not powered and the core 15 is not magnetized by &lJ.

In addition, among the permanent magnets 3.4 provided on the drive lever 1, the N pole of the permanent magnet 3 is slightly shifted from the leg end surface of the outer leg on one side of the core 5, and the S pole of the permanent magnet 4 is the same. Core +5 (
It is away from the leg end surface of the outer leg on the side of the room and closer to the leg end surface of the central leg.

In the above state, the N pole of the permanent magnet 3 exerts an attractive force on the leg end surface of the core 15, and since this N pole acts to directly oppose the leg end surface, a weak counterclockwise rotational force acts on the drive lever 1. ing. As a result, this lever 1 comes into contact with the adjustment screw 9 and is mechanically stable.

When releasing the shutter, the electromagnet I4 is powered with a positive pulse current, and then with a negative pulse current.

As the positive pulse 11 flows through the key coil 16, both the leg end surface of one outer leg (upper side in the figure) and the leg end surface of the other outer leg (lower side in the figure) of the core I5 become N poles. The end faces of the central legs are each magnetized to the south pole. From this, by feeding the positive pulse current, the N pole of the permanent magnet 3 receives a repulsive force, and the S pole of the permanent grinding stone 3
Since it is repelled by the S pole of J1 and attracted by the N pole of the other outer leg, a driving force of 1-rook for clockwise rotation is generated in the drive lever 1, and this lever l is rotated in the first rotation shown in FIG. The second rotation GiW shown in FIG. 4 from the position! Rotate until.

When the drive lever 1 is displaced to the second rotation position, the S pole of the permanent magnet 4 contacts the leg end surface of the outer leg on the other side of the core 15 with a slight deviation, and the N pole of the permanent magnet 3 contacts the leg end face of the outer leg on the other side. Approach the leg end surface of the pongee center leg from the end surface of the leg.

Also, the positive pulse current passes through the electromagnetic coil 16, and the core 1
After the magnetization of the permanent magnet 5 disappears, the S pole of the permanent magnet 4 directly faces the end face of the leg and does not exert any attractive force, so a weak clockwise rotation force acts on the drive lever, and this lever 1 is moved to the stopper pin 13. It becomes mechanically stable when it hits the .

When the drive lever 1 rotates as described above, the shutter blade 5 receives a driving force via the pin 7 and rotates to the left about the fixed pin 10, and the shutter blade 6 is similarly driven via the pin 8. The shack is turned to the right around the fixed bin 10, and when the drive lever 1 reaches the second rotation position, the shack is fully opened as shown in FIG.

With the shank open, the electromagnet 14 is powered with a negative pulse current. In this case, each 1lO1#A surface of the core 15 is magnetized with a polarity opposite to that described above, and a driving torque for left eye movement is generated in the driving lever 1. From this, the drive lever] is the fourth
After the negative pulse current passes through the electromagnetic coil 16, it is mechanically stabilized by the attractive force against the leg end surface due to the N pole of the permanent magnet 3. do.

The shutter blade 5.6 is interlocked with the above-described return rotation of the drive lever 1, and turns in the opposite direction to close the shutter as shown in FIG.

FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are time charts showing the pulse current feeding the electromagnet 14 and the movement of the shutter.

As can be seen from these figures, the shutter blades 5 and 6 move at the point T1 when the electromagnet 14 is powered with the positive pulse current P1 (at the time T2).
．． When the run-up distance of 6 is completed, the shutter starts to open at Jjmin-r 3, and the power supply by the pulse current P1 is applied to the straight 1 & (pulse P) which has passed the unstable point of the electromagnetic drive mechanism ('4 o'clock + jλ). The falling phase ends at λ'r5), and thereafter, the drive lever 1 is rotated to the second rotation position by the clockwise rotation force that causes the S pole of the permanent magnet 4 to attract the end surface of the other outer leg of the core 15. At this time (at time Ta), the shutter reaches full open.

