MA34246B1 - Colorant a base de perylene lies a un polymere et compositions en contenant - Google Patents

Colorant a base de perylene lies a un polymere et compositions en contenant

Info

Publication number
MA34246B1
MA34246B1 MA35388A MA35388A MA34246B1 MA 34246 B1 MA34246 B1 MA 34246B1 MA 35388 A MA35388 A MA 35388A MA 35388 A MA35388 A MA 35388A MA 34246 B1 MA34246 B1 MA 34246B1
Authority
MA
Morocco
Prior art keywords
polymer
perylene dye
compositions containing
containing same
based perylene
Prior art date
Application number
MA35388A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Aurelien Georges Jean Commeureuc
Thomas Tiller
Cecile Pasquier
Original Assignee
Sicpa Holding Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=44119238&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=MA34246(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Sicpa Holding Sa filed Critical Sicpa Holding Sa
Publication of MA34246B1 publication Critical patent/MA34246B1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B69/00Dyes not provided for by a single group of this subclass
    • C09B69/10Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B69/00Dyes not provided for by a single group of this subclass
    • C09B69/10Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds
    • C09B69/101Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds containing an anthracene dye
    • C09B69/102Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds containing an anthracene dye containing a perylene dye
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41MPRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B3/00Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more carbocyclic rings
    • C09B3/14Perylene derivatives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B3/00Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more carbocyclic rings
    • C09B3/14Perylene derivatives
    • C09B3/18Preparation from starting materials already containing the perylene nucleus
    • C09B3/20Preparation from starting materials already containing the perylene nucleus by halogenation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • C09B67/0071Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
    • C09B67/0083Solutions of dyes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00Inks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00Inks
    • C09D11/30Inkjet printing inks
    • C09D11/32Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
    • C09D11/328Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents characterised by dyes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41MPRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14Security printing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de renforcement de la solubilité et/ou de la dispersibilité d'un colorant à base de pérylène dans un milieu liquide. Ledit procédé comprend la liaison dudit colorant à base de pérylène à un polymère soluble dans ledit milieu liquide.
MA35388A 2010-05-25 2011-05-25 Colorant a base de perylene lies a un polymere et compositions en contenant MA34246B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US34810610P 2010-05-25 2010-05-25
EP10005420 2010-05-25
PCT/EP2011/058519 WO2011147857A1 (fr) 2010-05-25 2011-05-25 Colorants à base de pérylène liés à un polymère et compositions en contenant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
MA34246B1 true MA34246B1 (fr) 2013-05-02

Family

ID=44119238

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
MA35388A MA34246B1 (fr) 2010-05-25 2011-05-25 Colorant a base de perylene lies a un polymere et compositions en contenant

Country Status (31)

