JPS637304B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solar heat collection device that utilizes a photoisomer material as a heat transfer material.

Conventional solar heat collectors are collectors with a black paint film or selective absorption film formed on the surface, and a heat transfer material absorbs solar energy as sensible heat, and this heat transfer material is supplied to a heat exchanger for heat exchange and hot water storage. The water in the tank is heated to a temperature determined by the type and area of the collector, the flow rate of the heat transfer material, the volume of the storage tank, etc., and then stored. For this reason, when storing hot water at a high temperature, solar thermal collectors tend to have a large heat radiation loss, which increases the cost of heat retention.On the other hand, when trying to reduce the heat radiation loss by storing hot water at a low temperature, it is necessary to reheat the hot water for hot water extraction. It required equipment and energy such as electricity, gas, oil, etc. for additional heating.

In addition, a photoisomer material such as norbornadiene is used as a heat transfer material to absorb solar energy as the latent heat of photoisomerization of quadricyclane, etc., and transfer the absorbed thermal energy to convert quadricyclane to norbornadiene in a catalytic reactor. Some researchers have considered materials that attempt to convert heat energy by causing a reverse reaction, but these heat transport materials mainly absorb solar energy in the low wavelength region and have poor absorption efficiency. Therefore, as a measure to improve absorption efficiency, it is possible to use a photoisomer material added with a sensitizer as a heat transporter, but this method is very
It is difficult to obtain a solar energy conversion efficiency of more than %.

The present invention takes these problems into consideration and provides a solar heat collection device that uses a photoisomer material as a heat transfer material and is highly energy-saving, efficient, and has a simple configuration. The purpose is to

To achieve this objective, the present invention uses a solar heat-absorbing material that disperses a colored substance in a photoisomer material as a heat transfer material, absorbs solar energy as sensible heat energy and photoisomerization latent heat energy, and includes a collector. A first circulation circuit for the solar energy absorbing material and a first circulation circuit for exchanging sensible heat energy sequentially inserted into the first circulation circuit.
a heat exchanger and a hot water storage tank for a solar energy absorbing material, a second circulation circuit for the solar energy absorption material connected to the storage tank, and a photoisomerization latent heat energy sequentially inserted into the second circulation circuit. a catalytic reaction device that converts the sensible heat energy into sensible heat energy; a second heat exchanger that exchanges the sensible heat energy obtained by the catalytic reaction device; and forced circulation means for the first and second circulation circuits. It has the configuration of a heat collecting device.

In the solar heat collecting device of the present invention having the above configuration, the solar energy absorbing material in which a colored substance is dispersed in a photoisomer material absorbs solar energy as sensible heat energy and photoisomerization latent heat energy in the collector, The solar energy absorbing material that has absorbed energy is circulated through the first circulation circuit by a forced circulation means to undergo heat exchange in the first heat exchanger, and is stored in a storage tank and further sent to the collector again. Although the photoisomerization reaction of the entire amount of the photoisomer material is not necessarily completed in one circulation, the photoisomerization reaction progresses by repeating the circulation, and the photoisomerization reaction of the entire amount is completed. The sensible heat energy heat-exchanged in the first heat exchanger is used by storing heat in a heat storage material at a low temperature, or by heating a heat transfer medium at a low temperature and conveying it to another place.
Further, the solar energy absorbing material containing the photoisomer material that has undergone a photoisomerization reaction is stored in the storage tank.

The photoisomer material that has undergone the photoisomerization reaction that has been stored in this way is circulated through the second circulation circuit by forced circulation means as a solar energy absorbing material, and is photoisomerized by causing a reverse reaction in the catalytic reaction device. The latent heat energy is converted into sensible heat energy, then heat exchanged in a second heat exchanger, and then returned to the storage tank. Since the sensible heat energy heat exchanged in the second heat exchanger has a high temperature, it can be used to reheat the heat storage material that has stored the low temperature heat, to store the high temperature heat in another heat storage material, or to transfer it to others using a heat transfer medium. The heat transfer medium heated at a low temperature is reheated and transported to another place for use.

Since the forced circulation means provided in each of the first and second circulation circuits can function independently, it is also possible to determine the flow rate of each solar energy absorbing material so as to optimize each of the aforementioned effects. be.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a collector, and a first circulation circuit 2 of solar energy absorbing material including the collector 1 is provided. exchanger 4,
A solar energy absorbing material storage tank 5 and a first circulation pump 6 are sequentially inserted.

A second circulation circuit 7 for solar energy absorbing material is connected to the storage tank 5, and this second circulation circuit 7 includes a second circulation pump 8, a catalytic reaction device 9, and a second heat exchanger. 10 are inserted sequentially,
The second heat exchanger 10 is connected to the hot water outlet circuit 1 of the hot water storage tank 3.
1 is provided. In addition, 12 in the figure is a water supply inlet, and 13 is a hot water supply inlet.