Time T7O when the electromagnet 14 is powered with the negative pulse current P2
From 1f & (as of Ta), shutter blade I! ! 5.6 moves in the opposite direction to that described above lIh and closes the shutter at time Tll.

Power is supplied to the electromagnet 14 at the unstable point c'rS of the electromagnetic drive mechanism. ! 1rfff& (falling point Too of pulse P2), and in 1&, the N pole of the permanent magnet 3 attracts the leg end surface of one outer leg of the core 15, causing the drive lever 1 to rotate to the left. When the lever 1 reaches the first rotation position (at time T12), the shutter blade 5.6 comes to rest.

The unstable point of the electromagnetic drive mechanism (times T4 and T9) is that when the power supply to the electromagnet 14 is cut off, the attractive force between the N pole of the permanent magnet 3 and the S pole of the permanent magnet 4 equally acts on the end face of each leg. In this case, the drive lever 1 comes to rest mid-rotation. From this, it can be seen that the falling time T5 of the positive pulse current P1
is the position after the unstable time T4, and the negative pulse current P
The falling time T1o of No. 2 is determined at a position after the unstable time T9.

The shutter blade 5.6 also has a run-up distance (11 in Figure 1).
．． 7!2, I in Fig. 5(b)) is provided to be quite large, and the shutter starts to open when this run-up distance is completed.

The adjustment screw 9 is screwed in and loosened to increase or decrease the run-up distance and adjust the shutter opening time.

That is, by tightening the adjustment screw 9, the drive lever 1 moves to a position rotated slightly clockwise in FIG. 1, and the run-up distance of the shutter blade 5.6 decreases. The lever 1 moves to the position shown in FIG. 1, where it has been rotated slightly to the left, and the run-up distance 1 increases.

il of the shutter opening operation time mentioned above! , (by adjustment, the open state of the shutter is corrected as shown in FIG. 6 as an example.

The rising part of curve a shown in this figure (8 curves in the range 'To~Tx) shows the shutter opening operation curve before adjustment, and the rising part of curve a (5 curves in the range 'T''o~Tx) shows the shutter opening operation curve before adjustment.
Curve) shows the shutter opening operation curve when the run-up distance is adjusted to be shortened by S.

This drawing shows a state in which the shutter is controlled as a programmed shutter that moves to the closing operation before the shutter fully opens. In the case of normal shutter control, the standing 1- of the a. The shirt opening motion curve extends until it hits the dashed line shown in FIG.

The shaded area A shown in the figure is the exposure h1 before adjustment, the shaded area) 3
is the exposure amount after adjustment, and the exposure p increases in proportion to the area of the shaded portion B compared to the area of the shaded portion A before and after adjustment. Note that the shutter open time is extended to Tb after adjustment compared to Ta before adjustment.

The above adjustment has little effect in the case of shutter control that keeps the shutter fully open, but in cases where the shutter is controlled to close immediately after it is fully opened, or when the shutter blade 5.6 is used as an aperture. This is effective when using program shutter control.

In this way, the opening operation time of the shutter can be adjusted by adjusting the circumference using the circumferential adjustment screw 9, regardless of differences in the magnetic characteristics of individual electromagnets or permanent magnets, or mechanical play of the shutter. The shutter accuracy can be improved by setting a predetermined shutter opening operation time.

Next, other embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, in which the same members as in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.

7 and 8 are simplified diagrams of an electromagnetic drive mechanism showing a second embodiment.

In this embodiment, an electromagnet 20 is constructed by providing electromagnetic coils 18 and 19 on each of the legs of an 11-shaped core I7, and a permanent magnet 21 is attached to a support shaft 22 between the front legs of the core leg. The permanent magnet 21 has a drive lever 23 fixed to the permanent magnet 21.