Country Link
US (1) US9029442B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2576698B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5909763B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101832008B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102906199B (fr)
AP (1) AP2012006579A0 (fr)
AR (1) AR081766A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2011257238B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112012029837B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2800099C (fr)
CL (1) CL2012003237A1 (fr)
CO (1) CO6640243A2 (fr)
CR (1) CR20120590A (fr)
CU (1) CU20120162A7 (fr)
EA (1) EA201291213A1 (fr)
EC (1) ECSP12012301A (fr)
ES (1) ES2525915T3 (fr)
GE (1) GEP20156283B (fr)
IL (1) IL223015A0 (fr)
MA (1) MA34246B1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2012013492A (fr)
MY (1) MY160850A (fr)
PE (1) PE20130932A1 (fr)
PH (1) PH12012502316A1 (fr)
SA (1) SA111320481B1 (fr)
SG (1) SG185697A1 (fr)
TN (1) TN2012000539A1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI471387B (fr)
UA (1) UA107835C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011147857A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201208782B (fr)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2525915T3 (es) 2010-05-25 2015-01-02 Sicpa Holding Sa Colorantes perilénicos enlazados a polímeros y composiciones que los contienen
AR086509A1 (es) 2011-05-25 2013-12-18 Sicpa Holding Sa Tintes de quaterrileno y/o terrileno unidos a polimeros y composiciones que los contienen
TW201331304A (zh) * 2011-11-10 2013-08-01 Sicpa Holding Sa 聚合物結合的還原染料
KR101916987B1 (ko) * 2011-11-10 2018-11-08 시크파 홀딩 에스에이 질소 함유 치환기를 갖는 중합체 결합 폴리시클릭 방향족 탄화수소
RU2014125285A (ru) 2011-11-23 2015-12-27 Сикпа Холдинг Са Полициклические ароматические углеводородные соединения, содержащие атом s или группа s(=o)2 в своей базовой структуре
CN104619794B (zh) * 2012-01-27 2019-01-01 录象射流技术公司 打印安全码的方法
SG11201405524PA (en) 2012-03-27 2014-10-30 Sicpa Holding Sa Multilayer flake with high level of coding
CA2877108A1 (fr) 2012-07-03 2014-01-09 Sicpa Holding Sa Capsule ou bouchon comprenant des elements de securite
RU2670673C9 (ru) 2012-12-20 2018-12-12 Сикпа Холдинг Са Слой или рисунок из хирального жидкокристаллического полимера, включающий лунки, распределенные случайным образом
US9243169B2 (en) 2013-05-16 2016-01-26 Sicpa Holding Sa Security laminate
TW201502257A (zh) 2013-07-10 2015-01-16 Sicpa Holding Sa 包括可印碼與手性液晶聚合物層的標記
WO2015022035A1 (fr) 2013-08-12 2015-02-19 Sicpa Holding Sa Emballage pour produits à fumer présentant des indications
TW201601928A (zh) 2014-03-31 2016-01-16 西克帕控股有限公司 包含對掌性液晶聚合物與發光物質的標記
TW201619917A (zh) 2014-09-09 2016-06-01 西克帕控股有限公司 具有相互關聯的特徵的鈔票
US11192388B2 (en) 2017-05-19 2021-12-07 Institute Of Chemistry, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Printing head module, system and method for printing laser sources

