JPS6374894A - Crane capable of being freely put away - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stowable crane, and more particularly to a stowable crane suitable for use in water and fire.

Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the field of offshore oil well drilling and production, much effort has been devoted to the development of different forms of offshore platforms.

One common configuration includes one or more frames, called jackets, that extend from the ocean floor above the ocean surface. The deck section is supported on a jacket above sea level to carry the necessary drilling or production equipment. Each component of the platform is several hundred feet long and weighs several thousand tons. A flat barge is commonly used to transport the jacket and deck to the desired location on the platform. Such barges are large and can carry significantly more weight of these components. Two common deck surface dimensions for such type of barges are approximately 105 m (35,074-t) long and approximately 30 m (100 ft) wide;
Measuring approximately 38 m (120 ft) wide by 0 m (500 ft) wide, these barges are significantly more expensive, and their usefulness is limited by the infrequent transport of jackets and decks to the job site. Unable to make purchases, most of the time these barges are left in a completely idle state.

Cranes have been used to remove components from barges at work sites. Often these cranes are mounted on dedicated barges, ie, barges configured exclusively to carry the crane. These cranes have a rotating base that allows the boom to project above the water surface for lifting and then rotate back along the length of the barge for storage after the lift is complete. Often prepared. Such a crane is
Because they extend so high, they are subject to significant restrictions on passing under trees and other obstacles. Therefore, conventional cranes often cannot be towed into ports or navigable rivers where floating cranes can be effectively used to lift various loads. These cranes also have significant limitations in their oceangoing capabilities. Such a crane has a large surface that receives wind, and has a high center of gravity, which reduces wave resistance.

Therefore, while reducing the cost associated with the prior art,
There is a need to develop a crane capable of locating the jacket and deck portion of an offshore platform.

(Means for Solving the Problems) According to the - aspect of the present invention, an improved crane is provided that can solve the above problems.

A crane has a base and a mast. Staved position of the mast (staved po -5ition)
and lifting position jδ
A structure is provided for rotatably attaching one end of the mast to the base so that it can be moved between. One end of the boom is attached to a boom seat assembly. The boom seat assembly is slidable along the base between a stowed position and a lifted position. Pack leg tension 1 supporting member (baCkle)
g tension bearing me+ober)
extends between the base and the mast.

A second tension carrying member extends between the mast and the boom. Structure is provided for moving the boom seat assembly from a stowed position to a lifted position, with movement of the boom tensioning the second tensicon carrying member and pivoting the mast to the lifted position.

According to another aspect of the invention, the back leg tension bearing member includes a plurality of telescopic hole elements.
ng ele+5ent),
The tension leg shortens from the stowed position to the hoisted position (n) as the mast rotates from the stowed position to the hoisted position (telescope), and is provided with a structure that limits the range of its telescoping motion. ing.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the drawings, and in particular to FIGS. 1.4 and 5, there is shown a crane 10 that is a significant improvement over prior art cranes. Although the crane 10 is adapted to be mounted on a barge 12, the barge is not specifically designed for use with the crane 10, and in fact the crane 10 can be removed relatively quickly, perhaps within a day or two. The barge may be used to support a jacket, deck, or other suitable load. Additionally, the crane 10 may be lowered to a stowed configuration, as shown in FIG. As a result, the overall height of the crane and barge can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, in the stowed state, the center of gravity of the crane can be significantly lowered, and
Compared to a non-stowable crane of the same volume, the crane IO and barge 12 will be able to withstand significant weather conditions.

Referring now to FIG. 1, the illustrated barge 12 has an upper flat deck 14 having two parallel beams 16 extending longitudinally of the barge and spaced apart on either side of the barge's centerline of symmetry. It is equipped with The crane 10 is provided with two beams 18 spaced apart such that they slide relative to the beams 18 and rest on the beams 16. Structures (not shown) may be used to rigidly connect beam 18 to beam 1B. For loading and unloading the crane from the barge, the beam 18 forms a skid base by which the crane can be slid off the barge via either end and the barge removed for other uses. can be released for.

Crane 10 includes several main elements, including a base 20 partially defined by beam 18 . That is, the boom 22 is assembled into a boom seat assembly (boom seat assembly) consisting of a pair of slidable boom seats 24 and 25.
+*5eat asse+mbly) 23 so that each boom seat can slide along the top of one of the beams 18. A mast 28 is rotatably mounted on the base 20 and is adapted to be rotated between a stowed position shown in FIG. 5 and a raised position shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.

