KR102403165B1 - 만능성 줄기 세포의 장의 중장 내배엽 세포로의 분화 - Google Patents
만능성 줄기 세포의 장의 중장 내배엽 세포로의 분화 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 2a 내지 도 2d는 골 형성 단백질-4 (BMP4)를 이용하는 분화 방법이 전사체 및 단백질 수준에서 CDX2 및 FOXA2 둘 모두를 포함하는 장의 중장 내배엽 세포들을 단층으로 생성함을 보여준다. 도 2a (하단)는 CDX2 및 FOXA2 단백질 둘 모두에 대해 90.0±5.85%의 S3D5 세포가 공존하였음을 보여주는데, 이는 Caco-2 세포에서 관찰된 백분율 (86.0±6.67)과 유사하다. 대조적으로, 완성 내배엽 (DE ― S1D3) 세포에는 CDX2 및 FOXA2 공존이 없었다 (2.3±1.2). 유전자 발현 분석은 3기 동안 CDX2가 유도되었고 (도 2b), FOXA2가 유지되었음 (도 2c)을 보여준다. 도 2d는 FOXA2-양성 원시 장 내배엽 단계, S2D2 (도 2d-i)의 확립 후에 CDX2 단백질 수준 및 CDX2/FOXA2 단백질 공존이 유도되었고, S3D2 (도 2d-ii)까지 점진적으로 증가하였으며, S3D5 (도 2d-iii)에서 Caco-2 세포 (도 2d-iv)에서 보여지는 바와 유사한 수준에 도달하였음을 보여준다. CDX2 단백질은 하단 행에 도시되어 있고, FOXA2 단백질은 상단 행에 도시되어 있다. 정량적 분석을 가능하게 하도록 동일한 파라미터를 사용하여 각각의 이미지를 촬영하였다. 단백질 발현은 FACS에 의해 평가하였으며; 유전자 발현은 qPCR에 의해 평가하였다.
도 3a 내지 도 3q는 확실한 장의 중장 내배엽 유도를 구성하는 추가의 전사 인자 (TF)의 전사체 및 단백질 수준의 S3D5에 의한 유도를 보여주며; 적절한 장의 중장 내배엽이 달성되었다. CDX2 및 FOXA2 동시발현에 더하여, S3D5 세포는 또한 SOX9, PDX1, KLF5, HOXC5 (호메오박스 C5)의 동시발현을 나타내었지만, SOX2 (SRY-박스 2), ALB (알부민), PTF1A (췌장 특이적 전사 인자, 1a), 및 LGR5 (류신 풍부 반복 함유 G 단백질 결합된 수용체 5)의 동시발현은 나타내지 않았다. 모든 TF의 단백질 존재는 별개의 단일 채널 이미지로 도시되어 있다. 도 3a (하단)는 S3D5에서 CDX2 및 SOX9 둘 모두에 대해 98.7±0.25%의 세포가 공존하였음을 보여준다. SOX9 유전자 발현의 강한 유도는 Caco-2 세포에서 관찰된 수준과 비견되었으며 (도 3b), 면역형광 (IF)-분석에 의해 평가된 바와 같이 단백질 존재가 관찰되었다 (도 3c). 69.4±14.2%의 세포는 CDX2 및 PDX1 둘 모두에 대해 동시-양성이었다 (도 3d - 하단). 췌장-편향된 S4D3 세포와 대비할 때 (예를 들어, 미국 특허 출원 공개 제2014/0242693호 참조), PDX1 유전자 발현은 낮은 수준으로 유도되었으며 (도 3e), IF-분석에서 낮은 내지 부재하는 단백질 수준이 반영되었다 (도 3f). 전방 내배엽 TF SOX2는 1.45±0.15의 S3D5 세포가 SOX2 및 CDX2 공존을 나타낸 바와 같이 S3D5 세포에서 관찰되지 않았으며 (도 3g ― 하단; 도 3i), 유전자 발현은 hESC 및 Caco-2 세포에서 관찰된 수준 미만이었다 (도 3h). 장 중장/후장 내배엽의 적절한 발생에 필수적인, KLF5의 유전자 발현이 S3D5에서 상향조절되었다 (도 3j). S3D5에서 CDX2-양성 세포 내의 KLF5의 단백질 공존이 관찰되었다 (도 3k). ALB 유전자 발현 (도 3l), 및 단백질 존재 (도 3m)는 S3D5 세포에서 관찰되지 않았다. 췌장 계통 할당 TF인 PTF1A의 유전자 발현은 췌장-편향된 S4D3 세포와 달리 S3D5 세포에서 유도되지 않았다 (도 3n). 배아 중장 내배엽에 존재하는 호메오박스 유전자, HOXC5는 S3D5 세포에서 유도되었다 (도 3o). 도 3p는 마우스에서 임신 중기에 시작하는 배아 장 내배엽의 마커인 LGR5가 S3D5 세포에서 유도되지 않았음을 보여준다. 도 3q는 장 후장 내배엽의 마커인 HOXA13이 S3D5 세포에서 유도되지 않았음을 보여준다 (도 3p). 유전자 발현은 qPCR로 평가하였다.
