KR102911263B1 - Manufacturing method of vegetable leather fabric and vegetable leather fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric and vegetable leather fabric. More specifically, it relates to a method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric and vegetable leather fabric manufactured by the method, comprising the steps of: collecting plant-derived materials; selecting the collected plant-derived materials; drying the selected plant-derived materials; attaching the dried plant-derived materials to a base substrate; and forming a protective layer on the attached plant-derived materials.

Description

Manufacturing method of vegetable leather fabric and vegetable leather fabric {MANUFACTURING METHOD OF VEGETABLE LEATHER FABRIC AND VEGETABLE LEATHER FABRIC}

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric and vegetable leather fabric.

Artificial leather (synthetic leather) is used as a substitute for natural leather in various fields such as shoes, clothing, gloves, miscellaneous goods, furniture, interior decoration materials, and automobile interior materials because it can provide a soft texture and unique appearance similar to natural leather, as well as flexibility and elasticity that cannot be expected from natural leather.

However, the texture of artificial leather differs significantly from that of natural leather, making the molding process more complex to meet consumer expectations. This has led to an increase in processing and molding processes, including dyeing and bonding, resulting in a sharp increase in manufacturing costs. Furthermore, hazardous substances, including hexavalent chromium (e.g., arylamines, formaldehyde, chlorinated phenols, DMF, etc.), are primarily used in the manufacturing process of artificial leather, which are harmful to the human body and cause environmental pollution when disposed of. In particular, the dyeing process uses a large amount of water, resulting in serious water pollution due to wastewater. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new materials that can replace natural leather and existing artificial leather, and methods for manufacturing leather that are environmentally friendly and ethical.

Onions, a member of the Allium genus in the Amaryllidaceae family, are cultivated worldwide, producing 54 million tons annually across 3 million hectares, a figure that has more than doubled over the past decade. In particular, South Korea boasts an average yield of 40 to 60 t/ha, ranking among the highest in the world, along with Japan, Europe, and the United States. However, onion peels have limited utility beyond composting, and the technology to recycle them into commercial products is lacking. Consequently, they are often discarded as vegetable waste or otherwise prevented from being used, resulting in environmental pollution due to foul odors and leachate. Therefore, technological development for onion peel recycling is urgently needed.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for manufacturing a plant-based leather fabric based on natural materials by utilizing plant-derived materials (e.g., onion skins) to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a vegetable leather fabric manufactured by the method for manufacturing a vegetable leather fabric of the present invention, and having a unique pattern and texture of a vegetable-derived material (e.g., onion skin).

Embodiments of the present invention provide a product comprising the vegetable leather fabric of the present invention.

However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a vegetable leather fabric may include the steps of collecting plant-derived materials; selecting the collected plant-derived materials; drying the selected plant-derived materials; attaching the dried plant-derived materials onto a base substrate; and forming a protective layer on the attached plant-derived materials.

In one embodiment, the plant-derived material is onion skin, and the onion may include at least one or more of a yellow onion, a white onion, a purple onion, a red onion, a pink onion, a cherry onion, a red long onion, a brown onion, an oval red onion, a round Breton onion, a shallot onion, a pecoros onion, or a stem onion, or a combination thereof.

According to one embodiment, the step of drying the selected plant-derived material may be drying the plant-derived material at a temperature of room temperature to 90° C. for 1 hour to 100 hours without washing.

According to one embodiment, the base substrate may include a first layer comprising a fabric including at least one or more of woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, felt, mesh, net, paper, and pulp, or a combination thereof; and a second layer comprising an adhesive on the first layer.

According to one embodiment, the thickness of the base substrate is 500 μm (micrometers) to 5,000 μm (micrometers), the first layer is a single layer or multiple layers, and the first layer and the second layer may be repeatedly laminated once or twice or more.

According to one embodiment, the second layer may be coated on the first layer with a film; or a dot, straight line, diagonal line, circular line or mesh pattern, and the thickness of the second layer is 10 μm (micrometer) to 1,000 μm (micrometer), and the second layer may include a hot melt adhesive comprising at least one or more of a polyester hot melt, a polyamide hot melt, an EVA hot melt, a polyolefin hot melt, a polyurethane hot melt or a polyethylene hot melt, or a combination thereof.

