NO892191L - NON-NUCLEOTIDE REAGENTS FOR SUBSTITUTION OF TERMINAL END OF OIGONUCLEOTIDES. - Google Patents
NON-NUCLEOTIDE REAGENTS FOR SUBSTITUTION OF TERMINAL END OF OIGONUCLEOTIDES.Info
- Publication number
- NO892191L NO892191L NO89892191A NO892191A NO892191L NO 892191 L NO892191 L NO 892191L NO 89892191 A NO89892191 A NO 89892191A NO 892191 A NO892191 A NO 892191A NO 892191 L NO892191 L NO 892191L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- nucleotide
- reagent
- stated
- alkyl
- amino
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- RXNXLAHQOVLMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 10-methylacridin-10-ium-9-carboxylate Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2[N+](C)=C2C=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RXNXLAHQOVLMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000612 phthaloyl group Chemical group C(C=1C(C(=O)*)=CC=CC1)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003099 maleoyl group Chemical group C(\C=C/C(=O)*)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 5
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical class [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims 4
- 125000002828 maloyl group Chemical group C(C(O)CC(=O)*)(=O)* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 42
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 12
- -1 N-protected-O-phosphoramidite derivative of ethanolamine Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N Thymidine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C1 IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytosine Chemical group NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011534 wash buffer Substances 0.000 description 5
- SUTWPJHCRAITLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-aminohexan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCCCCCO SUTWPJHCRAITLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 description 4
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940096919 glycogen Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VGGUKFAVHPGNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-ethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethanethioate Chemical compound CCSC(=O)C(F)(F)F VGGUKFAVHPGNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- BGCYSPBEPMOQII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoro-n-(6-hydroxyhexyl)acetamide Chemical compound OCCCCCCNC(=O)C(F)(F)F BGCYSPBEPMOQII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010008286 DNA nucleotidylexotransferase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100033215 DNA nucleotidylexotransferase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000003298 DNA probe Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- FVGJFFQRXUXGOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(chloromethoxyphosphanyl)-n-propan-2-ylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)POCCl FVGJFFQRXUXGOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEMOMIGRRWSMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ninhydrin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(O)(O)C(=O)C2=C1 FEMOMIGRRWSMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NPEIGRBGMUJNFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminohexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCC(N)O NPEIGRBGMUJNFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKAVADYDPYUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-pyrazine-2-thione Chemical compound SC1=CN=CC=N1 HKAVADYDPYUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PGSPUKDWUHBDKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,7-dihydro-3h-purin-2-amine Chemical compound C1NC(N)=NC2=C1NC=N2 PGSPUKDWUHBDKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930024421 Adenine Natural products 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Reagens som kan koble med 5'-hydroksystillingen av et nukleotid, typisk det terminale nukleotid 1 en nukleotid-multimer, under de samme betingelser som anvendes 1 kjent standard fiast-fasenukleotid-multimersyntese. Når reagensen således er koblet, gir reagensen en substituert nukleotid-multimer med en beskyttet bindingsrest som avbeskyttes under de samme alkaliske betingelser som typisk anvendes for å avbeskytte nukleotideksocykliske aminer av en fullstendig syntetisk nukleotid-multimer. En enkelt av gruppene av reagenser kan så kobles til ethvert nukleotid, og da reagensene har en ikke-nukleotid hovedkjede, har den oppnådde substituerte nukleotid-multimer ikke et ytterligere nukleotid som eventuelt vil kunne interferere med hybridisering med en targetnukleotidsekvens.Reagents that can couple to the 5 'hydroxy position of a nucleotide, typically the terminal nucleotide 1 a nucleotide multimer, under the same conditions used in known standard phase-phase nucleotide multimer synthesis. Thus, when coupled, the reagent provides a substituted nucleotide multimer with a protected binding moiety that is deprotected under the same alkaline conditions typically used to deprotect nucleotide exocyclic amines of a fully synthetic nucleotide multimer. A single group of reagents can then be linked to any nucleotide, and since the reagents have a non-nucleotide backbone, the substituted nucleotide multimer obtained does not have an additional nucleotide that could potentially interfere with hybridization to a target nucleotide sequence.
Description
Qppfinnelsesområde.Qfield of invention.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører reagenser av en type som er passende for fremstilling av et 5' hydroksysubstituert nukleotid, hvis substituent deretter passende kan avbeskyttes under de samme alkaliske betingelser som anvendes for å avbeskytte nukleotideksocykliske aminer under standard fast fase nukleotid-multimersyntese, til å gi en bindingsgruppe hvortil det deretter kan bindes passende rester, f.eks. en markør eller en interkalator. The present invention relates to reagents of a type suitable for the preparation of a 5' hydroxy substituted nucleotide, the substituent of which can then be appropriately deprotected under the same alkaline conditions used to deprotect nucleotide exocyclic amines during standard solid phase nucleotide multimer synthesis, to give a binding group to which suitable residues can then be attached, e.g. a marker or an intercalator.
Teknologisk tilbakeblikk.Technological retrospective.
I klinisk forskning og diagnose er en kjent teknikk for å bestemme tilstedeværelsen av en spesiell nukleotidsekvens ("targetnukleotidsekvensen" eller simpelthen "targetsekvensen") i enten RNA eller DNA polynukleotider, å gjennomføre en nukleinsyre-hybridiseringsbestemmelse. I en slik bestemmelse velges en nukleotid-multimerprobe (typisk en oligonukleotid-probe) som har en nukleotidsekvens som er komplementær til minst en del av targetsekvensen. Proben er typisk merket, d.v.s. at den har et atom eller en gruppe bundet dertil, hvis tilstedeværelse lett kan påvises. Når den merkede probe utsettes for en testprøve som antas å inneholde targetnukleotidsekvensen, under hybridiseringsbetingelser, vil de to hybridisere. Tilstedeværelsen av targetsekvensen i prøven kan bestemmes kvalitativt eller kvantitativt, vanligvis ved separering av hybridisert og ikke-hybridisert probe, hvoretter mengden merket probe som hybridiserte bestemmes, enten ved å bestemme tilstedeværelsen av markør i probehybrider eller bestemme mengden markør i ikke-hybridiserte prober. In clinical research and diagnosis, a known technique for determining the presence of a particular nucleotide sequence (the "target nucleotide sequence" or simply the "target sequence") in either RNA or DNA polynucleotides is to perform a nucleic acid hybridization assay. In such a determination, a nucleotide multimer probe (typically an oligonucleotide probe) is selected which has a nucleotide sequence which is complementary to at least part of the target sequence. The probe is typically labeled, i.e. that it has an atom or group attached to it, the presence of which can be easily detected. When the labeled probe is exposed to a test sample believed to contain the target nucleotide sequence, under hybridization conditions, the two will hybridize. The presence of the target sequence in the sample can be determined qualitatively or quantitatively, usually by separating hybridized and non-hybridized probe, after which the amount of labeled probe that hybridized is determined, either by determining the presence of marker in probe hybrids or determining the amount of marker in non-hybridized probes.
En kjent markeringsteknikk omfatter innlemmelse av en radioak-125 32 A known marking technique involves the incorporation of a radioac-125 32
tiv markør, slik som I eller P i proben. Anvendelse av radioaktivt merkede prober er imidlertid forbundet med visse ulemper, omfattende probeustabilitet og de vanlige farer forbundet med håndtering av radioaktive isotoper. I et forsøk på å overvinne disse ulemper er prober i den senere tid blitt tive marker, such as I or P in the probe. However, the use of radioactively labeled probes is associated with certain disadvantages, including probe instability and the usual dangers associated with handling radioactive isotopes. In an attempt to overcome these disadvantages, probes have recently been
merket med ikke-radioaktive ender, slik som biotin, haptener eller fluoroforer. Anvendeligheten av slike ikke-radioaktive ender har allerede en utbredt anvendelse innen området som vedrører immunodiagnostika. Anvendelse av ikke-radioaktive ender i påvisning av DNA-prober er også allerede omtalt i litteraturen. Eksempler på dokumenter vedrørende påvisning omfatter anvendelse av enzymantistoffkonjugater, som gjenkjenner en haptenende, eller enzymavidinkonjugater, som gjenkjenner biotinender. labeled with non-radioactive ends, such as biotin, haptens or fluorophores. The applicability of such non-radioactive ends already has a widespread application in the field of immunodiagnostics. The use of non-radioactive ends in the detection of DNA probes has also already been discussed in the literature. Examples of documents relating to detection include the use of enzyme antibody conjugates, which recognize a hapten end, or enzyme avidin conjugates, which recognize biotin ends.
