JPS6385166A - Production of ultrafine fiber knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a method for producing an ultra-fine mmti knitted fabric.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, methods for producing dense woven and knitted fabrics with low air permeability using ultrafine fibers have been known. For example, JP-A-56-63
There is a method using a sea-island type composite fiber as shown in Japanese Patent No. 071. However, in this case, the total cross-sectional area of the fibers decreases due to the sea removal treatment, so it is not necessarily possible to obtain a fabric with a sufficiently high density.

On the other hand, a method for producing a high-density knitted fabric using splittable conjugate fibers is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 154546/1983. In this method, high concentration benzyl alcohol is used as a fibrillating agent (splitting agent) and steam treatment is performed at a temperature of 65 to 100°C. However, this treatment method has the drawback that fibrillation (splitting) is not sufficiently performed. In addition, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 58-186663, splittable composite fibers are treated with phenylphenols at 0.1 to 5 fA.
A method is disclosed in which the fabric is treated with a m% aqueous emulsion at a temperature below 40°C, after which the fabric is scoured and dyed and then calendered with pressure heated rolls.

However, this method and the above-mentioned JP-A-56-15
According to the method disclosed in No. 4546, tfA
As a wA product, it had the disadvantage of causing streaks when dyed later. In particular, woven fabrics in which a plurality of splittable conjugate fibers are alternately used as weft yarns have a problem in that tufting occurs, which significantly limits the use of such woven fabrics.

(Object of the invention) The object of the invention is to use splittable conjugate fibers to
An object of the present invention is to propose a method for manufacturing an i-knitted fabric without streaks or density unevenness when manufacturing the i-knitted fabric.

(Structure of the Invention) The present invention involves dividing a conjugate fiber obtained by spinning polyester and polyamide into a laminate, so that the single fiber fineness of the divided ultrafine fibers is in the range of 0.001 to 0.8 denier. A method for producing an ultrafine fiber woven or knitted fabric, which comprises weaving and knitting a splittable conjugate fiber, and treating the woven or knitted fabric with an alkaline aqueous solution before dyeing the woven or knitted fabric.

The single yarn fineness used in the present invention is 0.001 to 0.
．． Any known split conjugate fiber that generates 8 denier ultrafine fibers can be used. Examples of these include the one disclosed in JP-A-51-70366, in which at least four constituent parts made of polyester and constituent parts made of polyamide are arranged adjacent to each other in an annular manner, and in which fibers are Hollow split-type conjugate fibers that extend in the longitudinal direction and constitute a tubular body as a whole, as well as U.S. Pat.
There is a split type composite fiber disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 578. If the single yarn fineness after splitting is less than o or ooi, the mechanical performance such as m-thread strength is not practical, and if the single yarn fineness after splitting exceeds 0.8, the air permeability will be too high. Ki (Nari,
It is unsuitable for woven or knitted fabrics using polar a fibers as in the present invention.

1 to 11 are cross-sectional views showing examples of cross sections (cross sections) perpendicular to the fiber axis of splittable composite fibers used in the present invention, and FIG. Fig. 2 shows a composite fiber with a side-by-side repeating type, and Figs. A first composite fiber comprising a component whose cross section has a radial shape and another component whose cross section has a shape that complements the radial section.
Figures 0 to 11 show a component whose cross section has a radial shape and a V-shaped component that complements the radial section and has a V-shaped recess facing toward the center. 2A and 2B each show a composite m-thread consisting of the same component as a component having a radial shape and a component having a radial shape.

In FIGS. 1 to 11, A and B represent polyamides and polyesters, and C in FIGS. 10 to 11 represents the third component, such as polyester made of a component different from the sun component.

In the present invention, first, a woven or knitted fabric is created using a plurality of split-type composite fibers as described above, but in order to create a high-density 11-knitted fabric, a plain weave is preferable as the woven fabric, and the cover factor of the warp and weft is The sum of 1400-340
0, preferably in the range of 1,600 to 2,500, and knitted fabrics include:
Examples include warp knitted fabrics, weft knitted fabrics, and circular knitted fabrics, and the stitch density is 1500 to 4000 per square inch, preferably 2.
A high density of 000 to 3500 is preferable.

In the present invention, the woven or knitted fabric obtained as described above is treated with an alkaline aqueous solution prior to usual scouring and dyeing.

The concentration of alkali can be appropriately selected from 0.3 to 5 wt% and the treatment temperature from air temperature to boiling point, but preferably the conditions are set so that the weight loss rate of the woven or knitted material is 0.1 to 5%. .

If the m-reduction rate is less than 0.1%, it is not preferable because the stripes, which are thought to be caused by variations in the composite fiber filaments, are not sufficiently eliminated. It is possible to treat the film so that the molar reduction rate is 5% or more, but this is too much for eliminating streaks and is uneconomical.

Furthermore, the alkali treatment can be carried out at a temperature of 10° C. or higher so that shrinkage occurs simultaneously with the alkali treatment.