A pack leg assembly 28 is pivotally mounted between the aft end of the base and the top of the mast 26. Pack leg assembly 28 includes a pair of pup back legs 30 that can extend and retract between a stowed position, as shown in FIG. 5, and an extended, lifted position, as shown in FIG. .

The back legs 30 support the mass when in the stowed position, eliminating the need for a separate mast mount. When in the extended, lifted position, the back legs 30 carry the necessary tension to support the mast, boom, and load.

As shown in FIG. 1, the boom seat assembly 23 includes:
It is locked in the lifted position at the forward end of the crane. The mast is pivoted to a lifted position and held in this position by the weight of the boom and load being hoisted. The pack leg assembly 28 is fully extended and supports the boom, mast and load from the base. In the lifted state, the main lift block (main 1iftiB
boom 22 from the position shown in solid lines, where block) 32 is spaced from the perimeter of the barge, to the position shown in phantom lines.
can be rotated.

To stow the crane, the boom seat assembly 23 is released from the lifted position and slid along the length of the beam toward the rear of the base, as shown in FIG. In Figures 2 and 3, the mast 26 is positioned such that a portion of the boom can move between the elements of the mast until the boom seat assembly is located near the rear of the base. The mast 26 is then primarily pivoted to a stowed condition, as shown in FIG. 5, and the pack leg assembly 28 is linearly moved to its minimum length to support the mast 26.

The crane constructed in accordance with the present invention has a frog capacity of 5000 tons and is provided with a main lifting block having a shock load factor of 1 oz.The entire crane is equipped with a minimum lifting height of 80 m (80 m) in the lifted condition. It can be reduced from about 200 feet (about 200 feet) to about 30 lotus (about 80 feet) when stowed. The length of the pack leg assembly is approximately 81 m (approx. 270 m) when extended.
Approximately 3 hours (approximately 10
0 feet). In the lifted state, the mast is positioned at an angle of approximately 70° to the horizontal;
When stored, it is at an angle of approximately 200 degrees with respect to the horizontal. The boom is approximately 60° to the horizontal when lifted.
The angle can vary from approximately 8° to the horizontal in the stowed state. A main fall line is connected from the rotation axis in the boom seat assembly 23.
) is approximately 81+a' (approximately 270 feet). The horizontal distance is approximately 103+w (approximately 343 feet). The boom seat assembly 23 and boom can slide a distance of approximately 243 feet along the base to a loading position. In the lifted condition, the crane is considered to have 16 rolls (1' roll) in 10 seconds for its full lifting capacity; in the stowed condition, the crane is assumed to have 1' rolls in 10 seconds. can ride.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the mast 26 includes various cross members 36.
The main support member 34 is illustrated as having two vertically extending main support members 34 interconnected by. This configuration provides a large area for passage of parts of the boom and allows the boom to be moved to a stowed position. Each main support member 34 includes a beam 18
a fixed pivot mount 40 of the base 20 spaced outwardly from the base 20;
is rotated to

Referring to Figures 6 and 7 in conjunction with Figures 1.4 and 5, the operating mechanism of the crane is illustrated. That is,
Main block cables 50 are attached to the base 2o in pairs laterally such that the main block winches 42, 44, 46 and 48 raise and lower the main block 32. No guide pulley (g
5heave) and the boom guide pulley to the main block 32. The cable 50 is threaded through the block halves and led to the main block winch 44 through another boom guide pulley and a mast guide pulley. The second block winch 52 is similarly guided from the main block winch 46 via the mast and boom to the other side of the block and from there to the main block winch 48.
has been returned to.

One auxiliary block winch 54 receives an auxiliary block cable 56 to operate an auxiliary block 58 mounted along boom 22. The auxiliary pronk cable 56 is also routed through the mast and boom guide pulleys.

A pair of boom winches 60 and 62 are provided for rotating the boom. A boom cable B4 connects the winch 80 to the mast displacement pulley.
the outer hanger tackle attached to the boom 22 (changer tackle)
It is stretched to extend up to 8B. cable 84
is then threaded between an outer hanger tackle 88 and an inner hanger tackle 68 attached to the mast.

The cable is finally returned from the outer hanger tackle 6B to the boom winch S2 via the second mast displacement pulley.

Each winch can be driven by a conventional drive mechanism such as a diesel engine.

Sufficient braking structure is provided to provide braking of the winch. Furthermore, because of the large amount of energy involved in large lifting cranes, a friction-dissipating mechanism can be provided to reduce the load on the brakes when the cable is paid out.