According to one embodiment, the second layer may further include an additive including alginic acid, glue, hydrogel, and casein.

According to one embodiment, the step of attaching the dried plant-derived material onto the base substrate may include arranging the dried plant-derived material on the base substrate and pressing it at a temperature of 50° C. to 90° C.

According to one embodiment, the step of attaching the dried plant-derived material onto the base substrate may include attaching the plant-derived material in a single layer or multiple layers, and the plant-derived material may be arranged in an overlapping joint manner to have an overlapping area of 0.5 mm (millimeters) to 10 mm (millimeters) wide or arranged at a spacing of 0 mm (millimeters) to 5 mm (millimeters).

According to one embodiment, the step of attaching the dried plant-derived material to the base substrate includes a first pressing step of arranging the dried plant-derived material on the base substrate and pressing it at a temperature of 50° C. to 90° C.; a step of applying a hot melt adhesive on the plant-derived material after the first pressing step; and a second pressing step of arranging the dried plant-derived material on the hot melt adhesive and pressing it at a temperature of 50° C. to 90° C.; wherein the applying step and the second pressing step may be repeated once or twice or more.

According to one embodiment, the step of forming a protective layer on the attached plant-derived material may include the step of applying a gel resin composition having a viscosity of 500 to 20,000 (cps/25°C) on the attached plant-derived material; and the step of drying at a temperature of room temperature to 100°C after the applying.

According to one embodiment, the gel resin may include 0.1 wt% to 3 wt% of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; 0.1 wt% to 3 wt% of octylphenoxypoly(ethoxyethanol); 1 wt% to 10 wt% of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentadiol isobutyric acid; 0.05 wt% to 1 wt% of polyethylene glycol; 10 wt% to 60 wt% of acrylic acid polymer; and a balance of solvent.

According to one embodiment, in the step of applying the gel resin composition, a water-repellent composition may be further applied after applying the gel resin composition.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a vegetable leather fabric may include: a base substrate layer; a plant-derived material layer attached singly or in multiple layers on the base substrate layer; and a protective layer on the plant-derived material layer.

According to one embodiment, the vegetable leather fabric may be manufactured using a method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric according to embodiments of the present invention.

According to one embodiment, the vegetable leather fabric may be applied to interior products, accessory products, wallpaper, furniture, home appliances, clothing, shoes, hats, or bags.

According to one embodiment, the present invention can provide a method for manufacturing a plant-derived leather fabric that recycles plant-derived materials (e.g., onion peels) that are discarded or disposed of as plant-derived waste and implements the unique characteristics (e.g., texture or pattern) of the plant-derived materials.

According to one embodiment, the present invention can provide a vegetable leather fabric and a product including the same that can implement a unique pattern or texture of a plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) while having strength, durability, workability, water repellency, and stain resistance that can be used as a fashion material, an interior material, and a building material (e.g., a material for clothing, accessories, furniture, kitchenware, bags, shoes, wallpaper, etc.).

Figure 1 is an exemplary flow chart of a method for manufacturing a vegetable leather fabric of the present invention according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exemplary image showing a vegetable leather fabric (e.g., onion skin-based leather fabric) of the present invention and a product manufactured therefrom, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 3A to 3D illustrate a process of a method for manufacturing a vegetable leather fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is an image of a dried plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin), FIG. 3B is an image of an attached plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin), FIG. 3C is an image of a plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) to which a protective layer is applied, and FIG. 3D is an image of a dried plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) after application of a protective layer.

Hereinafter, the method for manufacturing the vegetable leather fabric of the present invention, the vegetable leather fabric, and the product including the vegetable leather fabric will be described in detail with reference to examples and drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples and drawings.

According to one embodiment, FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for manufacturing a vegetable leather fabric of the present invention, wherein the method for manufacturing a vegetable leather fabric in FIG. 1 may include a step of collecting plant-derived materials (100); a step of selecting the collected plant-derived materials (200); a step of drying the selected plant-derived materials (300); a step of attaching the dried plant-derived materials onto a base substrate (400); and a step of forming a protective layer on the attached plant-derived materials (500).

