NO885185L - PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF ALKANOLAMINE DERIVATIVES. - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF ALKANOLAMINE DERIVATIVES.Info
- Publication number
- NO885185L NO885185L NO88885185A NO885185A NO885185L NO 885185 L NO885185 L NO 885185L NO 88885185 A NO88885185 A NO 88885185A NO 885185 A NO885185 A NO 885185A NO 885185 L NO885185 L NO 885185L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- added
- compound
- reaction
- mixture
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/06—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from nitriles by transformation of cyano groups into carboxamide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07C235/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C235/32—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C235/34—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av alkanolaminderivater, særlig fremstilling av atenolol, dvs. 4-(2-hydroksy-3-isopropylamino-propanoksy)fenyl-acetamid med formelen: Diverse fremgangsmåter er foreslått til fremstilling av atenolol (se f.eks. GB-A-1.285.038). En vanlig benyttet fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av atenolol omfatter en reaksjon mellom et epoxid med formelen The present invention relates to a method for the production of alkanolamine derivatives, in particular the production of atenolol, i.e. 4-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylamino-propanoxy)phenyl-acetamide with the formula: Various methods have been proposed for the production of atenolol (see e.g. .GB-A-1,285,038). A commonly used method for the preparation of atenolol involves a reaction between an epoxide with the formula
og isopropylamin. Denne fremgangsmåte har imdlertid den ulempe at reaksjonen bør utføres i et organisk løsningsmiddelsystem, idet mellomproduktet med formelen (II) vil bli hydrolysert i en vandig løsningsmiddelsystem. and isopropylamine. This method, however, has the disadvantage that the reaction should be carried out in an organic solvent system, as the intermediate product with the formula (II) will be hydrolysed in an aqueous solvent system.
Ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse har det vist seg at atenolol kan oppnås med godt utbytte og under anvendelse av vandige løsningsmiddelsystemer ved hydrolyse av et tilsvarende nitril med formelen: som på sin side kan fremstilles ved reaksjon mellom et epoksy-nitril med formelen According to the present invention, it has been shown that atenolol can be obtained in good yield and using aqueous solvent systems by hydrolysis of a corresponding nitrile of the formula: which in turn can be prepared by reaction between an epoxy nitrile of the formula
og isopropylamin. Epoksynitrilet med formelen (IV) kan på enkel måte fremstilles ved reaksjon mellom p-hydroksybenzylcyanid og epiklorhydrin slik som beskrevet i f.eks. GB-A-1.227.480. and isopropylamine. The epoxynitrile with the formula (IV) can be prepared in a simple way by reaction between p-hydroxybenzyl cyanide and epichlorohydrin as described in e.g. GB-A-1,227,480.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen kan ved utgangspunkt i p-hydroksybenzylcyanid utføres i et vannløsningssystem og er således egnet til å utføres i industriell skala. Dessuten fører fremgangsmåten generelt til bedre utbytte av rent sluttprodukt med produktforurensningsmengder som er vesentlig minsket, slik at sluttproduktet ofte nødvendiggjør lite eller ingen rensing etter isolering. The method according to the invention can, based on p-hydroxybenzyl cyanide, be carried out in a water solution system and is thus suitable to be carried out on an industrial scale. In addition, the method generally leads to a better yield of clean end product with significantly reduced amounts of product contamination, so that the end product often requires little or no cleaning after isolation.
I det første trinn av en foretrukket utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen med utgangspunkt i p-hydroksybenzylcyanid behandles denne forbindelse i en vannløsning og ved romtemperatur med en kaliumhydroksidvannløsning, hvoretter det utføres en reaksjon med epiklorhydrin under omrøring i 5-20 timer, fortrinnsvis 6-10 timer, inntil reaksjonen er fullført. Reaksjonsblandingen sur-gjøres deretter med iseddik til pH 5-6 for å hindre dannelse av diolen med den nedenfor angitte formel (V) (hvor R er en hydrok-sylgruppe). Reaksjonsblandingen ekstraheres deretter med et organisk løsningsmiddel, fortrinnsvis diklormetan. In the first step of a preferred embodiment of the invention starting from p-hydroxybenzylcyanide, this compound is treated in a water solution and at room temperature with a potassium hydroxide water solution, after which a reaction is carried out with epichlorohydrin while stirring for 5-20 hours, preferably 6-10 hours, until the reaction is complete. The reaction mixture is then acidified with glacial acetic acid to pH 5-6 to prevent formation of the diol with the formula (V) indicated below (where R is a hydroxyl group). The reaction mixture is then extracted with an organic solvent, preferably dichloromethane.