The collector 1 is constructed as shown in FIG. 2. That is, a white plate glass 15 having a selective transmission film 14 for reflecting far infrared rays on the lower surface and an outer shell 16 form a case. A channel 19 for the solar energy absorbing material is formed by a white plate glass 17 and a stainless steel plate 18, and a heat insulating material 20, an infrared reflecting plate 21 made of an aluminum sheet, etc., and a heat insulating material 22 are arranged below this channel 19. has been done.

The solar heat absorbing material is made by dispersing a colored substance in a photoisomer material, and examples of the photoisomer material include: Norbornadiene → Quadricyclane system isomerization reaction Utilizing a cis-trans isomerization reaction Molecules Reactions that utilize the formation of endobianthracene, aromatic nucleus isomerization, 1,3-diene isomerization, and (2+2) type photocycloaddition reactions, and any of these systems can be applied. Carbon particles are used as the coloring substance.

The photoisomeric material may also contain a photoreaction sensitizer at the same time. However, since the purpose of this sensitizer is completely different from that of a coloring substance, it is necessary to distinguish between them.

Note that the following explanation will focus on norbornadiene-based photoisomer materials.

Next, the operation will be explained. When solar energy is absorbed by the solar energy absorbing material in collector 1, norbornadiene absorbs solar energy on the low wavelength side as photoisomerization latent heat energy and causes a photoisomerization reaction that converts it into quadricyclane, which converts it into carbon particles. Solar energy of all wavelengths is absorbed as sensible heat energy to raise the temperature of the solar energy absorbing material. The solar energy absorbing material that has absorbed this solar energy is circulated through the first circulation circuit 2 by operating the first circulation pump 6. The first heat exchanger then exchanges the sensible heat energy to heat the water in the hot water storage tank 3 and convert it into hot water. The solar energy absorbing material, which has been cooled by heat exchange of sensible heat energy, returns to the collector 1 via the storage tank 5 and absorbs solar energy again. It is not necessarily possible for the entire amount of norbornadiene to undergo a photoisomerization reaction in one cycle, but as the circulation is repeated, the entire amount of norbornadiene undergoes a photoisomerization reaction and is photoisomerized to quadricyclane, which generates latent heat energy of photoisomerization. The material is stored in the storage tank 5 as a solar energy absorbing material that has absorbed solar energy.

The solar energy absorbing material containing quadricyclane, which has absorbed solar energy as photoisomerization latent heat energy in norbornadiene stored in the storage tank 5, is transferred to the catalytic reaction device of the second circulation circuit 7 by the second circulation pump 8. 9. Return to the storage tank 5 via the second heat exchanger 10. In this cycle, the solar energy absorbing material containing quadricyclane that has absorbed solar energy as photoisomerization latent heat energy in norbornadiene undergoes a reverse reaction in the catalytic reaction device 9 and is returned to norbornadiene. Photoisomerization latent heat energy is converted into sensible heat energy,
The low-temperature hot water sent from the hot water storage tank 3 is heat-exchanged by the second heat exchanger 10 provided integrally on the downstream side of the catalytic reaction device 9, and is reheated and heated to produce high-temperature hot water. Hot water is supplied from the hot water supply port 13. The solar energy absorbing material flows through the first and second circulation circuits 2 and 7 at times or selectively by the first and second circulation pumps 6 and 8 to obtain hot water at a desired temperature.

In this embodiment, the catalytic reaction device 9 and the second heat exchanger 10 are integrated, but the catalytic reaction device 9 and the second heat exchanger 10 are connected by piping,
It may be configured separately. Further, the second heat exchanger 10 may be surrounded by the catalytic reaction device 9. Furthermore, although not shown, the second heat exchanger 10 may be built into the high-temperature hot water storage tank to reheat the hot water in the low-temperature hot water storage tank shown in FIG. 1 and store the hot water at a high temperature. . In addition, instead of reheating the hot water stored at a low temperature using the second heat exchanger 10, it is possible to heat another substance to be heated and store the hot water at a high temperature.
It may also be transported to another location for use.

Photoisomer materials for solar energy absorbing materials include norbornadiene derivatives such as 2cl-2cN norbornadiene instead of norbornadiene,
Diacetyl indigo and the like can be used.
Further, as the colored particles, selectively absorbing particles made of composite oxides of iron, copper, manganese, etc. can also be used instead of carbon particles.

