JPS6367621B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a marine air conditioner, specifically a marine air conditioner that cools or heats the cabins in a ship equipped with a plurality of cabins and passages to these cabins. Regarding equipment.

(Prior art) The conventional air conditioning system for each cabin in a ship is to install a large air conditioner mainly in the machine room, connect a duct to the outlet side of this air conditioner,
There is a so-called central air conditioning system (duct system) in which temperature-controlled and humidity-controlled air (hereinafter referred to as treated air) is pumped to each cabin through this duct, and an individual air conditioning system in which each cabin is equipped with an individual air conditioner. The harmonic method is known.

However, when using the central air conditioning system (duct system), since ducts are used, the first
In order to install these ducts, the initial cost is high.Secondly, in order to install the ducts in the limited space inside the ship, the diameter of the ducts is kept as small as possible. It is necessary to increase the air conveyance power for pumping the air, which causes the problem of increased energy consumption.Also, thirdly, although the ducts are insulated, there is a need to increase the power for conveying the air, which increases energy consumption accordingly.Also, thirdly, although the ducts are insulated, it is necessary to There is a problem in that the temperature of the processing air changes, and heat loss occurs during air conveyance.

Moreover, the suction side of the air conditioner communicates with the outside air to take in fresh air and mix it with the return air from each of the above-mentioned cabins. The amount of fresh air intake is determined based on public rooms with the maximum number of occupants.

That is, more fresh air than necessary is taken into a private room where there are few people in the room, and for this reason, the ratio of the amount of fresh air to the amount of air blown out by the air conditioner becomes large. As a result, fourth, the necessary fresh air load acts on the air conditioner, which requires increasing the capacity of the air conditioner, and there is a problem of power loss. The treated air, except for the exhaust air, is all returned to the air conditioner, mixed with the fresh air mentioned above, and then supplied to each cabin again.
If even one cabin was contaminated, the contaminated air would often spread to all the cabins, leading to the problem of outbreaks of diseases such as mass colds.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the central air conditioning system (duct system), as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-27079, and as shown in Fig. 11, a passage C to the cabin B... The continuous ceiling chamber C ₁ of the cabin _B serves as a ventilation passage, and the ceiling chamber C ₁ is connected to the outlet side of the air conditioner A installed in the machine room M. We have proposed a system in which introduction passages E opening into the room are provided, these introduction passages E are communicated with the ceiling chamber _C1 serving as a ventilation passage, and a fan F is provided in each of the introduction passages E.

However, although this conventional device can solve the first and second problems mentioned above, it can solve the third problem.
The fifth problem cannot be solved.

By the way, as a method to solve the problem of the central air conditioning system (duct system) as described above, there is the individual air conditioning system mentioned above. Since this is done by installing air conditioners and circulating the indoor air, there is a problem with the intake of fresh air.

In other words, when fresh air is taken in, it is done through natural ventilation using windows or fresh air is introduced into each cabin using fresh air ducts, but natural ventilation through windows cannot take in the necessary fresh air. However, air pollution becomes significant during stormy weather, and when ducts are used, the ducts must be installed for each cabin, which causes the same problem as the first problem with the central air conditioning system. occurs.

On the other hand, in order to improve the comfort of modern ships, it is necessary to provide air conditioning to the aisles, but if an individual air conditioning system is used, a separate air conditioner for the aisles is required, which increases the cost accordingly. It is.

(Object of the invention) The object of the invention is to use an individual air conditioning system,
Taking advantage of the advantages of this method, we focused on the fact that the door to the passage provided in each cabin is usually formed with a grille and that the door is opened for entering and exiting the cabin, and used the passage as a mixing chamber. In this way, sufficient fresh air can be taken into each cabin without using a fresh air intake duct, and the air conditioning of the passages is also possible, thereby solving each of the problems in the above-mentioned systems. The point is that it has been achieved as much as possible.

(Structure of the Invention) The structure of the present invention is that in an individual air conditioner in which an air conditioner is installed in each cabin that communicates with each other through a passage, an air inlet that opens into the passage is provided in a partition wall on the passage side of each cabin. and each of these suction ports communicates with the air suction side of the air conditioner, while an outside air intake means is provided in the passage to take in outside air, and indoor air and fresh air flowing out from the cabin are provided in the passage. By creating a mixing chamber with a mixing chamber, it is possible to easily control each cabin individually without using a duct, while solving the problems caused by using the duct, and still allowing the necessary fresh air to be taken into each cabin. Moreover, it also made it possible to air-condition the passageway.

(Example) Next, an example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3.

The living quarters of the ship shown in Figures 1 and 2 have three layers, upper and lower, with a floor plate 1, a roof plate 2, and intermediate floor plates 3 and 4. Cabin B... is arranged.