7.11 and 12, the base 20
A mechanism for sliding boom seat assembly 23 along is shown. Each boom seat 24 and 25 is connected to each boom seat by a linear winch 70 mounted to the respective beam 18 for sliding movement along the respective beam 18 as detailed below.
in combination with boom seats 24 and 25 to move the boom seats along their respective beams. 1st
Figure 1 shows a conventional linear winch in which the first linear winch cable 72 is a dead end secured to the boom seat 24 at one end, and the skid base pulley assembly 74 secured to the forward end of the base 20 and the boom. Boom seat pulley assembly 78 attached to seat 24
It is passed between. The cable is directed from the boom seat pulley assembly around skid base horizontal pulley 78 to linear winch 70 . The cable is further routed to a storage reel via winch 70.
l) Guided to 80 and wound up.

The operation of the linear winch 70 will be explained based on FIG. 12. The winch 70 includes a pair of jaws 82 and a pair of jaws 84. A cable, such as cable 72, is threaded through the linear winch 70 through each pair of jaws. The winch 7o is equipped with a hydraulic mechanism that can move each pair of jaws along the frame of the winch 70 in the direction in which the cable extends.
In operation, a pair of jaws grips a cable, and the jaws are then moved along the winch to unwind or retract the cable, as desired. Near the end of the travel of the gripping pair of jaws, One pair of jaws is used to grip the cable and release the cable from the first pair of jaws, so that the first pair of jaws can regrasp the cable and pay out or retrieve the cable. It is returned to its original position to perform further operations. The storage reel 80 requires only enough power to wind the untensioned cable or pay out the untensioned cable. Such linear winch 70
By using a winch, cable wear is significantly reduced and the cable has a much longer lifespan than if the cable were simply taken in or out under tension from a traditional winch. .

Boom seat 25 is similarly threaded through another linear winch 70, as shown in FIG. These linear winches, when actuated simultaneously, move the boom seat assembly 23 from the stowed condition shown in FIG.
It can be pulled into the suspended position as shown in the figure. The weight of the boom causes the boom seat assembly 23 to move to the stowage position as the cable 72 is paid out from the storage reel via the linear winch 70.

Referring now to FIGS. 8 and 9, boom seats 24 and 25 are shown in detail. However, boom seats 24 are substantially identical in all functional respects. The boom seat 25 is provided with a clevis 8B attached to a base 88. Clevis 86 is attached to one leg of the boom.
) to the boom seat in a rotatable manner. Parallel rails 92 are bolted to the base on either side of the base 88. Each rail 92 has a notch 94 that receives the top of the beam 18 to guide the boom seat along the beam 18. A plurality of adjustment bolts 96 are threaded upward into the rail into abutting vertical faces of the beam 18 to allow movement of the boom seat along the length of the beam.

The adjustable port 86 is secured at the desired adjustment position by a nut 98 and lock washer 100. A series of ports 102 are threaded from the bottom of the rail into notches 34.
By effectively adjusting the height of the boom seat, tipping of the boom seat is prevented.

A spud pin assembly 104 is attached to the boom seat 25 and engages the spud pin 108 and the spud pin 10B with the beam 18 in the stowed and lifted condition to position each boom seat relative to the base 20. Equipped with a secure mounting mechanism. When the boom seat is moved between both conditions, the spud pin is raised so that it can slide along the top of the beam 18.

Referring now to FIG. 10 and IOA, each pack leg 30 is shown in detail, each pack leg 30 having four pup tubes 10B, 110, 112 of increasing diameter; Consists of 114. The bottom protrusion 11B is connected to the base 2 at the rear of the base 20.
0, and is fixed to the lower end of the tube 108. The inner reinforcing ring 118 is attached to the tube 10
A plurality of friction reducing members 120 are formed on the outer surface.
The member 120, which attaches the tube 108 and provides a low friction engagement between the upper end of the tube 108 and the inner surface of the next larger tube 110, is formed from a block of nylon material bearing the trademark NYLATROM. A series of stop blocks 122, as shown in FIG.
is attached to the inner surface of tube 110 and abuts against ring 118 to limit shortening of back leg 30 in the stowed condition as shown in FIG. When extended outwardly to the lifted position, tube 110 slides relative to tube 108 until outer annular stop ring 124 of tube 108 engages inner annular stop ring 126 of tube 110.

