LU88403A1 - Pallet and device for their manufacture - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to its pallet with the features of the Oberbcgrirics of patent claim 1 and to a device for producing such pallets.

The invention aims to fairly propose the design of this support foot and its arrangement a particularly advantageous and simple solution, which is also associated with a low assembly effort, which is achieved according to the invention by those measures, the content and subject of the characteristic table of the Patentanspmches 1 are. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of subclaims 2 to 7.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for the manufacture of such pallets, with which these pallets can be manufactured efficiently and inexpensively. This is achieved by means of those measures which are the content and subject of the characterizing part of patent claim 8.

With a device of this type, not only the manufacture of the stem-shaped incision and the insertion of the inner pipe piece into the outer pipe piece can be accomplished in one work step, so to speak, in a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, all of the pallet feet associated with a pallet deck can also be defined simultaneously. Appropriate and advantageous embodiments of this device are the subject matter of sub-claims 9 to 22.

In order to illustrate the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, without restricting it to the exemplary embodiments shown. Show it:

1 shows the pallet in its shape spread out in the plane (pallet blank); 2 shows the ready-to-use pallet in an oblique view from above, and FIG. 3 shows the same pallet according to FIG. 2, but seen from below. Figures 4 and 5 illustrate details on a larger scale than the other figures; 6 shows a view of the press dome and FIG. 7 shows its end view; 8 shows the front view of the device and FIG. 9 shows a side view of the same - viewing direction arrow A in FIG. 8, but for the sake of clarity the conveyors for providing the inner tube pieces have been omitted; Fig. 10 is a plan view of the conveyors for providing the inner pipe pieces and Fig. 11 is a view of the device as Fig. 8, but during a different time from Fig. 8; FIG. 12 shows a plan view of the machine table, partly in section - section line VII-VII in FIG. 8; Fig. 13 shows a detail section through a properly fixed pallet foot with an outer and an inner tube piece. '· Γο Ai: Si: ar-g -.-. Rnaîcriai for the production of the pallet is biatt-like and expediently consists of a corrugated cardboard. The pallet is made from a flat blank, which is shown in plan view in FIG. 1. In this one-piece blank, the central rectangular part forms the pallet deck 35. Strip-shaped pallet runners 36 are provided on all four edges of the pallet deck 35 and are connected to the latter via webs 37. The dimensions (L and B) of the pallet deck 35 are adapted to the respective requirements and can also correspond to the relevant standard regulations (DIN 15146). The lines 38 and 39 dashed from FIG. 1 indicate the bending edges which run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the respective strip-like pallet runners 2 and around which the parts mentioned (webs 37 and pallet runners 36) are bent in order to produce the pallet ready for use. The webs 37 are bent over in relation to the pallet deck 35 as well as the pallet runners 36 with respect to the webs 37 in the same sense, so that the webs 37 or their planes are at right angles to the pallet deck 35 and the pallet runners 36 lie parallel to the pallet deck 35. This is shown in oblique view in FIG. 2 in plan view and in FIG. 3 in bottom view.

In order to keep the pallet runners 36 at a distance from the pallet deck 35, support feet 40 are provided. These support feet 40 lie with their end faces on the finished folded and ready-to-use pallet at those points which are marked and indicated with a thin circular line 41 in FIG. 1.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, these support feet 40 are each formed by a tube piece 42 with a circular cross section. At the points marked with the circular lines 41, a plurality of cuts 43 arranged crosswise to one another are now provided in the pallet deck 35 or in the pallet runner 36 (FIG. 4), the outer ends of which lie on a line, here on a circular line 41, which corresponds to Inner contour of the pipe section 42 runs. This line is expediently designed as a score line or an embossing line. Sections 44 are obtained through these incisions 43, which represent practically fig-punched tabs.