The passage C is continuous and allows access to each cabin B..., and communicates with the deck passage D provided on both port and starboard sides of the ship via deck doors _D1 , and the passage C... in each layer is connected to the deck passage D provided on both port and starboard sides of the ship. They are connected to each other via stairs (not shown).

A ceiling 5 is attached to each of the passage C and each cabin B..., and a ceiling chamber C ₁ is installed in the ceiling space.
is provided. In addition, the ceiling room of the passage C
C ₁ is separated from the ceiling chamber (not shown) of cabin B, and the passage C ceiling chamber C ₁ is continuous along passage C.

In each of the cabins B in the residential area configured as above, an air conditioner 10 is individually installed. A suction port 11 that opens is provided corresponding to each of the cabins B, and these suction ports 11 are connected to the air suction side of the air conditioner 10 installed in each of the cabins B through a communication path 10a. communication,
and a partition wall 8 between the passage C and the deck passage D;
That is, the partition wall 8 in which the deck door _D1 is provided is provided with a fresh air intake 20 above the deck door _D1 , and a fan 21 is attached to the intake port 20, and the passage C is connected to the cabin B.
This is a mixing chamber for indoor air flowing out from the room and fresh air driven by the fan 21.

Incidentally, the partition wall 6 in the cabin B is provided with a cabin door B ₁ to the passage C corresponding to each of the cabins B.
Further, each of these cabin doors _B1 ... is provided with a door grille G, and when the door grille G and the cabin door _B1 ... are opened, the treated air blown from the air conditioner 10... to each cabin B... The air in the cabin B is conditioned and then discharged into the passage C.

Further, the air conditioner 10 uses a heat pump type water-cooled air conditioner, and each air conditioner 10 has a heat source side to water heat exchanger 12 and a user side to air. Heat exchanger 13
These heat exchangers 12 and 13 are equipped with a compressor,
Refrigeration equipment such as four-way switching valves and expansion valves (not shown)
and the heat exchanger 12,
13 is used as a condenser and the other as an evaporator to enable heating and cooling. The heat source-side water heat exchangers 12 are each connected to a water circulation system 14 for fresh water, an expansion tank 15 is connected to the water circulation system 14, and a circulation pump 16 is interposed, and seawater is pumped up by a seawater pump 17. A heat exchanger 18 for cooling and a heat exchanger 19 for heating, which mainly introduces hot water or steam from the kitchen to exchange heat, are installed.

Note that 30 is a humidifying spray for humidifying the air blown out from the user-side air heat exchanger 13, and is connected to the water circulation system 14 via a solenoid valve 31.

Further, in FIG. 1, H is an exhaust duct for exhausting the bath/toilet room K or common toilet attached to the cabin B, and one end thereof is open to the deck passageway D side.

In the above configuration, air conditioning of the cabin B can be performed individually by operating the air conditioner 10 installed in each cabin B occupied.

In this air conditioning operation, fresh air introduced from the passage C into the passage C via the air inlet 11 and fresh air from the cabin B... Mixed air with the outflowing air is supplied and blown into the cabin B as treated air.

Further, the treated air air-conditions the inside of the cabin B and is discharged into the passage C when the door grill G or the cabin B ₁ is opened. This discharge amount is equal to the supply amount supplied from the suction port 11 excluding the amount of leakage from the cabin B, and the treated air is connected to the cabin B and the passage through the air conditioner 10. C
and fresh air is taken in through the passage C.

Incidentally, air corresponding to the amount of fresh air taken into the passage C is exhausted to the outside air through the window of the cabin B, the exhaust duct H provided in the bath/toilet room K, or the deck door _D1 .

Therefore, in the above configuration, the passage C becomes a mixing chamber for the fresh air taken in from the fresh air intake port 20 driven by the fan 21 and the indoor air flowing out into the passage C. Necessary fresh air can be taken into each cabin B according to the capacity of the air conditioner 10 without using a fresh air intake duct,
At the same time, the passageway C can be air-conditioned.

Furthermore, since no ducts are required, there is no cost increase due to the construction of ducts, the space inside the ship can be used effectively, and individual control according to the size of each cabin B is also possible.

In the embodiment described above, a fresh air intake port 20 that opens into the passage C is provided in the partition wall 8 on the deck passage D side of the passage C, and fresh air is taken directly into the passage C. The means for introducing fresh air into the system can be modified as shown in FIGS. 4-8.

The one shown in _FIG .
0 and a fan 21 are provided to introduce fresh air into the ceiling chamber _C1 , and also to draw fresh air into the ceiling chamber C1.
An air outlet 22 is provided in the ceiling 5 forming C ₁ at a position corresponding to the inlet 11 opening into the passage C. By doing this, the ceiling chamber _C1 is used as a duct, and each cabin B...
On the other hand, fresh air can be uniformly taken in from the fresh air intake port 20.