In one embodiment, the step (100) of collecting plant-derived materials may be a step of collecting plant-derived materials generated during the harvesting, packaging, and transportation or cooking of plant-derived materials. In one embodiment, the plant-derived materials may be plant-derived materials of any variety that can be cultivated or imported domestically (e.g., onions) or may be appropriately selected according to the harvest season. For example, the plant-derived material is onion skin, and the onions in the onion skin may include at least one or more of yellow onions, white onions, purple onions, red onions, pink onions, cherry onions, red long onions, brown onions, oval red onions, round Breton onions, shallot onions, pecoros onions, or stem onions, or a combination thereof, but are not limited thereto. Preferably, it may be yellow onions, which are highly produced and consumed domestically.

According to one embodiment, the step (200) of selecting the collected plant-derived materials may be performed by selecting plant-derived materials suitable for fabric (e.g., onion skin) from the collected plant-derived materials of step (100) and separating (i.e., cutting) and trimming parts that are not suitable for fabric (e.g., parts other than the skin, i.e., roots, leaves, onion flesh, etc.).

According to one embodiment, the step (300) of drying the selected plant-derived material may be freeze-dried, room temperature dried, or high temperature dried, the selected and trimmed plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin). According to one embodiment, the drying may be performed at room temperature (rt) to 90°C; room temperature (rt) to 80°C; room temperature (rt) to 60°C; room temperature (rt) to 50°C; room temperature (rt) to 30°C; or at room temperature or high temperature. Preferably, the drying may be performed at a temperature of room temperature to 30°C. At the above-mentioned temperature, the drying may be performed for 1 hour or more; 10 hours or more; 24 hours or more; 48 hours or more; 60 hours or more; 1 to 100 hours; 1 to 100 hours; 24 to 100 hours; The moisture can be removed by drying for 36 to 100 hours or 48 to 100 hours. In one embodiment, the freeze-drying can be performed at a temperature of -30°C (sub-zero) to -50°C (sub-zero) for 1 to 10 hours; or 4 to 8 hours. This drying process removes moisture to improve adhesion and durability with the base substrate, prevent mold and bacterial growth due to residual moisture, and prevent breakage due to excessive drying. Drying of such plant-derived materials (e.g., onion skins) can be performed without washing the onion skins, and can be performed in a dryer, a vacuum dryer, or a freeze-drying machine.

According to one embodiment, the step (400) of attaching the dried plant-derived material onto the base substrate may be performed by spreading and arranging a single or multiple dried plant-derived materials (e.g., onion peels) on the base substrate (e.g., the second layer) and then applying pressure to attach the dried plant-derived material onto the base substrate. According to one embodiment, the attaching step (400) may be performed by applying a constant pressure at a temperature of 50°C to 90°C to compress. Preferably, the temperature is 70°C to 75°C to prevent damage to the material due to high temperatures (e.g., 100°C or higher). For example, the thermal compression may be performed at a pressure of 20 N/mm to 150 N/mm. For example, the compression may be performed using a press (e.g., a flat plate heat press or an iron), a thermal compression bonding device, or a roll-to-roll device.

In one embodiment, the base substrate has the function of an adhesive wick and may include a first layer comprising a fabric and a second layer comprising an adhesive on the first layer. In one embodiment, the thickness of the base substrate may be 500 μm (micrometers) to 5,000 μm (micrometers).

In one embodiment, the first layer may comprise a fabric comprising at least one or more of woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, felt, mesh, netting, paper, cardboard, or pulp, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, felt, mesh, netting, paper, cardboard, and pulp may each comprise natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or both. The natural fibers may comprise at least one or more of cotton, bamboo, hemp, abaca, coir, flax, hemp, jute, ramie, sisal, alpaca wool, angora wool, camel hair, cashmere, mohair, silk, wool, hardwood, softwood, or elephant grass fibers, or a combination thereof, but are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the synthetic fiber may include, but is not limited to, at least one or more of polyester, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), acrylic butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), nylon, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyurethane (PU), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyaramid, polytetrafluoroethylene, rayon, metal (e.g., copper, silver, etc.), glass fiber, metal fiber, graphite fiber, or carbon fiber, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment, the paper or pulp may comprise wood pulp (e.g., cellulose or lignin) or a mixture of natural fibers and wood pulp. In another embodiment, the nonwoven fabric may comprise the aforementioned natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or both.