Tidligere metoder utviklet for binding av ikke-radioaktive markører til syntetiske nukleotid-multimerprober omfatter kjemiske modifikasjoner av proben etter at den er syntetisert eller/og renset ("post-modifikasjon"). R.P. Viscidi et al. (J. Clin. Microbiol., 1986, 23, side 311-317) anvendte f.eks. en bisulfittkatalysert transamineringsreaksjon for å binde 1,2-diaminoetan i C-6-stillingen hos cytosinrester i lambda fag DNA. Reaksjon av den transaminerte DNA med biotinyl-e-aminokapronsyre N-hydroksysuksinimidester, ga biotinylert DNA som kunne hybridiseres til komplementær DNA på nitrocellulose og påvises ved anvendelse av et streptavidin-alkalisk fos-fatasekompleks. Man har forsøkt å merke et syntetisk DNA oligonukleotid ved hjelp av denne metode, og har observert en dramatisk nedsettelse av smeltetemperaturen assosiert med dens RNA- hybrid. Således synes binding av markører på cytosin å interferere med normal baseparing assosiert med hybridisering og synes ikke å være en passende metode i tilfellet med korte syntetiske oligonukleotider. Previous methods developed for binding non-radioactive labels to synthetic nucleotide multimer probes involve chemical modifications of the probe after it has been synthesized and/or purified ("post-modification"). R. P. Viscidi et al. (J. Clin. Microbiol., 1986, 23, pages 311-317) used e.g. a bisulfite-catalyzed transamination reaction to bind 1,2-diaminoethane at the C-6 position of cytosine residues in lambda phage DNA. Reaction of the transaminated DNA with biotinyl-ε-aminocaproic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide esters gave biotinylated DNA that could be hybridized to complementary DNA on nitrocellulose and detected using a streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase complex. Attempts have been made to label a synthetic DNA oligonucleotide using this method, and a dramatic lowering of the melting temperature associated with its RNA hybrid has been observed. Thus, attachment of labels to cytosine appears to interfere with normal base pairing associated with hybridization and does not appear to be an appropriate method in the case of short synthetic oligonucleotides.
En annen post-modifikasjonsmetode involverer anvendelse av en fotoaktiverbar analog av biotin som merker DNA tilfeldig (A.C. Forster et al., Nucl.Acids Res., 1985, 13, side 745-761). Denne metode er igjen ikke særlig passende for å merke syntetiske oligonukleotider, noe som skyldes interferens med baseparing og resulterende destabilisering av hybridet dannet med targetoligonukleotidet. Another post-modification method involves the use of a photoactivatable analogue of biotin which randomly labels DNA (A.C. Forster et al., Nucl. Acids Res., 1985, 13, pages 745-761). This method is again not very suitable for labeling synthetic oligonucleotides, which is due to interference with base pairing and resulting destabilization of the hybrid formed with the target oligonucleotide.
I en ytterligere post-modifikasjonsmetode er en rekke nukleo tid- og deoksynukleotidtrifosfater fremstilt med aminter-minerte linkere som kan innlemmes i korte DNA-prober ved hjelp av enzymatiske teknikker. Aminlinkere er blitt substituert i N6-stillingen hos adenin (L. Klevon, PCT-ansøkning nr. WO 86/02929, publisert 22/5.1986, "The CS position of cytosine", D. Ward et al., EPO patent publikasjonsnr. 0063879, publisert 11/3.1982). I en metode er en biotinylert form av C5-modifisert dUTP festet til 3'-enden av en oligonukleotidprimer med et komplementært oligonukleotid som templat ved anvendelse av enzym DNA polymerase (A. Murasugi og R.B. Wallace, DNA, 1984, 3, side 269.277, P.R. Langer, A.A, Waldrop og D.C. Ward, Proe. Nati. Acad. Sei. U.S.A., 1981, 78, side 6633-6637). En annen metode anvender den enzymterminale deoksynukleotidyltransferase for å addere disse linkermodifiserte trifosfater til 3'-enden av oligonukleotider (se f.eks. L. Riley et al. DNA, bind 5, side 333, 1986). Ulemper ved disse metoder omfatter det påkrevede antall rensetrinn, begrensninger med oppeskalering som er forbundet med arbeidet med prerensede oligonukleotider, og potensialet for mis- eller ikke-paringer assosiert med de ytterligere eller modifiserte nukleotidrester under hybridiseringsbetingelser. In a further post-modification method, a variety of nucleotide and deoxynucleotide triphosphates are prepared with amine-terminated linkers that can be incorporated into short DNA probes by enzymatic techniques. Amine linkers have been substituted at the N6 position of adenine (L. Klevon, PCT Application No. WO 86/02929, published 5/22/1986, "The CS position of cytosine", D. Ward et al., EPO Patent Publication No. 0063879 , published 11/3/1982). In one method, a biotinylated form of C5-modified dUTP is attached to the 3' end of an oligonucleotide primer with a complementary oligonucleotide as a template using the enzyme DNA polymerase (A. Murasugi and R.B. Wallace, DNA, 1984, 3, pages 269-277, P.R. Langer, A.A, Waldrop and D.C. Ward, Proe. Nati. Acad. Sei. U.S.A., 1981, 78, pp. 6633-6637). Another method uses the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add these linker-modified triphosphates to the 3' end of oligonucleotides (see, e.g., L. Riley et al. DNA, vol. 5, page 333, 1986). Disadvantages of these methods include the required number of purification steps, scale-up limitations associated with working with prepurified oligonucleotides, and the potential for mismatches or non-pairs associated with the additional or modified nucleotide residues under hybridization conditions.
I en annen post-modifikasjonsmetode er aminlinkere blitt bundet til 5'-enden av de 5<1->fosforylerte oligonukleotider ved anvendelse av karbonyldiimidazol (B. Chu., G. Wahl og L.E. Orgel, Nucl. Acids Res., 1983, 11, side 6513-6529). Denne metode er blitt anvendt for å binde biotin for anvendelse i ikke-radioaktive påvisningsformater (B. Chu og L.E. Orgel, DNA, 1985, 4, side 327-331, A. Chollet og E.H.Kawashima, Nucl. Acids Res., 1985, 13, side 1529-1541). Binding av en markør på 5'-enden har den fordel at den generelt reduserer interferens av proben i hybridiseringsreaksjoner. Metoden har imidlertid den ulempe at den krever en rekke trinn for å binde linkeren, nemlig enzymatisk fosforylering, reaksjon med imidazol, reaksjon med 1,2-diaminoetan eller 1,6-diaminoheksan, og kolonnerensning. In another post-modification method, amine linkers have been attached to the 5'-end of the 5<1->phosphorylated oligonucleotides using carbonyldiimidazole (B. Chu., G. Wahl and L.E. Orgel, Nucl. Acids Res., 1983, 11 , pages 6513-6529). This method has been used to bind biotin for use in non-radioactive detection formats (B. Chu and L.E. Orgel, DNA, 1985, 4, pages 327-331, A. Chollet and E.H. Kawashima, Nucl. Acids Res., 1985, 13, pages 1529-1541). Binding of a marker to the 5' end has the advantage that it generally reduces interference of the probe in hybridization reactions. However, the method has the disadvantage that it requires a series of steps to bind the linker, namely enzymatic phosphorylation, reaction with imidazole, reaction with 1,2-diaminoethane or 1,6-diaminohexane, and column purification.
En mere direkte merkingsmetode er innlemmelse av festingen av en aminlinker, som et trinn i automatisert fast fase nukleotid-multimersyntese. Av de mange metoder som er beskrevet i litteraturen er ingen uten begrensninger. Wachter et al. A more direct labeling method is the incorporation of the attachment of an amine linker, as a step in automated solid phase nucleotide multimer synthesis. Of the many methods described in the literature, none are without limitations. Wachter et al.
(Nucl. Acids Res., 1986, 14, side 7985-7995), anvendte karbonyldiimidazol for å oppnå aminoalkylering av 5'-hydroksyl i et syntetisk oligonukleotid på slutten av en trinnvis automatisert syntese, idet oligonukleotidet fremdeles var bundet til polymerbæreren. Skjønt denne metode har den fordel at den forenkler rensning, krever reaksjonsbetingelsene at de siste trinn utføres manuelt. Kempe et al. (Nucl. Acids Res., 1985, 13, side 45-57) bant 2-(biotinylamid)etanol til et 5'-fosforylert syntetisk oligonukleotid bundet til en fast bærer i nærvær av et kondensasjonsmiddel. I tillegg til å være noe omstendelig, krever denne metode at den bundne markør overlever forholdene vedrørende avbeskyttelse og fjerning av den faste bærer. Således er den ikke passende for binding av kjemisk sensitive markører. (Nucl. Acids Res., 1986, 14, pages 7985-7995), used carbonyldiimidazole to achieve aminoalkylation of the 5'-hydroxyl of a synthetic oligonucleotide at the end of a stepwise automated synthesis, with the oligonucleotide still attached to the polymer support. Although this method has the advantage of simplifying purification, the reaction conditions require that the final steps be carried out manually. Kemp et al. (Nucl. Acids Res., 1985, 13, pages 45-57) bound 2-(biotinylamide)ethanol to a 5'-phosphorylated synthetic oligonucleotide bound to a solid support in the presence of a condensing agent. In addition to being somewhat laborious, this method requires that the bound marker survive the conditions of deprotection and removal of the solid support. Thus, it is not suitable for binding chemically sensitive markers.