Also, what is shown in Figures 5 and 6 is the bus
Fresh air is taken into the passage C by using a duct space S in which an exhaust duct H having one end opened in the toilet room K is piped.

That is, generally, a pipe-type exhaust duct H is installed in the bath/toilet room K in the living quarters of a ship to exhaust the odor and steam, but the piping of this exhaust duct H is not connected to the cabin B... or the passageway. A duct space S is formed which is separated from C and extends from the lowest layer to the roof plate 2.

The one shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 utilizes this duct space S, extends this duct space S above the roof plate 2, and opens it to the outside air.
A fan 23 is attached to this open end to forcibly take in fresh air into the duct space S, and the duct space S is provided with an outlet 24 that opens into the passage C in each layer. It is.

In addition, in FIGS. 5 and 6, the exhaust duct H
is led out from the ceiling chamber C2 in the uppermost cabin B through the roof plate ₂ , and a suction fan _F1 is provided at the open end thereof.

In addition, the one shown in FIG. 7 utilizes the duct space S, as well as the duct space S shown in _FIG . Fresh air taken into the space S is introduced into the passageway C from the ceiling chamber _C1 .

That is, an opening 25 communicating with the duct space S is provided in the ceiling chamber C ₁ of the passage C, and an opening 25 is provided in the ceiling 5 forming the ceiling chamber C ₁ at a position corresponding to the air inlet 11. A blower outlet 26 to C is provided.

Furthermore, in the case shown in FIG. 8, fresh air is taken into each passageway C in each stage layer by one intake device 28 equipped with a fan 27. It is sufficient that fresh air is sent to C through the ventilation duct 29.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 8, the intake device 28 is installed on the upper part of the roof board 2, and the air duct 29
are piped vertically through the passage C or the cabin B near the passage C, and this ventilation duct 29 is provided with branch ducts 29a for each floor. ceiling room
It opens directly into C ₁ or passage C.

Incidentally, instead of being installed on the upper part of the roof board 2 as shown in FIG. 8, the intake device 28 may be installed, for example, inside or outside the passage C of the intermediate layer, or inside the cabin B where space is available.

In addition, when fresh air is taken into the passage C as described above, the intake means is simply the fans 21 and 2.
3 and 27 may be used alone, but as shown in FIG. 9, an air filter 41, a cooling coil 42, a heating coil 43, and a humidifier 44 may also be provided. The cooling coil 42 and the heating coil 43 are connected to the water circulation system 14 for the heat source-side water heat exchanger 12 in the air conditioner 10.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, the exhaust duct H
A total heat exchanger 45 that exchanges heat between the exhaust gas and fresh air may be used.

It goes without saying that the air conditioner 10 may be a cooling-only machine, a heating-only machine, a fan coil unit, or the like, in addition to the heat pump type water-cooled air conditioner.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention installs an air conditioner 10 in each cabin B so as to individually condition the air in each cabin B. The problem of the air conditioning system can be solved, the cost is low, and each cabin B can be controlled individually, and the suction port 11 opened to the passage C is provided in the partition wall 6 on the passage C side of each cabin B. are provided, and these suction ports 11 are connected to the air suction side of the air conditioner 10, respectively.The passage C is provided with an outside air intake means for taking outside air, and the passage C is connected to the air intake side of the air conditioner 10. By creating a mixing chamber for outflowing room air and fresh air, fresh air can be taken in without using ducts, and the required amount of fresh air can be taken into each cabin B.
This also made it possible to air condition the passage C.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view taken along a passage, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram explaining the water circulation system of the air conditioner, and Figs. 4 to 8 each show different embodiments. , FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 with some parts omitted, FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional plan view, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the same embodiment as in Fig. 5, taken across the passage, Fig. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the same example, with one part omitted, which crosses the passage, and Fig. 8 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view corresponding to Fig. 6. 9 and 10 are schematic explanatory diagrams showing an embodiment of the fresh air intake means, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a vertical example. B...cabin, C...passage, 6...bulkhead, 1
0...Air conditioner, 11...Suction port, 21...Fan.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A marine air conditioner comprising a plurality of cabins B... and passages C to these cabins B,
An air conditioner 10 is installed in each of the cabins B.
At the same time, a suction port 11 that opens into the passage C is provided in the partition wall 6 on the passage C side of each of the cabins 1B, and these suction ports 11 are respectively connected to the air suction side of the air conditioner 10. Marine air, characterized in that the passage C is provided with an outside air intake means for taking in outside air, and the passage C is used as a mixing chamber for indoor air flowing out from the cabin B and fresh air. harmonization device.