According to one embodiment, the knitted fabric may be a warp knit, circular knit, or the like, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment, the net and mesh may each include the above-mentioned natural fibers, synthetic fibers or both, and the net and mesh may have a pore shape of a circle, an ellipse or a polygon or a combination thereof, and the net may be woven in a mesh shape.

In one embodiment, the first layer comprises a single or multiple layers, and in one embodiment, the thickness of the first layer may be from 450 μm (micrometers) to 4,000 μm (micrometers). The first layer may be composed of multiple layers of the same or different components. In one embodiment, the first layer and the second layer may be multilayers that are repeatedly laminated once or twice or more. For example, the configuration of the first layer/second layer may be composed of two or more repetitions. For example, in the configuration of the first layer/second layer/the first'layer/the second'layer, the first layer and the first'layer may have different components or thicknesses. Alternatively, the second layer and the second'layer may have different components or thicknesses.

In one embodiment, the second layer may be applied by impregnating, coating, or laminating the first layer onto the first layer. The coating may form a coating film or a specific shape of a pattern (or a pattern film) along the surface of the first layer. For example, the second layer may be coated to form a film (e.g., a film) or a dot, a straight line, a diagonal line, a curved line (e.g., an S- or Z-shape, a semicircle, etc.), a comb-like line, a circular line, or a mesh pattern on the first layer. In one embodiment, the second layer may be impregnated by penetrating the surface of the first layer by more than 0% to 50%; 5% to 50%; or more than 10% to 50% in the depth direction. In one embodiment, the thickness of the second layer may be 10 μm (micrometers) to 1,000 μm (micrometers).

According to one embodiment, the second layer includes a hot melt adhesive, which is intended to be bonded to the plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) through thermal compression. Examples of the hot melt adhesive may include a hot melt adhesive comprising at least one or more of a polyester hot melt, a polyamide hot melt, an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) hot melt, a polyolefin hot melt, a polyurethane hot melt, or a polyethylene hot melt, or a combination thereof. The hot melt adhesive may refer to an adhesive that is liquefied at a high temperature using a thermoplastic resin, solidifies after compression, and exhibits adhesive strength. The hot melt adhesive may be produced without water or a solvent, or a solvent may be added if necessary. The hot melt adhesive may be a hot melt adhesive that is manufactured by a method known in the art or is available as a product, and is not specifically mentioned herein.

According to one embodiment, the hot melt adhesive may be a mixture of two or more kinds or three or more kinds, and may include, for example, 15 wt% to 85 wt% of a polyester-based hot melt adhesive (e.g., Sika SikaMelt, 9120) and 15 wt% to 85 wt% of a hot melt adhesive other than the polyester-based hot melt adhesive (e.g., polyamide hot melt adhesive (e.g., Henkel Macromelt, 6208), polyethylene hot melt (e.g., Haojing, HJ-225EA) and/or EVA hot melt (GOOD ADHESIVE, YD-6AB) or all of these, wherein the mixing ratio (w/w) thereof is 1: 1: 1). By applying these two or more kinds of hot melt adhesives, a vegetable leather fabric having excellent durability, strength, etc. can be provided.

According to one embodiment, the second layer further includes an additive including alginic acid, glue, hydrogel, and casein, and includes 1 to 20 parts by weight of the additive based on 100 parts by weight of the hot melt adhesive, and the mixing ratio thereof may be 1:1 to 2:1 to 2:1 to 2 (w/w). The addition of such an additive can improve adhesion and durability with plant-derived materials (e.g., onion skins).