Under normal conditions, one magnetic pole N of the permanent magnet 21 exerts an attractive force on the leg end of the lower leg, and the other magnetic pole S exerts an attractive force on the middle of the second leg, and the permanent magnet 21 and the drive lever 23 are mechanically It remains in a stable state. When the electromagnet 20 is powered with a positive pulse current, the core 17 is magnetized as shown in FIG. 7, and the permanent magnet 21 moves from the first rotating position shown in FIG. 7 to the second rotating position shown in FIG. Rotate. While the electromagnet 21 reaches the second rotational position, its magnetic pole N exerts an attractive force on the leg end of the upper leg, and its magnetic pole S exerts an attractive force on the middle of the lower leg, and the electromagnet 21 becomes mechanically stable.

When the electromagnet 20 is powered with a negative pulse current in the state shown in FIG. 8, the core 17 is magnetized with the opposite polarity, and the permanent magnet 2
1 returns from the rotational position shown in FIG. 8 to the rotational position not shown in FIG.

Other aspects are the same as in the first embodiment; the shutter blade opens and closes in conjunction with a drive lever 23 that rotates together with a permanent magnet 21, and the run-up distance of the shutter blade is adjusted by an adjustment screw 9. .

9 and 10 are simplified diagrams of an electromagnetic drive mechanism showing a third embodiment.

In this embodiment, two electromagnets 25 are placed with a permanent magnet 24 in between.
．． 26 are arranged facing each other, and a drive lever 27 is fixed to a permanent magnet 24. In addition, 28 and 29 are U-shaped cores, 30 and 31 are electromagnetic coils, and 32 is a support shaft of the permanent magnet 24.

The electromagnetic drive mechanism of this embodiment normally has a permanent magnet 24
As shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic pole faces of the cores 28 and 29 are stabilized in a state slightly shifted from one O-leg end face, and maintain the first rotation position. When the electromagnets 25,26 are simultaneously energized with a positive pulse current and the cores 28,29 are magnetized as shown, the permanent magnet 24 is rotated to the second rotational position shown in FIG.

Furthermore, when the permanent magnet 24 is in the rotational position shown in FIG. 10, if the electromagnets 25 and 26 are simultaneously supplied with negative pulse current, the cores 28 and 29 are magnetized with the polarity shown in FIG. rotates toward the first rotation position and returns to the state shown in FIG.

The rest is the same as the first and second embodiments described above.

FIGS. 1I and 12 are simplified diagrams of an electromagnetic drive mechanism showing a fourth embodiment.

This embodiment is composed of a permanent magnet 33 having magnetic poles on all sides, electromagnets 34 and 35 arranged at a predetermined angle with this permanent magnet 33 in between, and a drive lever 36 fixed to the permanent magnet 33. . In addition, 37 is a spindle of the permanent magnet 33, 38.39 is a core, and 40.41 is an electromagnetic coil.

In the electromagnetic drive mechanism of this embodiment, the permanent magnet 33 stably maintains the first rotating position in the state shown in FIG. 1I under normal conditions. When the electromagnets 34 and 35 are simultaneously supplied with positive pulse current and the cores 38 and 39 are magnetized with the polarity shown in FIG. 11, the permanent magnet 33 generates a clockwise driving torque, and the second rotation shown in FIG. It rotates to the second rotation position and is temporarily stabilized at this second rotation position. When the electromagnet 34.35 is powered by the subsequent negative pulse current, the core 38.39 is magnetized with the opposite polarity as shown in FIG.
Return to the first rotation position shown in Figure 1.

The rest is the same as each embodiment described above.