Family Cites Families (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1444489A (fr) 1964-08-07 1966-07-01 Hoechst Ag Nouvelles matières colorantes et leur préparation
DE1297259B (de) 1964-08-07 1969-06-12 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Farbstoffen
FR1489487A (fr) 1965-08-12 1967-07-21 Hoechst Ag Colorants de benzothiaxanthène et leur préparation
NL6611070A (fr) 1965-08-12 1967-02-13
DE2238457A1 (de) 1972-08-04 1974-02-14 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zum faerben von synthetischen fasermaterialien aus organischen loesemitteln
US4911731A (en) 1983-02-22 1990-03-27 Clairol Incorporated Process and composition for dyeing hair utilizing an anionic polymeric/cationic polymer complex
AU597240B2 (en) * 1985-02-05 1990-05-31 Ciba-Geigy Ag Laser marking of pigmented systems
DE3921498A1 (de) * 1988-09-28 1990-03-29 Bayer Ag Polymer-gebundene-farbstoffe, verfahren zu deren herstellung und verwendung
DE3934329A1 (de) * 1989-10-13 1991-04-18 Basf Ag Polymerisierbare perylen-3,4,9,10-tetracarbonsaeurebisimide sowie deren polymerisate
DE4125458A1 (de) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-04 Hoechst Ag Sulfonsaeuregruppenhaltige mischkondensate, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung
JP3498132B2 (ja) * 1993-05-04 2004-02-16 マックス−プランク−ゲゼルシャフト・ツア・フェルデルング・デア・ヴィッセンシャフテン・エー・ファオ テトラアロキシペリレン−3,4,9,10−テトラカルボン酸ポリイミド
AU5086798A (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-05-22 Eastman Chemical Company Organic solvent based ink for invisible marking/identification
EP1036129A4 (fr) 1997-11-07 2000-12-27 Omd Devices Llc Composition fluorescente pour fabriquer des disques optiques du type cd-rom
US6835431B1 (en) * 1997-11-07 2004-12-28 D Data Inc. Fluorescent composition for the manufacture of CD-ROM type optical memory disks
DE19805121A1 (de) 1998-02-09 1999-08-12 Basf Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung farbstoffenthaltender, wässriger Polymerisatdispersionen
GB9824314D0 (en) 1998-11-06 1998-12-30 Clariant Int Ltd New hetercyclic compounds
EP1172418A3 (fr) * 2000-07-14 2003-12-17 Clariant Finance (BVI) Limited Colorants ayant un groupe terminal hydroxy, acide carboxylique, ester d'acide carboxylique ou amino
GB0104236D0 (en) * 2001-02-21 2001-04-11 Clariant Int Ltd New dye compounds
US6462128B1 (en) * 2000-07-14 2002-10-08 Clariant International Ltd. Process of making finely divided opaque particles
JP2002097384A (ja) * 2000-09-21 2002-04-02 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 高分子色素及びその製造方法
DE10108156A1 (de) 2001-02-20 2002-08-29 Basf Ag Rylenderivate
WO2002077081A1 (fr) 2001-03-23 2002-10-03 Solutia, Inc. Regulation du rayonnement solaire dans des stratifies de verre de securite
EP1314766A1 (fr) * 2001-11-23 2003-05-28 Sicpa Holding S.A. Composition d' encre contenant un pigment
EP1403333A1 (fr) * 2002-09-24 2004-03-31 Sicpa Holding S.A. Procédé et système d' encres pour marquer et authentifier les articles
US6986811B2 (en) 2003-01-31 2006-01-17 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Perylene derivatives and their application as dispersants
FR2882929B1 (fr) 2005-03-14 2008-02-22 Oreal Procede de coloration des cheveux a partir d'un polymere colore anionique
CN101223247B (zh) 2005-07-14 2015-04-29 爱克发印艺公司 含有具有侧基发色团的聚合物分散剂的颜料分散体
JP2009501251A (ja) 2005-07-14 2009-01-15 アグファ・グラフィクス・エヌヴィ ぶら下がっている発色団を有するポリマー分散剤を持つ顔料分散体
US7582151B2 (en) 2005-07-14 2009-09-01 Agfa Graphics Nv Pigment dispersion with polymeric dispersants having pending chromophore groups
US7846992B2 (en) 2005-07-14 2010-12-07 Agfa Graphics Nv Pigment dispersions with polymeric dispersants having pending chromophore groups
ATE449822T1 (de) 2005-07-14 2009-12-15 Agfa Graphics Nv Phenylazo-acetoacetanilid-derivate mit einer polymerisierbaren funktionellen gruppe und verwandte verbindungen als monomere zur herstellung von polymeren pigmentdispergatoren für tintenstrahltinten
DE102005043572A1 (de) 2005-09-12 2007-03-15 Basf Ag Fluoreszenzkonversionssolarzellen auf Basis von Terrylenfluoreszenzfarbstoffen
US8048947B2 (en) * 2005-11-08 2011-11-01 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Nanocomposites and methods for making the same
KR20080106276A (ko) 2006-03-01 2008-12-04 바스프 에스이 액체용 마커로서의 릴렌의 용도
GB0612784D0 (en) 2006-06-28 2006-08-09 Fujifilm Imaging Colorants Ltd Compound, composition and use