Det organiske løsningsmiddel og overskuddet av epiklorhydrid fjernes i vakuum for å gi en forbindelse med formelen (IV) The organic solvent and excess epichlorohydride are removed in vacuo to give a compound of formula (IV)
[1-(4-cyanometylfenoksy)-2,3-epoksypropan] med godt utbytte. Eventuell diolforbindelse [formelen (V), R = OH] holdes på et minimum, og eventuelle forurensning med formelen (V), hvor R er klor, vil senere bli omdannet til forbindelsen med formelen (III), liksom epoksidet ved det etterfølgende trinn av fremgangsmåten . [1-(4-cyanomethylphenoxy)-2,3-epoxypropane] in good yield. Any diol compound [formula (V), R = OH] is kept to a minimum, and any impurities of formula (V), where R is chlorine, will later be converted to the compound of formula (III), as will the epoxide in the subsequent step of the procedure.
I det andre trinn av den foretrukne utførelsesform av fremgangsmåten tilsettes en blanding av vann og isopropylamin (fortrinnsvis i volumforholdet 1:1) til produktet fra det første trinn. Når reaksjonen er fullstendig, fjernes overskuddet av isopropylamin ved destillasjon ved atmosfæretrykk. Vann tilsettes deretter til reaksjonsblandingen som opparbeides ifølge konven-sjonelle metoder for å gi forbindelsen med formelen (III). In the second step of the preferred embodiment of the method, a mixture of water and isopropylamine (preferably in the volume ratio 1:1) is added to the product from the first step. When the reaction is complete, the excess of isopropylamine is removed by distillation at atmospheric pressure. Water is then added to the reaction mixture which is worked up according to conventional methods to give the compound of formula (III).
I det tredje trinn av den foretrukne utførelsesform av fremgangsmåten hydrolyseres forbindelse med formelen (III) til dannelse av atenolol. Ved dette trinn bobles hydrogenkloridgass gjennom konsentrert saltsyre mens temperaturen holdes under 10°C, slik at løsningen mettes med hydrogenklorid i en mengde på 30-45% og fortrinnsvis 38-43%. Fremgangsmåten utføres hensiktsmessig i en trykkbeholder. Produktet fra det andre trinn [forbindelsen med formelen (III) ] tilsettes deretter til en mettet syre, og blandingen oppvarmes i en lukket beholder, fortrinnsvis i ca. 30 minutter ved ca. 50°C. Etter avkjøling og trykkavlastning gjøres blandingen igjen basisk under kjøling for å gi den ønskede forbindelse (atenolol) med godt utbytte og høy renhet. In the third step of the preferred embodiment of the method, the compound of formula (III) is hydrolysed to form atenolol. At this stage, hydrogen chloride gas is bubbled through concentrated hydrochloric acid while the temperature is kept below 10°C, so that the solution is saturated with hydrogen chloride in an amount of 30-45% and preferably 38-43%. The procedure is conveniently carried out in a pressure vessel. The product of the second step [the compound of formula (III)] is then added to a saturated acid, and the mixture is heated in a closed container, preferably for approx. 30 minutes at approx. 50°C. After cooling and depressurizing, the mixture is basified again under cooling to give the desired compound (atenolol) in good yield and high purity.
EKSEMPELEXAMPLE
a) 1-( 4- cyanometylfenoksy)- 2, 3- epoksypropana) 1-(4-cyanomethylphenoxy)-2,3-epoxypropane
187,06 g 50 prosentig vannløsning av kaliumhydroksyd ble 187.06 g of a 50 percent water solution of potassium hydroxide was
tilsatt til en blanding av 200 g (1,5 mol) p-hydroksybenzylcyanid og 1300 ml vann. 278,8 g (3,0 mol) epiklorhydrin ble deretter tilsatt, og blandingen ble omrørt ved romtemperatur i 6-10 timer inntil reaksjonen var fullstendig, noe som vises med høytrykks-væskekromatografi (HPLC). Deretter ble det tilsatt iseddik for å justere pH til 5-6, og blandingen ble ekstrahert med 1 x 100 ml og 2 x 50 ml diklormetan. Det organiske løsningsmidlet og overskuddet av epiklorhydrin ble fjernet i vakuum, og produktet ble oppnådd som en olje (300-320 g) . added to a mixture of 200 g (1.5 mol) of p-hydroxybenzyl cyanide and 1300 ml of water. 278.8 g (3.0 mol) of epichlorohydrin was then added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6-10 hours until the reaction was complete as shown by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Glacial acetic acid was then added to adjust the pH to 5-6, and the mixture was extracted with 1 x 100 ml and 2 x 50 ml dichloromethane. The organic solvent and excess epichlorohydrin were removed in vacuo and the product was obtained as an oil (300-320 g).
b) 1-( 4- cyanometylfenoksy)- 2- hydroksy- 3- isopropylaminopropan b) 1-( 4- cyanomethylphenoxy)- 2- hydroxy- 3- isopropylaminopropane
( III) (III)
100 g av produktet av trinn a) sett ovenfor ble behandlet med 500 ml isopropylamin og deretter 500 ml vann og oppvarmet ved 65°C i 20 minutter. Overskuddet av isopropylamin ble fjernet ved atmosfærestrykk ved destillasjon ved en høyeste temperatur på 95°C. 100 g of the product of step a) seen above was treated with 500 ml of isopropylamine and then 500 ml of water and heated at 65°C for 20 minutes. The excess of isopropylamine was removed at atmospheric pressure by distillation at a maximum temperature of 95°C.