As an example, in 1% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, bath cost 1:
30. Process at a temperature of 100°C for 30 minutes.

At this time, stirring or mechanical stress may be applied to the knitted fabric 11 in order to process the yarn more smoothly.

The woven or knitted fabric treated with an alkaline aqueous solution can also be subjected to a separate shrinkage treatment. The shrinkage method can be carried out by any thermal means, and the shrinkage rate is 4% in fabric area compared to before alkali treatment.
It is preferable to shrink it by 0% or more.

In the present invention, before treatment with this alkaline aqueous solution,
Alternatively, it is of course possible to divide the composite fibers into ultrafine fibers by subsequently treating them with a swelling agent, but the most suitable example is to treat them with an alkaline aqueous solution after the treatment with a swelling agent. Examples of the swelling agent include a benzyl alcohol aqueous solution and a 0.1 to 5 wt % aqueous emulsion of phenylphenols.

Specific examples of phenylphenols include O-phenylphenol, m-phenylphenol, and p-phenylphenol, which are treated with a 0.1 swt% aqueous emulsion at a temperature of 40°C or lower, preferably 0.1 swt%.
The woven or knitted fabric is treated at a concentration of 2-3.0% by weight and at a temperature of 10-35°C.

Phenylphenols are generally known to have a shrinking effect on polyester fibers and polyamide m-fibers, but within the above concentration and temperature range, polyester shrinks very little, but nylon shrinks very much. Under such conditions, when split composite ULI fibers made of polyester and polyamide are processed, distortion occurs between the image components due to differences in shrinkage rates, and mechanical or thermal effects in the subsequent scouring and dyeing processes cause distortion. It becomes susceptible to splitting and contraction.

Examples of the treatment method include a method in which the woven or knitted fabric is immersed in a liquid containing a swelling agent at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time, or a method in which the woven or knitted fabric is impregnated with a liquid and treated at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time.

In the former case, it is preferable to use a liquid that is 5 times or more the weight of the aSS type, and in the latter case, it is preferable to impregnate the fabric with a liquid that is 70% or more based on the weight of the woven or knitted fabric. A suitable treatment time is 1 to 60 minutes.

In the method of the present invention, the material is then refined and dyed according to conventional methods. The splittable composite m-fiber that has gone through this process is a single fiber made of polyester or polyamide with a fineness of o or oo after the splitting is completed.
Ultra-111II fibers having a denier of i to 0.8 are generated, and a woven or knitted fabric made of ultra-fine fibers is obtained.

The method of the present invention uses a conventionally known swelling agent treatment method when producing a high-density vA woven or knitted fabric using split-type conjugate fibers that generate ultra-fine coarseness. The problem is that the streaks could not be eliminated, and by treating the woven or knitted fabric with an alkaline aqueous solution prior to dyeing, the streaks were significantly improved. The range of applications has expanded greatly, as it has become possible to

Also, according to the method of the present invention, very high density! 1 knitted fabric is obtained, and the 11 knitted fabric has 0
．． It can be made into a woven or knitted fabric with low air permeability of 5 cc/d/sec or less, and has a soft and excellent texture.

(Example 1) (1) Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 (measured at 35°C in orthochlorophenol) and an intrinsic viscosity of 1.30 (in metacresol) according to the method disclosed in JP-A-51-70366. , measured at 35°C)
Using poly-ε-caproamide, 16 polyester component parts and polyamide component parts as shown in FIG. A hollow composite fiber was produced. That is, in FIG. 1, A is a polyamide (poly-epsilon-caproamide) constituent part, B is a polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) constituent part, and the center is a hollow part.

The obtained hollow composite IIN has a weight ratio of 1:1 between all polyamide components and all polyester components, and the denier of each component is 0.23 denier, and the denier of one hollow composite fiber is: It was 3.7 denier.

Further, the hollowness ratio of the hollow portion was 8%.

The hollow composite fiber multifilament (1
48 denier/40 filament, no r! 5), and the warp is a normal polyethylene terephthalate multifilament (75 denier/72 filament, twist number 300 T/M), and the fabric density is light 10.
A plain woven fabric with 5 threads/1 nch and a weft of 73 threads/1 nch was created.

(2) Processing of $fi product The fabric obtained as described above was immersed in a 1% aqueous solution of NaOH at a temperature of 100° C. for 20 minutes (bath ratio 1:30).

After that, the fabric was mixed with 0.5% soda ash and Score Roll 400 (
Temperature: 90% in a scouring bath containing 19% of Kao Atlas KK)
Scouring for 20 minutes at °C. The fabric was heat set at a temperature of 170°C for 30 seconds and then coated with Duranol Blue G (C,
I, No. 63305.

4% of 1, C, 1, trademark name of disperse dye manufactured by Co., Ltd., and 0 of acetic acid.
．． When the fabric was dyed for 60 minutes at a temperature of 130° C. in an aqueous dye bath containing 2 d/u and 197 fL of a dispersant containing a condensation product of naphthalene sulfonic acid and formamide as a main component, a fabric with no streaks was obtained. The fabric is then soaped with an aqueous solution of a non-ionic detergent at a temperature of 80°C for 20 minutes.
Then, it was dried at a temperature of 120° C. for 3 minutes.