Each of the smaller diameter tubes 108, 110 and 112 is provided with an internal reinforcing ring 118 with a friction reducing member 120, and the next largest diameter tubes 110, 112 and 114, respectively. In cooperation with the stop block 122, the minimum length of the back leg 30 is established so that the back leg functions as a rest for the mast 26. Internal reinforcing ring with friction reducing member 120 118 are arranged.Three tubes 110, 1 with larger diameters
12 and 114 are each provided with an external reinforcing ring 128 at the lower end proximate to the bottom protrusion 116, and the ring 128 is friction-fitted so as to come into pressure contact with the outer surface of the next smaller diameter tube as the given tube expands and contracts. A reduction member 120 is attached. three tubes 108 with smaller diameters,
110 and 112 have external annular stop rings 124 and the three larger diameter tubes 110
, 112 and +14 are internal annular stop rings 126
By having this, the total extension length of the back leg 30 is limited. The top protrusion 130 is attached to the upper end of the largest diameter tube 114 so as to be rotatable near the top of the mast 26 .

(English Song) As described above, the improved crane of the present invention has significant advantages over prior art cranes. That is, since the crane of the present invention can easily change shape from a lifting state in which a significantly large load is lifted to a stowing state, the height dimension of the crane can be minimized and the seaworthiness of the crane can be improved. According to the present invention, the boom can be stowed away along the longitudinal direction of the base 20, so that stability in the stowed state can be maximized. Tower 1 installed near the front of the base
32 can pivot inwardly so that the front weight of the boom can be supported near the main block. Furthermore, the present invention uses a pack leg assembly 28 so that the rear of the crane base and the mast 2
8 to support the assembly, and the mast is supported in a stowed state, eliminating the need for a separate mast cradle. Furthermore, with the present invention, the boom is retractable so that the crane can substantially retract the boom within the confines of the base of the crane, thereby eliminating the need for complex and expensive rotating installations on the structure and rotating base. One of the advantages found in rotating base cranes can be achieved without the need for a dedicated support structure, such as a barge, specifically adapted to house the crane.

Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be obvious that various modifications and changes can be made thereto without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention other than those described in the claims are listed.

(1) are arranged at a first distance apart and the first
i
;fit? In a tension carrying member that carries tension between L materials, a first tube having a first predetermined system and a second predetermined diameter smaller than the first diameter, the first tube having a second predetermined diameter smaller than the first diameter. a second tube extending into the first tube, the first tube extending into the first tube through which the second tube extends;
an external reinforcing ring at the end of the second tube within the first tube; and an internal reinforcing ring at the end of the second tube within the first tube; at least one stop attached and extending radially inwardly from the inner surface of the first tube so as to contact the internal reinforcing ring of the second tube to limit movement of the second tube into the first tube; a block, the first tube having a tubular stop ring extending radially from an inner surface, and the second tube having a tubular stop ring extending from an outer surface;
The ring restricts outward movement of the second tube from the first tube when the first and second members are spaced a first distance apart from the first and second members. A tension-carrying member characterized in that it carries one tension between.

(2) The tension-carrying member according to item 1, further comprising a friction-reducing material disposed between reinforcing rings of the tube.

(3) The tension carrying member according to item 1, wherein the friction reducing material is nylon.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a side view of a crane according to a first embodiment of the invention in a lifted condition, FIG. 2 is a front view of the crane showing the mast and boom assembly, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the crane showing the mast and back leg assembly. Figure 4 is a side view of the crane showing the boom in the stowed position and the mast in the lifted position, Figure 5 is a side view of the crane in the stowed position, and Figure 6 is the base of the crane. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the front of the base, Fig. 8 is a side view of the boom seat, Fig. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing how the boom seat is attached to the base, Fig. 10 is a nesting type FIG. 10A is a partial cross-sectional view of the external reinforcing ring of the telescoping element; FIG. 11 is a linkage diagram of the linear winch used to move the boom; FIG.
FIG. 2 is a partially sectional plan view of the linear winch showing the elements of the linear winch. 10... Φ Crane, 12 Φ Fighting Barge, 14 Order/Rei Detsuki, 18... Φ Beam, 18 Φ Φ Medium Beam, 20...
Book base, 22 @ custom boom, 23e... boom seat assembly, 24, 25, book number boom seat, 26
**φ Mast, 2B---Pack leg assembly, 3
0...Bank Renge, 34 fists-・Main support member, 3B・
・Φ Crossing member, 40... Rotating mount, 42.44.
46.48 Temple...Lord Brockwinch, 50.52
Φ...Block cable, 54 tatami lifeΦ? lli[LIJ
Block winch, 56th building auxiliary block cable,
58 auxiliary block, 60, 82... e-boom winch, 84 Φ boom seatl, 88.88
・Hanger tackle, 70φ shaft, linear winch,
72... Linear winch cable, 74.78...
Fist pulley assembly, 78---Pulley, 80・Φ・Storage reel, 82.84---・Joe, 8B---Tarehis. 88 fist/fight base, 90... φ bottle, 92... fight Φ rail, 94...notsuchi, 98/rei/adjustment bolt, 88...
・Fist), +00 ... Lock washer, 102-
・Self-bolt, 104 Φ・・Spud pin assembly, 1OEi-・No. spud pin, 108, 110,
112,114 ・War/Puppy tube, 118 Φ
・Protrusion, 118 Φ・1 internal reinforcement ring, 120-・
Friction reducing member, 122 ΦΦ stop block 1
24,128 Φ...stop ring, 128 ・order・
External reinforcing ring, 130...Protrusion FIG, 2 FIG, 3