According to one embodiment, the second layer may further include natural fibers and thermoplastic resin powder having an average length of 0.1 mm (millimeters) to 10 mm (millimeters). The thermoplastic resin powder may be included in an amount of 1 part by weight to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the hot melt adhesive. The natural fibers may be included in an amount of 1 part by weight to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the hot melt adhesive. The natural fibers may be selected from the natural fibers mentioned in the first layer, and a mixing ratio (w/w) of the natural fibers to the thermoplastic resin powder may be 2:1 to 10:1. This may allow the second layer to be stably maintained during a thermocompression process and may improve adhesion with plant-derived materials (e.g., onion peels). The thermoplastic resin powder may include at least one or more of polypropylene ether phthalate, polyethylene ether phthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane-based elastomer, polyester-based elastomer, polyamide-based elastomer, polybutadiene-based elastomer, polyisoprene-based elastomer, or acrylonitrile-based elastomer, or a combination thereof.

According to one embodiment, the additive and natural fiber and thermoplastic resin powder particles may be mixed with the hot melt adhesive or coated on the second layer.

According to one embodiment, the step (400) of attaching a dried plant-derived material onto a base substrate may attach the plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) in a single layer or multiple layers, and the plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) may be arranged continuously on the base substrate, arranged with a spaced gap, or arranged in an overlapping joint manner.

In one embodiment, the plant-derived materials (e.g., onion skins) can be arranged continuously in contact with each other without a gap between them. For example, the plant-derived materials (e.g., onion skins) can be arranged at a gap between 0 mm (or more than 0 mm) and 5 mm. In one embodiment, the plant-derived materials (e.g., onion skins) can be arranged in an overlapping manner so as to have an overlapping area of a size (e.g., width) between 0.5 mm (millimeters) and 10 mm (millimeters). In one embodiment, when the plant-derived materials (e.g., onion skins) are configured in multiple layers, the arrangement of the plant-derived materials (e.g., onion skins) in each layer can be selected from the above-mentioned continuous arrangement, overlapping manner, and arrangement manner with a gap between them. For example, the overlapping manner can be used for lamination using not only the same plane but also overlapping control of the lower layer and the upper layer. For example, in the case of the above multi-layer, the plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) of the lower layer may be laminated in an overlapping joint manner to have an overlapping area of 0.5 mm (millimeters) to 10 mm (millimeters) in size (e.g., width).

According to one embodiment, the step (400) of attaching a dried plant-derived material onto a base substrate includes, when laminating multiple layers of plant-derived materials (e.g., onion peels), a first pressing step of spreading and arranging the dried plant-derived material (e.g., onion peels) on the base substrate (e.g., second layer) and then pressing at a temperature of 50° C. to 90° C.; a step of applying a hot melt adhesive after the first pressing step; and a second pressing step of spreading and arranging the dried plant-derived material (e.g., onion peels) on the hot melt adhesive and then pressing; wherein the applying step and the second pressing step may be repeated once or twice or more. The hot melt adhesive is selected from the components mentioned in the second layer, and may further include additives, fibers, thermoplastic resins, etc. mentioned in the second layer.

The above first pressing step and the above first pressing step can utilize the pressing conditions mentioned in step (300).

According to one embodiment, the step (400) of attaching a dried plant-derived material to a base substrate may be performed by, when laminating multiple layers of plant-derived materials (e.g., onion peels), spreading and arranging the dried plant-derived materials (e.g., onion peels) on the base substrate, laminating multiple layers without applying an additional adhesive, and then pressing. The pressing may utilize the above-mentioned thermocompression process.

According to one embodiment, the step (500) of forming a protective layer on the attached plant-derived material may include, after step (400), applying a gel resin composition on the attached plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) to coat a protective layer (e.g., a transparent gel resin layer). According to one embodiment, the step may include: applying a gel resin composition on the attached plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin); and drying at a temperature of room temperature to 90° C. after the application.