Prosedyren etter Smith et al. (Nucl. Acids. Res., 1985, 13, side 2399-2412) er mere direkte anvendbar for automatisert oligonukleotidsyntese ved at et 5'-beskyttet-5'-amino-5'-deoksytymidin-3'-0-fosforamiditt er bundet i en endelig standard koblingsreaksjon. En fri aminogruppe dannes under avbeskyttelse og fjerning fra den faste bærer, som deretter er tilgjengelig for binding av en rekke markører. Da en nuk-leotidhovedkjede (d.v.s. tymidin) anvendes for å bevare et komplementært forhold mellom en probe og en targetsekvens, må så mange som åtte forskjellige linkere av typen som er beskrevet av Smith et al. fremstilles. Ellers kan en ytterligere tymidinrest i noen tilfeller gi et tap i spesifisitet for targetsekvensen som skyldes mishybridisering. The procedure according to Smith et al. (Nucl. Acids. Res., 1985, 13, pages 2399-2412) is more directly applicable for automated oligonucleotide synthesis in that a 5'-protected-5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine-3'-0-phosphoramidite is attached in a final standard coupling reaction. A free amino group is formed during deprotection and removal from the solid support, which is then available for the binding of a variety of markers. Since a nucleotide backbone (i.e., thymidine) is used to preserve a complementary relationship between a probe and a target sequence, as many as eight different linkers of the type described by Smith et al. is produced. Otherwise, an additional thymidine residue can in some cases cause a loss in specificity for the target sequence due to mishybridization.
Det er blitt foreslått forbindelser som kan anvendes for å innføye et primært aminmodifisert dioligonukleotid under standard automatiserte synteseprosedyrer. Slike forbindelser omfatter analoger av deoksytymidin, deoksyadenin og de-oksyguanin (G.B. Dreyer et al., Proe. Nati. Acad. Sei. U.S.A., bind 82, side 968, 1985, J.L. Ruth, PCT-ansøkning nr. WO84/03285, publisert 30. august 1985). Disse metoder lider imidlertid av de samme begrensninger som metoden etter Smith et al. Compounds have been proposed that can be used to insert a primary amine-modified dioligonucleotide under standard automated synthesis procedures. Such compounds include analogs of deoxythymidine, deoxyadenine and deoxyguanine (G.B. Dreyer et al., Proe. Nati. Acad. Sei. U.S.A., vol. 82, p. 968, 1985, J.L. Ruth, PCT Application No. WO84/03285, published 30 August 1985). However, these methods suffer from the same limitations as the method according to Smith et al.
Agrawal et al. (Nucl. Acids Res., 1986, 14, side 6227-6245) har nylig rapportert to metoder vedrørende binding av markører, som kan anvendes i automatisert fast fase DNA-syntese. I den første metode tilføyes en uridin-2', 3<1->beskyttet-5<1->fosforamiditt eller 5'-fosfitt til 5'-enden av oligonukleotidet som et siste koblingstrinn. 2'- og 3'-hydroksyler avbeskyttes deretter og oksyderes til et dialdehyd ved anvendelse av periodat. Biotinhydrazid kondenseres deretter til å danne en cyklisk binding etter behandling med borhydrid. Denne metode Agrawal et al. (Nucl. Acids Res., 1986, 14, pages 6227-6245) have recently reported two methods concerning binding of markers, which can be used in automated solid phase DNA synthesis. In the first method, a uridine-2', 3<1->protected-5<1->phosphoramidite or 5'-phosphite is added to the 5'-end of the oligonucleotide as a final coupling step. 2'- and 3'-hydroxyls are then deprotected and oxidized to a dialdehyde using periodate. Biotin hydrazide is then condensed to form a cyclic bond after treatment with borohydride. This method
har de ufordelaktigheter at den krever en rekke post-modifika-sjonstrinn. I den andre metode tilsettes N-beskyttet-O-fosforamidittderivat av etanolamin i den siste koblingssyklusen under den automatiserte syntese. N-beskyttelse gjennomføres ved hjelp av 0-fluorenylmetoksykarbonylgrupper. has the disadvantage that it requires a number of post-modification steps. In the second method, the N-protected-O-phosphoramidite derivative of ethanolamine is added in the last coupling cycle during the automated synthesis. N-protection is carried out by means of O-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl groups.
Definisjoner.Definitions.
Som anvendt i den foreliggende beskrivelse og i kravene er følgende betegnelser definert som: - nukleotid: en subenhet av nukleinsyre bestående av en fosfatgruppe, et sukker med 5 karbonatomer og en nitrogen-inneholdende base. I RNA er sukkeret med 5 karbonatomer ribose. I DNA er det 2-deoksyribose. Betegnelsen omfatter også analoger av slike subenheter. - nukleotid- multimer: en kjede av nukleotider bundet ved hjelp av fosfordiesterbindinger eller analoger derav. - oli<g>onukleotid: en nukleotid-multimer med en lengde på generelt omtrent fra 10 til omtrent 100 nukleotider, men som kan ha en lengde som er større enn 100 nukleotider. De antas vanligvis å være syntetisert fra nukleotidmonomerer, men kan også oppnås ved hjelp av enzymatiske metoder. -<p>olvnukleotid: en nukleotid-multimer med en lengde på generelt omtrent 100 nukleotider. Disse er vanligvis av biologisk opprinnelse eller er oppnådd ved hjelp av enzymatiske metoder. - nukleotid- multimerprobe: en nukleotid-multimer med en nukleotidsekvens komplementær med en targetnukleotidsekvens inneholdt i en annen nukleotid-multimer, vanligvis et polynuk-leotid. Proben velges vanligvis å være perfekt komplementær til den tilsvarende base i targetsekvensen. I noen tilfeller kan det imidlertid være passende eller til og med ønskelig at en eller flere av nukleotidene i proben ikke er komplementær til den tilsvarende base i targetsekvensen, eller at forskjellige rester av syntetisk opprinnelse enten erstatter et nukleotid i proben eller innskytes mellom basene i proben. Proben er typisk merket. - oliaonukleotidprobe: en probe av syntetisk eller enzymatisk opprinnelse med mindre enn 100 nukleotider, men som kan inneholde over 200 nukleotider. - h<y>bridiserin<g>: dannelsen av et "hybrid", som er komplekset dannet mellom to nukleotid-multimerer ved Watson-Crick baseparing mellom de komplementære baser. As used in the present description and in the claims, the following terms are defined as: - nucleotide: a subunit of nucleic acid consisting of a phosphate group, a sugar with 5 carbon atoms and a nitrogen-containing base. In RNA, the sugar with 5 carbon atoms is ribose. In DNA there is 2-deoxyribose. The term also includes analogues of such subunits. - nucleotide multimer: a chain of nucleotides linked by means of phosphordiester bonds or analogues thereof. - oli<g>onucleotide: a nucleotide multimer with a length of generally from about 10 to about 100 nucleotides, but which may have a length greater than 100 nucleotides. They are usually thought to be synthesized from nucleotide monomers, but can also be obtained by enzymatic methods. -<p>olvnucleotide: a nucleotide multimer with a length of generally about 100 nucleotides. These are usually of biological origin or are obtained using enzymatic methods. - nucleotide multimer probe: a nucleotide multimer with a nucleotide sequence complementary to a target nucleotide sequence contained in another nucleotide multimer, usually a polynucleotide. The probe is usually chosen to be perfectly complementary to the corresponding base in the target sequence. In some cases, however, it may be appropriate or even desirable that one or more of the nucleotides in the probe is not complementary to the corresponding base in the target sequence, or that different residues of synthetic origin either replace a nucleotide in the probe or are inserted between the bases in the probe . The sample is typically labeled. - oleonucleotide probe: a probe of synthetic or enzymatic origin with less than 100 nucleotides, but which may contain more than 200 nucleotides. - h<y>bridiserin<g>: the formation of a "hybrid", which is the complex formed between two nucleotide multimers by Watson-Crick base pairing between the complementary bases.