Next, for comparison with the present invention, FIG. 3 shows an example of a solar heat collecting device obtained by removing the hot water storage tank 5 made of solar energy absorbing material from the device shown in FIG. 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention. explain. In the solar heat collecting device shown in FIG. 3, since there is no storage tank 5 for the solar energy absorbing material, the solar energy absorbing material cannot be stored, so only a small amount of the solar energy absorbing material can be filled. The amount of norbornadiene as a body material is also small, and the accumulation of photoisomerization latent heat energy is also small, so the absorption of solar energy quickly becomes saturated. Moreover, if an attempt is made to convert the photoisomerization latent heat energy into sensible heat energy by causing a reverse reaction, the flow rate of the solar energy absorbing material in the first circulation circuit 2 that absorbs solar energy will be affected. Therefore, providing the storage tank 5 as in the present invention is very effective.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are each a pair of 4a, 4b, 10a, 10b, and both 4a and 4b , 10a and 10b are connected by independent heat transfer medium pipes 23 and 24.

In this example, instead of directly exchanging heat between the photoisomer material and water, it is also possible to exchange heat indirectly through a food-safe heat transfer material such as propylene glycol. This indirect heat exchange may slightly reduce the heat exchange efficiency, but it can be solved with practical considerations, and even if the heat exchanger has a hole, the water will still be food-safe. It has the effect of preventing the contamination of low-level substances in terms of food safety.

As explained above, the present invention absorbs solar energy as sensible heat energy and photoisomerization latent heat energy using a solar energy absorbing material in which a colored substance is dispersed in a photoisomer material, so that piping connections for solar energy absorption are easy. Although it has a high temperature and low temperature structure, it uses solar energy as a heat source.
It has the effect of collecting heat from two temperature ranges. Furthermore, a storage tank for the solar energy absorbing material is provided, and through this storage tank, the photoisomer material that has absorbed solar energy as photoisomerization latent heat energy in the solar energy absorbing material is reverse-reacted and converted into sensible heat energy. Since the second circulation circuit is configured for use as a solar energy absorbing material, it has the effect of increasing the amount of solar energy absorbing material filled. Furthermore, sensible heat energy is generated by a reverse reaction between the flow rate of the solar energy absorbing material in the first circulation circuit for absorbing solar energy into the solar energy absorbing material and the photoisomerization latent heat energy of the solar energy absorbing material that has absorbed solar energy. This has the effect that the flow rate of the solar energy absorbing material in the second circulation circuit for converting into solar energy and the flow rate of the solar energy absorbing material in the second circulation circuit can be set to the optimum flow rate, respectively, independently of each other. The importance of this effect is that, for example, when hot water that has been stored at a low temperature is reheated to produce hot water at a high temperature, the amount of hot water dispensed,
Depending on the temperature of hot water stored at low temperature, the photoisomerization ratio of photoisomer materials, the temperature of hot water to be discharged at high temperature, etc.
It is necessary to adjust the flow rate of the solar energy absorbing material that has absorbed solar energy to the second circulation circuit, but this can be set freely, and this flow rate setting is the same as the one described above for solar energy absorption. Since this can be done without affecting the flow rate setting of the solar energy absorbing material in the first circulation circuit, the flow rate setting of the solar energy absorbing material in the first circulation circuit for solar energy absorption is set to be optimal; This has the effect of being able to maintain this.

In addition, since the amount of solar energy absorbing material can be increased, solar energy can be absorbed and stored as photoisomerization latent heat energy without becoming saturated, so it can be used as thermal energy when there is no sunlight or at night. It has the effect of allowing you to use it with plenty of time.

Furthermore, in the case of a configuration in which hot water is stored at a high temperature, a large amount of hot water can be drawn out even if a relatively small second heat exchanger is used.

As described above, the energy saving effect of the present invention is large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a solar heat collector according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a collector of the same device, and Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a solar heat collector for comparison with the present invention. 4 are circuit diagrams of a solar heat collector according to another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Collector, 2... First circulation circuit, 3
... hot water storage tank, 4 ... first heat exchanger, 5 ... storage tank, 6 ... first circulation pump, 7 ... second circulation circuit, 8 ... second circulation pump, 9 ... ...Catalytic reaction device, 10...Second heat exchanger.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Using a solar energy absorbing material in which a colored substance is dispersed in a photoisomer material as a heat transporting material and absorbing solar energy as sensible heat energy and photoisomerization latent heat energy, the solar energy including a collector is used. a first circulation circuit of an absorbing material, a first heat exchanger for heat exchange of sensible heat energy inserted into the first circulation circuit, and a storage tank of solar energy absorption material, connected to the storage tank. A second circulation circuit of solar energy absorbing material, a catalytic reaction device that converts the photoisomerization latent heat energy sequentially inserted into the second circulation circuit into sensible heat energy, and a sensible heat energy obtained by this catalytic reaction device. A solar heat collector comprising a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat, and forced circulation means for the first and second circulation circuits. 2. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger each consist of a pair of heat exchangers, and each pair of heat exchangers are connected by heat transfer medium piping that forms an independent flow path. A solar heat collector according to claim 1.