According to one embodiment, the gel resin may be a viscous transparent gel resin (e.g., Gel Medium). For example, the viscosity of the gel resin may be 500 to 20,000; 1,000 to 20,000; or 5,000 to 20,000 (cps/25°C) (average value). The gel resin is elastic, prevents cracking after drying, and can improve the durability of vegetable leather fabric. In addition, it can impart a luster to the vegetable leather fabric. The viscosity can be obtained by a standard method for measuring the viscosity of a resin composition known in the art. For example, the gel resin may comprise 0.1 to 3 wt% of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; 0.1 to 3 wt% of octylphenoxypoly(ethoxyethanol); The gel resin may include 1 to 10 wt% of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentadiol isobutyric acid; 0.05 to 1 wt% of polyethylene glycol; 10 to 60 wt% of acrylic acid polymer; and the remainder of a solvent. In the gel resin, the acrylic acid polymer may be poly(acrylic acid) (PAA, formula 1 below) or poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (formula 2 below). The acrylic acid polymer may have a molecular weight of 10,000 to 500,000 g/mol (or, Mn or Mw).

[Chemical Formula 1]

[Chemical Formula 2]

In one embodiment, the solvent may be water, alcohol, glycol, or the like, and the solvent may be the remainder or 20% to 90% by weight of the gel resin.

According to one embodiment, the gel resin can be applied onto a plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) and then cured and dried at a temperature of room temperature to 90° C. for 1 to 50 hours to form a film (e.g., a transparent gel resin layer).

According to one embodiment, the step (400) of forming a protective layer on the attached plant-derived material may form a transparent gel resin layer and a water-repellent and stain-proof layer on the attached plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) after the step (300). That is, in the step of applying the gel resin composition, a water-repellent composition may be further applied after applying the gel resin composition.

According to one embodiment, the water-repellent, stain-resistant layer provides water-repellent, stain-resistant and/or waterproofing functions, and the water-repellent, stain-resistant layer may use a water-repellent composition comprising 50 to 80 wt% of a fluorinated water-repellent agent and an additive (1 to 10 wt%) selected from organic polysilazane, silicone resin, silicone oil and silicone oligomer; optionally, a cross-linking agent or a residual solvent (dimethylacetamide, acetone, methanol or ethanol, water). The silicone oil and silicone oligomer may be applied without limitation as long as they provide water-repellent, stain-resistant and/or waterproofing functions.

According to one embodiment, the fluorine-based water repellent may include at least one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (EPE), tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ETFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE), or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), or a combination thereof.

According to one embodiment, the organopolysilazane refers to a compound having a repeating unit composed of Si-N and having a side chain containing a hydrogen atom, an alkyl (e.g., having 1 to 12 carbon atoms), an alkoxyl group, an aryl functional group (e.g., having 6 to 10 carbon atoms), etc., and a polysilazane having a Si/N ratio of 1.4 or more can be used. Optionally, the organopolysilazane can be applied as a solution composed of 5% organopolysilazane and 95% solvent. For example, the organopolysilazane can be products such as KDT Ceraset Polysilazane 20, KDT Ceraset Polyureasilazane, KDT Ceraset DI-200 from KDT (KiON Defense Technologies); DURAZANE 1500 RC, DURAZANE 1500 SC, DURAZANE 1800 from DURAZANE.

According to one embodiment, the silicone resin may include at least one of trimethylsiloxysilicate/cyclotetrasiloxane, trimethylsiloxysilicate/cyclopentasiloxane, trimethylsiloxysilicate/isododecane, and trimethylsiloxysilicate/dimethicone.

According to one embodiment, the thickness of the protective layer may be 0.01 mm (millimeters) to 5 mm (millimeters), and the gel resin layer and the water-repellent and stain-proof layer may each be formed to a thickness of 0.01 mm (millimeters) to 5 mm (millimeters).

According to one embodiment, the “coating” in the present invention may utilize knife coating, spin coating, bar coating, spray coating, etc.

According to one embodiment, “drying” in the present invention may be performed in a dry state (e.g., relative humidity of 30% or less) using indoor exposure, vacuum, atmospheric pressure, an inert gas atmosphere, or a dehumidifier.

According to one embodiment, the vegetable leather fabric of the present invention may include a base substrate layer; a plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) layer attached singly or in multiple layers on the base substrate layer; and a protective layer on the plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) layer. The composition of each layer is as mentioned in the manufacturing method.