Oppsummering av oppfinnelsen.Summary of the invention.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringer således et reagens som er passende for fremstilling av et 5<1->hydroksysubstituert nukleotid. Nukleotidet er vanligvis det siste nukleotid i en biologisk eller syntetisk nukleotid-multimer, typisk den sistnevnte. Etter at den ønskede sekvens er syntetisert ved anvendelse av en standard nukleotid-multimer fast-fasesyntese avbeskyttes 5'-hydroksy i det siste nukleotid, og kan deretter omsettes med en passende koblingsgruppe på den foreliggende reagens for å tilveiebringe en substituert nukleotid-multimer. En bindingsrest på reagenset er beskyttet ved hjelp av en acylfunksjonell gruppe, som inhiberer reagenspolymerisering under det foregående koblingstrinn. Bindingsresten kan deretter avbeskyttes under de samme ikke-gunstige alkaliske betingelser som typisk anvendes for å avbeskytte eksocykliske aminer, etter fast-fasesyntese av en nukleotid-multimer. Således kan avbeskyttelse av den acylbeskyttede bindingsrest og eksocykliske aminer gjennomføres samtidig, uten at man trenger ytterligere trinn i tillegg til dem som anvendes i standard nukleotid fast-fasesyntese. Den oppnådde substituerte nukleotid-multimer har således en 5'-"bindingsarm" som kan bindes til anvendbare rester, slik som ikke-isotopmarkører. The present invention thus provides a reagent suitable for the preparation of a 5<1->hydroxy substituted nucleotide. The nucleotide is usually the last nucleotide in a biological or synthetic nucleotide multimer, typically the latter. After the desired sequence is synthesized using a standard nucleotide multimer solid-phase synthesis, the 5'-hydroxy of the last nucleotide is deprotected, and can then be reacted with an appropriate linking group on the present reagent to provide a substituted nucleotide multimer. A binding residue on the reagent is protected by means of an acyl functional group, which inhibits reagent polymerization during the preceding coupling step. The binding residue can then be deprotected under the same non-favorable alkaline conditions typically used to deprotect exocyclic amines, following solid-phase synthesis of a nucleotide multimer. Thus, deprotection of the acyl-protected binding residue and exocyclic amines can be carried out simultaneously, without the need for further steps in addition to those used in standard nucleotide solid-phase synthesis. The resulting substituted nucleotide multimer thus has a 5' "binding arm" which can be attached to useful residues, such as non-isotopic markers.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringer således, i sitt brede omfang, et reagens som er passende for fremstilling av et 5'-hydroksysubstituert nukleotid (igjen, typisk et terminalt nukleotid på en nukleotid-multimer), idet reagenset har formelen: The present invention thus provides, in its broad scope, a reagent suitable for the preparation of a 5'-hydroxy substituted nucleotide (again, typically a terminal nucleotide of a nucleotide multimer), the reagent having the formula:
dersom XI = svovel, n = 1, if XI = sulfur, n = 1,
dersom XI = aminogruppe, n = 1 eller 2,if XI = amino group, n = 1 or 2,
m = enten 1, 2 og 3.m = either 1, 2 and 3.
I den ovennevnte formel er Y en ikke-nukleotidbasert koblingsgruppe, RI er en ikke-nukleotid hovedkjede, XI er en beskyttet bindingsrest valgt fra svovel eller en aminogruppe (som In the above formula, Y is a non-nucleotide-based linking group, RI is a non-nucleotide backbone, XI is a protected binding residue selected from sulfur or an amino group (as
omfatter substituerte aminogrupper hvori amino N er bundet til RI og karbonylkarbonet i den beskyttende gruppe). Acylgruppen comprises substituted amino groups in which amino N is bound to RI and the carbonyl carbon of the protecting group). The acyl group
er en beskyttelsesgruppe for XI, som kan kuttes (under betingelser beskrevet under), til å gi en bindingsgruppe H-X1-. Ved enhver bestanddel som er "ikke-nukleotid" menes at strukturen av denne bestanddel er slik at den "ikke i betydelig grad deltar i hybridisering", idet nevnte struktur f.eks. ikke må delta i noen betydelig hydrogenbinding med et nukleotid, og vil utelukke strukturer som har en av de fem nukleotidbasene eller analoger derav som en bestanddel. Y velges slik at den er i stand til å koble RI til 5'-hydroksy av et nukleotid, under koblingsbetingelser som er ikke-ugunstige. Ved "ikke-ugunstige" betingelser menes betingelser som er slik at de ikke i vesentlig grad skadelig påvirker polymerhovedkjeden og dens sukker, base, linkerarm eller andre bestanddeler, og heller ikke monomerreagensene. is a protecting group for XI, which can be cleaved (under conditions described below) to give a linking group H-X1-. Any component which is "non-nucleotide" means that the structure of this component is such that it "does not participate to a significant extent in hybridisation", as said structure e.g. must not participate in any significant hydrogen bonding with a nucleotide, and will exclude structures that have one of the five nucleotide bases or analogs thereof as a constituent. Y is chosen such that it is capable of coupling RI to the 5'-hydroxy of a nucleotide, under coupling conditions that are not unfavorable. By "non-adverse" conditions is meant conditions which are such that they do not substantially adversely affect the polymer backbone and its sugar, base, linker arm or other constituents, nor the monomer reagents.
Videre, i ovennevnte formel, representerer m et passende antall R2 for å tilfredsstille den normale tetravalensen for karbon. Hver R2 kan være del av en cyklisk gruppe. Hver R2 kan også være like eller forskjellige, idet det viktigste er at de velges slik at ct-karbonet i acylgruppen har en elektronegativitet slik at XI ikke avbeskyttes i vesentlig grad under koblingsbetingelsene (og således er reagenspolymerisering derved inhibert), men avbeskyttes under ikke-ugunstige alkaliske betingelser for å tillate XI å binde til en eller annen anvendbar rest under ikke-ugunstige betingelser. I dette henseendet er et mål på elektronegativiteten av R2mgitt ved Hammett ligningen (for en redegjørelse for anvendelse av denne ligning og en tabell av substituentparametre, se J. Connolly Martin, "Quantitative Drug Design, A Critical Introduction", Marcell Dekker,Inc., NY, 1978): Furthermore, in the above formula, m represents a suitable number of R 2 to satisfy the normal tetravalence for carbon. Each R2 can be part of a cyclic group. Each R2 can also be the same or different, the most important thing being that they are chosen so that the ct-carbon in the acyl group has an electronegativity so that XI is not deprotected to a significant extent under the coupling conditions (and thus reagent polymerization is thereby inhibited), but is deprotected under non- unfavorable alkaline conditions to allow XI to bind to some useful residue under non-favorable conditions. In this regard, a measure of the electronegativity of R2m is given by the Hammett equation (for an explanation of the application of this equation and a table of substituent parameters, see J. Connolly Martin, "Quantitative Drug Design, A Critical Introduction", Marcell Dekker, Inc., NY, 1978):
som, som beskrevet over, er definert for ioniseringen av parasubstituerte benzosyrer i vandig løsning, hvori: k = likevektskonstant for ionisering av parasubstituert which, as described above, is defined for the ionization of para-substituted benzoic acids in aqueous solution, where: k = equilibrium constant for the ionization of para-substituted
benzosyre.benzoic acid.
ko = likevektskonstant for ionisering av benzosyre.ko = equilibrium constant for ionization of benzoic acid.
P = en konstant, definert som 1,0 0 for ioniseringen av P = a constant, defined as 1.0 0 for the ionization of
benzosyre i vann ved 25°C.benzoic acid in water at 25°C.
Op = en empirisk bestemt verdi for en spesiell parasub-stituent. Op = an empirically determined value for a particular parasubstituent.
Positive verdier av ap gjenspeiler elektrontiltreknings-potensialet for en bestemt substituent. Positive values of ap reflect the electron-withdrawing potential of a particular substituent.
I det foretrukne tilfellet av den foreliggende oppfinnelse hvor hver R2 er F (d.v.s. beskyttelsesgruppen er trifluoracetyl), er Op (F-) 0,15, og Op (CF3-) er lik 0,54. Det forutsies imidlertid at andre passende R2mC-grupper kan omfatte CI3C- (øp = In the preferred case of the present invention where each R 2 is F (i.e. the protecting group is trifluoroacetyl), Op (F-) is 0.15, and Op (CF 3 -) is equal to 0.54. However, it is predicted that other suitable R2mC groups may include CI3C- (øp =
0,33), N C (Op = 0,66), CF3CF2- (ap = 0,52), CH3C- (ap = 0,50), CH3O-C- (op = 0,45), eller hvor XI = N og n = 2, kan også omfatte grupper som danner cykliske N-grupper. 0.33), N C (Op = 0.66), CF3CF2- (ap = 0.52), CH3C- (ap = 0.50), CH3O-C- (op = 0.45), or where XI = N and n = 2, may also include groups that form cyclic N groups.