To assemble the support feet 40, pipe sections 42 are inserted between the pallet deck 35 and the pallet runner 36, pipe sections 45 are inserted from the front side, both pipe sections 45 expediently having the same length and their sum corresponding to the height of the pipe section 42. This insertion or pressing in or pressing in takes place by bending the sectors 44 obtained by the incisions 43, which now lie between these pipe sections (FIG. 5). The dimensions of the parts interacting here are selected so that the parts which come into operative connection are held together in a clamping manner. It is within the scope of the invention to possibly add adhesives here. The pipe sections 45 or their axial lengths can also be somewhat larger than the half length of the pipe section 42, they are expediently larger by the thickness of the material that forms the pallet deck or the pallet runner. This is also shown in FIG. 5. As a result, these single pipe sections 45 can also overlap loads or the support feet 40 can be understood as a whole.

Pipe pieces 42 and pipe sections 45 of circular cross-section are expediently selected. However, it is possible to use pipe sections and pipe sections with a different cross section, for example square cross sections or elliptical cross sections or a polygonal cross section. According to today's knowledge and experience, however, this does not gain any advantage over the pipe sections with a circular cross section, at least not with regard to the assembly of these parts. Polygonal support feet can possibly be opposed to cylindrical support feet. have a higher load capacity, provided that they have the same wall thickness and are made of the same materials.

In addition to the pallet deck 35 and the support feet 40, the pallet shown and described here as an exemplary embodiment also has pallet runners 36 which are connected to the pallet deck 35 via the webs 37. It is within the scope of the invention to omit these webs 37 and the plate heads 36 so that the pallet only consists of the pallet deck 35 and the support feet 40.

The following explanations relate only to the device for producing pallets, which only consist of pallet deck 35 and support feet 40. The press dome 1 consists of a first cylindrical section 2, the diameter of which corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the inner pipe section 45 of the pallet foot 40 (FIG. 13) and the conical end face 3 of which carries a plurality of cutting edges 4 arranged in a stem shape, which lie on an imaginary cone jacket. The axial length of the cylindrical section 2 corresponds approximately to the height of the inner pipe section 45, it is expediently somewhat longer than this. This cylindrical section 2 is connected at the top by a further section 5, the diameter of which is larger than that of section 2, so that an abutment shoulder 6 is formed for the pipe section 45 to be accommodated by section 2.

The device has a stationary machine table 7, in the central area of which a vertically closed frame 8 is fixed, the upper horizontal leg 9 of which carries a piston-cylinder unit 10, to the piston of which a horizontally lying support frame 11 is fastened with vertical ones Guide rails 12 which are slidably mounted in corresponding positions in the leg 9 of the frame 8. On the underside of the support frame 11, which is height-adjustable with the piston-cylinder unit 10, a plurality of press domes 1 are now attached, the distribution and number thereof corresponding to the distribution and number of pallet feet 44 to be fixed on a pallet deck 35.

On the machine table 7, two mutually parallel, in a horizontal plane lying guide rails 13 are fixed, on which a support device 14 for a pallet deck 35: n Γ. · '!' / Ontal direction is displaceable. this displacement means that this support device 14 can be brought into or outside the stroke range of the support frame 1 i with the press domes 1.

This support device 14 has a horizontally lying plate 15, on which pot-like positioning members 16 are fixed, which serve to receive the outer tube pieces 42 of the pallet feet 40. On this plate 15 upright 18 are also attached, which serve as stops for the pallet deck 35 which can be placed on the end face of the pipe sections 42. These stops lie in a horizontal plane in which the upper end faces of the outer tube pieces 42 are located, which are inserted into the pot-like positioning members 16. Instead of pot-like positioning elements 16, disk-like positioning elements could also be provided, or else pin-like positioning elements, that is to say all those components and components which are suitable for holding the tube piece 42 to be accommodated in the correct position.

The plate 15, a frame could also be provided here, with the positioning members 16 is carried by a slide 20 mounted on the guide rails 13 and is elastically supported relative to this slide 20 in the vertical direction by springs 21.

In the central region of the machine table 7, namely on the edge side, a plurality of block-like abutments 22 are arranged in a vertical orientation, the height of which from the machine table 7 is slightly less than the distance between the underside of the plate 15 and the machine table 7.

It is assumed that the pallet to be manufactured here carries a pallet foot 40 in each of its corner areas and that a further pallet foot 40 is provided in the middle of the pallet deck 35, so that a total of five pallet feet 40 must be placed.