도 4a 및 도 4b는 분화 중인 S3D5 세포의 증식 프로파일을 특성화한다. 도 4a는 Caco-2 세포의 경우 대부분의 CDX2-단백질 양성 세포가 (KI67 단백질과의 동시발현에 의해 나타난 바와 같이) 활성 세포 주기에 있으며 (좌측), 3기 동안의 H1-hESC-유래 세포의 증식 지수는 시간 경과에 따라 감소되었음 (S3D2 ― 중간; S3D5 ― 우측)을 보여준다. CDX2 (상단 행) 및 KI67 (하단 행) 단백질 수준이 단일 채널 이미지로서 도시되어 있다. FACS에 의해 평가된, 총 S3D5 세포 (총 세포는 90% 초과의 CDX2-양성 세포임)의 KI67-단백질 양성 세포의 백분율은 16.8±3.12였는데, 이는 S1D3에서 관찰된 백분율 (97.3±1.3), 및 Caco-2 세포에서 관찰된 백분율 (99.2±0.2)과는 대조적이었다 (도 4b).
도 5a 내지 도 5c는 BMP2를 3기 동안 BMP4에 대한 대안으로서 사용하여, CDX2 및 FOXA2 단백질 공존을 갖는 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 단층을 달성함을 보여준다. 도 5a는 각각의 단계에 첨가된 배지 성분, 성장 인자 및 소분자, 그리고 분화 중인 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 단계-특이적 마커 (FOXA2, CDX2, KLF5, SOX9, 및 PDX1LO)를 포함하여 분화 방법을 요약한다. S2D2에서 언급된 중성 pH (7.35±0.04)와 대비할 때, 세포를 3기의 전체 동안 BLAR 배지 중에서 약산성인 조건에 노출시켰으며 (pH; S3D1, 6.92; S3D2, 7.01; S3D5, 7.22) (도 5b), 이는 BLAR 배지 중 더 낮은 중탄산나트륨 수준의 결과로서 그러하다. 도 5c는 S3D5 단층 (좌측), 및 Caco-2 세포 (우측)의 대표적인 위상차 이미지를 도시하고; S3D5에서 균일한 형태가 관찰되었다.
도 6a 내지 도 6u는 단층으로의 적절한 장의 중장 내배엽 세포들의 생성을 보여주며, 각각은 전사체 및 단백질 수준에서 CDX2, FOXA2, KLF5, SOX9, PDX1LO 및 HOXC5를 포함한다. IF 이미지의 경우, 모든 TF 단백질 수준은 단일 채널 이미지로서 도시되어 있다. 도 6a (하단)는 CDX2 및 FOXA2 단백질 둘 모두에 대해 94%의 S3D5 세포가 공존하였음을 보여주는데, 이는 Caco-2 세포에서 관찰된 백분율 (86.0±6.67)과 유사하거나 더 크다. 유전자 발현 분석은 3기 동안 CDX2가 유도되었고 (도 6b), FOXA2가 유지되었음 (도 6c)을 보여준다. 도 6d는 CDX2 단백질 수준 및 완전한 CDX2/FOXA2 단백질 공존이 S3D5에서 유도되었음을 보여주는데, 이는 Caco-2 세포에서 관찰된 수준 (도 2d-iv)과 유사한 수준에 도달한다. 도 6e (하단)는 S3D5에서 CDX2 및 SOX9 둘 모두에 대해 99.8%의 세포가 공존하였음을 보여준다. SOX9 유전자 발현의 강한 유도는 Caco-2 세포에서 관찰된 수준과 비견되었으며 (도 6f), IF-분석에 의해 평가된 바와 같이 단백질 존재가 관찰되었다 (도 6g). 45.5%의 세포는 CDX2 및 PDX1 둘 모두에 대해 동시-양성이었다 (도 6h - 하단). 췌장-편향된 S4D3 세포와 대비할 때, PDX1 유전자 발현은 낮은 수준으로 유도되었으며 (도 6i); IF-분석에서 낮은 내지 부재하는 단백질 수준이 반영되었다 (도 6j). 전방 내배엽 TF SOX2는 0.8%의 S3D5 세포가 SOX2 및 CDX2 공존을 나타낸 바와 같이 S3D5 세포에서 관찰되지 않았으며 (도 6k ― 하단; 도 6m), 유전자 발현은 hESC 및 Caco-2 세포에서 관찰된 수준 미만이었다 (도 6l). 장 중장/후장 내배엽의 적절한 발생에 필수적인, KLF5의 유전자 발현이 S3D5에서 상향조절되었다 (도 6n). CDX2-양성 세포 내의 KLF5의 단백질 공존이 S3D5에서 관찰되었다 (도 6o). ALB 유전자 발현 (도 6p), 및 단백질 존재 (도 6q)는 S3D5 세포에서 관찰되지 않았다. 췌장 계통 할당 TF인 PTF1A의 유전자 발현은 췌장-편향된 S4D3 세포와 달리 S3D5 세포에서 유도되지 않았다 (도 6r). 배아 장의 중장 내배엽에 존재하는 호메오박스 유전자, HOXC5는 S3D5 세포에서 유도되었다 (도 6s). 도 6t는 임신 중기에 시작하는 배아 장 내배엽의 마커인 LGR5가 S3D5 세포에서 유도되지 않았음을 보여준다. 도 6u는 장 후장 내배엽의 마커인 HOXA13이 S3D5 세포에서 유도되지 않았음을 보여준다 (도 6u).