En rekke av de aminobeskyttende grupper som vanligvis anvendes innen teknikken for proteinmodifiseringer kan også forutsies å tjene som passende aminobeskyttende grupper i den foreliggende oppfinnelse. (For en redegjørelse vedrørende protein-aminobeskyttende grupper, se The Peptides, bind 3, Protection of Functional Groups in Peptide Synthesis", ed. E. Gross og A number of the amino protecting groups commonly used in the art of protein modifications can also be predicted to serve as suitable amino protecting groups in the present invention. (For an account of protein amino-protecting groups, see The Peptides, Volume 3, Protection of Functional Groups in Peptide Synthesis", ed. E. Gross and
J. Meinhofer, Academic Press, 1981). Disse inkluderer trifluoracetyl, ftaloyl og maleoyl. J. Meinhofer, Academic Press, 1981). These include trifluoroacetyl, phthaloyl and maleoyl.
Foretrukket er derfor XI = N, og minst en, og foretrukket hver R2 er valgt fra et halogen (mest foretrukket er hver R2 fluor). RI vil typisk være alkyl, og er ønskelig en acyklisk hydrokarbonkjede med fra 1 til 10 karbonatomer. Preferred is therefore XI = N, and at least one, and preferably each R 2 is selected from a halogen (most preferably each R 2 is fluorine). RI will typically be alkyl, and is desirably an acyclic hydrocarbon chain with from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
-Y velges foretrukket fra gruppene med formel:-Y is preferably selected from the groups with formula:
I ovennevnte formler er: In the above formulas are:
X^ = halogen (foretrukket Cl) eller substituert amino (foretrukket et dialkylamino eller heterocyklisk N-amin) , X^ = halogen (preferably Cl) or substituted amino (preferably a dialkylamino or heterocyclic N-amine),
X-<*>= halogen (foretrukket Cl) , amino (foretrukket et ;heterocyklisk N-amino), eller 0~,;R-<*>= alkyl, foretrukket alkoksy valgt fra metoksy, etoksy, X-<*>= halogen (preferably Cl), amino (preferably a ;heterocyclic N-amino), or 0~,;R-<*>= alkyl, preferred alkoxy selected from methoxy, ethoxy,
klorfenoksy, eller (3-cyanoetoksy, eller aryloksy,chlorophenoxy, or (3-cyanoethoxy, or aryloxy,
R<4>= alkyl, foretrukket alkoksy valgt fra metoksy, etoksy eller p-cyanoetoksy, aryloksy, slik som klorfenoksy, eller H kun dersom X3 = -0~. R<4>= alkyl, preferably alkoxy selected from methoxy, ethoxy or p-cyanoethoxy, aryloxy, such as chlorophenoxy, or H only if X3 = -0~.
En fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av en nukleotid-multimer, som har en bindingsrest i 5'-hydroksystillingen er også gitt, idet man ved fremgangsmåten anvender reagenser av typen som er beskrevet over, og den gjennomføres under ikke-ugunstige betingelser. Fremgangsmåten omfatter først kobling av RI gjennom Y (d.v.s. at Y tjener som koblingsgruppen og hele eller en del av Y blir eller blir ikke igjen etter faktisk kobling), til 5' hydroksy av et terminalt nukleotid i en nukleotid- multimer. Deretter utsettes det oppnådde produkt for ikke-ugunstige alkaliske betingelser for samtidig å avbeskytte alle bindingsrestene og alle beskyttede eksocykliske aminer og fosfater. A method for the production of a nucleotide multimer, which has a binding residue in the 5'-hydroxy position is also provided, in that the method uses reagents of the type described above, and it is carried out under non-adverse conditions. The method first comprises coupling RI through Y (i.e. Y serves as the coupling group and all or part of Y remains or does not remain after actual coupling), to the 5' hydroxy of a terminal nucleotide in a nucleotide multimer. The obtained product is then exposed to non-adverse alkaline conditions to simultaneously deprotect all the binding residues and all protected exocyclic amines and phosphates.
Tegninger.Drawings.
Utførelsesformer av den foreliggende oppfinnelse vil nå bli beskrevet med henvisning til tegningene, hvori: Fig. 1 viser syntesen av et reagens i henhold til oppfin nelsen, Fig. 2 viser syntesen av en substituert nukleotid-multimer i Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows the synthesis of a reagent according to the invention nelsen, Fig. 2 shows the synthesis of a substituted nucleotide multimer i
henhold til den foreliggende oppfinnelse, ogaccording to the present invention, and
Fig. 3 viser en fremgangsmåte for merking av den substituerte nukleotid-multimer fremstilt ved hjelp av fremgangsmåten vist i fig. 2, ved binding av en biotinmarkør til aminbindingsresten på den først-nevnte . Fig. 3 shows a method for labeling the substituted nucleotide multimer produced by means of the method shown in fig. 2, by binding a biotin marker to the amine binding residue on the first-mentioned .
Detaljert beskrivelse av utførelsesformer av oppfinnelsen. Eksemplene 1-5 under viser forskjellige aspekter av den foreliggende oppfinnelse. Særlig eksempel 1 beskriver detaljert syntesen av et reagens i henhold til den foreliggende oppfinnelse. Eksempel 2 beskriver syntesen av en substituert nukleotid-multimer i henhold til den foreliggende oppfinnelse, ved hjelp av en koblingsreaksjon mellom reagenset fremstilt i eksempel 1 og en syntetisk nukleotid-multimer. Eksempel 3 illustrerer ytterligere syntesen av andre substituerte nukleotid-multimerer i henhold til oppfinnelsen, mens eksemplene 4 og 5 illustrerer binding av en markør til en slik substituert nukleotid-multimer. Detailed description of embodiments of the invention. Examples 1-5 below show different aspects of the present invention. Example 1 in particular describes in detail the synthesis of a reagent according to the present invention. Example 2 describes the synthesis of a substituted nucleotide multimer according to the present invention, by means of a coupling reaction between the reagent prepared in example 1 and a synthetic nucleotide multimer. Example 3 further illustrates the synthesis of other substituted nucleotide multimers according to the invention, while examples 4 and 5 illustrate binding of a marker to such a substituted nucleotide multimer.
Eksempel 1Example 1
Fig. 1 viser reaksjonsskjemaet for følgende syntese. Fig. 1 shows the reaction scheme for the following synthesis.
Materialer: 6-amino-l-heksanol, 5-etyltrifluortioacetat, N,N-diisopropyletylamin og N,N-diisopropylamino-klormetoksyfosfin var produkter fra Aldrich Fine Chemicals, Milwaukee, WI. Materials: 6-amino-l-hexanol, 5-ethyltrifluorothioacetate, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, and N,N-diisopropylamino-chloromethoxyphosphine were products of Aldrich Fine Chemicals, Milwaukee, WI.
(a) 6- trifluoracetamido- l- heksanol (IV)(a) 6-trifluoroacetamido-l-hexanol (IV)
Til en slurry under omrøring av 6-aminoheksanol (II) (1,17 g, 10 mmol) i vannfri etylacetat (15 ml) ble det tilsatt dråpevis S-etyltrifluortioacetat (2 ml, 15 mmol). En klar løsning ble oppnådd så snart tilsetningen av S-etyltrifluortioacetat var fullstendig. Etter omrøring av reaksjonsblandingen ved romtemperatur i fem timer ble ytterligere 0,5 ml S-etyltrifluortioacetat tilsatt. Etter omrøring av reaksjonsblandingen 1 ytterligere en halv time indikerte silikageltynnsjikt-kromatografi i acetondiklormetan, forhold 5:7, at utgangsfor-bindelsen aminoheksanol (II) var forsvunnet (ninhydrin-spray). Visualisering av TLC-platen etter spraying med 0,1 M piperidin etterfulgt av, etter 15 minutter, spraying med ninhydrin og oppvarming av platen til 110°C i to til tre minutter viste en raskere bevegende bred flekk nær løsningsmiddelfronten (Rf 0,85). Petroleumeter (60 ml) ble tilsatt til reaksjonsblandingen og den turbide løsning ble lagret ved -20°C i 16 timer til å gi fargeløst pulver som ble vasket med kald (-20°C) petroleumeter (3 x 5 ml). Produktet ble deretter tørket forsiktig under vakuum og deretter behandlet med 5 ml 10 % pyridinvannblanding i ti minutter for å avhydrolysere enhver Q-trifluoracetylgruppe som er blitt dannet under oppnåelse av III. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert til tørrhet, resten ble ko-avdampet med pyridin (4 x 10 ml) til å gi 1,1 g (471) av forbindelse IV i form av en gummi. To a stirred slurry of 6-aminohexanol (II) (1.17 g, 10 mmol) in anhydrous ethyl acetate (15 mL) was added dropwise S-ethyltrifluorothioacetate (2 mL, 15 mmol). A clear solution was obtained as soon as the addition of S-ethyltrifluorothioacetate was complete. After stirring the reaction mixture at room temperature for five hours, a further 0.5 ml of S-ethyltrifluorothioacetate was added. After stirring the reaction mixture 1 for another half hour, silica gel thin-layer chromatography in acetone dichloromethane, ratio 5:7, indicated that the starting compound aminohexanol (II) had disappeared (ninhydrin spray). Visualization of the TLC plate after spraying with 0.1 M piperidine followed, after 15 minutes, by spraying with ninhydrin and heating the plate to 110°C for two to three minutes showed a faster moving broad spot near the solvent front (Rf 0.85) . Petroleum ether (60 mL) was added to the reaction mixture and the turbid solution was stored at -20°C for 16 hours to give a colorless powder which was washed with cold (-20°C) petroleum ether (3 x 5 mL). The product was then carefully dried under vacuum and then treated with 5 mL of 10% pyridine-water mixture for ten minutes to dehydrolyze any Q-trifluoroacetyl groups that have formed in obtaining III. The reaction mixture was concentrated to dryness, the residue was co-evaporated with pyridine (4 x 10 mL) to give 1.1 g (471) of compound IV as a gum.