In the vertical center plane of the machine table (FIG. 12), block-like abutments 23 are also arranged in a vertical orientation, but they have a lower height than the abutments 22 provided on the edge. Under the centrally positioned positioning members 16 on the plate 15 there are now also block-like abutments 24 arranged, the sum of the heights of these abutments 23 and 24 corresponds to that of the height of the abutments 22.

Transversely to the direction of displacement of the support device 14 and above it and below the support frame 11 located in its lower working position (FIG. 11), stationary, essentially horizontal conveyors, expediently conveyor belts 25, are advantageously arranged on both sides of this frame, which are located in the 8 and 11 each extend at right angles to the plane of the drawing. On one end of these conveyor belts 25, feed devices (not shown here) are attached, by means of which the inner tube pieces 45 for the pallet feet 40 can be fed to the conveyor belts 25. At those points of the 'örwCi-Volumes; 25th if you want to deliver 1 tubular pipe 45 from the press domes arranged on the support frame 11, separation devices in the form of stops 27 and in the form of piston-cylinder units 28 are provided, as well An additional slide 29 each is attached to the side of the conveyor belts 25 or to the conveyor belts carrying these frames, which face the support frame 11, easily detachably fastened feed devices 30 which have different axis lengths. These feed devices 30 each consist of a pair of horizontally arranged and spaced-apart guide rails 31 which receive the inner tube pieces 45 and whose ends facing away from the conveyor belt 25 can be pivoted in a horizontal plane relative to one another in the manner of pliers. The ends of the guide rails 31, which can be displaced in a pincer-like manner, lie in the displacement movement of the press domes 1.

So much for the structural design of the device, which was now used as follows, assuming that the structural components forming the device, which were described above, are in the relative position to one another shown in FIG. 8.

For now, be manual! In the pot-like positioning members 16, which are fixed on the plate 15, the prepared outer pipe pieces 42 are placed or introduced, five pieces to be mentioned in the present case, for example, and then the pallet deck 35 is applied to the ends of these pipe pieces 42 , This pallet deck 35 is clearly aligned with these pipe sections 42 by the stops connected to the standing post 18. In the meantime, pipe pieces 45 have arrived on the conveyor belt 25 at the separating stations, and pipe pieces 45 are pushed from the feed slides 29 (FIG. 10) to the tongs-like ends of the guide rails 31 of the feed devices 30, which now move in the sliding movement of the press domes 1 of the supporting frame 11, now the slide 20 (Fig. 8) is pushed or moved to the left until it is located below the support frame 11 (Fig. 11), whereupon this support frame 11 is now lowered by means of the piston-cylinder unit 10. The press domes 1 pass through the pipe sections 45 provided by the feed devices 30, which are now in contact with the system school 6 of the press domes 1, whereupon the cutting edges 4 cut through the pallet deck 35 locally in a stem-like manner and the press domes 1 move so far into the pipe sections 42 until the end faces of the two pipe sections 42 and 45 fed in this way are essentially flush with one another (FIG. 13). The individual tabs formed by the stem-shaped incisions are clamped between the two pipe sections 42 and 45. Due to the pressure exerted by the press domes 1, the plate 15 is compressed somewhat against the force of the springs 21, whereupon the plate 15 or the positioning members 16 abut the abutments 22, 23 and 24 or these abutments cooperate, so that the slide 20 or its guides are practically unloaded by the pressure and only have to absorb the pressure exerted by the springs 21. This pressure is not much greater than the weight of the plate 15 with the positioning members 16, the stand 18 and the parts 7 and 19 placed thereon to form the cassette deck. If the pallet deck 35 is cut in the manner described and the two pipe pieces 42 and 45 are pushed into one another, whereby the tabs formed by the incisions are clamped between the two pipe pieces 42 and 45, then the support frame 11 with the press domes 1 in the starting position (FIG. 8) is retracted and raised and the carriage 20 is returned to its starting position (FIG. 8), the finished pallet is removed from the support device 14. In the meantime, the feed slides 29 have each pushed new pipe pieces 45 into the pincer-like end region of the guide rails 31 of the feed device 30, and new pipe pieces 42 and a new pallet deck 35 are now placed on the support device 14, the process described above is now repeated. *