According to one embodiment, the layer of plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) may be single or multiple layers, and each of the plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) may have a width of 1 mm (millimeter) to 100 mm (millimeter). That is, the layer of plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) may include two or more types of plant-derived materials (e.g., onion skin) having different widths.

According to one embodiment, a product comprising the vegetable leather fabric of the present invention may be a building material (e.g., interior material, exterior material, flooring material, or surface material), an interior product (e.g., wallpaper), an accessory product, furniture, home appliances, clothing, shoes, hats, or bags. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 2, a bag (pouch) having a unique pattern of plant-derived material (e.g., onion skin) can be provided using the vegetable leather fabric.

Example 1

The collected plant-derived materials, i.e., onion skins, were selected as clean and suitable for fabric manufacturing, and the onion pith, roots, etc. were removed. Next, they were dried at room temperature (20 ± 5 ° C.) for 3 to 4 days. Although it is not necessary to use wind during drying, a dehumidifying function can be used to dry more quickly if rapid drying is required. The dried onion is shown in Fig. 3a. The dried onion skins were attached on the adhesive-coated layer of an adhesive interlayer (non-woven fabric (2 mm)/adhesive layer (1 mm) (composition: Sika SikaMelt, 9120, 60 wt%; and Haojing, HJ-225EA + GOOD ADHESIVE, YD-6AB (1: 1 mass ratio), 40 wt%)) and heat-pressed with an iron heated to a temperature of about 70 ° C. (Fig. 3b). Next, a transparent gel resin (gel medium; Alpha Acrylic Auxiliary Gel Medium - 37926) was sprayed once and dried at room temperature (20 ± 5°C) to 30°C for 48 hours to form a 0.1 mm thick protective film. The completed vegetable leather fabric can be seen in Fig. 3d.

Example 2

The process for applying the transparent gel resin was the same as Example 1, and a water-repellent composition (40 wt% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), 10 wt% trimethylsiloxysilicate/cyclotetrasiloxane, silicone oil (KF96-1000CS), 10 wt% polysilazane (KDT Ceraset Polysilazane 20) (1:1:2 mass ratio), and the remainder hexane) was sprayed and dried after spraying and drying the transparent gel resin (film with a thickness of 0.5 mm) to form a water-repellent, dirt-proof film (0.1 mm thick).

Physical property evaluation

1) Tensile strength was measured using the KSK 0520 measurement method.

Example 1 was measured to have a tensile strength of 70 (kgf)) and Example 2 was measured to have a tensile strength of 72 (kgf), and it can be confirmed that both have excellent tensile strength.

2) Internal contamination assessment

The stain resistance evaluation is performed approximately 50 times using the same stain source and visually inspecting the degree of each stain. Oil-based ballpoint pens and mustard, which are generally the most difficult to remove (stain resistance), were used as stain sources. The stain from the upper surface of the fabrics of Examples 1 and 2, where the onion skins were adhered, was easily erased with an eraser and fabric/paper towels without using any special cleaner. The mustard stain was also completely erased with fabric or paper towels without any special cleaner, leaving no stain.

3) Water repellency evaluation

The water repellency evaluation method involved dripping water onto the top of the fabric where the onion skins were adhered, and visually observing the shape and degree of water absorption. In the fabric of Example 2, the water droplets maintained their original shape over time and were not absorbed into the fabric.

4) Wear resistance evaluation (friction fastness)

The abrasion resistance was evaluated by evaluating the dry friction fastness. Two test pieces with a width of 25 mm and a length of 220 mm were taken in parallel in the longitudinal direction using the testing equipment specified in ISO 105 and fixed to the test stand of the friction tester, and the friction bar of the friction tester was covered and fixed with a white cotton cloth with a length and width of 50 mm each. After applying a load of 4.9 N (500 gf) to the friction bar, the surface of the test piece was moved back and forth 100 times at a reciprocating speed of 30 times/min and a moving distance of 100 mm, and then the white cotton cloth was peeled off, and the degree of contamination of the white cotton cloth was determined by a grade using a gray scale for contamination.

As a result of the experiment, Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention obtained a fastness grade (4 to 5) suitable for fabric.