(b) 6- trifluoracetamidoheksan- l- N. N- diisopropvlamino-metoksvfosfin I (b) 6-trifluoroacetamidohexane-1-N.N-diisopropylamino-methoxyphosphine I
Til en løsning under omrøring av forbindelse IV (0,426 g,To a stirred solution of compound IV (0.426 g,
2 mmol) i tørr THF (10 ml) ble det tilsatt, under argon, N,N-diisopropyletylamin (1,4 ml, 8 mmol) etterfulgt av tilsetning av N,N-diisopropylaminoklor-metoksyfosfin (0,79 g, 4 mmol). Reaksjonsblandingen ble omrørt ved romtemperatur i en halv time hvoretter det hvite presipitat ble avfiltrert. Filtratet ble fortynnet med etylacetat (60 ml) og vasket med en 5 % natrium-karbonatløsning (3 x 15 ml). Det organiske lag ble deretter tørket over MgSC>4 og avdampet til å gi en mobil sirup som ble tørket i vakuum i 16 timer til å gi 0,7 g (94 %) av den ønskede forbindelse I som ble anvendt uten ytterligere rensing. 2 mmol) in dry THF (10 mL) was added, under argon, N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.4 mL, 8 mmol) followed by the addition of N,N-diisopropylaminochloromethoxyphosphine (0.79 g, 4 mmol ). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for half an hour, after which the white precipitate was filtered off. The filtrate was diluted with ethyl acetate (60 mL) and washed with a 5% sodium carbonate solution (3 x 15 mL). The organic layer was then dried over MgSO4 and evaporated to give a mobile syrup which was dried in vacuo for 16 hours to give 0.7 g (94%) of the desired compound I which was used without further purification.
Tilstedeværelsen av det ønskede fosforamiditt (I) ble bekreftet ved hjelp av<31>P NMR (i CD3CN, trimetylfosfat, ekstern standard): (ppm) 117,4. The presence of the desired phosphoramidite (I) was confirmed by <31>P NMR (in CD 3 CN, trimethyl phosphate, external standard): (ppm) 117.4.
Eksempel 2: Automatisk kobling av amino- linker I med de Example 2: Automatic coupling of amino links I with de
syntetiske DNA- fragmentersynthetic DNA fragments
Reaksjonsskjerna i fig. 2 viser trinnene som er involvert i den automatiske syntese av en nukleotid-multimer etterfulgt av den automatiske tilsetning av amin-linkerreagenset I. Syntese ved hjelp av en polymerbærer av en nukleotid-multimer med definert sekvens ble først gjennomført ved anvendelse av enten et The reaction core in fig. 2 shows the steps involved in the automatic synthesis of a nucleotide multimer followed by the automatic addition of the amine linker reagent I. Synthesis by means of a polymer support of a nucleotide multimer of defined sequence was first carried out using either a
Applied Biosystems ("ABI") modell 380A, eller en Biosearch modell 8600 DNA-syntetisator, ved anvendelse av en modifisert Applied Biosystems ("ABI") Model 380A, or a Biosearch Model 8600 DNA Synthesizer, using a modified
versjon av leverandørens synteseprogram. Denne modifisering gjør bruk av et basisk vandig vasketrinn (10 % vann i 2 % version of the supplier's synthesis program. This modification makes use of a basic aqueous wash step (10% water in 2%
pyridin-THF) før oksydasjonstrinnet (se fig. 2). Denne modifikasjon ble innlemmet for å minimalisere bireaksjoner i den totale syntese. pyridine-THF) before the oxidation step (see Fig. 2). This modification was incorporated to minimize side reactions in the total synthesis.
Den automatiserte kobling av amin-linkeren I ble gjennomført ved at den innføres, som en 0,2 molar løsning i acetonitril, i stilling nr. 6 på ABI 380 A DNA syntetisatoren. Ved anvendelse av metoden ble amino-linkeren tilføyd til 5'-hydroksylgruppen i den harpiksbundne N-beskyttede oligomer på samme måte som 5'-dimetoksytrityl-N-beskyttet nukleosid p-cyanoetylfosforami-ditter med generell struktur V tilføyes. Etter en endelig vasking med en basisk vannholdig løsning og oksydasjonstrinn, ble den harpiksbundne oligomer avspaltet fra harpiksen ved behandling med konsentrert vandig NH4OH ved romtemperatur i en time. Oligomeren ble deretter avbeskyttet ved at NH4OH-løsningen oppvarmes ved 5 5°C i 16 timer. Dette trinn avbe-skytter samtidig eksocykliske aminer av nukleotidene, og bindingsaminresten (ved spalting av trifluoracetyl til å gi et primært amin). Etter avdamping av ammoniumhydroksydløsningen ble det urene produkt deretter renset ved elektroforese på en 12 % polyakrylamid - 7M ureagel. Bånd ble visualisert ved The automated coupling of the amine linker I was carried out by introducing it, as a 0.2 molar solution in acetonitrile, into position no. 6 of the ABI 380 A DNA synthesizer. Using the method, the amino linker was added to the 5'-hydroxyl group in the resin-bound N-protected oligomer in the same way that 5'-dimethoxytrityl-N-protected nucleoside p-cyanoethyl phosphoramidites of general structure V are added. After a final wash with a basic aqueous solution and oxidation step, the resin-bound oligomer was cleaved from the resin by treatment with concentrated aqueous NH 4 OH at room temperature for one hour. The oligomer was then deprotected by heating the NH4OH solution at 55°C for 16 hours. This step simultaneously deprotects exocyclic amines of the nucleotides, and the binding amine residue (by cleavage of trifluoroacetyl to give a primary amine). After evaporation of the ammonium hydroxide solution, the impure product was then purified by electrophoresis on a 12% polyacrylamide - 7M urea gel. Bands were visualized by
anvendelse av en UV-skyggingsteknikk, hvorved en fluorescerende tynnsjiktkromatografiplate ble plassert under gelen og en UV- application of a UV shadowing technique, whereby a fluorescent thin-layer chromatography plate was placed under the gel and a UV
lampe ble holdt over gelen. Den linker-modifiserte oligomer ga et bånd som vandret saktere på gelen enn den umodifiserte oligomer. Det linker-modifiserte bånd ble deretter skåret ut fra gelen og ekstrahert med 0,1M NH4OAc (pH 7,5) og deretter avsaltet gjennom en Sephadex G-25 kolonne for å oppnå det rene 5'-hydroksysubstituerte nukleotid X. Basert på intensiteten av de relative bånd fra polyakrylamidgelen (UV-skyggingsmetode) ble koblingen av amin-linkeren estimert til mere enn 90 %. lamp was held over the gel. The linker-modified oligomer produced a band that migrated more slowly on the gel than the unmodified oligomer. The linker-modified band was then excised from the gel and extracted with 0.1 M NH4OAc (pH 7.5) and then desalted through a Sephadex G-25 column to obtain the pure 5'-hydroxy substituted nucleotide X. Based on the intensity of the relative bands from the polyacrylamide gel (UV shading method), the coupling of the amine linker was estimated to be more than 90%.