The positioning members 16 and the press mandrels 1 are adjustably arranged on their respective supports in horizontal planes, so that pallets with different arrangements and different numbers of tubular pallet feet can be manufactured. For this grand, feed devices 30 of different axis length are also provided, and these individual feed devices 30 are attached to the long sides of the conveyor belts 25 in an easily detachable manner. The pliers-like end of the guide rails of these feed devices must lie in each case in the displacement path of a press dome so that the press dome can accommodate a piece of pipe 45 when moving down. As a result, the feed devices 30 can be adapted to the respective arrangement of the press domes 1 on the support frame 11.

Fig. 12 shows a plan view of the machine table 7 with the abutments 22 and 23. Two pallets of certain standard sizes are currently being manufactured and used, and the arrangement of the abutments 22 and 23 which can be seen here from FIG. 12 is selected such that With this arrangement, both standard sizes can be taken into account, but any other distributions of the plate feet are also conceivable and possible.

It was stated in connection with the exemplary embodiment described that the press domes 1 are cylindrical. It is possible to provide other cross-sectional shapes for these press domes and for the plate feet, for example polygonal or oval ones. If it is also mentioned above that the outer tube pieces 42 are manually inserted into the device, the insertion of these outer tube pieces 42 can also be provided with an automatically working mechanism.

In order to prevent the inserted pallet deck 35 from arching when the press domes 1 are moved down or to be lifted from its support when the press domes are subsequently moved back, a presser can be provided for the pallet deck. Such a presser is expediently plate-shaped. This plate-shaped presser is as large as the pallet deck and has a large number of through openings for the press domes 1.

Such a plate-shaped presser can be raised and lowered in the central area of the device. In its starting position, it is located in the space between the press domes 1 and below the conveyor belts 5 and above the pallet deck 35 (FIG. 9). If the slide 20 with the pallet deck 35 placed there is moved into its working position, then this plate-shaped presser is lowered onto the pallet deck 35 and held there, where it remains until the press domes have returned to their starting position. For the sake of clarity, however, the plate-shaped presser is not shown in the accompanying figures, which illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention. /

The device shown and described works with vertically movable press domes 1. It would be conceivable to rotate the device as a whole by 90 °, so that the press domes 1 are displaced in the horizontal direction, the pallet deck 35 then being moved "standing" into the device .

Claims (22)