Claims (13)

[Claims] (1) a base, a mast, means for rotatably attaching one end of the mast to the base so that the mast can be moved between a stowed position and a lifted position, a boom, and one end of the boom mounted to the base; a boom seat assembly that is installed and slides along the base between a stowed position and a lifted position; a back leg tension carrying member that extends between the base and the mast; and a second boom seat assembly that extends between the mast and the boom. a tension-bearing member; and means for moving the boom seat assembly to a lifted position, wherein movement of the boom applies tension to the second tension-bearing member to rotate the mast to the lifted position. A crane that can be stored freely. (2) the base has a forward end and an aft end, the back leg tension carrying means is pivoted to near the aft end of the base, the mast is pivoted between the ends of the base, and the boom seat assembly is in a lifted position; Claims characterized in that the boom is mounted to rotate about an axis located near the front end of the base and located between the back leg tension carrying member and the mast in the stowed position. The crane that can be stowed away as described in paragraph 1. (3) The stowable crane according to claim 2, wherein the mast defines a passage through which the boom can move through the mast to a stowage position. (4) the back leg tension carrying member includes at least one tension leg having a plurality of telescoping elements, the tension leg extending from the stowed position to the hoisted position as the mast pivots from the stowed position to the hoisted position; 2. The retractable mast according to claim 1, wherein the tension leg has means for restricting telescopic movement in each position, and the tension leg serves as a cradle for the mast in the retracted position. crane. 5. The storage of claim 1, wherein the base has parallel beams, and the boom seat assembly comprises a boom seat slidably attached to each of the beams. A fully retractable crane. (6) A stowable crane according to claim 1, further comprising means for securing the boom seat assembly in a stowed position and a lifted position. (7) The mast is inclined relative to the vertical position in the lifted position so that its own weight can facilitate rotation of the mast to the stowed position. A crane that can be stowed away as described in item 1. (8) The boom seat assembly is rotatably attached to the one end of the boom so that the boom seat assembly can be rotated in the lifted position. crane. (9) a base having a lifting end and a rear end, a mast, and a base with one end of the mast intermediate between said ends so that the mast can rotate between a stowed position and a lifted position; a boom for supporting the main block so as to lift a load; and a boom for attaching one end of the boom to the base, and a means for attaching the mast to the base for storage between the rear end of the base. a boom seat assembly that slides along the base between a lifting position and a lifting position near a lifting end of the base; and a back leg tension carrying means extending between an aft end of the base and an opposite end of the mast; at least one tension-carrying cable threaded between the opposite end of the mast and the boom, and means for moving the boom seat assembly from a stowed position to a lifted position, the tension-carrying cable being carried by movement of the boom. A crane that can be freely stowed is characterized in that the mast is rotated from a stowed position to a lifted position by applying tension to a cable, and the overall height of the crane is smaller in the stowed position compared to the lifted position. (10) The weight of the boom in the hoisted position holds the mast in the hoisted position and tensions the back leg tension carrying member so that the tension cable can be brought in and out to rotate the boom about the boom seat assembly. A crane that can be freely stowed away according to claim 9, characterized in that the crane is capable of being put away. (11) The crane that can be stowed away as set forth in claim 9, further comprising a structure that supports the boom in the stowed position near the lifting end of the base. 12. A stowable crane as set forth in claim 9, wherein said boom seat assembly includes means for rigidly securing the assembly in a stowed position and a lifted position. (13) the back leg tension bearing member comprises at least one tension leg having a plurality of telescoping tubular members, the length of the tension leg varying from a shortened stowage length to an extended lifting length;
10. A retractable crane according to claim 9, wherein said tension leg is provided with means for limiting telescoping movement between a stowage length and a lifting length.