Eksempel 3Example 3
Ved anvendelse av den ovennevnte prosedyre ble følgende substituerte syntetiske nukleotid-multimerer med amino-linkeren i 5'-enden syntetisert og renset. Det vil forstås at substituert nukleotid X, eller hvilken som helst av disse substituerte nukleotider under kan anvendes som probe for å påvise en komplementær targetnukleotidsekvens. I slike tilfeller vil selvfølgelig en passende markør typisk være bundet til aminbindingsdelen. Using the above procedure, the following substituted synthetic nucleotide multimers with the amino linker at the 5' end were synthesized and purified. It will be understood that substituted nucleotide X, or any of these substituted nucleotides below can be used as a probe to detect a complementary target nucleotide sequence. In such cases, of course, a suitable label will typically be attached to the amine binding moiety.
I hvert tilfelle beveget den substituerte syntetiske oligomer seg senere enn den usubstituerte oligomer som vist ved UV- In each case, the substituted synthetic oligomer moved later than the unsubstituted oligomer as shown by UV-
skygging av 12 % akrylamid-7M ureagel.shading of 12% acrylamide-7M urea gel.
Eksempel 4Example 4
For å vise at aminresten i de ovennevnte substituerte nukleotider er passende for binding til en markør, ble den bundet til biotin. Reaksjonsskjemaet for slik binding og påfølgende konjugering av det biotinmerkede substituerte nukleotid er vist i fig. 3. To show that the amine residue in the above substituted nucleotides is suitable for binding to a label, it was bound to biotin. The reaction scheme for such binding and subsequent conjugation of the biotin-labelled substituted nucleotide is shown in fig. 3.
(a) Biotinvlerina:(a) Biotinvlerine:
For å forenkle målingen ble 5'-aminobundet syntetisk deoksy-oligonukleotid som er detaljert beskrevet i eksempel 3(b) først merket i dens 3'-0H terminale ende ved anvendelse av a- 32P(TTP) og terminal deoksynukleotidyl transferase ved følgende standard metode etter Tu og Cohen (Gene, 10, 177). Resultatet er To facilitate the measurement, the 5'-amino-linked synthetic deoxy-oligonucleotide detailed in Example 3(b) was first labeled at its 3'-OH terminal end using α-32P(TTP) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase by the following standard method after Tu and Cohen (Gene, 10, 177). The result is
forbindelse XI.compound XI.
For biotinylering ble 5 pmol frysetørket 3' -32° merket probe (XI) inkubert med 0,2M natriumborat (pH 9,0) (5 ml), dimetyl-sulfoksyd (4 ml) og 30 mmol biotin-x-NHS (Calbiochem-Belving Corp., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.) (1 ml) ved romtemperatur i en time. Reaksjonsblandingen ble deretter etanolpresipitert to ganger ved tilsetning av 250 ml 0,3M natriumacetat, 750 ml etanol og 20 ug glykogen. Pelleten av produktet XIII ble oppløst i 20 ml H20. For biotinylation, 5 pmol of freeze-dried 3' -32° labeled probe (XI) was incubated with 0.2 M sodium borate (pH 9.0) (5 ml), dimethyl sulfoxide (4 ml) and 30 mmol biotin-x-NHS (Calbiochem -Belving Corp., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.) (1 ml) at room temperature for one hour. The reaction mixture was then ethanol precipitated twice by adding 250 ml of 0.3M sodium acetate, 750 ml of ethanol and 20 µg of glycogen. The pellet of product XIII was dissolved in 20 ml of H 2 O.
(b) Strentavidin- koni uaat:(b) Strentavidin cone uaat:
Påvisningen av tilstedeværelsen av biotinrest på den ovennevnte merkede probe XIII ble gjennomført ved konjugering av den biotinylerte probe med streptavidin-agarose i overensstemmelse med følgende prosedyre: The detection of the presence of the biotin residue on the above-mentioned labeled probe XIII was carried out by conjugation of the biotinylated probe with streptavidin-agarose according to the following procedure:
100 ul streptavidin-agaroseslurry ble tilført til to100 µl of streptavidin-agarose slurry was added to two
1,5 ml Eppendorph-rør (Bethesda Research Labs, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, U.S.A.). Til det ene rør ble det tilsatt 1 mg biotin (Calbiochem-Behring Corp., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.) i 500 pl vaskebuffer (vaskebuffer bestå av 500 mM fosfatbuffer, 2 mM EDTA, 0,5M natriumklorid, pH 7,4). Etter omrøring ved romtemperatur i 15 minutter ble 2 yl av løsningen av merket probe XII tilsatt og reaksjonsblandingen ble omrørt ved 1.5 ml Eppendorf tubes (Bethesda Research Labs, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, U.S.A.). To one tube was added 1 mg of biotin (Calbiochem-Behring Corp., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.) in 500 µl of wash buffer (wash buffer consists of 500 mM phosphate buffer, 2 mM EDTA, 0.5 M sodium chloride, pH 7.4) . After stirring at room temperature for 15 minutes, 2 µl of the solution of labeled probe XII was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at
romtemperatur i 30 minutter.room temperature for 30 minutes.
Til det andre rør ble det tilsatt 500 yl vaskebuffer og 2 yl av løsningen av biotinylert probe og blandingen ble omrørt ved romtemperatur i 45 minutter. To the second tube, 500 µl of wash buffer and 2 µl of the solution of biotinylated probe were added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 45 minutes.
Begge rørene ble deretter sentrifugert og supernatanten ble fjernet og merket som Sl og S2. Agarosegelene i form av pelleter ble vasket igjen med 500 pl vaskebuffer og supernatanten kombinert med henholdsvis Sl og S2. Hver av restene ble suspendert i 500 ul vaskebuffer og mengden 32p ble målt ved Cerenkov-scintillasjonstelling. Both tubes were then centrifuged and the supernatant was removed and labeled as S1 and S2. The agarose gels in the form of pellets were washed again with 500 µl washing buffer and the supernatant combined with Sl and S2 respectively. Each of the residues was suspended in 500 µl of wash buffer and the amount of 32p was measured by Cerenkov scintillation counting.
Resultatene viser klart dannelsen av biotinstreptavidinaddukt som i sin tur videre viser tilstedeværelsen av aminobinding på proben. The results clearly show the formation of biotin streptavidin adduct which in turn further shows the presence of amino bond on the probe.
Eksempel 5Example 5
B. Merking av aminlinkerarmprobe med akridiniumester og B. Labeling of amine linker arm probe with acridinium ester and
påfølgende rensning.subsequent cleaning.
En 25mM stamløsning av akridiniumester (for sammensetning henvises til I. Weeks et al., Clin. Chem., bind 29, side 1474, 1983) ble fremstilt i destillert DMSO. Aminlinkerproben beskrevet over i eksempel 3(b) ble avdampet til tørrhet i 1,5 ml koniske polypropylenrør. Følgende væskeblanding ble fremstilt ved tilsetning av følgende bestanddeler i den gitte rekkefølge: A 25mM stock solution of acridinium ester (for composition refer to I. Weeks et al., Clin. Chem., vol. 29, page 1474, 1983) was prepared in distilled DMSO. The amine linker probe described above in Example 3(b) was evaporated to dryness in 1.5 ml conical polypropylene tubes. The following liquid mixture was prepared by adding the following ingredients in the order given:
3 pl H203 pl H20
1 pl IM HEPES (8,0)1 pl IM HEPES (8.0)
4 pl DMSO (destillert)4 pl DMSO (distilled)
2 pl 25 mM akridiniumester i DMSO (destillert) 2 µl 25 mM acridinium ester in DMSO (distilled)
Blandingen ble vortexblandet, sentrifugert i en mikrosentrifuge i to sekunder (for å bringe innholdene til bunnen av røret), og inkubert ved 37°C i 20 minutter. Ved dette punkt ble følgende bestanddeler tilsatt til reaksjonsvæskeblandingen i rekkefølgen som er gitt i det følgende: The mixture was vortexed, centrifuged in a microcentrifuge for two seconds (to bring the contents to the bottom of the tube), and incubated at 37°C for 20 minutes. At this point, the following ingredients were added to the reaction liquid mixture in the order given below:
3,0 pl 25 mM akridiniumester i DMSO (destillert)3.0 µl 25 mM acridinium ester in DMSO (distilled)
1,5ul H20 1.5ul H2O
0,5 ul IM HEPES (8,0)0.5 µl IM HEPES (8.0)
Væskeblandingen ble vortexblandet på nytt, sentrifugert og inkubert ytterligere 20 minutter ved 37°C. Den ureagerte markør ble uskadeliggjort ved anvendelse av et 5-ganger overskudd av lysin ved tilsetning av 5 ul 0,125M lysin i 0,1M HEPES (8,0), 50 % DMSO, og inkubert i fem minutter ved romtemperatur. The liquid mixture was again vortexed, centrifuged and incubated for an additional 20 minutes at 37°C. The unreacted label was neutralized using a 5-fold excess of lysine by adding 5 µl of 0.125M lysine in 0.1M HEPES (8.0), 50% DMSO, and incubating for five minutes at room temperature.