Reaksjonsblandingen ble opparbeidet på følgende måte: Blandingen ble avkjølt, 400 ml vann ble tilsatt og løsningen ble omrørt og oppvarmet ved 40°C i nærvær av "HYFLC^<1>, trekull og iseddik for å løse oljen. Etter filtrering ble filtratet avkjølt til 0-5°C, og en 50% vannløsning av kaliumhydroksyd ble tilsatt til pH 12-13. Den gelatinøse masse ble ekstrahert med dikloretan, hvoretter det organiske løsningsmiddel ble fjernet i vakuum, hvorved det ble igjen 106 g av et hvitt faststoff, som kunne anvendes uten ytterligere rensing. The reaction mixture was worked up as follows: The mixture was cooled, 400 ml of water was added and the solution was stirred and heated at 40°C in the presence of "HYFLC^<1>, charcoal and glacial acetic acid to dissolve the oil. After filtration, the filtrate was cooled to 0-5°C, and a 50% aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide was added to pH 12-13.The gelatinous mass was extracted with dichloroethane, after which the organic solvent was removed in vacuo, leaving 106 g of a white solid, which could be used without further purification.
Alternativt kan reaksjonsblandingen opparbeides på følgende måte: Reaksjonsblandingen avkjøles til 50°C og 400 ml vann tilsettes. Oljen som utskilles fjernes deretter og tilsettes direkte til en mettet saltsyreløsning som er forvarmet til 50°C [se (c) nedenfor]. Alternatively, the reaction mixture can be worked up as follows: The reaction mixture is cooled to 50°C and 400 ml of water is added. The separated oil is then removed and added directly to a saturated hydrochloric acid solution preheated to 50°C [see (c) below].
c) 4-( 2- hydroksy- 3- isopropylamino- propanoksy) fenyl- acetamidc) 4-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylamino-propanoxy)phenyl-acetamide
900 ml konsentrert saltsyre ble mettet med gassformet 900 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid was saturated with gaseous
hydrogenklorid under kjøling (0-10°C) til dannelse av en 42-43% løsning i en trykkbeholder. 100 g av produktet fra 3b) ovenfor ble tilsatt og beholderen lukket, hvoretter blandingen ble oppvarmet til 50°C i 30 minutter. Reaksjonsblandingen ble avkjølt, trykket ble avlastet, og en 50% kaliumhydroksydvann-løsning ble tilsatt under kjøling til pH var 12-13. Produktet ble avfiltrert og skylt med vann og tørket. Renheten på dette tidspunkt var meget høy og ga nesten kvantitativt utbytte. Ytterligere rensing kan f.eks. oppnås ved rekrystallisasjon fra isopropanol. hydrogen chloride under cooling (0-10°C) to form a 42-43% solution in a pressure vessel. 100 g of the product from 3b) above was added and the container closed, after which the mixture was heated to 50°C for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled, the pressure was relieved, and a 50% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution was added while cooling until the pH was 12-13. The product was filtered off and rinsed with water and dried. The purity at this point was very high and gave an almost quantitative yield. Further cleaning can e.g. obtained by recrystallization from isopropanol.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8727716A GB2212801A (en) | 1987-11-26 | 1987-11-26 | Preparation of an alkanolamine derivatives |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO885185D0 NO885185D0 (en) | 1988-11-21 |
| NO885185L true NO885185L (en) | 1989-05-29 |
Family
ID=10627586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO88885185A NO885185L (en) | 1987-11-26 | 1988-11-21 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF ALKANOLAMINE DERIVATIVES. |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DK (1) | DK649088A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI885455L (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2212801A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO885185L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8804255L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5502078A (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1996-03-26 | Zeneca Limited | Chemical compounds |
| GB9111425D0 (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1991-07-17 | Ici Plc | Chemical compounds |
| GB9111426D0 (en) | 1991-05-28 | 1991-07-17 | Ici Plc | Chemical compounds |
-
1987
- 1987-11-26 GB GB8727716A patent/GB2212801A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-11-21 DK DK649088A patent/DK649088A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-11-21 NO NO88885185A patent/NO885185L/en unknown
- 1988-11-24 FI FI885455A patent/FI885455L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-11-25 SE SE8804255A patent/SE8804255L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO885185D0 (en) | 1988-11-21 |
| SE8804255D0 (en) | 1988-11-25 |
| GB8727716D0 (en) | 1987-12-31 |
| FI885455A0 (en) | 1988-11-24 |
| FI885455A7 (en) | 1989-05-27 |
| DK649088A (en) | 1989-05-27 |
| FI885455L (en) | 1989-05-27 |
| GB2212801A (en) | 1989-08-02 |
| SE8804255L (en) | 1989-05-27 |
| DK649088D0 (en) | 1988-11-21 |
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