Claims: 1. Pallet, in particular flat pallet for piece goods put together to form a loading unit with a pallet deck made of a sheet-like material and on the pallet deck support feet are provided, characterized in that a pipe section (42) is provided as a support leg (40) and at those locations on the plate pallet deck (35) and / or any pallet runners (36) on which the pipe section (42) rests with its end face, a plurality of cuts (43) arranged crosswise to one another are provided, the free ends of these cuts (43) on one the line (41) corresponding to the inner contour of the pipe section (42) and a pipe section (45) is inserted in a clamping manner in the pipe section (42) forming the supporting foot while bending the sectors (44) formed by the incisions (43). / 2. Pallet according to claim l, characterized in that pipe sections (45) are used on both end faces of the pipe section (42) serving as a supporting foot (40). 3. Pallet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axial lengths of the pipe sections (45) belonging to a support foot (40) are of equal length. 4. Pallet according to claim 3, characterized in that the axial length of a pipe section (45) corresponds to half the length of the pipe section (42) serving as a supporting foot (40), preferably slightly larger than this. 5. Pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the free ends of the incisions (43) connecting line (41) is designed as a score or embossed line. 6. Pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the pipe section or the pipe sections is circularly symmetrical or at least symmetrical to two mutually perpendicular axes. 7. Pallet according to claim 4, characterized in that the axial length of a pipe section (45) by the thickness of the material of the pallet deck (35) or the pallet runner (36) is greater than half the length of the pipe section (42). 8. Apparatus for the production of pallets with a pallet deck and with pallet feet formed from nested pipe pieces, between which rosette-punched rags are clamped from the pallet deck to form a press fit, according to the claims 1 to 7, with at least one support device for the supports of the patient deck and with positioning organs located underneath for the arrangement of the outer tube pieces and with at least one press dome which can be brought into alignment with the positioning organs and is axially displaceably mounted and has a shaft for receiving the inner tube piece forming the pallet foot, the diameter of the shaft corresponds to the inner diameter of the inner pipe section and the length of this shaft is greater than the axial length of the inner pipe section and the inner pipe section which can be pushed onto the shaft with its one leading edge, preferably on a shaft provided on the shaft can be created by increasing the diameter of the shoulder, characterized in that on the end face of the press dome (1) a plurality of blades (4), arranged in a stem-like arrangement and lying on the surface of an imaginary cone, are arranged and these blades (4 ) Having part of the press dome (1) is on this inner tube piece (45) pushed in front of its end face and the aclise of the cone is flush with the axis of the shaft. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that a plurality of press domes (1) with a vertical axis on a horizontal, vertically distributable support frame (11) are arranged. 10. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that laterally distributable in the vertical direction, the press domes (1) carrying support frame (11) at least one horizontally extending conveyor, preferably a conveyor belt (25) with the number of arranged on the support frame (11) Pressing domes (l) corresponding to the separating devices are arranged and on the side of the conveyor facing the supporting frame (11) are provided feeders (30) with which the inner tube pieces (45) supplied by the conveyor can be brought into the displacement path of the individual pressing domes (1) are. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that on at least two mutually parallel sides of the vertically distributable support frame (11) conveyors, preferably conveyor belts (25) are arranged and the separating devices are formed by piston-cylinder units (28) are, the axes of which are perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt and each separating device is formed from at least two piston-cylinder units (28, 29). 12. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the feed devices (30) each consist of a pair of horizontally arranged and spaced apart, between them the inner tube pieces (45) receiving guide rails (31) whose ends facing away from the conveyor (25) in a horizontal plane can be pivoted like a pair of pliers. 13. Yvorrichtung according to Anspmch 10 or 12, characterized in that feed devices (30) of different axis length are provided and the individual feed devices (30) on the long side of the conveyor (25) are easily detachably attached. 14. Device according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that below the vertically adjustable frame (11) a stationary machine table (7) is provided, on which a support device (14) for the pallet decks (35) is horizontally displaceably mounted and due to the horizontal displacement, the support device (14) can be brought into or outside the stroke range of the support frame (11) for the press domes (1). 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the support device (14) has a horizontally lying frame or a horizontally lying plate (15) on which pot-like or disc-like positioning members (16) for receiving the outer tube pieces (42) are arranged and this frame or plate (15) has stops which position the pallet deck (35) placed on the pipe sections and these stops lie in a horizontal plane in which the upper end faces of the outer pipe sections (42) which can be placed on the positioning members (16) ) are located. 16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the pot-like or disc-like positioning members (16) having the frame on a horizontally displaceable with respect to the machine table slide (20) and elastically supported against this slide (20) in the vertical direction . 17. Device according to one of claims 8 to 16, characterized in that below the positioning members (16) for receiving the outer tube pieces (42) at least below the frame (11) carrying the press domes (1) retracted slide (20) Wi -derlager (22, 23) are provided which support the positioning members (16) at the vertically acting pressing pressure exerted by the press domes (1) with respect to the machine table (7). 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the supporting abutments (23, 24) are formed in several parts in the pressure-absorbing, vertical direction. 19. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the abutments (22) are integrally formed for the positioning members arranged on the edge and are fixed to the machine table (7). 20. Apparatus according to Apsprqch 17 or 18, characterized in that the abutments (23, 24) for the central positioning elements are formed in several parts, one part (23) of the abutment on the machine table (7) and the other parts (24). are fixed on the underside of the central positioning organs. 21. Device according to one of claims 8 to 20, characterized in that the positioning members (16) and the press domes (1) are adjustable and fixable in horizontal planes. 22. Device according to one of claims-8 to / 20, characterized in that a C-shaped or circumferentially closed, vertically standing frame (8) is attached to the stationary machine table (7), on the upper horizontal leg (9) of which the guide and adjusting devices (10, 12) for the frame (11) carrying the press domes (1) are arranged.