Thereafter, the fabric was rolled at a temperature of 170°C using a hot roll to 20 to 9
Calendering was carried out under a pressure of /cd. The density of the fabric thus obtained was 150 warps/1 inch.

The latitude is 90 lines/1nCh, and the air permeability is 0.200C/c.
li sec (the breathability of normal taffeta is 2 to 1
(about 0cc/ad-sec).

(3) Prior to calendering the fabric, the fabric was treated with 11 water repellents using Asahi Guard AG-730 (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., a fluorine-based water and oil repellent).
% solution, squeezed to 100% pick-up, dried at a temperature of 120°C for 1 minute, and dried at a temperature of 160°C. Heat set for 30 seconds at 30°C.

Thereafter, calendering was performed in the same manner as in (2) above.The fabric thus obtained had an air permeability of 0.20cc/cd・sec.
The water repellency was 100 points.

(Comparative example) Instead of treating the fabric obtained in (1) of Example 1 with an alkaline aqueous solution, it was treated with a 1% emulsion of Tetrosin 0E-N (manufactured by Yamakawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., containing 36% 0-phenylphenol) at a temperature of ff3.
It was immersed for 30 minutes at 0°C (bath ratio 1:30).

Thereafter, when it was scoured and dyed under the same conditions as in Example 1, periodic streaks appeared in the weft direction, and the streaks were not eliminated even after calendering.

(Example 2) The fabric obtained in (1) of Example 1 was immersed in a 1% NaOH aqueous solution at a temperature of 100°C for 20 minutes (bath ratio 1:30), washed with water, and then tetrocin 0E-N (Yamakawa It was immersed in a 1% emulsion of 36% 0-phenylphenol (manufactured by Yakuhin Co., Ltd.) at a temperature of 30° C. for 30 minutes (bath ratio 1:30>).

Other than that, it was scoured, dyed, and calendered in the same manner as in Example 1, with no streaks, 153 vertical lines/1 nch, and 93 horizontal lines.
Air permeability is 0.19cc/l with fabric lightning strength of book/1nch
: A d-3eC fabric was obtained.

In addition, the air permeability is JIS 1096-1979. Water repellency was measured according to the method of JIS1096-1979.

(Effects of the Invention) The woven or knitted fabric obtained by the present invention has significantly improved streaks by treatment with an alkali as described above, and can be used in applications that could not be used conventionally due to streaks, such as warp use. Its uses have expanded as it has become possible to

For example, the 111 knitted fabric obtained according to the present invention is calendered using a pressure heated roll. In this case, the temperature of the heat roll is 13
Preferably, the temperature is 0 to 180°C and the pressure is 10 to 80 Kg/cd. In the case of calendering, the appropriate cloth speed is about 5 to 20 m/min. Through such processing, the composite fibers are sufficiently split and exfoliated, the mFA material shrinks, and its surface is smoothed, resulting in a high density surface of the woven or knitted material.

Such a smooth-surfaced, high-density woven or knitted fabric has noticeable streaks, but the method of the present invention makes it possible to do so.

Furthermore, the woven or knitted fabric obtained by the present invention may be subjected to water-repellent treatment using a water-repellent agent before or after calendering.

Examples of the water repellent include fluorine-based water repellents such as perfluoroalkyl acrylate and silicone-based water repellents, with fluorine-based water repellents being particularly preferred. The appropriate amount to be applied is about 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the weight of the woven or knitted fabric.

Furthermore, polyacrylate,
Polymethacrylate, polyuthalene, natural or synthetic rubber latex, vinyl chloride.

A resin such as vinyl acetate may also be applied. These resins are usually applied with a gravure roll to give about 5 to 1009/Td. Alternatively, waterproofness may be imparted to the am article by a method of bonding a porous fibrillated Teflon membrane, a porous polyethylene membrane, or the like to the am article by adhesion or the like.

In this way, products that have undergone water-repellent or waterproof finishing have the characteristic of having both water-repellent and waterproof properties with excellent durability. Therefore, the 1lrA products of the present invention include outer clothing such as windbreaker coats, sports pants, quilted winter clothing, and down jackets, as well as umbrella fabrics, tent fabrics, and bags.

Can also be used for various covers.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 11 are cross-sectional views showing examples of cross sections (cross sections) orthogonal to the lIN axis of the splittable conjugate fibers used in the present invention. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A composite fiber obtained by spinning polyester and polyamide into a laminate is divided, and the single fiber fineness of the divided ultrafine fibers is in the range of 0.001 to 0.8 denier. 1. A method for producing an ultrafine fiber woven or knitted fabric, which comprises weaving and knitting a splittable conjugate fiber, and treating the woven or knitted fabric with an aqueous alkaline solution before dyeing the woven or knitted fabric. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is treated with an alkaline aqueous solution so that the weight loss rate is 0.1 to 5%.