The present invention can provide a plant-derived material having wear resistance, strength, and durability, as well as contamination resistance and water repellency, i.e., a vegetable leather fabric utilizing onion skin.

As such, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, such modifications or variations should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (14)

Step of collecting plant-derived materials;
A step of selecting from collected plant-derived materials;
A step of drying selected plant-derived materials;
A step of attaching a dried plant-derived material onto a base substrate; and
A step of forming a protective layer on the attached plant-derived material;
Includes
The above plant-derived material is onion skin,
The step of drying the selected plant-derived material includes drying the plant-derived material at a temperature of room temperature to 90°C for 1 hour to 100 hours,
The step of attaching the dried plant-derived material to the base substrate includes arranging the dried plant-derived material on the base substrate and pressing it at a temperature of 50°C to 90°C.
The step of forming a protective layer on the above-mentioned attached plant-derived material is:
A step of applying a gel resin composition having a viscosity of 500 to 20,000 (cps/25°C) on the attached plant-derived material; and
A step of drying at a temperature of room temperature to 100°C after the above application;
A method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric, comprising:
In the first paragraph,
The above onion skins,
A method for producing a vegetable leather fabric obtained from at least one or more of yellow onions, white onions, purple onions, red onions, pink onions, cherry onions, red long onions, brown onions, oval red onions, round Breton onions, shallot onions, pecoros onions or stem onions, or a combination thereof.
delete In the first paragraph,
The above base material is
A first layer comprising a fabric comprising at least one or more of woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, felt, mesh, netting, paper and pulp, or a combination thereof; and a second layer comprising an adhesive on the first layer.
A method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric, comprising:
In paragraph 4,
The second layer is coated on the first layer with a film; or a dot, straight line, diagonal line, circular line or mesh pattern;
The thickness of the second layer is 10 ㎛ (micrometers) to 1,000 ㎛ (micrometers),
The above second floor is,
A method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric, comprising a hot melt adhesive comprising at least one or more of polyester hot melt, polyamide hot melt, EVA hot melt, polyolefin hot melt, polyurethane hot melt, or polyethylene hot melt, or a combination thereof.
delete In the first paragraph,
The step of attaching the above dried plant-derived material to the base substrate is:
Attaching plant-derived materials in a single layer or multiple layers,
A method for manufacturing a vegetable leather fabric, wherein the above plant-derived materials are arranged in an overlapping manner to have an overlapping area of 0.5 mm (millimeters) to 10 mm (millimeters) wide or are arranged at a spacing of 0 mm (millimeters) to 5 mm (millimeters).
In the first paragraph,
The step of attaching the above dried plant-derived material to the base substrate is:
A first pressing step of arranging the dried plant-derived material on the base material and pressing it at a temperature of 50°C to 90°C;
A step of applying a hot melt adhesive on the plant-derived material after the first pressing step; and
A second pressing step of arranging the dried plant-derived material on the hot melt adhesive and pressing it at a temperature of 50°C to 90°C;
Including,
A method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric, wherein the above-mentioned applying step and the above-mentioned second pressing step are repeated once or twice or more.
delete In the first paragraph,
The above gel resin is
0.1 to 3 wt% of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol;
Octyl phenoxy poly(ethoxyethanol) 0.1 wt% to 3 wt%;
1 to 10 wt% of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentadiol isobutyric acid;
0.05% to 1% by weight of polyethylene glycol;
10 to 60 wt% of acrylic acid polymer; and
Residual solvent;
A method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric, comprising:
In paragraph 1,
A method for manufacturing vegetable leather fabric, wherein, in the step of applying the above gel resin composition, a water-repellent composition is further applied after applying the above gel resin composition.
base substrate layer;
A plant-derived material layer attached singly or in multiple layers on the base substrate layer; and
A protective layer on the above plant-derived material layer;
Including,
A vegetable leather fabric manufactured by the method of any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, and 11.
delete In paragraph 12,
The above vegetable leather fabric,
Vegetable leather fabric for use in accessory products, wallpaper, furniture, home appliances, clothing, shoes, hats or bags.