JP5439175B2 (ja) 2006-07-18 2014-03-12 チバ ホールディング インコーポレーテッド ポリマー状毛髪染料
US20090056793A1 (en) 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip Bv Benzoterrylene derivatives
US8044866B2 (en) * 2007-11-06 2011-10-25 The Boeing Company Optically reconfigurable radio frequency antennas
BRPI0906916B1 (pt) 2008-01-17 2018-07-17 Basf Se método para tingir cabelo
DE102008036495A1 (de) 2008-08-04 2010-02-11 Langhals, Heinz, Prof. Dr. Persistente Pery-Imid-Radikalanionen als NIR-Farbstoffe
ES2525915T3 (es) 2010-05-25 2015-01-02 Sicpa Holding Sa Colorantes perilénicos enlazados a polímeros y composiciones que los contienen
AR086509A1 (es) 2011-05-25 2013-12-18 Sicpa Holding Sa Tintes de quaterrileno y/o terrileno unidos a polimeros y composiciones que los contienen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW201202352A (en) 2012-01-16
MX2012013492A (es) 2012-12-17
CN102906199B (zh) 2014-06-25
ECSP12012301A (es) 2012-12-28
AU2011257238A1 (en) 2012-12-20
IL223015A0 (en) 2013-02-03
UA107835C2 (ru) 2015-02-25
KR20130079428A (ko) 2013-07-10
PE20130932A1 (es) 2013-09-02
EP2576698A1 (fr) 2013-04-10
BR112012029837A2 (pt) 2016-08-09
CU20120162A7 (es) 2013-04-19
AP2012006579A0 (en) 2012-12-31
KR101832008B1 (ko) 2018-04-13
CO6640243A2 (es) 2013-03-22
CN102906199A (zh) 2013-01-30
EP2576698B1 (fr) 2014-10-15
JP2013529246A (ja) 2013-07-18
AU2011257238B2 (en) 2015-01-29
EA201291213A1 (ru) 2013-04-30
SA111320481B1 (ar) 2014-09-11
MY160850A (en) 2017-03-31
SG185697A1 (en) 2013-01-30
US20110293899A1 (en) 2011-12-01
TN2012000539A1 (en) 2014-04-01
US9029442B2 (en) 2015-05-12
CA2800099A1 (fr) 2011-12-01
WO2011147857A1 (fr) 2011-12-01
CL2012003237A1 (es) 2013-03-22
HK1178553A1 (en) 2013-09-13
JP5909763B2 (ja) 2016-04-27
CA2800099C (fr) 2018-02-13
AR081766A1 (es) 2012-10-17
ZA201208782B (en) 2013-07-31
GEP20156283B (en) 2015-05-11
PH12012502316A1 (en) 2013-02-11
ES2525915T3 (es) 2015-01-02
BR112012029837B1 (pt) 2020-11-24
TWI471387B (zh) 2015-02-01
CR20120590A (es) 2013-02-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
MA34246B1 (fr) Colorant a base de perylene lies a un polymere et compositions en contenant
Lodeiro et al. Luminescent and chromogenic molecular probes based on polyamines and related compounds
Ruedas-Rama et al. Fluorescent nanoparticles for intracellular sensing: a review
NO20083153L (no) Kjemiske forbindelser
WO2013090601A3 (fr) Nanoparticules compactes pour des applications biologiques
EP2253959A4 (fr) Contenant de stockage d'échantillon
EP2771492A4 (fr) Procédés dont l'échelle peut être agrandie pour la formation de nanoparticules d'étain, compositions contenant des nanoparticules d'étain et applications les utilisant
EP2030974A4 (fr) Composés non nucléosidiques hétérocycliques, leur préparation, compositions pharmaceutiques, et leur utilisation en tant qu'agents antiviraux
EA201100877A1 (ru) Спирогетероциклические n-оксиамиды в качестве пестицидов
EA200970603A1 (ru) Антагонисты активин-actrii и их применения для повышения уровней эритроцитов
EP2205218A4 (fr) Composition pharmaceutique contenant de l'ésoméprazole
WO2009132313A3 (fr) Dérivés de morphinane d’acides organiques et inorganiques
EP2607464A4 (fr) Agent extrême pression pour huile lubrifiante, et composition d'huile lubrifiante le contenant
WO2009021750A3 (fr) Traitement de la dystrophie musculaire de duchenne
UA106880C2 (uk) Нові гербіциди
EP2366691A4 (fr) Nitropyridinyléthylèneimine, composition pharmaceutique l'incluant, sa méthode de synthèse et ses applications
WO2009036182A3 (fr) Procédés et systèmes pour une simulation précise de surfaces et d'interfaces de métaux fcc
MX2012001155A (es) 2-(3-alquiltiobenzoil)ciclohexanodionas y su uso como herbicidas.
EA200702589A1 (ru) 2,6-хинолинильные производные, способы их получения и их применение
ATE524482T1 (de) Ionische flüssigkeiten mit niedriger viskosität
FR2950627B1 (fr) Dispersion d'un polymere hydrosoluble dans un milieu liquide
DE602007010430D1 (de) Camptothecinderivate und ihre verwendung
EP2241571A4 (fr) 6-méthoxy-2',3'-didésoxyguanosine stable, son procédé de préparation et composition pharmaceutique la contenant
UA89463C2 (ru) Применение производных антрахинона как маркеров для жидкостей, жидкость, которая содержит указанные соединения, и производные антрахинона
ITRE20070048A1 (it) '' rilevatore di livello e metodo per rilevare il livello di un fluido in un recipiente''