도 7은 분화 중인 S3D5 세포의 증식 프로파일을 특성화한다. Caco-2 세포의 경우 대부분의 CDX2-단백질 양성 세포가 (KI67 단백질과의 동시발현에 의해 나타난 바와 같이) 활성 세포 주기에 있는 것과 대비하여 (좌측), 3기 동안의 H1-hESC-유래 세포의 증식 지수는 더 낮았다 (S3D5 ― 우측). CDX2 (상단 행) 및 KI67 (하단 행) 단백질 수준이 단일 채널 이미지로서 도시되어 있다. FACS에 의해 평가된, 총 S3D5 세포 (총 세포는 90% 초과의 CDX2-양성 세포임)의 KI67-단백질 양성 세포의 백분율은 14.1%였는데, 이는 S1D3에서 관찰된 백분율 (97.3±1.3), 및 Caco-2 세포에서 관찰된 백분율 (99.2±0.2)과는 대조적이었다.
도 8a 내지 도 8f는 CDX2+ 세포의 불균질한 집단의 유도를 보여준다. 도 8a는 각각의 단계에 첨가된 배지 성분, 성장 인자 및 소분자, 그리고 분화 중인 장의 중장/후장 내배엽 세포의 단계-특이적 핵심 마커 (HAND1)를 포함하여 분화 방법에 대한 요약이다. 도 8b는 H1-hESC 세포 (상단 행, 좌측), 500 ng/ml의 FGF4 및 3 μM Chiron99021로 2일간 컨디셔닝된 1기 후 세포 (상단 행, 중간), 500 ng/ml의 FGF4 및 500 ng/ml의 WNT3A로 2일간 컨디셔닝된 1기 후 세포 (상단 행, 우측), RA/BMP4에 의해 컨디셔닝된 S3D5 단층 (하단 행, 좌측), 및 RA/BMP2에 의해 컨디셔닝된 S3D5 단층 (하단 행, 우측)의 위상차 이미지를 보여준다. 2일의 컨디셔닝 후 유전자 발현의 유도가 낮은 수준으로 CDX2에 대해 나타나 있으며 (도 8c), 내배엽 마커 FOXA2에 대해 유지되고 있으며 (도 8d), 중배엽/중간엽 마커 HAND1에 대해 유도되어 있다 (도 8f). KLF5는 유도되지 않았다 (도 8e).
Claims (18)
- 마이크로 캡슐화되거나 매크로 캡슐화된, CDX2, FOXA2, SOX9, PDX1 및 KLF5를 발현하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 장의 중장 내배엽 세포는 HOXC5를 더 발현하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 장의 중장 내배엽 세포는 SOX2, ALB, PTF1A, HOXA13 및 LGR5로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 전사 인자를 발현하지 않는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 장의 중장 내배엽 세포는 HAND1을 발현하지 않는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 집단은 70% 초과의 장의 중장 내배엽 세포를 포함하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 집단은 80% 초과의 장의 중장 내배엽 세포를 포함하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 집단은 90% 초과의 장의 중장 내배엽 세포를 포함하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 집단은 20% 미만의 중간엽 세포를 포함하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 집단은 10% 미만의 중간엽 세포를 포함하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 집단은 1% 미만의 중간엽 세포를 포함하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 집단은 중간엽 세포를 포함하지 않는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 집단은 인크레틴 호르몬을 발현하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 인크레틴 호르몬은 GLP-1, GIP 또는 둘 모두를 포함하는, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 중장 내배엽 세포는 L-세포인, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 중장 내배엽 세포는 K-세포인, 장의 중장 내배엽 세포의 집단.
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| AU2020283056B2 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2023-06-08 | Viacyte, Inc. | A biocompatible membrane composite |
| CA3139292C (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2025-06-10 | Viacyte, Inc. | CELL ENCAPSULATION DEVICES WITH REGULATED OXYGEN DIFFUSION DISTANCES |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160067380A1 (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2016-03-10 | Viacyte, Inc. | Encapsulation of pancreatic cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells |
| WO2010136583A2 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Novo Nordisk A/S | INDUCED DERIVATION OF SPECIFIC ENDODERM FROM hPS CELL-DERIVED DEFINITIVE ENDODERM |
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