In each of the above embodiments, the electromagnet is powered with a positive pulse current to open the shutter, and the electromagnet is powered with a negative pulse current to close the shutter, but if the winding direction of the electromagnetic coil is changed appropriately, the negative pulse The shutter can be opened and closed in the same way by sending a positive pulse current after supplying the current, or by making the positive pulse current and negative pulse current consecutive and reducing the pulse width of the preceding positive pulse current. If appropriate measures are taken, the shutter blades 5.6 can be effectively used as a program shutter that also serves as an aperture.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, in the present invention, the permanent magnet is mechanically stably stopped at the first and second rotational positions, the shutter is kept in the closed or open state, and the electromagnet is powered with pulsed current. By doing this, the permanent magnet is rotated from the first rotating position to the second rotating position, and this j is further rotated to open and close the shutter, so the amount of power consumed by shutter control is reduced. In addition, the electromagnetic drive shutter has a simple structure with an extremely small number of parts, and can be produced at low cost.

Furthermore, errors in the shutter opening operation time caused by the unique magnetic characteristics of each electromagnet or permanent magnet can be easily eliminated by the adjustment member that adjusts the first rotational position of the permanent magnet, and the shutter accuracy can be improved. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are simplified diagrams of an electromagnetically driven shutter showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 shows the closed state of the shutter,
FIG. 2 shows the shutter in its fully open state. Figures 3 and 4 are simplified enlarged views showing the electromagnetic drive mechanism of the shutter. Figure 3 shows the permanent magnet in the first rotating position, and Figure 4 shows the permanent magnet in the first rotating position. Each figure is shown in two rotational positions. Figures 5 (a) and (b) are time charts showing the pulse current that powers the electromagnet of the shutter and the movement of the shutter, and Figure 6 is a time chart for explaining the adjustment operation of the shutter opening time. Figures 7 and 8 show a second magnet constructed by providing a permanent magnet between the U-shaped cores constituting the electromagnet.
Simplified diagrams of the electromagnetic drive mechanism showing an embodiment, FIGS. 9 and 1O
The figure is a simplified diagram of an electromagnetic drive mechanism according to a third embodiment in which two electromagnets are arranged facing each other with a permanent magnet in between.
This figure and FIG. 12 are simplified diagrams of an electromagnetic drive mechanism according to a fourth embodiment in which two electromagnets are provided sandwiching a permanent magnet having magnetic poles in four directions. I, 23.27.36... Drive lever 3.4.21.
24.33...Permanent magnet 5.6...Shutter blade 9...Adjustment screw 14.20.25.26.34.35...Electromagnet. Figure 11 Figure 12

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A permanent magnet provided to rotate between a first rotation position and a second rotation position, and a core end on one side where one magnetic pole of this permanent magnet approaches in the first rotation position an electromagnet having at least two core ends, a core end on the other side and a core end on the other side where the other magnetic pole approaches in a second rotation position; and a shutter that opens and closes in conjunction with rotation of the permanent magnet. , a first pulse current that applies a driving force to the permanent magnet from the first rotating position to the second rotating position, and a first pulse current from the second rotating position to the first rotating position.
powering the electromagnet with a second pulse current of opposite polarity to the first pulse current that provides a driving force toward the rotational position;
An electromagnetic drive shutter characterized in that the shutter is opened and closed, and the shutter is stopped in the closed or opened state by the attractive force exerted on the core end by the magnetic action of the permanent magnet at the first and second rotational positions. . (2) A permanent magnet provided to rotate between a first rotation position and a second rotation position, and a core end on one side where one magnetic pole of this permanent magnet approaches in the first rotation position. an electromagnet having at least two core ends, a core end on the other side and a core end on the other side where the other magnetic pole approaches in a second rotational position, and the permanent magnet moves from the first rotational position to the second rotational position. A shutter that is linked to the rotation of the permanent magnet so as to open during the rotation process and close during the rotation process from the second rotation position to the first rotation position; an adjustment member for changing the rotational position and adjusting the opening operation time of the shutter; The electromagnet is powered with a second pulse current of opposite polarity to the first pulse current that provides a driving force from the second rotation position to the first rotation position, and the shutter is opened and closed, and the shutter is moved to the first and second rotation positions. 1. An electromagnetically driven shutter characterized in that the shutter is stopped from closing or opening by an attractive force exerted on the end of the core by the magnetic action of a permanent magnet.