Ved dette punkt i prosedyren ble den akridiniumestermerkede oligomer renset ved anvendelse av følgende metode. Til 20 ul av den uskadeliggjorte reaksjonsblanding ble 30 ul 3M NaOAc (5,0), 245 ul H20 og 5 ul glykogen tilsatt som en bærer (glykogenet ble forbehandlet for å fjerne enhver nuklease-aktivitet). Prøven ble vortexblandet forsiktig og 64 ml absolutt EtOH ble tilsatt. Prøven ble forsiktig vortexblandet og inkubert på is i fem til ti minutter og deretter sentrifugert i fem minutter ved 15.000 rpm i en mikrosentrifuge. Supernatanten ble forsiktig fjernet og pelleten ble oppløst på nytt i 20 ul 0,IM NaOAc (5,0), 0,1 % SDS. Prøven ble ytterligere renset ved ionebytter-høytrykksvæskekromatografi (HPLC) som følger: 20 ul gjenoppløst pellet ble injisert på en nukleogen-DEAE 60-7 ionebytter HPLC-kolonne montert i et IBM 9533 HPLC-system. Alle bufferne anvendt i prosessen var fremstilt med kvalitetsbestemt vann for HPLC, acetonitril (CH3CN) og natriumacetat (NaOAc), og iseddik (HOAc) og LiCl med reagensrenhet. I tillegg ble alle bufferne filtrert gjennom nylon-66 filtere med porestørrelse 0,45 \ m før anvendelse. Buffer A var 20 mM NaOAc, pH 5,5, 20 % CH3CN, og IM LiCl. Eluering ble oppnådd med en lineær gradient fra 5 5 % buffer A, 45 % buffer B til 30 % buffer A, 70 % buffer B i 25 minutter ved strømningshastighet på 1 ml/min. Absorbans ved 260 nm ble målt under kjøring, fraksjoner på 0,5 ml ble samlet i koniske polypropylenrør på 1,5 ml. Umidddelbart etter kjøringen ble 5 pl 10 % SDS tilsatt til hvert rør etterfulgt av vortexblanding av hvert rør (denne ble gjennomført for å sikre at akridiniumestermerket probe ikke klebet til rørveggene). En 0,5 pl prøve ble fjernet fra fraksjonene 21-42 og tilsatt til 200 pl vann i et 12 x 75 mm rør (en separat pipettespiss ble anvendt for hver prøve for å unngå overføringsproblemer). Kjemiluminiscensen for hver prøve ble deretter bestemt i en Berthold Clinilumat ved automatisk injeksjon av 200 pl 0,25 N HNO3, 0,1 % H2O2, etterfulgt av, etter et opphold på ett sekund, 200 pl IN NaOH og kjemiluminiscensen ble avlest i ti sekunder. At this point in the procedure, the acridinium ester-labeled oligomer was purified using the following method. To 20 µl of the denatured reaction mixture, 30 µl 3M NaOAc (5.0), 245 µl H 2 O and 5 µl glycogen were added as a carrier (the glycogen was pretreated to remove any nuclease activity). The sample was gently vortexed and 64 mL of absolute EtOH was added. The sample was gently vortexed and incubated on ice for five to ten minutes and then centrifuged for five minutes at 15,000 rpm in a microcentrifuge. The supernatant was carefully removed and the pellet was redissolved in 20 µl 0.1M NaOAc (5.0), 0.1% SDS. The sample was further purified by ion-exchange high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) as follows: 20 µl of redissolved pellet was injected onto a Nucleogen-DEAE 60-7 ion-exchange HPLC column mounted in an IBM 9533 HPLC system. All the buffers used in the process were prepared with quality determined water for HPLC, acetonitrile (CH3CN) and sodium acetate (NaOAc), and glacial acetic acid (HOAc) and LiCl with reagent purity. In addition, all buffers were filtered through nylon-66 filters with a pore size of 0.45 µm before use. Buffer A was 20 mM NaOAc, pH 5.5, 20% CH 3 CN, and IM LiCl. Elution was achieved with a linear gradient from 55% buffer A, 45% buffer B to 30% buffer A, 70% buffer B for 25 minutes at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Absorbance at 260 nm was measured while running, 0.5 ml fractions were collected in 1.5 ml conical polypropylene tubes. Immediately after the run, 5 µl of 10% SDS was added to each tube followed by vortex mixing of each tube (this was done to ensure that the acridinium ester labeled probe did not stick to the tube walls). A 0.5 µl sample was removed from fractions 21-42 and added to 200 µl water in a 12 x 75 mm tube (a separate pipette tip was used for each sample to avoid transfer problems). The chemiluminescence of each sample was then determined in a Berthold Clinilumat by automatic injection of 200 µl of 0.25 N HNO3, 0.1% H2O2, followed by, after a one second dwell, 200 µl of IN NaOH and the chemiluminescence read for ten seconds .
Fraksjoner 29-33 ble presipitert med EtOH ved tilsetning til hver 5 pl glykogen, vortexblanding, tilsetning av 1 ml EtOH til hver, vortexblanding, inkubering fem til ti minutter på is og sentrifugering i fem minutter ved 15.000 rpm i en mikrosentrifuge. Hver supernatant ble forsiktig fjernet, hver pellet ble gjenoppløst i 20 pl 0,IM NaOAc, pH 5, 0,1 % SDS og disse separate fraksjoner ble deretter samlet. Fractions 29-33 were precipitated with EtOH by adding to each 5 µl of glycogen, vortexing, adding 1 mL of EtOH to each, vortexing, incubating five to ten minutes on ice, and centrifuging for five minutes at 15,000 rpm in a microcentrifuge. Each supernatant was carefully removed, each pellet was redissolved in 20 µl 0.1M NaOAc, pH 5, 0.1% SDS and these separate fractions were then pooled.
Basert på en sammenligning av UV-absorbans og kjemiluminiscens, ble kjemiluminiscens-spesifikk aktivitet av den merkede prøve og utgangsmarkørreagenset sammenlignbare på en molar basis. Based on a comparison of UV absorbance and chemiluminescence, the chemiluminescence specific activity of the labeled sample and the parent marker reagent were comparable on a molar basis.
Man vil således se at det er blitt beskrevet reagenser som lett kan kobles til 5'-hydroksystillingen i et nukleotid, typisk det terminale nukleotid i en nukleotid-multimer, til å gi en substituert nukleotid-multimer med en bindingsrest som lett avbeskyttes under de samme betingelser som avbeskyttelse av eksocykliske aminer i standard fast-fasesyntese. Som vist kan slike reagenser kobles til en nukleotid-multimer som et siste trinn i en velkjent fast-fasesynteseprosedyre ved anvendelse av standard kjemi for slike prosedyrer. Videre kreves intet spesielt avbeskyttelsestrinn for bindingsresten i den oppnådde substituerte nukleotid-multimer, da den acylbeskyttende gruppe, som kan spaltes under de samme alkaliske betingelser som anvendes for å avbeskytte eksocykliske nukleotide aminer i multimeren, avbeskyttes samtidig dermed. It will thus be seen that reagents have been described which can be easily connected to the 5'-hydroxy position in a nucleotide, typically the terminal nucleotide in a nucleotide multimer, to give a substituted nucleotide multimer with a binding residue which is easily deprotected under the same conditions such as deprotection of exocyclic amines in standard solid-phase synthesis. As shown, such reagents can be coupled to a nucleotide multimer as a final step in a well-known solid-phase synthesis procedure using standard chemistry for such procedures. Furthermore, no special deprotection step is required for the binding residue in the obtained substituted nucleotide multimer, as the acyl protecting group, which can be cleaved under the same alkaline conditions used to deprotect exocyclic nucleotide amines in the multimer, is thus simultaneously deprotected.
Skjønt spesifikke utførelsesformer av den foreliggende oppfinnelse er beskrevet, vil variasjoner og modifikasjoner av slike utførelsesformer være mulige for den fagkyndige på området. Følgelig vil rammen for den foreliggende oppfinnelse ikke være begrenset til utførelsesformene som beskrevet detaljert over. Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described, variations and modifications of such embodiments will be possible for those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments as described in detail above.
Claims (17)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US10433087A | 1987-10-02 | 1987-10-02 | |
| PCT/US1988/003275 WO1989002933A1 (en) | 1987-10-02 | 1988-09-26 | Non-nucleotide reagents for substituting termini of oligonucleotides |
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| NO892191L true NO892191L (en) | 1989-07-28 |
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